Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975527
B. Fahimi
Switched reluctance motors (SRM) have attracted considerable attention in industry over the past few years. Unique capabilities such as robustness, ease of closed loop control, low cost manufacturing, etc. are among the determining factors for this renewed interest. Today, SRM drives are among the main players for important automotive applications such as electrically assisted power steering, integrated starter alternators, and pumps. The same trend is observed in other sectors of industry such as home appliances, aerospace and heavy-duty mining equipment to name a few. The ongoing worldwide research and development on various aspects of SRM drives has resulted in substantial advancements. At Electro Standards Laboratories (ESL), we have developed a broad variety of innovative solutions for this emerging technology. This includes advanced magnetic design and novel configurations, self-tuning and adaptive control to enhance efficiency, specific control solutions to mitigate torque pulsation and radial vibration, and position sensorless control over the entire speed range. The goal of this article is to underline fundamentals of design for various parts of SRM drives namely machine, inverter and control.
{"title":"Design of adjustable speed switched reluctance motor drives","authors":"B. Fahimi","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975527","url":null,"abstract":"Switched reluctance motors (SRM) have attracted considerable attention in industry over the past few years. Unique capabilities such as robustness, ease of closed loop control, low cost manufacturing, etc. are among the determining factors for this renewed interest. Today, SRM drives are among the main players for important automotive applications such as electrically assisted power steering, integrated starter alternators, and pumps. The same trend is observed in other sectors of industry such as home appliances, aerospace and heavy-duty mining equipment to name a few. The ongoing worldwide research and development on various aspects of SRM drives has resulted in substantial advancements. At Electro Standards Laboratories (ESL), we have developed a broad variety of innovative solutions for this emerging technology. This includes advanced magnetic design and novel configurations, self-tuning and adaptive control to enhance efficiency, specific control solutions to mitigate torque pulsation and radial vibration, and position sensorless control over the entire speed range. The goal of this article is to underline fundamentals of design for various parts of SRM drives namely machine, inverter and control.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117239338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975976
M. Hinkkanen, J. Luomi
This paper deals with voltage model flux estimators for speed sensorless induction motor drives. In order to eliminate the drift problems, the pure integrator of the voltage model is replaced with a first-order low-pass filter, and the error due to this replacement is compensated. An effective way to calculate the compensation is presented, and the compensation is carried out before the low-pass filtering, in order to avoid dynamic errors.
{"title":"Modified integrator for voltage model flux estimation of induction motors","authors":"M. Hinkkanen, J. Luomi","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975976","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with voltage model flux estimators for speed sensorless induction motor drives. In order to eliminate the drift problems, the pure integrator of the voltage model is replaced with a first-order low-pass filter, and the error due to this replacement is compensated. An effective way to calculate the compensation is presented, and the compensation is carried out before the low-pass filtering, in order to avoid dynamic errors.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117209918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.976543
J. Rieber, D.G. Taylor
High-precision manufacturing tasks such as circuit-board assembly are often carried out with the use of gantry robots. One possible design allows motion along two axes, namely a beam moving along a frame and a head sliding along the beam. This configuration can be modeled as a linear parameter-varying system where the head position is the time-varying parameter. In this paper, a modified gain-scheduled H/sub /spl infin// control design method with parameter-dependent Lyapunov function is applied for motion control of an industry-grade flexible gantry robot beam with moving head. Availability of online head position measurements and knowledge about head velocity limits are incorporated in the control design process. The overall control objective is minimal settling time regarding beam positioning within a /spl plusmn/10 /spl mu/m range of the desired location. Simulation results show achievable performance for a detailed simulation model, and verify attenuation of beam vibrations and friction disturbances. Special considerations in the control design due to some major difficulties of the problem are presented.
{"title":"Gain-scheduled L/sub 2/-gain based control of a flexible parameter-varying robot link","authors":"J. Rieber, D.G. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.976543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.976543","url":null,"abstract":"High-precision manufacturing tasks such as circuit-board assembly are often carried out with the use of gantry robots. One possible design allows motion along two axes, namely a beam moving along a frame and a head sliding along the beam. This configuration can be modeled as a linear parameter-varying system where the head position is the time-varying parameter. In this paper, a modified gain-scheduled H/sub /spl infin// control design method with parameter-dependent Lyapunov function is applied for motion control of an industry-grade flexible gantry robot beam with moving head. Availability of online head position measurements and knowledge about head velocity limits are incorporated in the control design process. The overall control objective is minimal settling time regarding beam positioning within a /spl plusmn/10 /spl mu/m range of the desired location. Simulation results show achievable performance for a detailed simulation model, and verify attenuation of beam vibrations and friction disturbances. Special considerations in the control design due to some major difficulties of the problem are presented.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"23 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120873323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.976468
M. Ogita, K. Kobayashi, Y. Yamada, Y. Nakanishi, Y. Hatanaka
Gallium oxide thin film has properties of n-type semiconductor and high stability at high temperature. The resistivity of Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ changes with the concentration of oxygen in the thin film. On the basis of this principle, gallium oxide thin film for an oxygen sensor was deposited on the Si substrate from a sintered powder target by an RF magnetron sputtering system using Ar as the sputtering gas. The sputtering condition is an important factor to control the oxygen content of the Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ thin film and hence the response characteristics of the sensor. It has been found that electrical conductivity, gas sensitivity and rising response time of the thin film depend on sputtering pressure of Ar during the deposition process. It has also been clarified that gallium oxide thin film deposited in lower sputtering pressure shows higher electrical conductivity and rising response time, whereas the thin film deposited in higher sputtering pressure shows high gas sensitivity. These differences in characteristics of the deposited thin films may be considered due to the surface structure including grain boundary as revealed from the AFM observation.
