Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279374
Hong Tang, Xianzhong Xie, Min Li, Qian Huang
In order to improve the system sum rate and energy efficiency of cognitive radio networks, this paper first gives a two-way amplify-and-forward (AF) relay scheme based on radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting and X-duplex. Energy harvesting technology is used to obtain energy from RF signals to achieve the simultaneous transmission of information and energy. At the same time, the interference signal is converted into energy to supply energy for energy-limited node devices. Further, through the power splitting protocol (PSR), the relay divides the received RF signal into two parts according to a certain power split factor, one for energy harvesting and the other for information processing. Besides, this paper presents an optimal power allocation algorithm based on maximum sum rate. Finally, the performance advantages of the proposed scheme are verified by MATLAB simulation.
{"title":"Two-Way AF Relay Scheme Based on RF Energy Harvesting and X-Duplex in Cognitive Network","authors":"Hong Tang, Xianzhong Xie, Min Li, Qian Huang","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279374","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the system sum rate and energy efficiency of cognitive radio networks, this paper first gives a two-way amplify-and-forward (AF) relay scheme based on radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting and X-duplex. Energy harvesting technology is used to obtain energy from RF signals to achieve the simultaneous transmission of information and energy. At the same time, the interference signal is converted into energy to supply energy for energy-limited node devices. Further, through the power splitting protocol (PSR), the relay divides the received RF signal into two parts according to a certain power split factor, one for energy harvesting and the other for information processing. Besides, this paper presents an optimal power allocation algorithm based on maximum sum rate. Finally, the performance advantages of the proposed scheme are verified by MATLAB simulation.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117280923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279392
S. B. M. Zaki, Mohd Haizal Abu Zarin, S. N. M. Rahim, M. H. Jusoh
This paper presents the Effective Link Budget for Nanosatellite (UiTMSAT-1) Communication Subsystem. The main objective of this design is to succeed in the Store-and-forward Mission for BIRDS-2 Project. The nanosatellite consists of several subsystems such as Electrical Power System (EPS), Communication system, Command and Data Handling system, Thermal system and few more which is important to establish the CubeSat functionality once launch into the LEO orbit. The communication subsystem link the CubeSat to the Ground Sensor Terminal (GST) through VHF frequency. Thus, an effective Link Budget analysis study is important to guarantee the communication can be established appropriately to minimize the signal losses and achieve the minimum connection requirement between the CubeSat and GST. The proposed link budget calculates the attenuation parameters such as satellite slant distance, Free-space Path Loss (FSPL), antenna polarization loss and others to make sure the communication link can be established properly. Therefore, the downlink and uplink margin for three different elevation angles are presented.
{"title":"Effective Link Budget for Nanosatellite (UiTMSAT-1) Communication Subsystem Store-and-Forward Mission","authors":"S. B. M. Zaki, Mohd Haizal Abu Zarin, S. N. M. Rahim, M. H. Jusoh","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279392","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Effective Link Budget for Nanosatellite (UiTMSAT-1) Communication Subsystem. The main objective of this design is to succeed in the Store-and-forward Mission for BIRDS-2 Project. The nanosatellite consists of several subsystems such as Electrical Power System (EPS), Communication system, Command and Data Handling system, Thermal system and few more which is important to establish the CubeSat functionality once launch into the LEO orbit. The communication subsystem link the CubeSat to the Ground Sensor Terminal (GST) through VHF frequency. Thus, an effective Link Budget analysis study is important to guarantee the communication can be established appropriately to minimize the signal losses and achieve the minimum connection requirement between the CubeSat and GST. The proposed link budget calculates the attenuation parameters such as satellite slant distance, Free-space Path Loss (FSPL), antenna polarization loss and others to make sure the communication link can be established properly. Therefore, the downlink and uplink margin for three different elevation angles are presented.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127882009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279381
Aymen Dheyaa Khaleel Al-Obaidi, M. F. Mansor, N. Misran, Mohammad Tausiful Islam
A rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) feeds by two microstrip taper with one is presented, one feed has grounded switch. This switch can control the frequency band. The step by step for the rectangular dielectric resonator antenna design is carried out. The overall antenna size is 30×40×11.635 mm. The proposed antenna achieves the goal of obtaining frequency reconfigurable. The – 10 impedance frequency range when switching off is from 2.705 to 3.02 GHz while switch on is from 3.09 to 3.3 GHz. In additional the proposed antennas have good radiation efficiency above 90%. The proposed antenna is suitable for Indoor Access point S-Band Applications.
