Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.247
K. Atta
An integrated curriculum broadly refers to collaborative methodologies of studying various disciplines together in a linked form. This has widely become the method of choice for imparting undergraduate medical education.1 In the context of Pakistan, where the medical education is predominantly based on a traditional discipline based approach, the examples of implemented integrated curricula have been few and far between due to a number of factors namely, logistics, faculty training, faculty readiness, student to teacher ratio and infra structure being a few prominent ones. 2 Despite these challenges, the University of Health Sciences (UHS) recently took up the task to introduce an integrated medical curriculum in Pakistan, the curriculum “2k23” has now been implemented in the 50 constituent colleges of the UHS.
{"title":"From Separate Silos to a Cohesive Whole: The story of Integrated Medical Education","authors":"K. Atta","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.247","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated curriculum broadly refers to collaborative methodologies of studying various disciplines together in a linked form. This has widely become the method of choice for imparting undergraduate medical education.1 In the context of Pakistan, where the medical education is predominantly based on a traditional discipline based approach, the examples of implemented integrated curricula have been few and far between due to a number of factors namely, logistics, faculty training, faculty readiness, student to teacher ratio and infra structure being a few prominent ones. 2 Despite these challenges, the University of Health Sciences (UHS) recently took up the task to introduce an integrated medical curriculum in Pakistan, the curriculum “2k23” has now been implemented in the 50 constituent colleges of the UHS. ","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.227
Faheem Ur Rahman, Sumayya Rahman, Iqbal Haider, Nayab Munib, Wazir Mohammad Khan
Objective: To find out the frequency of hypoglycemia in Type-2 Diabetics having nephropathyMethodology: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Medical Teaching Institute Khyber Teaching Hospital. Department of Medicine, from August 21, 2020, to January 21, 2021. Two-hundred and eighty-one (281) patients with Type 2 diabetic nephropathy were observed in due course and were subjected to detailed history and examination. A sample of 5 ml venous blood was obtained from the patients to measure blood glucose levels to detect hypoglycemia. Experienced pathologists analyzed all investigations.Results: The mean ± Standard deviation (SD) of age in this study was 60± 10.26 years. Female patients outnumbered males in this study. Hypoglycemia was reported in 21% of patients while 79% did not have hypoglycemia.Conclusion: Type-2 diabetics having nephropathy are prone to hypoglycemia. These patients should be carefully observed for clinical and biochemical features of hypoglycemia .
{"title":"Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Nephropathy","authors":"Faheem Ur Rahman, Sumayya Rahman, Iqbal Haider, Nayab Munib, Wazir Mohammad Khan","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.227","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the frequency of hypoglycemia in Type-2 Diabetics having nephropathyMethodology: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Medical Teaching Institute Khyber Teaching Hospital. Department of Medicine, from August 21, 2020, to January 21, 2021. Two-hundred and eighty-one (281) patients with Type 2 diabetic nephropathy were observed in due course and were subjected to detailed history and examination. A sample of 5 ml venous blood was obtained from the patients to measure blood glucose levels to detect hypoglycemia. Experienced pathologists analyzed all investigations.Results: The mean ± Standard deviation (SD) of age in this study was 60± 10.26 years. Female patients outnumbered males in this study. Hypoglycemia was reported in 21% of patients while 79% did not have hypoglycemia.Conclusion: Type-2 diabetics having nephropathy are prone to hypoglycemia. These patients should be carefully observed for clinical and biochemical features of hypoglycemia .","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129834423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.176
R. Khurshid, Saima Rasheed, Shakil Ahmed, Huma Ashraf, Gul-e-Raana, Maira Mahmood
Objectives: To find the correlation of immunoglobulin G with severity of psoriasis. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore/Niazi Teaching Hospital Sargodha. Study duration was six months from January 2020 to June 2020. One hundred patients of psoriasis (confirmed by Dermatologist) were included in the study. Questionnaire based on age, gender, duration of illness, type and severity of problem etc and biochemical test including immunoglobulin G were filled by consented patients. The study comprised into patients and controls groups. Fifty age matched Subjects with no history of skin disease were taken as controls. For immunological assessment, IgG was measured by the technique of ELISA.Results: Mean age of developing of disease was in the range of 36 to 43 years. A few patients have family history with a problem of asthma. High severity of index (59 to 61) in both genders with duration of disease was 4 to 6 years. A direct correlation between level of IgG and disease severity was observed.Conclusion: Increased level of immunoglobulin G and its direct correlation with severity of psoriasis may suggest an activation of 2nd immune defense that try to reduce the severity of disease.
