Pub Date : 2019-03-24DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332221
I. Torres, A. Horn, Rodrigo Silva Lemos
Water ecosystems are one of the most threaten environments due to anthropogenic pressures, among them the contamination of metals that are toxic to every life form. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the role of each compartment of a river system in metal dynamics using metal sediment concentration. To accomplish the objective sediments from several sites in a tropical river drainage basin were sampled comprising different types of compartments: : the river channel, the dry and wet inundation area and marginal lagoons, as well a pristine site with no anthropogenic impact. A Principal Component Analysis and the calculation of the Enrichment Factor and Index of Geoacummulation were conducted. The results showed that was no great difference of Index of Geoaccumulation among the different compartments. However, the Enrichment Factor was higher in wet inundation areas followed by dry soils from inundation areas and dry lagoons. Principal Component Analysis selected the metals Fe, Cu and Mg in axis 1, while axis 2 selected Mg and Ba. Although there was not a clear separation in the results of the multivariate analysis among sites across a transect, the analysis separated the compartments in relation to the concentration of metals. The results showed that each compartment had its own dynamics in relation to accumulation of metals present in the river basin. The study shows the importance of studying different types of habitats of a drainage basin to stablish best management practices.
{"title":"Metal dynamics in a tropical watershed: The São Francisco river and its compartments","authors":"I. Torres, A. Horn, Rodrigo Silva Lemos","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332221","url":null,"abstract":"Water ecosystems are one of the most threaten environments due to anthropogenic pressures, among them the contamination of metals that are toxic to every life form. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the role of each compartment of a river system in metal dynamics using metal sediment concentration. To accomplish the objective sediments from several sites in a tropical river drainage basin were sampled comprising different types of compartments: : the river channel, the dry and wet inundation area and marginal lagoons, as well a pristine site with no anthropogenic impact. A Principal Component Analysis and the calculation of the Enrichment Factor and Index of Geoacummulation were conducted. The results showed that was no great difference of Index of Geoaccumulation among the different compartments. However, the Enrichment Factor was higher in wet inundation areas followed by dry soils from inundation areas and dry lagoons. Principal Component Analysis selected the metals Fe, Cu and Mg in axis 1, while axis 2 selected Mg and Ba. Although there was not a clear separation in the results of the multivariate analysis among sites across a transect, the analysis separated the compartments in relation to the concentration of metals. The results showed that each compartment had its own dynamics in relation to accumulation of metals present in the river basin. The study shows the importance of studying different types of habitats of a drainage basin to stablish best management practices.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44881634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-24DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332133
Rilda Verônica Cardoso de Araripe, David Holanda de Oliveira, Maria Emília Travassos Rios Tomé, R. M. Mello, A. F. Barreto, A. N. Sial
This work presents the analysis of C and O isotope values behavior in the carapace of ostracodes and foraminifera from the Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin – PE. The analized samples were collected in three outcrops (Arrojado, Canastra and Cedro) located in the cities of Exu and Araripina. The de δ 18 O values ranged from -10.1‰ to -10.2‰ VPDB and the δ 13 C values ranged between -12,6‰ to +2.7‰ VPDB. The results for oxygen data indicate high temperature of waters and the deposition of marine limestones in all outcrops. For the carbon isotopic data in the Arrojado and Canastra outcrops, the values indicate an anoxic environment with high content of organic matter. In Cedro outcrop, a positive variation occurs indicating an increase in primary production, also associated to an anoxic event, and the positive values are interpreted as a transgressive pulse. These results indicate that Cedro outcrop, located in the middlesouth portion of the basin, has environmental characteristics with greater marine influence than in the Arrojado and Canastra outcrops, located in the southwest portion.