{"title":"Study and Implementation Frequency Reconfigurable of Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using Ground Feed Switch for S Band Applications","authors":"Aymen Dheyaa Khaleel Al-Obaidi, M. F. Mansor, N. Misran, Mohammad Tausiful Islam","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279381","url":null,"abstract":"A rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) feeds by two microstrip taper with one is presented, one feed has grounded switch. This switch can control the frequency band. The step by step for the rectangular dielectric resonator antenna design is carried out. The overall antenna size is 30×40×11.635 mm. The proposed antenna achieves the goal of obtaining frequency reconfigurable. The – 10 impedance frequency range when switching off is from 2.705 to 3.02 GHz while switch on is from 3.09 to 3.3 GHz. In additional the proposed antennas have good radiation efficiency above 90%. The proposed antenna is suitable for Indoor Access point S-Band Applications.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126504125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279343
N. F. Naim, Rohaizah Wahab, S. S. Sarnin, N. Ya'acob, A. Idris, M. Zan, W. Muhamad
This paper presents on the design of a symmetric 40 Gb/s Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON) based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor for monitoring. The standards which is developed by International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) have a capability to serve a large number of customers for long reach bidirectional over 40 km with an aggregated data rate of 160 Gb/s. Therefore, it is capable to support future bandwidth demand from the access network technology of the Fiber to The Home (FTTH) since number of subscribers is keep increasing rapidly entire world. For that reason, fiber monitoring and fiber fault location are required to ensure the fiber cable network maintenance are manageable efficiently and cost effective. Thus, we proposed an inventive TWDM-PON design with its monitoring technique using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) and FBG. The design is simulated using OptiSystem simulation software. The design shows that it is capable for monitoring up to 32 optical network units (ONUs). The results show that the power received at ONU is −13.5 dBm, the excess power margin is 3 dBm and the monitoring power received is −37.18 dBm.
{"title":"Design of Time-Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON) with Monitoring System Based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)","authors":"N. F. Naim, Rohaizah Wahab, S. S. Sarnin, N. Ya'acob, A. Idris, M. Zan, W. Muhamad","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279343","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents on the design of a symmetric 40 Gb/s Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON) based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor for monitoring. The standards which is developed by International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) have a capability to serve a large number of customers for long reach bidirectional over 40 km with an aggregated data rate of 160 Gb/s. Therefore, it is capable to support future bandwidth demand from the access network technology of the Fiber to The Home (FTTH) since number of subscribers is keep increasing rapidly entire world. For that reason, fiber monitoring and fiber fault location are required to ensure the fiber cable network maintenance are manageable efficiently and cost effective. Thus, we proposed an inventive TWDM-PON design with its monitoring technique using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) and FBG. The design is simulated using OptiSystem simulation software. The design shows that it is capable for monitoring up to 32 optical network units (ONUs). The results show that the power received at ONU is −13.5 dBm, the excess power margin is 3 dBm and the monitoring power received is −37.18 dBm.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124802367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279371
N. Zulkifli, F. Iqbal, Arnidza Ramli, S. M. Idrus, Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi, Shafi Ullah, Amirul Hakim Hairon, Siti Hajar Asyikin Ishak, Munirah Mohommad, Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, M. V. Caya, I. Agulto
This paper presents a methodology to develop an irrigation system that determines the amount of water to be provided based on water loss due to evapotranspiration (ET) process. The computed amount of water was based on the data gathered from an automatic weather station (AWS) sensor suites installed in the plantation plot. Capsicum Annuum or commonly known as Chili is the crop of interest in the conducted study due to its popularity amongst Malaysians. The system comprises microcontroller with the integration of sensors, actuator and valve modules where each node serves as an IoT device. The environmental parameters are being monitored directly over the AWS console and remotely over mobile application that helps in the controls of each node and configuration settings for irrigation. The computed amount of water for irrigation is based on CIMIS Modified Penman model for the computation of the daily reference ET, ETo. Compared to the conventional irrigation method, it is anticipated that the proposed irrigation model would help in reducing water usage without compromising its produce.