{"title":"Correlation of Immunoglobulin G With Severity Of Psoriasis","authors":"R. Khurshid, Saima Rasheed, Shakil Ahmed, Huma Ashraf, Gul-e-Raana, Maira Mahmood","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.176","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To find the correlation of immunoglobulin G with severity of psoriasis. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore/Niazi Teaching Hospital Sargodha. Study duration was six months from January 2020 to June 2020. One hundred patients of psoriasis (confirmed by Dermatologist) were included in the study. Questionnaire based on age, gender, duration of illness, type and severity of problem etc and biochemical test including immunoglobulin G were filled by consented patients. The study comprised into patients and controls groups. Fifty age matched Subjects with no history of skin disease were taken as controls. For immunological assessment, IgG was measured by the technique of ELISA.Results: Mean age of developing of disease was in the range of 36 to 43 years. A few patients have family history with a problem of asthma. High severity of index (59 to 61) in both genders with duration of disease was 4 to 6 years. A direct correlation between level of IgG and disease severity was observed.Conclusion: Increased level of immunoglobulin G and its direct correlation with severity of psoriasis may suggest an activation of 2nd immune defense that try to reduce the severity of disease.","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134547372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the prevalence and purpose of medical app usage in Pakistan.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pretested form, distributed via Google Forms. Convenience sampling was used to select a sample of 357 MBBS, BDS, Allied Health, and Nursing students of CMH Lahore Medical College. Data was analyzed using “SPSS version 23.0”. Descriptive statistics were calculated as frequencies. A “p-value” of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.Results: Out of all the participants (357), 40.3% were males, and 59.7% were females, with an average age of20.89 ± 1.61. 95.5% of the participants used intelligent devices, and 86.6% were aware of the medical apps available for use on mobiles. A majority (64.1%) of the students had various medical apps installed on their phones. Almost half of these students (45.1%) were advised by medical educators to use different medical apps for their studies. Most of the students made use of medical apps to search for medical information (49.7%), followed by exam preparations (37.6%), Revision (34.6%), and preparation of presentations (26.4.%). The use of general clinical textbooks and clinical skills guide apps were 22.2% and 23.9%, respectively. 20.5% of the participants did not use Medical Apps for any purpose. A Likert scale showed that students think that Medical Apps are easy to obtain, and many of them frequently use them too. They believe that these apps save time during clinical practice. Medscape was the most common app being used (29.3%), followed by Gray’s Anatomy (25%) and Pharmapedia (23.9%). Conclusion: The common usage of medical apps was recurrent amongst medical students
{"title":"Prevalence and Purpose of Medical App Usage In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ibtehaj Munir, Farhat Ijaz, Kanza Waqar, Iman Hussain, Rana Khurram Aftab, Asim Zia","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v5i1.228","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence and purpose of medical app usage in Pakistan.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pretested form, distributed via Google Forms. Convenience sampling was used to select a sample of 357 MBBS, BDS, Allied Health, and Nursing students of CMH Lahore Medical College. Data was analyzed using “SPSS version 23.0”. Descriptive statistics were calculated as frequencies. A “p-value” of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.Results: Out of all the participants (357), 40.3% were males, and 59.7% were females, with an average age of20.89 ± 1.61. 95.5% of the participants used intelligent devices, and 86.6% were aware of the medical apps available for use on mobiles. A majority (64.1%) of the students had various medical apps installed on their phones. Almost half of these students (45.1%) were advised by medical educators to use different medical apps for their studies. Most of the students made use of medical apps to search for medical information (49.7%), followed by exam preparations (37.6%), Revision (34.6%), and preparation of presentations (26.4.%). The use of general clinical textbooks and clinical skills guide apps were 22.2% and 23.9%, respectively. 20.5% of the participants did not use Medical Apps for any purpose. A Likert scale showed that students think that Medical Apps are easy to obtain, and many of them frequently use them too. They believe that these apps save time during clinical practice. Medscape was the most common app being used (29.3%), followed by Gray’s Anatomy (25%) and Pharmapedia (23.9%). Conclusion: The common usage of medical apps was recurrent amongst medical students","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114138391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.136
Umaiza Bashir, A. Jabeen
Objectives: To assess the mediating role of family communication between the relationship of psychological strengths or sequelae and anxiety symptoms in general population during lockdown in COVID-19 among.Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was used to assess a sample of age range 18 years to 60 years during a period of March 2020- July 2020 after taking Ethical approval by a institutional review board of university. The measures of the study including demographic variables form, indigenous scale for Psychological Strengths and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) was used to measure the anxiety in population. The Family Communication scale was used to measure the mediating effect of communication within family members. Using convenient sampling online google form was generate and from 371 participants’ data was collected, in which adult general population was included.Result: The present study showed that there was a significant relationship between the study variables, and family communication indicated partial mediating role between psychological sequelae and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: It can be concluded that to better deal with the anxiety related to corona virus disease positive perspective is important and family bonding and communication play significant role in increasing psychological strengths.