{"title":"Análise isotópica de oxigênio e carbono em microfósseis da Formação Romualdo, cretáceo inferior, bacia do Araripe, Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil","authors":"Rilda Verônica Cardoso de Araripe, David Holanda de Oliveira, Maria Emília Travassos Rios Tomé, R. M. Mello, A. F. Barreto, A. N. Sial","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332133","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the analysis of C and O isotope values behavior in the carapace of ostracodes and foraminifera from the Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin – PE. The analized samples were collected in three outcrops (Arrojado, Canastra and Cedro) located in the cities of Exu and Araripina. The de δ 18 O values ranged from -10.1‰ to -10.2‰ VPDB and the δ 13 C values ranged between -12,6‰ to +2.7‰ VPDB. The results for oxygen data indicate high temperature of waters and the deposition of marine limestones in all outcrops. For the carbon isotopic data in the Arrojado and Canastra outcrops, the values indicate an anoxic environment with high content of organic matter. In Cedro outcrop, a positive variation occurs indicating an increase in primary production, also associated to an anoxic event, and the positive values are interpreted as a transgressive pulse. These results indicate that Cedro outcrop, located in the middlesouth portion of the basin, has environmental characteristics with greater marine influence than in the Arrojado and Canastra outcrops, located in the southwest portion.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46398377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-24DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332197
P. Stein, Germano Melo Júnior, L. C. Souza
Agricultural reuse of the produced water is an efficient means for water resource management. However it is a potentially impacting activity to soil and groundwater, and thus requires environmental monitoring throughout the process. From this perspective, the present work aims at the monitoring of groundwater quality of karstic aquifer, located in the northeast of Brazil, where an irrigation experiment was carried out using PW of the Fazenda Belem oil field, in Ceara State, Brazil. Twelve monitoring wells were evaluated through a four-stage sampling program: the first before the installation of the irrigation experiment (CHA) and the other three, respectively, during (MO1), immediately at the end (MO2) and after the experiment (MO3). The climatic effect was also considered in the evaluation, since sampling events occurred in distinct seasonal periods: the first and the last at the end of the dry season and the second and third at the end of the wet season. Investigations were performed considering two groups of wells: upstream wells and downstream wells in relation to groundwater flow in the experimental area. For Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , total hardness, HCO 3 - , F - , As, B, Li and P, there was a tendency of increasing concentrations in the Monitoring sampling, in relation to CHA. However, since this scenario was verified in both sets of wells (upstream and downstream), its causes are probably related to natural factors. It was also observed that highest concentrations occur predominantly in the MO1 and MO2 sampling stages, that is, under the influence of the wet season, when water recharges promote dissolution of carbonate constituents present in the aquifer, thus increasing its dissolved concentration. Organic substances analyzed in groundwater were not detected or were detected at very low and dispersed concentrations and without any source specific signatures. Hence, their origin can be attributed to natural or diffuse inputs.
{"title":"Monitoring groundwater chemical composition at an experimental area irrigated with petroleum produced water","authors":"P. Stein, Germano Melo Júnior, L. C. Souza","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332197","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural reuse of the produced water is an efficient means for water resource management. However it is a potentially impacting activity to soil and groundwater, and thus requires environmental monitoring throughout the process. From this perspective, the present work aims at the monitoring of groundwater quality of karstic aquifer, located in the northeast of Brazil, where an irrigation experiment was carried out using PW of the Fazenda Belem oil field, in Ceara State, Brazil. Twelve monitoring wells were evaluated through a four-stage sampling program: the first before the installation of the irrigation experiment (CHA) and the other three, respectively, during (MO1), immediately at the end (MO2) and after the experiment (MO3). The climatic effect was