{"title":"Properties of gallium oxide thin film sputtered from powder target for high temperature oxygen sensor","authors":"M. Ogita, K. Kobayashi, Y. Yamada, Y. Nakanishi, Y. Hatanaka","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.976468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.976468","url":null,"abstract":"Gallium oxide thin film has properties of n-type semiconductor and high stability at high temperature. The resistivity of Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ changes with the concentration of oxygen in the thin film. On the basis of this principle, gallium oxide thin film for an oxygen sensor was deposited on the Si substrate from a sintered powder target by an RF magnetron sputtering system using Ar as the sputtering gas. The sputtering condition is an important factor to control the oxygen content of the Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ thin film and hence the response characteristics of the sensor. It has been found that electrical conductivity, gas sensitivity and rising response time of the thin film depend on sputtering pressure of Ar during the deposition process. It has also been clarified that gallium oxide thin film deposited in lower sputtering pressure shows higher electrical conductivity and rising response time, whereas the thin film deposited in higher sputtering pressure shows high gas sensitivity. These differences in characteristics of the deposited thin films may be considered due to the surface structure including grain boundary as revealed from the AFM observation.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124418993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975572
J. Andrade, J. Ares, R. García, S. Rodríguez
Distributed systems are increasing their presence in daily activities, such as shopping with Visa card or withdrawing money from a cash machine, and their complexity. This situation suggests special attention when distributed systems are considered. Their inherent characteristics affect directly not only the obtained software, but also to the development process followed. The main problems in the development of this kind of system are the partition of the software and the allocation of the identified software fragments to the existing locations, to allow the system to work optimally and as a whole. In order to take into account these new aspects, a new process should be applied. This implies the definition of new stages within the development cycle, new definition of the existing ones, and definition of strategies for the partition and allocation tasks. This paper proposes the first draft of a method, which takes distribution explicitly into account. A particular project using this process is briefly presented too.
{"title":"A modified development process for distributed systems","authors":"J. Andrade, J. Ares, R. García, S. Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975572","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed systems are increasing their presence in daily activities, such as shopping with Visa card or withdrawing money from a cash machine, and their complexity. This situation suggests special attention when distributed systems are considered. Their inherent characteristics affect directly not only the obtained software, but also to the development process followed. The main problems in the development of this kind of system are the partition of the software and the allocation of the identified software fragments to the existing locations, to allow the system to work optimally and as a whole. In order to take into account these new aspects, a new process should be applied. This implies the definition of new stages within the development cycle, new definition of the existing ones, and definition of strategies for the partition and allocation tasks. This paper proposes the first draft of a method, which takes distribution explicitly into account. A particular project using this process is briefly presented too.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125906382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975965
E. Galván, J. Carrasco, R. Ortega, G. Escobar, A. Stanković
In this paper we are interested in the design of switching control strategies which, as pursued in classical direct torque control (DTC), are aimed to directly regulate two outputs: torque and flux amplitude. A criterion in terms of the error and/or the prediction in one-step-ahead on these outputs is proposed to design the switching sequence. As a result, a control vector, i.e., the switch position, is directly selected without the requirement of an auxiliary space vector or other modulation technique. We consider two types of criterion: quadratic and absolute value. Finally, experimental results following these two approaches are presented and compared with respect to the classical DTC.
{"title":"A family of switching control strategies for the reduction of torque ripple on the direct torque and flux control for induction motors","authors":"E. Galván, J. Carrasco, R. Ortega, G. Escobar, A. Stanković","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975965","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we are interested in the design of switching control strategies which, as pursued in classical direct torque control (DTC), are aimed to directly regulate two outputs: torque and flux amplitude. A criterion in terms of the error and/or the prediction in one-step-ahead on these outputs is proposed to design the switching sequence. As a result, a control vector, i.e., the switch position, is directly selected without the requirement of an auxiliary space vector or other modulation technique. We consider two types of criterion: quadratic and absolute value. Finally, experimental results following these two approaches are presented and compared with respect to the classical DTC.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126135122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.976497
Yudong Chen, S. Shi, Z. Weng
A novel fault diagnosis approach for discrete linear time-invariant descriptor systems is proposed in this paper. There are two highlights. (1) Through model transformation, a dynamic or static sub-system described by a regular difference equation or algebraic equation is extracted from the original system, and the resulting sub-systems are coupled with faults. (2) Based on the dynamic or static relationship between the faults and the known variables, the faults are identified by the least squares algorithm. The identification error of the faults, the selection of the threshold and the problems of model uncertainties and unknown disturbances are also analysed in this paper. A simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis approach.