{"title":"Psychological Sequelae of COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Family Communication as a Protective Factor","authors":"Umaiza Bashir, A. Jabeen","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.136","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the mediating role of family communication between the relationship of psychological strengths or sequelae and anxiety symptoms in general population during lockdown in COVID-19 among.Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was used to assess a sample of age range 18 years to 60 years during a period of March 2020- July 2020 after taking Ethical approval by a institutional review board of university. The measures of the study including demographic variables form, indigenous scale for Psychological Strengths and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) was used to measure the anxiety in population. The Family Communication scale was used to measure the mediating effect of communication within family members. Using convenient sampling online google form was generate and from 371 participants’ data was collected, in which adult general population was included.Result: The present study showed that there was a significant relationship between the study variables, and family communication indicated partial mediating role between psychological sequelae and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: It can be concluded that to better deal with the anxiety related to corona virus disease positive perspective is important and family bonding and communication play significant role in increasing psychological strengths.","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To determine predicting factors for in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional validation study was performed in Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi, Pakistan from 2019 to 2020 at the Chest Medicine department, a largest public tertiary care center in Karachi. All the patients with other inflammatory diseases such as malignancy, Arthritis, Inflammatory bowel diseases, connective tissue disorders, bronchiectasis (radiologically proven or history of phlegm expectoration >30 ml/day) or history of Tuberculosis were excluded. Patients with a recent history of use of antibiotic treatment or systemic steroids (prednisolone equivalent to >20 mg/day) in the preceding two months on medical record were also excluded from the study. Ethical Approval was taken from Institutional Research committee. All the patients who were presented to ER with Acute exacerbation of COPD was included in the study, AECOPD was defines Anthonisen criteria. Data was entered into SPSS version 21 for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Total 157 study participants were included into the study with predominance of male gender (n=106, 67.5%). The average age of study participants was 65.1 ± 11.41 years. Age was significantly higher among non-survivors than survivors (p=0.037). PH level at 4 hours was significantly lower in survivors (p=0.038). Heart rate (p=0.026) and respiratory rate (p=0.018) were significantly higher among non-survivors at 4 hours. Among NLR, PLR, PCO2, PO2 and HCO3, a higher sensitivity of 92.59% for NLR and lower specificity of 6.15% PCO2 was determined. None of these parameters had area under the curve significantly higher than 0.5. Multivariable logistic regression showed that age and PCO2 were independently predictors of mortality. Conclusion: The present study found that increasing age and PCO2 were significant predictors of mortality in in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NLR has high sensitivity and low specificity in determining the mortality
{"title":"Mortality Predictors in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD)","authors":"Sadhna Mankani, Nausheen Saifullah, Saima Akhter, Asha Devi","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.179","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine predicting factors for in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD)\u0000Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional validation study was performed in Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi, Pakistan from 2019 to 2020 at the Chest Medicine department, a largest public tertiary care center in Karachi. All the patients with other inflammatory diseases such as malignancy, Arthritis, Inflammatory bowel diseases, connective tissue disorders, bronchiectasis (radiologically proven or history of phlegm expectoration >30 ml/day) or history of Tuberculosis were excluded. Patients with a recent history of use of antibiotic treatment or systemic steroids (prednisolone equivalent to >20 mg/day) in the preceding two months on medical record were also excluded from the study. Ethical Approval was taken from Institutional Research committee. All the patients who were presented to ER with Acute exacerbation of COPD was included in the study, AECOPD was defines Anthonisen criteria. Data was entered into SPSS version 21 for statistical analysis of the data.\u0000Results: Total 157 study participants were included into the study with predominance of male gender (n=106, 67.5%). The average age of study participants was 65.1 ± 11.41 years. Age was significantly higher among non-survivors than survivors (p=0.037). PH level at 4 hours was significantly lower in survivors (p=0.038). Heart rate (p=0.026) and respiratory rate (p=0.018) were significantly higher among non-survivors at 4 hours. Among NLR, PLR, PCO2, PO2 and HCO3, a higher sensitivity of 92.59% for NLR and lower specificity of 6.15% PCO2 was determined. None of these parameters had area under the curve significantly higher than 0.5. Multivariable logistic regression showed that age and PCO2 were independently predictors of mortality.\u0000Conclusion: The present study found that increasing age and PCO2 were significant predictors of mortality in in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NLR has high sensitivity and low specificity in determining the mortality","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116843167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.224