also considered in the evaluation, since sampling events occurred in distinct seasonal periods: the first and the last at the end of the dry season and the second and third at the end of the wet season. Investigations were performed considering two groups of wells: upstream wells and downstream wells in relation to groundwater flow in the experimental area. For Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , total hardness, HCO 3 - , F - , As, B, Li and P, there was a tendency of increasing concentrations in the Monitoring sampling, in relation to CHA. However, since this scenario was verified in both sets of wells (upstream and downstream), its causes are probably related to natural factors. It was also observed that highest concentrations occur predominantly in the MO1 and MO2 sampling stages, that is, under the influence of the wet season, when water recharges promote dissolution of carbonate constituents present in the aquifer, thus increasing its dissolved concentration. Organic substances analyzed in groundwater were not detected or were detected at very low and dispersed concentrations and without any source specific signatures. Hence, their origin can be attributed to natural or diffuse inputs.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49134811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-24DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332188
Paulo Henrique Prado Stefano, Sillas Alves de Cristo, Ivan Pastro Gomes, Mirna Marierse Nepomuceno Santos
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as aguas superficiais e subterrâneas da regiao sudoeste da bacia hidrografica do Rio Subauma, que compreende os municipios de Alagoinhas, Aramari e Inhambupe, BA. Foram amostrados 9 pocos tubulares da regiao, entre eles pocos residenciais e de localidades publicas como escolas e predios da prefeitura. Alem disso, foram analisadas 6 amostras de aguas superficiais ao longo do rio, sendo que a primeira amostra foi coletada proxima a nascente e a ultima a jusante do povoado de Riacho da Guia. Foram analisados parâmetros como pH, cor, turbidez, ferro (Fe), manganes (Mn), amonia (NH 3 ), nitrato (NO 3 -), nitrito (NO 2 - ), solidos totais dissolvidos (STD), dureza, sodio (Na), potassio (K), magnesio (Mg), calcio (Ca) fosforo (P), fluoreto (F - ), sulfato (SO 4 ), cloreto (Cl - ), oxigenio dissolvido (OD), bicarbonato (HCO 3 - ) e carbonato (CO 3 2- ). As aguas subterrâneas foram classificadas em sua maioria como cloretadas sodica, com os ions Na e Cl em maior abundância. As aguas superficiais mostraram uma significante contaminacao antropica a qual aumenta quanto mais a jusante na bacia hidrografica. Os elevados teores de ferro tanto nas aguas superficiais como nas aguas subterrâneas foram atribuidos ao ferro contido na Formacao Barreiras. Por fim, as aguas da bacia podem ser utilizadas para fins de irrigacao sem grandes restricoes.
本研究旨在评估苏巴马河流域西南部地区的地表水和地下水，该地区包括阿拉巴马州阿拉戈尼亚斯市、亚拉马里市和英汉普市。对该地区的九个管状区域进行了采样，包括住宅和公共场所的区域，如学校和市政厅建筑。此外，还对沿河的6个地表水样本进行了分析，第一个样本在源头附近采集，最后一个样本在Riacho da Guia村下游采集。参数如pH、颜色、浊度、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、氨（NH3）、硝酸盐（NO3-）、亚硝酸盐（NO2-）、总溶解固体（STD）、硬度、钠（Na）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）、钙（Ca）、磷（P）、氟化物（F-）、硫酸盐（SO4）、氯化物（Cl-）、溶解氧（OD）、碳酸氢盐（HCO3-）和碳酸盐（CO3-）。地下水主要被归类为氯化钠，Na和Cl离子含量更高。地表水显示出明显的人为污染，这在流域下游进一步增加。地表和地下水中的高铁含量归因于屏障地层中所含的铁。最后，该流域的水可以用于灌溉目的，没有重大限制。
{"title":"Avaliação hidrogeoquímica das águas superficiais e subterrâneas na região sudoeste da bacia do rio Subaúma, Bahia","authors":"Paulo Henrique Prado Stefano, Sillas Alves de Cristo, Ivan Pastro Gomes, Mirna Marierse Nepomuceno Santos","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332188","url":null,"abstract":"O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as aguas superficiais e subterrâneas da regiao sudoeste da bacia hidrografica do Rio Subauma, que compreende os municipios de Alagoinhas, Aramari e Inhambupe, BA. Foram amostrados 9 pocos tubulares da regiao, entre eles pocos residenciais e de localidades publicas como escolas e predios da prefeitura. Alem disso, foram analisadas 6 amostras de aguas superficiais ao longo do rio, sendo que a primeira amostra foi coletada proxima a nascente e a ultima a jusante do povoado de Riacho da Guia. Foram analisados parâmetros como pH, cor, turbidez, ferro (Fe), manganes (Mn), amonia (NH 3 ), nitrato (NO 3 -), nitrito (NO 2 - ), solidos totais dissolvidos (STD), dureza, sodio (Na), potassio (K), magnesio (Mg), calcio (Ca) fosforo (P), fluoreto (F - ), sulfato (SO 4 ), cloreto (Cl - ), oxigenio dissolvido (OD), bicarbonato (HCO 3 - ) e carbonato (CO 3 2- ). As aguas subterrâneas foram classificadas em sua maioria como cloretadas sodica, com os ions Na e Cl em maior abundância. As aguas superficiais mostraram uma significante contaminacao antropica a qual aumenta quanto mais a jusante na bacia hidrografica. Os elevados teores de ferro tanto nas aguas superficiais como nas aguas subterrâneas foram atribuidos ao ferro contido na Formacao Barreiras. Por fim, as aguas da bacia podem ser utilizadas para fins de irrigacao sem grandes restricoes.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-24DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332143
