Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule is recommended by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of World Health Organization to achieve high efficacy and immunogenicity. However, the patients often cannot keep up their schedule for several reasons. Methods: Monthly numbers of visitors for HPV vaccination between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed to measure the impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak which was the main cause of this delay. Results: In February 2020, the number of foreign patients vaccinated with HPV was dropped suddenly due to COVID-19. Prior to this impact, the average patients per month for HPV vaccination was 160 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 143–176). It was then 30 (95% CI: 20–40). However recent trends show a gradual recovery. Conclusion: If a woman is pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, the reminder doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. If this series is interrupted for any length of time, it can be resumed without restarting the series. HPV vaccine series need to be administered with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration of COVID-19 vaccines.
{"title":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Foreigners during COVID-19 Era","authors":"Juwon Lim","doi":"10.46246/KJASEM.210006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/KJASEM.210006","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule is recommended by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of World Health Organization to achieve high efficacy and immunogenicity. However, the patients often cannot keep up their schedule for several reasons. Methods: Monthly numbers of visitors for HPV vaccination between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed to measure the impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak which was the main cause of this delay. Results: In February 2020, the number of foreign patients vaccinated with HPV was dropped suddenly due to COVID-19. Prior to this impact, the average patients per month for HPV vaccination was 160 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 143–176). It was then 30 (95% CI: 20–40). However recent trends show a gradual recovery. Conclusion: If a woman is pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, the reminder doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. If this series is interrupted for any length of time, it can be resumed without restarting the series. HPV vaccine series need to be administered with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration of COVID-19 vaccines.","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48470620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aviation Operators’ Response Plan to Overcome the Crisis in the Aviation Industry Caused by COVID-19","authors":"In-kyu Lim","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.3.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.3.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46246/kjasem.30.3.100
WooSeok Hyun
{"title":"Internet of Things: An Overview and its Applications in Aviation","authors":"WooSeok Hyun","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.3.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.3.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48971416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to quantify the causes of Korean airline pilots' medical disqualification during 2015~2019. The airline pilot disqualification data is important for grasping what health problems are common to pilots and establishing preventive health care programs. We were able to obtain data from official sources at the Korean Civil Aviation Authority during 2015~2019. The total number of pilots was 29,095, and the number of disqualified professional pilots in Korea was 36. Looking at airline pilots' status by age group, the 40s were the highest with 38%. However, the disqualification rate per 1,000 pilots was the highest in the 60s, at 4.6. When the different diagnostic categories classified the disqualification results, cardiovascular disease was the highest with 12 cases (33.3%), followed by eye disease, malignancy, neurology, psychiatry, otorhinolaryngology, and respiratory disease. The total number of pilots during 2015~2019 was 29,095, and the overall disqualification rate of 1.6/1,000 pilots.
{"title":"Survey of Medically Disqualified Airline Pilots in Korea: 2015~2019","authors":"Y. Kwon","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.2.70","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to quantify the causes of Korean airline pilots' medical disqualification during 2015~2019. The airline pilot disqualification data is important for grasping what health problems are common to pilots and establishing preventive health care programs. We were able to obtain data from official sources at the Korean Civil Aviation Authority during 2015~2019. The total number of pilots was 29,095, and the number of disqualified professional pilots in Korea was 36. Looking at airline pilots' status by age group, the 40s were the highest with 38%. However, the disqualification rate per 1,000 pilots was the highest in the 60s, at 4.6. When the different diagnostic categories classified the disqualification results, cardiovascular disease was the highest with 12 cases (33.3%), followed by eye disease, malignancy, neurology, psychiatry, otorhinolaryngology, and respiratory disease. The total number of pilots during 2015~2019 was 29,095, and the overall disqualification rate of 1.6/1,000 pilots.","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since allergic rhinitis is a disease with a very high prevalence, it is common to find patients with allergic rhinitis among aviation workers. However, they are so afraid that the report of rhinitis will have a negative effect on the evaluation of one's work suitability. Therefore, aviation medical examiners (AMEs) must be able to accurately understand the nature of allergic rhinitis, and confidently explain that appropriate treatment of rhinitis has a positive effect on their performance. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis, there are some medications that may cause drowsiness, which may impair the accuracy and safety of the aviation service. Therefore, AMEs should accurately know safe drugs that do not cause drowsiness and prescribe them to patients. In addition, it is necessary to know exactly whether air workers may receive the latest treatments for allergic rhinitis, such as surgical treatment and immunotherapy, and be able to recommend these treatments appropriately. Therefore, in this paper, we first briefly describe the pathophysiology, genetics, causative antigen, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic rhinitis. We also aimed to discuss safe medication and other treatment modalities for allergic rhinitis.