Dr. Romaisa Khalid, D. Ehsan, A. Khalid, Dr. Khalid Mahmood
Objective: To assess the knowledge of medical practitioners regarding The Human Monkey Pox Infection.Methodology: A cross sectional study was performed between June 2022 and August 2022 among medical practitioners in Punjab, Pakistan especially the medical practitioners from major cities including Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan. Data was collected through an online, self-administered questionnaire. Piloting was done and feedback was taken. All the registered doctors working in different areas of Pakistan were included in this study. All non-registered doctors, nurses and paramedical staff were excluded from this study. Ethical approval was taken from the Office of the Ethical Review Committee, Faisalabad Medical University, Letter number: 48-ERC/FMU/2021-2022/232. Data was analyzed using SPSS version20.0.Results: Out of the 250 participants, 52(20.8%) were house officers, 78(31.2%) were medical officers,78(31.2%) were postgraduate residents and 16.8% were consultants. Among 250 participants, 170(68%) were in between the ages of 23 to 33, 16.4% between 34 to 44 and 39(15.6%) were between 45 to 55 years of age. Our 229(91.6%) participants were aware of The Human Monkey Pox Infection [HMPI] and 8.4% were not aware of HMPI. Only 115(46%) participants consider HMPI similar to smallpox. Majority of the respondents were aware of the predominant symptoms of the HMPI. Only 116(46.4%) participants consider 2nd and 3rd generation small pox vaccines to be effective against The Human Monkey pox Virus [HMPV].Conclusion: This study shows the knowledge of medical practitioners is relatively low. But considering the fact as being a newly emerging disease in Asian countries the overall response of doctors was a bit reasonable. Due to high alert by WHO there is an utmost need of training sessions for medical practitioners.
{"title":"Knowledge of the Human Monkey Pox Infection among Medical Practitioners in Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Dr. Romaisa Khalid, D. Ehsan, A. Khalid, Dr. Khalid Mahmood","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.224","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the knowledge of medical practitioners regarding The Human Monkey Pox Infection.Methodology: A cross sectional study was performed between June 2022 and August 2022 among medical practitioners in Punjab, Pakistan especially the medical practitioners from major cities including Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan. Data was collected through an online, self-administered questionnaire. Piloting was done and feedback was taken. All the registered doctors working in different areas of Pakistan were included in this study. All non-registered doctors, nurses and paramedical staff were excluded from this study. Ethical approval was taken from the Office of the Ethical Review Committee, Faisalabad Medical University, Letter number: 48-ERC/FMU/2021-2022/232. Data was analyzed using SPSS version20.0.Results: Out of the 250 participants, 52(20.8%) were house officers, 78(31.2%) were medical officers,78(31.2%) were postgraduate residents and 16.8% were consultants. Among 250 participants, 170(68%) were in between the ages of 23 to 33, 16.4% between 34 to 44 and 39(15.6%) were between 45 to 55 years of age. Our 229(91.6%) participants were aware of The Human Monkey Pox Infection [HMPI] and 8.4% were not aware of HMPI. Only 115(46%) participants consider HMPI similar to smallpox. Majority of the respondents were aware of the predominant symptoms of the HMPI. Only 116(46.4%) participants consider 2nd and 3rd generation small pox vaccines to be effective against The Human Monkey pox Virus [HMPV].Conclusion: This study shows the knowledge of medical practitioners is relatively low. But considering the fact as being a newly emerging disease in Asian countries the overall response of doctors was a bit reasonable. Due to high alert by WHO there is an utmost need of training sessions for medical practitioners.","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128397312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.167
Muhmooda Abdul Razzaque, Sabir Hussain, Ghulam Qadir, Yasmin Azad, Abdul wahid
Objectives: To investigate the frequency of stress and its influencing factors among intern nurses during the pandemic outbreak of Covid-19 in Karachi, Pakistan.Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted among intern nurses who were working in different hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan from 15th August to 15th September 2021. A total of 400 intern nurses were enrolled by using purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria: Intern nurses who were assigned in Covid-19 department/units. Exclusion criteria: Intern nurses who were not willing or absent at the time of data collection. Data were collected through a questionnaire and consists of three sections: First section included a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Second section is about influencing factors of stress, and third section encompassed with demographic information. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.Results: Out of total 400 intern nurses, n=305 (76%) were in a high stress and n=95 (24 %) were reported a low stress. Four influencing factors were significantly (P-value<0.05) associated with level of stress of intern nurses. i.e.: Chances of having an infection (P- value=0.005), inadequate personal protective equipment (P- value= 0.000), guilt to be a nurse (P- value= 0.003), and long hours of duties (P- value= 0.001).Conclusion: Present study had explored that majority of intern nurses were in high stress and four influencing factors were significantly associated with level of stress. Such as chances of having an infection, inadequate personal protective equipment and guilt to be a nurse, long duty hours.