{"title":"Evapotranspiration (ET)-Based Irrigation System with Internet of Things (IoT) Integration for Capsicum Annuum Farming: A Methodology","authors":"N. Zulkifli, F. Iqbal, Arnidza Ramli, S. M. Idrus, Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi, Shafi Ullah, Amirul Hakim Hairon, Siti Hajar Asyikin Ishak, Munirah Mohommad, Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, M. V. Caya, I. Agulto","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279371","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology to develop an irrigation system that determines the amount of water to be provided based on water loss due to evapotranspiration (ET) process. The computed amount of water was based on the data gathered from an automatic weather station (AWS) sensor suites installed in the plantation plot. Capsicum Annuum or commonly known as Chili is the crop of interest in the conducted study due to its popularity amongst Malaysians. The system comprises microcontroller with the integration of sensors, actuator and valve modules where each node serves as an IoT device. The environmental parameters are being monitored directly over the AWS console and remotely over mobile application that helps in the controls of each node and configuration settings for irrigation. The computed amount of water for irrigation is based on CIMIS Modified Penman model for the computation of the daily reference ET, ETo. Compared to the conventional irrigation method, it is anticipated that the proposed irrigation model would help in reducing water usage without compromising its produce.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124903229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279391
Tharak Sai Bobba, Veda Sree Bojanapally
IEEE 802.11ah, marketed as Wi-Fi HaLow, is the new Wireless LAN (WLAN) standard for the Internet of Things (IoT) with many enhancements to the 802.11 standard. One of the new features, mentioned as the Restricted AccessWindow (RAW), focuses on enhancing scalability in extremely dense deployments. RAW divides stations into groups and reduces contention and collisions by permitting channel access to one group at a time. However, the standard does not mandate any optimum RAW grouping strategy. Existing station grouping schemes for enhanced throughput and Quality of Service (QoS) considered a fixed number of groups, though it is one of the important factors in determining the overall throughput. In this paper, we have proposed a real-time grouping scheme non-constrained on the number of groups for homogeneous periodic traffic with the same QoS. The proposed scheme uses Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering for station grouping where fairness and throughput are used as metrics for distance measure and level selection. Level throughput is estimated from its clusters(groups), using a Neural Network regressor with a 3-dimensional input vector. Evaluation of the network is done after every beacon interval and optimum station grouping and group parameters are broadcasted before the start of a next beacon interval. The proposed model was tested against uniform grouping and random grouping, an improvement of 20%, and 50% in the normalized throughput was observed. Fairness ratio of 0.945 was achieved with the proposed model.
{"title":"Fair and Dynamic Channel Grouping Scheme for IEEE 802.11ah Networks","authors":"Tharak Sai Bobba, Veda Sree Bojanapally","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279391","url":null,"abstract":"IEEE 802.11ah, marketed as Wi-Fi HaLow, is the new Wireless LAN (WLAN) standard for the Internet of Things (IoT) with many enhancements to the 802.11 standard. One of the new features, mentioned as the Restricted AccessWindow (RAW), focuses on enhancing scalability in extremely dense deployments. RAW divides stations into groups and reduces contention and collisions by permitting channel access to one group at a time. However, the standard does not mandate any optimum RAW grouping strategy. Existing station grouping schemes for enhanced throughput and Quality of Service (QoS) considered a fixed number of groups, though it is one of the important factors in determining the overall throughput. In this paper, we have proposed a real-time grouping scheme non-constrained on the number of groups for homogeneous periodic traffic with the same QoS. The proposed scheme uses Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering for station grouping where fairness and throughput are used as metrics for distance measure and level selection. Level throughput is estimated from its clusters(groups), using a Neural Network regressor with a 3-dimensional input vector. Evaluation of the network is done after every beacon interval and optimum station grouping and group parameters are broadcasted before the start of a next beacon interval. The proposed model was tested against uniform grouping and random grouping, an improvement of 20%, and 50% in the normalized throughput was observed. Fairness ratio of 0.945 was achieved with the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"2 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114569677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279384
Abdul Ahad, Mohammad Tahir, M. Sheikh, Najmul Hassan, Kazi Istiaque Ahmed, Amna Mughees
5G technology will play a significant role in the next-generation smart healthcare network. D2D communication, one the key enabling technology of 5G, makes use of devices in the vicinity for resources utilization, reducing latency, improving data rates and increasing system capacity. The integration of multi-hop and cellular networks not only delivers reliability and Quality of Service (QoS) but also make the network adaptable and flexible. In next-generation multi-hop cellular D2D networks, clustering and routing are presents significant challenges. Therefore, if the clustering and routing decisions are not appropriately implemented, multi-hop network performance can be worse as compared to the traditional network. This is because clustering and routing play a significant role to manage network fragmentation and dynamic network topology, which are not present in a traditional cellular network. In this paper, we propose a clustering scheme based on game theory (i.e., mixed strategy) to select optimal cluster heads (CHs) and transmit data from a cluster head (CH) to base station (BS). The simulation results show that our proposed scheme is better than LEACH protocol in terms of a network lifetime and energy consumption. We used MATLAB environment to simulate our proposed scheme and compared with LEACH protocol.
