{"title":"Management and training of linguistic volunteers","authors":"Patrick Cadwell, Claudia Bollig, J. Ried","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125405110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crisis translation in Yemen","authors":"Khaled Al-Shehari","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121608165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Police communication across languages in crisis situations","authors":"Joanna Drugan","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116281377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When a sudden-onset emergency occurs, the language needs of those affected and those involved in the relief efforts cannot be foreseen. Provided that access to online communication is still available, it is not unlikely that many involved in the crisis will resort to language technologies such as machine translation and initiatives such as crowdsourcing to assist in the urgent need for multilingual communication. This may be done in an attempt to understand the key messages from official bodies, or relief organisations, when there is a lack of professional translators to assist in the multilingual communication process. This approach machine translation and crowdsourcing was successfully used in a previous crisis, i.e. the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. However, the use of technologies cannot be taken for granted. Even if they are supposedly used for good, a number of ethical issues should be given consideration before using these technologies, when using them, and in the aftermath of a crisis. In this chapter, we describe those issues by having a closer look at potential crisis translation workflows which rely on machine translation and crowdsourcing.
{"title":"Ethical considerations on the use of machine translation and crowdsourcing in cascading crises","authors":"Carla Parra Escartín, Helena Moniz","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-7","url":null,"abstract":"When a sudden-onset emergency occurs, the language needs of those affected and those involved in the relief efforts cannot be foreseen. Provided that access to online communication is still available, it is not unlikely that many involved in the crisis will resort to language technologies such as machine translation and initiatives such as crowdsourcing to assist in the urgent need for multilingual communication. This may be done in an attempt to understand the key messages from official bodies, or relief organisations, when there is a lack of professional translators to assist in the multilingual communication process. This approach machine translation and crowdsourcing was successfully used in a previous crisis, i.e. the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. However, the use of technologies cannot be taken for granted. Even if they are supposedly used for good, a number of ethical issues should be given consideration before using these technologies, when using them, and in the aftermath of a crisis. In this chapter, we describe those issues by having a closer look at potential crisis translation workflows which rely on machine translation and crowdsourcing.","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127048023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating language needs in disaster research and disaster risk reduction and management through participatory methods","authors":"Jake Rom D. Cadag","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129619626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the wake of a disaster, failures in various systems are bound to cause temporary impairments and exacerbate permanent ones. Non-inclusiveness in planning tends to prevent people with disabilities, as well as culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities, from standard rescue and relief responses, which not only goes against universal human rights but may amplify the crisis into cascading effects. This chapter explores the notion of accessibility as a form of risk and vulnerability reduction, response and mitigation. We argue that producing information on disaster preparedness, response and recovery with accessibility and cultural and linguistic diversity in mind can help reduce the vulnerability usually associated with the aforementioned communities, as well as potentially benefit both the general population and the international humanitarian community. Additionally, we contend that designing accessibility-compliant (digital) content can both mitigate the effects of limited or malfunctioning communication infrastructure resulting from the disaster, and facilitate the production of multilingual information by reducing the time, technology and human efforts required for the translation process, which are often scarce in a crisis environment. Finally, we highlight the need for crisis translators to be more disability-aware and accessibility-informed to ensure an effective communication between all stakeholders in disaster situations.
{"title":"Accessibility of multilingual information in cascading crises","authors":"Silvia Rodríguez Vázquez, Jesús Torres del Rey","doi":"10.4324/9780429341052-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429341052-5","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of a disaster, failures in various systems are bound to cause temporary impairments and exacerbate permanent ones. Non-inclusiveness in planning tends to prevent people with disabilities, as well as culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities, from standard rescue and relief responses, which not only goes against universal human rights but may amplify the crisis into cascading effects. This chapter explores the notion of accessibility as a form of risk and vulnerability reduction, response and mitigation. We argue that producing information on disaster preparedness, response and recovery with accessibility and cultural and linguistic diversity in mind can help reduce the vulnerability usually associated with the aforementioned communities, as well as potentially benefit both the general population and the international humanitarian community. Additionally, we contend that designing accessibility-compliant (digital) content can both mitigate the effects of limited or malfunctioning communication infrastructure resulting from the disaster, and facilitate the production of multilingual information by reducing the time, technology and human efforts required for the translation process, which are often scarce in a crisis environment. Finally, we highlight the need for crisis translators to be more disability-aware and accessibility-informed to ensure an effective communication between all stakeholders in disaster situations.","PeriodicalId":343947,"journal":{"name":"Translation in Cascading Crises","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114617851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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