I. Azevedo, Simone Souza de Moraes, Antônio Fernando de Souza Queiroz, Ana Carina Matos Silva, N. Escobar, F. Gonzaga
As associacoes de foraminiferos, alem de serem abundantes e apresentarem ampla distribuicao geografica, aproveitam as peculiaridades intrinsecas desses organismos de armazenarem em suas testas caracteristicas dos locais onde viveram. Nesse contexto, as testas desses organismos foram relacionadas aos teores de metais-traco do sedimento do sistema estuarino do rio Jequitinhonha, litoral sul da Bahia, com o objetivo de avaliar se os niveis desses elementos estao afetando a microfauna. Foram obtidas, para a regiao do canal, 281 testas de foraminiferos na primeira campanha (4,98% dos especimes foram coletados vivos; e nenhuma das testas estavam malformadas) pertencentes a 10 especies, das quais destacam-se Trochammina inflata; Haplophragmoides wilberti e Ammonia beccarii como especies principais. Na segunda amostragem, nao houve registro de foraminiferos, devido as baixas salinidades, impossibilitando a sobrevivencia ate das especies mais resistentes. Na zona de manguezal, na primeira campanha, foram obtidas 116 testas (5,1% de vivos; 0,0% de anomalos) de 10 especies destacaram-se Haplophragmoides wilberti ; Ammonia beccarii ; Quinqueloculina fusca e Q. venusta . Na segunda campanha, foram registradas apenas 143 testas (0,70% de vivos; 0,0% de anomalias) de 10 especies, destacaram-se 4 especies a saber: H. wilberti ; Trochammina inflata e Q. fusca , sendo que, o aumento do numero de testas, deve-se ao aumento da salinidade. Alem disso, foi observado, apenas na primeira campanha do canal do rio Pardo que somente o chumbo (pontos 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6) apresentou valores acima dos limites estabelecidos pelos orgaos de referencia (CONAMA - Brasil, 2012) e Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME, 1998).
{"title":"Estudo de caracterização geoquímica e das associações de foraminíferos parálicos do sistema estuarino do rio Jequitinhonha, litoral sul da Bahia","authors":"I. Azevedo, Simone Souza de Moraes, Antônio Fernando de Souza Queiroz, Ana Carina Matos Silva, N. Escobar, F. Gonzaga","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332143","url":null,"abstract":"As associacoes de foraminiferos, alem de serem abundantes e apresentarem ampla distribuicao geografica, aproveitam as peculiaridades intrinsecas desses organismos de armazenarem em suas testas caracteristicas dos locais onde viveram. Nesse contexto, as testas desses organismos foram relacionadas aos teores de metais-traco do sedimento do sistema estuarino do rio Jequitinhonha, litoral sul da Bahia, com o objetivo de avaliar se os niveis desses elementos estao afetando a microfauna. Foram obtidas, para a regiao do canal, 281 testas de foraminiferos na primeira campanha (4,98% dos especimes foram coletados vivos; e nenhuma das testas estavam malformadas) pertencentes a 10 especies, das quais destacam-se Trochammina inflata; Haplophragmoides wilberti e Ammonia beccarii como especies principais. Na segunda amostragem, nao houve registro de foraminiferos, devido as baixas salinidades, impossibilitando a sobrevivencia ate das especies mais resistentes. Na zona de manguezal, na primeira campanha, foram obtidas 116 testas (5,1% de vivos; 0,0% de anomalos) de 10 especies destacaram-se Haplophragmoides wilberti ; Ammonia beccarii ; Quinqueloculina fusca e Q. venusta . Na segunda campanha, foram registradas apenas 143 testas (0,70% de vivos; 0,0% de anomalias) de 10 especies, destacaram-se 4 especies a saber: H. wilberti ; Trochammina inflata e Q. fusca , sendo que, o aumento do numero de testas, deve-se ao aumento da salinidade. Alem disso, foi observado, apenas na primeira campanha do canal do rio Pardo que somente o chumbo (pontos 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6) apresentou valores acima dos limites estabelecidos pelos orgaos de referencia (CONAMA - Brasil, 2012) e Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME, 1998).","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42852005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-14DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332165
S. G. Campos, P. Santos, Luiz Augusto Ferreira-da-Silva, D. M. Pimentel, Igor Brumano Coelho Amaral, Arlete Barbosa dos Reis