{"title":"A Game Theory Based Clustering Scheme (GCS) for 5G-based Smart Healthcare","authors":"Abdul Ahad, Mohammad Tahir, M. Sheikh, Najmul Hassan, Kazi Istiaque Ahmed, Amna Mughees","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279384","url":null,"abstract":"5G technology will play a significant role in the next-generation smart healthcare network. D2D communication, one the key enabling technology of 5G, makes use of devices in the vicinity for resources utilization, reducing latency, improving data rates and increasing system capacity. The integration of multi-hop and cellular networks not only delivers reliability and Quality of Service (QoS) but also make the network adaptable and flexible. In next-generation multi-hop cellular D2D networks, clustering and routing are presents significant challenges. Therefore, if the clustering and routing decisions are not appropriately implemented, multi-hop network performance can be worse as compared to the traditional network. This is because clustering and routing play a significant role to manage network fragmentation and dynamic network topology, which are not present in a traditional cellular network. In this paper, we propose a clustering scheme based on game theory (i.e., mixed strategy) to select optimal cluster heads (CHs) and transmit data from a cluster head (CH) to base station (BS). The simulation results show that our proposed scheme is better than LEACH protocol in terms of a network lifetime and energy consumption. We used MATLAB environment to simulate our proposed scheme and compared with LEACH protocol.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125839582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279372
Emrah Öncü, R. Tutgun, Yakup Aydogan
In this paper, architecture and design aspects of a high data rate X-Band transmitter is discussed. The X-Band transmitter is used as a payload data downlink subsystem for an earth observation satellite with an altitude of 700 km. It has dual-channel structure and can support 160 Mb/s data rate per channel, and 320 Mb/s in total. The transmitter complies with CCSDS standards and is capable of performing concatenated channel coding which employs convolutional codes with rate (1/2) or (7/8) as inner code, and Reed-Solomon code with rate (223,255) as outer code to meet the bit error rate requirement of at most 1e-7.
{"title":"Dual-Channel X-Band Transmitter for Low Earth Orbit Satellites","authors":"Emrah Öncü, R. Tutgun, Yakup Aydogan","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279372","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, architecture and design aspects of a high data rate X-Band transmitter is discussed. The X-Band transmitter is used as a payload data downlink subsystem for an earth observation satellite with an altitude of 700 km. It has dual-channel structure and can support 160 Mb/s data rate per channel, and 320 Mb/s in total. The transmitter complies with CCSDS standards and is capable of performing concatenated channel coding which employs convolutional codes with rate (1/2) or (7/8) as inner code, and Reed-Solomon code with rate (223,255) as outer code to meet the bit error rate requirement of at most 1e-7.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132577771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279383
Rashad Aljijakli, K. Abdullah
Deploying femtocell overlays over LTE-A macrocellular networks is an effective way to overcome the scarcity of bandwidth, increase the network coverage, enhance the indoor users’ performance, and improve the quality of service. Nevertheless, it will bring the cross-tier interference issue to prominence leading to dramatic degradation of these networks’ performance if no strategy is taken to tackle this problem. Using the Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) concept can be one of the good solutions to manage this interference. This paper proposes an FFR scheme for LTE-A femtocell networks to handle the downlink cross-tier interference, generated between macro-cells and femtocells, in order to increase the Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) and improve the overall network performance. The simulation results obtained by MATLAB reveal the superiority of the proposed-FFR scheme over the non-FFR one; as both SINR and user throughput have been enhanced. Outage probability results also prove that the proposed scheme can effectively support more users.