{"title":"Stress and its Influencing Factors among Intern Nurses during Pandemic Outbreak of Covid - 19","authors":"Muhmooda Abdul Razzaque, Sabir Hussain, Ghulam Qadir, Yasmin Azad, Abdul wahid","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.167","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the frequency of stress and its influencing factors among intern nurses during the pandemic outbreak of Covid-19 in Karachi, Pakistan.Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted among intern nurses who were working in different hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan from 15th August to 15th September 2021. A total of 400 intern nurses were enrolled by using purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria: Intern nurses who were assigned in Covid-19 department/units. Exclusion criteria: Intern nurses who were not willing or absent at the time of data collection. Data were collected through a questionnaire and consists of three sections: First section included a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Second section is about influencing factors of stress, and third section encompassed with demographic information. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.Results: Out of total 400 intern nurses, n=305 (76%) were in a high stress and n=95 (24 %) were reported a low stress. Four influencing factors were significantly (P-value<0.05) associated with level of stress of intern nurses. i.e.: Chances of having an infection (P- value=0.005), inadequate personal protective equipment (P- value= 0.000), guilt to be a nurse (P- value= 0.003), and long hours of duties (P- value= 0.001).Conclusion: Present study had explored that majority of intern nurses were in high stress and four influencing factors were significantly associated with level of stress. Such as chances of having an infection, inadequate personal protective equipment and guilt to be a nurse, long duty hours.","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123481784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.168
Nimra Gul, I. Iqbal, A. Farooq
Objective: To determine the impaired color function in pseudophakic background diabetic retinopathy patient Methodology: After the ethical approval from The University of Faisalabad under ethical approval number TUF/Dean//2019/39 the cross-sectional study was conducted in the Ophthalmology department of Madina Teaching Hospital Faisalabad which is associated hospital of the The University of Faisalabad. 58 volunteers of both gender and age ranging between 35-75 years were studied through non-probability convenient sampling technique. Duration of study was September 2018 to February 2019. Visual acuity was tested from logmar at a 4 meter distance. Color vision was tested by conventional Farnsworth D15 test, along with slit-lamp and +70D lens to evaluate retinopathy severity, after proper consent of the patient. The test was performed after taking complete ocular, medical, surgical and drug history. Each pseudophakic eye was tested monocular and each subject was tested thrice. Results: Results were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Significant association was seen between the color vision in pseudophakic diabetic patient with background retinopathy (p<0.05), using Pearson Chi-Square. Color vision by conventional D-15 showed mean of ±2.17 and standard error of ±1.05. While pseudophakic group showed mean of ±1.05 and standard error of ± 0.116. Conclusion: There is color defect in pseudophakic diabetic with background retinopathy. The dyschromatopsia is more in the blue axis. Color vision defect (CVD) seen more in uncontrolled diabetic than controlled. Color vision defect (CVD) increases with the course of retinopathy. Color vision checking must be made an integral part of examination specifically in diabetic retinopathy patient.