Water is a fundamental natural resource for life, for economic development and for social well-being, having a infinity of uses, from the simplest to the most complex. However, it has gradually become a scarce resource that needs to be cared for with discernment. The quantity and quality of fresh water on the planet has always been essential to maintain life cycles, the biodiversity of organisms and the survival of the human species. It is necessary to know the quality of the water to determine what possible uses can be attributed to it. In this context, the present study had as its object the evaluation of the quality of the water that is sent to the environmental reserve, preserved by the State Institute of Forests (SIF), entitled Mata dos Ausentes Ecological Station (MAES). The study was carried out based on the collection of samples during drought and rainy season. The samples were collected at five points in which the study of the flow was carried out, as well as the physico-chemical parameters: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, Hardness, Turbidity, Nitrates, Chlorides, Manganese and Iron. At the end of the analyzes, a comparison was made of the results obtained with the flow rates at the sample points. It was possible to notice
水是生命、经济发展和社会福祉的基本自然资源，有着从最简单到最复杂的无限用途。然而，它已经逐渐成为一种稀缺资源，需要有洞察力地加以照顾。地球上淡水的数量和质量对于维持生命周期、生物多样性和人类物种的生存始终至关重要。有必要了解水的质量，以确定其可能的用途。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是评估被送往国家森林研究所（SIF）保护的环境保护区的水的质量。该保护区名为Mata dos Ausentes生态站（MAES）。这项研究是在干旱和雨季收集样本的基础上进行的。在进行流量研究的五个点收集样品，以及物理化学参数：化学需氧量（COD）、生化需氧量（BOD）、pH、硬度、浊度、硝酸盐、氯化物、锰和铁。在分析结束时，将获得的结果与采样点的流速进行比较。可以注意到
{"title":"Estação Ecológica Mata dos Ausentes (EEMA), Senador Modestino Gonçalves/Minas Gerais, e seus desafios: análise da vazão e qualidade dos corpos d'água na região do seu entorno","authors":"S. G. Campos, P. Santos, Luiz Augusto Ferreira-da-Silva, D. M. Pimentel, Igor Brumano Coelho Amaral, Arlete Barbosa dos Reis","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332165","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a fundamental natural resource for life, for economic development and for social well-being, having a infinity of uses, from the simplest to the most complex. However, it has gradually become a scarce resource that needs to be cared for with discernment. The quantity and quality of fresh water on the planet has always been essential to maintain life cycles, the biodiversity of organisms and the survival of the human species. It is necessary to know the quality of the water to determine what possible uses can be attributed to it. In this context, the present study had as its object the evaluation of the quality of the water that is sent to the environmental reserve, preserved by the State Institute of Forests (SIF), entitled Mata dos Ausentes Ecological Station (MAES). The study was carried out based on the collection of samples during drought and rainy season. The samples were collected at five points in which the study of the flow was carried out, as well as the physico-chemical parameters: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, Hardness, Turbidity, Nitrates, Chlorides, Manganese and Iron. At the end of the analyzes, a comparison was made of the results obtained with the flow rates at the sample points. It was possible to notice","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46628518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-14DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332175
Manuel Vitor Portugal Gonçalves, R. Santos, Antônio Ramos-Junnior, Carlos Alberto Machado Coutinho, M. Cruz, Mônica Prisgsheim da Cunha
This research aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the groundwater of the municipalities of Feira da Mata and Santana, in western Bahia, with an emphasis on the distribution of fluoride concentrations. Water was collected in fifteen wells drilled in the pellet-carbonate rocks of the Bambuí Group in the year 2012. The physicochemical variables were measured in situ by means of a multiparameter probe. The analysis of cations given up by ICP-OES and anions by titrimetry, spectrophotometry and colorimetry (SPANSD) (F). In the municipality of Feira da Mata, bicarbonated calcium (87%) and sodium bicarbonate (13%) occurred, in which the fluoride levels exceeded the fluoride potability limit for 13% of the wells. In the municipality of Santana, bicarbonated calcium or mixed calcium (63%) and sodium bicarbonate (23%) waters were representative, in which the fluoride levels exceeded the potability limit for 40% of the wells. The distribution of fluoride levels in the groundwater of the municipalities of Feira da Mata and Santana indicates that the quality monitoring of these and the epidemiological surveillance of dental caries or fluorosis should be prioritized.