{"title":"The Role of Aviation Medical Examiners in the Diagnosis, Treatment and Aeromedical Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis","authors":"Young Hyo Kim","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.2.66","url":null,"abstract":"Since allergic rhinitis is a disease with a very high prevalence, it is common to find patients with allergic rhinitis among aviation workers. However, they are so afraid that the report of rhinitis will have a negative effect on the evaluation of one's work suitability. Therefore, aviation medical examiners (AMEs) must be able to accurately understand the nature of allergic rhinitis, and confidently explain that appropriate treatment of rhinitis has a positive effect on their performance. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis, there are some medications that may cause drowsiness, which may impair the accuracy and safety of the aviation service. Therefore, AMEs should accurately know safe drugs that do not cause drowsiness and prescribe them to patients. In addition, it is necessary to know exactly whether air workers may receive the latest treatments for allergic rhinitis, such as surgical treatment and immunotherapy, and be able to recommend these treatments appropriately. Therefore, in this paper, we first briefly describe the pathophysiology, genetics, causative antigen, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic rhinitis. We also aimed to discuss safe medication and other treatment modalities for allergic rhinitis.","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48000056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In accordance with ICAO SARPs, the states should implement appropriate aviation-related health promotion for airmen subject to an aviation medical examination to reduce future medical risks to flight safety. We aimed to analyze the results of the aviation medical examination to use as objective evidence for establishing an aviation-related health promotion plan. The results of the final issuance of airmen medical certificate from 2015~2017 were collected from the e-sky computer system. The 30 cases (0.3%) in 2015, 22 cases (0.2%) in 2016, 38 cases (0.3%) in 2017 were unfit for flight duty. The 34 unfit out of the total 90 cases were renewal physical examinations. The cardiovascular disease was most commonly in 11 cases, followed by 8 tumors, 4 psychiatric diseases, 3 ophthalmic diseases, 2 respiratory diseases, 2 neurologic diseases, 2 otolaryngological diseases, 1 endocrine disease and 1 digestive disease. The results of this study can be used as objective data in aviation-related health promotion plan. The health promotion activities based on objective data can contribute to improving aviation safety by improving the lifestyles of airmen.
{"title":"Analysis of Three Years of Airmen Medical Certificate for Preparing Aviation-related Health Promotion Plan","authors":"B. Han, Y. Kwon, Yune Young Shin","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.1.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.1.40","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with ICAO SARPs, the states should implement appropriate aviation-related health promotion for airmen subject to an aviation medical examination to reduce future medical risks to flight safety. We aimed to analyze the results of the aviation medical examination to use as objective evidence for establishing an aviation-related health promotion plan. The results of the final issuance of airmen medical certificate from 2015~2017 were collected from the e-sky computer system. The 30 cases (0.3%) in 2015, 22 cases (0.2%) in 2016, 38 cases (0.3%) in 2017 were unfit for flight duty. The 34 unfit out of the total 90 cases were renewal physical examinations. The cardiovascular disease was most commonly in 11 cases, followed by 8 tumors, 4 psychiatric diseases, 3 ophthalmic diseases, 2 respiratory diseases, 2 neurologic diseases, 2 otolaryngological diseases, 1 endocrine disease and 1 digestive disease. The results of this study can be used as objective data in aviation-related health promotion plan. The health promotion activities based on objective data can contribute to improving aviation safety by improving the lifestyles of airmen.","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45624182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