目的:探讨假性晶状体背景糖尿病视网膜病变患者的色觉功能受损情况。经费萨拉巴德大学伦理批准号为TUF/Dean//2019/39后，在费萨拉巴德大学附属医院费萨拉巴德麦迪纳教学医院眼科进行横断面研究，采用非概率方便抽样技术对58名年龄在35-75岁的男女志愿者进行研究。学习时间为2018年9月至2019年2月。在4米的距离上用对数测试视力。在征得患者同意后，采用常规Farnsworth D15测试色视力，同时使用裂隙灯和+70D晶状体评估视网膜病变严重程度。该测试是在获得完整的眼部、内科、外科和药物史后进行的。每个假性失视眼进行单眼测试，每个受试者进行三次测试。结果:使用SPSS version 22对结果进行分析。假性失明糖尿病患者的色觉与背景性视网膜病变有显著相关性(p<0.05)。常规D-15色觉的平均值为±2.17，标准误差为±1.05。假性晶状体组平均±1.05，标准误差±0.116。结论:伴有背景性视网膜病变的假性糖尿病患者存在色觉缺陷。色差多见于蓝轴。色觉缺陷(CVD)在未控制的糖尿病患者中比在控制的糖尿病患者中更常见。色觉缺陷(CVD)随着视网膜病变的进展而增加。色觉检查必须成为糖尿病视网膜病变患者检查的重要组成部分。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.219
Amna Kahlid, A. Rashid, Sultan Mahmood, Jawad Ahmad, S. Sarfaraz, Dr. Sultan Ayaz
Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the Frequency of musculoskeletal pain, and to check whether single strapped bags are culprit of causing scoliosis in school going children or not as compared to other types of school bags i.e. double strapped and trolley type bags.Methodology: The study design was an observational cross-sectional. The process of data collection from the school going children (n=398) between the ages of 8 and 16 years was carried out in the government schools of the Faisalabad through a simple random sampling technique. Measurements of weight were taken through spring scale and subjective self-administered questionnaire was completed from each student along with cobb’s angle to measure the curvature and Adam forward bend test was also performed on each pupil.Results: Majority of the students used to carry single strapped bag with average value of 50.5% while double strapped bag with average percentage of 48.0%. Most of the students were used to carry bag on one side of shoulder with an average value of 68.3% and only 31.7% carried bag on both sides of shoulders. Most of the children reported pain in the neck and shoulder region with average percentage of 73.6% and in back/buttock were 105 with percentage of 26.4%. 92.5% of the children stated that their pain was relieved when they took off their bags and 51.3% were used to take medicine for pain reduction. On visual analogue rating scale, 57.8% of the children reported the moderate level of pain. Mean ± SD of students using single strapped and double strapped bags were 2.2438± 0.579 and 1.7958 and 0.64497. Adam forward test was also most frequently positive in students using single strapped bag as compared to other types of bags (p value = 0.000) reflecting scoliosisConclusion: Students majority who used to wear one side shoulder bag were prone to suffer scoliosis and pain in neck and shoulder region.
{"title":"Use of Single Shoulder Handling Bag: Scoliosis and Musculoskeletal Pain in School Going Children. “A Cross Sectional Study”","authors":"Amna Kahlid, A. Rashid, Sultan Mahmood, Jawad Ahmad, S. Sarfaraz, Dr. Sultan Ayaz","doi":"10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55279/jafmdc.v4i2.219","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the Frequency of musculoskeletal pain, and to check whether single strapped bags are culprit of causing scoliosis in school going children or not as compared to other types of school bags i.e. double strapped and trolley type bags.Methodology: The study design was an observational cross-sectional. The process of data collection from the school going children (n=398) between the ages of 8 and 16 years was carried out in the government schools of the Faisalabad through a simple random sampling technique. Measurements of weight were taken through spring scale and subjective self-administered questionnaire was completed from each student along with cobb’s angle to measure the curvature and Adam forward bend test was also performed on each pupil.Results: Majority of the students used to carry single strapped bag with average value of 50.5% while double strapped bag with average percentage of 48.0%. Most of the students were used to carry bag on one side of shoulder with an average value of 68.3% and only 31.7% carried bag on both sides of shoulders. Most of the children reported pain in the neck and shoulder region with average percentage of 73.6% and in back/buttock were 105 with percentage of 26.4%. 92.5% of the children stated that their pain was relieved when they took off their bags and 51.3% were used to take medicine for pain reduction. On visual analogue rating scale, 57.8% of the children reported the moderate level of pain. Mean ± SD of students using single strapped and double strapped bags were 2.2438± 0.579 and 1.7958 and 0.64497. Adam forward test was also most frequently positive in students using single strapped bag as compared to other types of bags (p value = 0.000) reflecting scoliosisConclusion: Students majority who used to wear one side shoulder bag were prone to suffer scoliosis and pain in neck and shoulder region.","PeriodicalId":344743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aziz Fatimah Medical & Dental College","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129893509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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