{"title":"Cross-Tier Interference Avoidance Technique for LTE-A Femtocell Networks Using Fractional Frequency Reuse","authors":"Rashad Aljijakli, K. Abdullah","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279383","url":null,"abstract":"Deploying femtocell overlays over LTE-A macrocellular networks is an effective way to overcome the scarcity of bandwidth, increase the network coverage, enhance the indoor users’ performance, and improve the quality of service. Nevertheless, it will bring the cross-tier interference issue to prominence leading to dramatic degradation of these networks’ performance if no strategy is taken to tackle this problem. Using the Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) concept can be one of the good solutions to manage this interference. This paper proposes an FFR scheme for LTE-A femtocell networks to handle the downlink cross-tier interference, generated between macro-cells and femtocells, in order to increase the Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) and improve the overall network performance. The simulation results obtained by MATLAB reveal the superiority of the proposed-FFR scheme over the non-FFR one; as both SINR and user throughput have been enhanced. Outage probability results also prove that the proposed scheme can effectively support more users.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"100 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131745865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279370
S. S. Sarnin, Athirah Bt. Hussein, Danial B. Zahidi, N. F. Naim, Ros Shilawani S. Abdul Kadir, Mohd Nor Md Tan
This paper presents designing a Smart Monitoring System of Turbidity and Temperature of Water which to be applied at the river, sea as well as lake areas. Water is a crucial need for human survival, plants as well as animals. Due to Malaysia encountering a vast increase in population, industrial development as well as climate change, the level of water pollution is spiking affecting the aquatic lives as well as the source of water. The increased use of chemicals in industrial sectors and fertilizers in the farm has contributed extremely to the overall reduction of water quality. This is where the real-time water quality monitoring system comes in. This system is aimed to check the temperature of the water and to monitor the turbidity level in the water. Today, Remote Sensing (RS) techniques are used for monitoring, collecting and analyzing data in different areas of research. Hence, this low-cost water quality monitoring system’s prototype used electrochemical sensors to manage water quality parameters and notify the users Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technology. With the presence of Smart Monitoring System of Turbidity and Temperature of Water, the ease to monitor the environment is expected to be achieved to improve water quality. The outbreaks of water-borne diseases can be prevented, the life of the aquatics is well preserved, and the overall quality of life is enhanced with the availability of the good quality of water.
{"title":"Development of Water Quality System to Monitor Turbidity and Temperature of Water Using GSM Module","authors":"S. S. Sarnin, Athirah Bt. Hussein, Danial B. Zahidi, N. F. Naim, Ros Shilawani S. Abdul Kadir, Mohd Nor Md Tan","doi":"10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTT50966.2020.9279370","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents designing a Smart Monitoring System of Turbidity and Temperature of Water which to be applied at the river, sea as well as lake areas. Water is a crucial need for human survival, plants as well as animals. Due to Malaysia encountering a vast increase in population, industrial development as well as climate change, the level of water pollution is spiking affecting the aquatic lives as well as the source of water. The increased use of chemicals in industrial sectors and fertilizers in the farm has contributed extremely to the overall reduction of water quality. This is where the real-time water quality monitoring system comes in. This system is aimed to check the temperature of the water and to monitor the turbidity level in the water. Today, Remote Sensing (RS) techniques are used for monitoring, collecting and analyzing data in different areas of research. Hence, this low-cost water quality monitoring system’s prototype used electrochemical sensors to manage water quality parameters and notify the users Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technology. With the presence of Smart Monitoring System of Turbidity and Temperature of Water, the ease to monitor the environment is expected to be achieved to improve water quality. The outbreaks of water-borne diseases can be prevented, the life of the aquatics is well preserved, and the overall quality of life is enhanced with the availability of the good quality of water.","PeriodicalId":345344,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131424633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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