매년 노인 인구는 빠르게 늘고 있다. 노인을 단순히 나이로만 정 의하는 것은 적절하지 않다. 우선 문화적으로나 역사적으로 노인 에 대한 정의가 다양하고, 그동안 의학적 발전에 의해 주민등록상 의 나이가 아닌 생리적인 건강상태로 평가한 생체 나이를 활용하 는 경우가 많아졌기 때문이다. 하지만 통상적으로는 노령 연금 수 급자나 퇴직자를 포함하는 것이 일반적이다. 우리나라는 현재 65 세 이상을 노인으로 정의하고 있다. 최근 사회 고령화에 따라 고령자의 해외여행 또한 증가 추세이 다. 한국관광공사 자료에 따르면 국내 내국인 출국자 수는 매년 증가하여 2018년에는 2,870만명이 출국하였다(Fig. 1). 이 가운 데 61세 이상의 고령 출국자 수는 약 276만 명으로 전체 출국자 의 9.6%를 차지하고, 80세 이상도 20만명을 웃돌았다[1]. 이는 경제력을 확보한 고령 인구가 여가를 향유하기 위한 욕구가 증가 하면서 주 소비계층으로 부상하였기 때문이다. 그러면 노인 여행자는 몇 살까지 항공여행이 가능할까? 각 항공 사에서 운영하고 있는 항공여행 규정에 따르면 항공여행에 나이 제한은 없다. 하지만 노인 여행자의 항공여행이 항상 안전한 것만 은 아니다. 누구에게나 낯선 곳으로의 여행은 여러 가지 위험을 내포하고 있다. 또한 항공기 객실 환경은 지상과 다르기 때문에 호흡기나 심장 질환이 있는 노인 여행자에게는 호흡곤란이나 질 환을 악화시킬 가능성이 있다. 따라서 항공사에서는 예기치 않은 기내 의학적 상황이 발생하는 것을 방지하기 위해 노인 여행자가 항공기에 탑승하는 경우 기저 질환이 있는지, 보행이 가능한지, 의식은 명료한지, 보호자를 동반하고 있는지 등을 확인하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근에 증가하고 있는 노인의 항공 여행시 주의해 야 할 사항과 안전한 항공여행을 위한 준비 방법에 대해 살펴 보 고자 한다. 노인의 안전한 항공여행
{"title":"The Safe Air Travel of the Elderly","authors":"Y. Kwon","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"매년 노인 인구는 빠르게 늘고 있다. 노인을 단순히 나이로만 정 의하는 것은 적절하지 않다. 우선 문화적으로나 역사적으로 노인 에 대한 정의가 다양하고, 그동안 의학적 발전에 의해 주민등록상 의 나이가 아닌 생리적인 건강상태로 평가한 생체 나이를 활용하 는 경우가 많아졌기 때문이다. 하지만 통상적으로는 노령 연금 수 급자나 퇴직자를 포함하는 것이 일반적이다. 우리나라는 현재 65 세 이상을 노인으로 정의하고 있다. 최근 사회 고령화에 따라 고령자의 해외여행 또한 증가 추세이 다. 한국관광공사 자료에 따르면 국내 내국인 출국자 수는 매년 증가하여 2018년에는 2,870만명이 출국하였다(Fig. 1). 이 가운 데 61세 이상의 고령 출국자 수는 약 276만 명으로 전체 출국자 의 9.6%를 차지하고, 80세 이상도 20만명을 웃돌았다[1]. 이는 경제력을 확보한 고령 인구가 여가를 향유하기 위한 욕구가 증가 하면서 주 소비계층으로 부상하였기 때문이다. 그러면 노인 여행자는 몇 살까지 항공여행이 가능할까? 각 항공 사에서 운영하고 있는 항공여행 규정에 따르면 항공여행에 나이 제한은 없다. 하지만 노인 여행자의 항공여행이 항상 안전한 것만 은 아니다. 누구에게나 낯선 곳으로의 여행은 여러 가지 위험을 내포하고 있다. 또한 항공기 객실 환경은 지상과 다르기 때문에 호흡기나 심장 질환이 있는 노인 여행자에게는 호흡곤란이나 질 환을 악화시킬 가능성이 있다. 따라서 항공사에서는 예기치 않은 기내 의학적 상황이 발생하는 것을 방지하기 위해 노인 여행자가 항공기에 탑승하는 경우 기저 질환이 있는지, 보행이 가능한지, 의식은 명료한지, 보호자를 동반하고 있는지 등을 확인하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근에 증가하고 있는 노인의 항공 여행시 주의해 야 할 사항과 안전한 항공여행을 위한 준비 방법에 대해 살펴 보 고자 한다. 노인의 안전한 항공여행","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41462904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Space exploration is one of the dreams of humankind. However, the intriguing environment was a challenge for the human body, where we must counter with many extreme conditions such as thermal support, radiation, microgravity. Life, as well as the human body, developed and evolved in the continuous presence of gravity, especially when living creatures transfer from the ocean to the land. Once this gravitational force doesn't impact on the body, the drastic changes occur. Some of these changes were observed immediately, while others progress only slowly. Since the first orbital flight was performed, several hazards for the organs of the human body were identified [1]. These changes in human physiology can reverse when astronauts return to Earth. This article will review the published findings of the effects of microgravity exposure on the human body.
{"title":"Effects of Microgravity on Human Physiology","authors":"Nguyen Nguyen, Gyutae Kim, Kyusung Kim","doi":"10.46246/kjasem.30.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46246/kjasem.30.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Space exploration is one of the dreams of humankind. However, the intriguing environment was a challenge for the human body, where we must counter with many extreme conditions such as thermal support, radiation, microgravity. Life, as well as the human body, developed and evolved in the continuous presence of gravity, especially when living creatures transfer from the ocean to the land. Once this gravitational force doesn't impact on the body, the drastic changes occur. Some of these changes were observed immediately, while others progress only slowly. Since the first orbital flight was performed, several hazards for the organs of the human body were identified [1]. These changes in human physiology can reverse when astronauts return to Earth. This article will review the published findings of the effects of microgravity exposure on the human body.","PeriodicalId":34381,"journal":{"name":"Hanggong uju uihakoeji","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43389413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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