One Health Risk Management最新文献

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), violence is widespread in the world, about 1 million people dying from various forms of violence each year. Currently, violence in the workplace is increasing, especially in emergency department against medical personal.

Purpose of the research: to study the perception of violence by medical workers in ambulance stations in the cities of Yerevan and Gyumri, to identify the types, causes and qualitative characteristics of the prevalence of violence against medical ambulance workers. Give a comparative description of the violence situation in Yerevan and Gyumri stations.

Material and methods: Qualitative research was carried out among the medical staff of emergency stations of Yerevan and Gyumri cities using the in-depth interview method in 2021. The tool was the guide, the total number of participants was 61.

Results: The survey found that violence against emergency workers was common: 42 out of the 61 participants reported about lifetime experience of any type of violent behavior of patients or their relatives. Among the types of violence, physical and psychological were mentioned most often.

Conclusions: Violence is a common, frequent occurrence in the emergency department. Emergency medical personnel primarily perceive violence in its psychological and physical manifestations. Among the reasons are, in particular, the apparent delays of the emergency personnel, the nervous and mental overstrain of the abusers, and the use of alcohol.

Introduction: Road traffic injuries are a significant issue for society in the twenty-first century, but public health experts frequently ignore them despite the fact that massive and coor-dinated efforts are required for their effective and long-term prevention. Human factors and poor driving performance are the most significant contributors to car accidents globally, as shown by a series of studies exploring the causes of traffic road accidents. Since road safety is a key concern in developing countries, our research focuses on the car driver behavioral risk factors in the Republic of Moldova.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive using a questionnaire was applied online via a Google form document among car drivers, between January-March 2022. Microsoft Excel was used for the statistical analyses.

Results: The questionnaire was completed by 257 respondents above 18 years, of which 61.9% were female and 38.1% were male, mostly with a category B license (73.5%) and majority from urban area (87.5%). More than half (55.6%) mention that drove a car daily and 30% of them have a drive experience of more than ten years. Respondents express great concern (71.2%) about the issue of traffic accidents, and 76.3% think that unsafe roads are a key contributing factor. At least once being involved as a driver in road accidents where medical care was needed was mentioned by 2.7% of respondents.

Conclusions: Educational programs and awareness campaigns about road safety among drivers and other vulnerable road users should be systematically organized.

Introduction: Around 950,000 children and teenagers die each year as a result of injuries and violence throughout the world. The most common cause of death for children under the age of five is trauma that occurs in the home environment.Aim of the study:: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents with children aged 0-5 years old regarding unintentional injuries among home environment.

Materials and methods: Parents of children under five years old were asked to complete a survey between October and December 2021, which was distributed online via social media. The questionnaire contained 43 items and was analyzed using Microsoft Excel.

Results: The questionnaire was completed by 300 parents with children up to 5 years old, mostly aged between 26-35 years old (72%), with high education (79,3%), of them 96% females, majority from urban areas (79,7%), with medium socio-economic status. Nearly 75% of respondents believe their child could get hurt at home, most commonly through an injury (42,7%), followed by ingesting foreign objects (22%). Falls were the primary cause of the majority of the child's accidents over the last year (60%) despite them being uncommon (54,7%) and infrequent (22%) in nature. Most often (54.7%), parents said that they see and hear their child all the time, but occasionally leave him for a short time. When their child suffered an injury at home, only 33,3% of parents sought medical attention.

Conclusion: The results of this study will allow for a greater focus on young children's safety in the household. By identifying and emphasizing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents with children 0-5 years old, we will be able to notify the necessary bodies and advise particular measures to prevent home environmental injuries.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries is a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. In Georgia, traumatic brain injuries remains one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. Traumatic brain injuries affect families, communities and societies in Georgia and have far-reaching human, social and economic costs, manifested in increased emergency department visits, hospitalizations, disability and deaths.The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological features of Traumatic Brain Injuries on the example of Medical Centre in Georgia which provides a first level trauma care for patients in the country.

Materials and methods: Retrospective observational study was conducted from August 1 to October 31, 2018. The study included patients who were admitted with a Traumatic Brain Injuries diagnosis and S00-S09.0 codes (ICD 10). SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: A total of 96 TBI-related hospitalizations were studied. 56.3% (n=54) of hospitalized patients were males. The average age of patients was 40.7 years. Furthermore, patients aged 25-44 years were more represented in the number of TBI-related hospitalizations (39.6%). 95.8% of all Traumatic brain injuries hospitalizations were as a result of unintentional injuries. Unintentional falls were shown to be the predominant mechanism of injury accounting for over half of TBI-related hospitalizations (56.2%). The second most common mechanism of injury is the road traffic injury, mostly occurring among males (63.9%).

Conclusion: This study offers an insight into understanding the epidemiological features of Traumatic Brain Injuries on the example of the National Medical Center from Georgia.

Introduction: Road traffic injuries are a global public health challenges and a leading cause of death and disability. This study examines the relationships between road traffic accident involvement, driving behaviors, and drivers' attitudes towards traffic safety in Georgia.

Material and methods: Behavior of 200 Georgian drivers were reported using a self-administered questionnaire. The criteria for inclusion in the study were residency of Georgia and at least one year of driving experience.

Results: A total of 200 Georgian drivers were interviewed. 59% of study participants felt that the road safety had not improved at all over the past ten years. 94% of respondents were involved in a road traffic accident as a driver. 99% of male drivers and 84% of female drivers have been fined for speeding in the last three years. 95% of males and 51% of females have experienced driving under the influence of alcohol once, and 2% of males and 43% of females have never driven under the influence of alcohol.

Conclusions: The study demonstrated that alcohol consumption, using mobile phones while driving and speeding are very common among drivers in Georgia.