{"title":"A novel fault diagnosis approach for a class of discrete descriptor systems","authors":"Yudong Chen, S. Shi, Z. Weng","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.976497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.976497","url":null,"abstract":"A novel fault diagnosis approach for discrete linear time-invariant descriptor systems is proposed in this paper. There are two highlights. (1) Through model transformation, a dynamic or static sub-system described by a regular difference equation or algebraic equation is extracted from the original system, and the resulting sub-systems are coupled with faults. (2) Based on the dynamic or static relationship between the faults and the known variables, the faults are identified by the least squares algorithm. The identification error of the faults, the selection of the threshold and the problems of model uncertainties and unknown disturbances are also analysed in this paper. A simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis approach.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124750576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.976001
H. Nakai, H. Ohtani, E. Satoh, Y. Inaguma
The purpose of this study is to develop a control method that increases the torque and the efficiency at all rotor speeds more than the ordinary current error feedback method. The method is composed of two compensators is proposed to achieve this purpose. One of the compensator controls the torque using the phase of voltages. Another one is the ordinary current error feedback. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed in the simulation and experiment examinations.
{"title":"Development and testing of the torque control for the permanent-magnet synchronous motor","authors":"H. Nakai, H. Ohtani, E. Satoh, Y. Inaguma","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.976001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.976001","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop a control method that increases the torque and the efficiency at all rotor speeds more than the ordinary current error feedback method. The method is composed of two compensators is proposed to achieve this purpose. One of the compensator controls the torque using the phase of voltages. Another one is the ordinary current error feedback. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed in the simulation and experiment examinations.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124830000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975994
M. Mamo, K. Ide, M. Sawamura, J. Oyama
In this paper a novel IPM motor rotor position extraction method using two reference-frames based on carrier frequency component signal, derived from PWM inverter switching, is presented. The method is utilized for IPM motor sensorless vector-control, extracting rotor position angle from switching carrier frequency (10 kHz) component current. The performance of two IPM motors' sensorless control when this method is used have been investigated. Experimental results demonstrating good dynamic and steady state performance achieved are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Novel rotor position extraction based on carrier frequency component method (CFCM) using two reference-frames for IPM drives","authors":"M. Mamo, K. Ide, M. Sawamura, J. Oyama","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975994","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel IPM motor rotor position extraction method using two reference-frames based on carrier frequency component signal, derived from PWM inverter switching, is presented. The method is utilized for IPM motor sensorless vector-control, extracting rotor position angle from switching carrier frequency (10 kHz) component current. The performance of two IPM motors' sensorless control when this method is used have been investigated. Experimental results demonstrating good dynamic and steady state performance achieved are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124848491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-29DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2001.975893
S. Serena, C. Qiao, K. Smedley
A control method for a single-phase active power filter (APF) is presented. The proposed method controls a half bridge shunt APF based on double-edge one-cycle control and mains current sensing. The half-bridge APF is connected in parallel to one or a group of nonlinear loads. The control goal is for the half-bridge APF to produce reactive and harmonic current that cancels the one generated by the nonlinear load. This control method dose not need to create a current reference, hence the burdensome obligation of dynamically sensing the load current as well as calculating the harmonics and reactive current components of the load, as required by most previously reported control methods, is eliminated. The control circuit contains an integrator with reset along with a few linear and logic components. No multipliers are used. No input voltage sensor is required. The operation switching frequency is nearly constant in most of the load range that is desirable for industry applications. The control method features wide stability, great simplicity, high reliability, and low cost. A 200 W prototype was built and experimental results are provided.
{"title":"A single-phase active power filter with double-edge integration control","authors":"S. Serena, C. Qiao, K. Smedley","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2001.975893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2001.975893","url":null,"abstract":"A control method for a single-phase active power filter (APF) is presented. The proposed method controls a half bridge shunt APF based on double-edge one-cycle control and mains current sensing. The half-bridge APF is connected in parallel to one or a group of nonlinear loads. The control goal is for the half-bridge APF to produce reactive and harmonic current that cancels the one generated by the nonlinear load. This control method dose not need to create a current reference, hence the burdensome obligation of dynamically sensing the load current as well as calculating the harmonics and reactive current components of the load, as required by most previously reported control methods, is eliminated. The control circuit contains an integrator with reset along with a few linear and logic components. No multipliers are used. No input voltage sensor is required. The operation switching frequency is nearly constant in most of the load range that is desirable for industry applications. The control method features wide stability, great simplicity, high reliability, and low cost. A 200 W prototype was built and experimental results are provided.","PeriodicalId":345608,"journal":{"name":"IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128634146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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