{"title":"Flúor nas águas subterrâneas dos municípios de Feira da Mata e Santana (BA): comparação dos teores do fluoreto e seu significado na saúde da população","authors":"Manuel Vitor Portugal Gonçalves, R. Santos, Antônio Ramos-Junnior, Carlos Alberto Machado Coutinho, M. Cruz, Mônica Prisgsheim da Cunha","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019332175","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the groundwater of the municipalities of Feira da Mata and Santana, in western Bahia, with an emphasis on the distribution of fluoride concentrations. Water was collected in fifteen wells drilled in the pellet-carbonate rocks of the Bambuí Group in the year 2012. The physicochemical variables were measured in situ by means of a multiparameter probe. The analysis of cations given up by ICP-OES and anions by titrimetry, spectrophotometry and colorimetry (SPANSD) (F). In the municipality of Feira da Mata, bicarbonated calcium (87%) and sodium bicarbonate (13%) occurred, in which the fluoride levels exceeded the fluoride potability limit for 13% of the wells. In the municipality of Santana, bicarbonated calcium or mixed calcium (63%) and sodium bicarbonate (23%) waters were representative, in which the fluoride levels exceeded the potability limit for 40% of the wells. The distribution of fluoride levels in the groundwater of the municipalities of Feira da Mata and Santana indicates that the quality monitoring of these and the epidemiological surveillance of dental caries or fluorosis should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42878771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331050
A. Fernandes, F. D. Conceição, Eder Paulo Spatti-Junior, Antonio Aparecido Couto-Junior, J. Mortatti
A influencia do controle climatico sobre as taxas de remocao de solos e de intemperismo quimico na bacia do Rio Sorocaba, SP, foi avaliada a partir da caracterizacao fisico-quimica das aguas fluviais e quantificacao do TSS em dois pontos de amostragem (S1 e S2), e dos fluxos fluviais de TSS e TDS, apos a correcao dos aportes atmosfericos e antropicos, no periodo de jun/2009 a jun/2010. Foram estabelecidos de 12 cenarios baseados na variacao das vazoes ao longo do periodo de estudo, associando a cada um deles as respectivas concentracoes de TSS, TDS, SiO 2 e cations dissolvidos. Os fluxos fluviais corrigidos dos aportes atmosfericos e antropicos calculados para S1 e S2 permitiram determinar as taxas de remocao de solos (W M ) e de intemperismo quimico das rochas (W Ch ) na Bacia do Rio Sorocaba, ou seja, 49,5 e 9,6 m/Ma em S1 e de 12,8 e 7,6 m/Ma em S2, respectivamente. O balanco entre estas taxas evidenciou uma maior remocao de solos em S1 (W M ≈ 5,2 W Ch ), em comparacao a S2 (W M ≈ 1,7 W Ch ). O processo de intemperismo quimico de rochas avaliado pelo indice R E indicou tendencia para o dominio da monossialitizacao. Os cenarios propostos corroboraram a influencia do clima nos processos intempericos, com predominio dos processos de intemperismo quimico das rochas nos cenarios relacionados as condicoes climaticas de baixa pluviosidade e temperaturas mais amenas, e o predominio dos processos de remocao dos solos em condicoes mais chuvosas e temperaturas mais elevadas.
climatico控制remocao利率的影响在流域化学风化的土壤和评价,从圣保罗高层物理caracterizacao -quimica河水域和quantificacao TSS在两个采样点(S1和S2)和流河TSS的correcao TDS,后摄入atmosfericos和antropicos拖累君/ 2009 / 2010。根据研究期间流量的变化，建立了12个情景，每个情景都与TSS、TDS、sio2和溶解阳离子的浓度相关联。调整后的流河atmosfericos和antropicos计算摄入的S1和S2使确定土壤remocao利率(W - M)和化学风化的岩石(W - Ch)流域,即5和9,49岁,硕士6米/ 1号7 8 - 12和6米/ S2,硕士学位。这些速率之间的平衡表明，S1 (W M≈5.2 W Ch)的土壤迁移率高于S2 (W M≈1.7 W Ch)。用R指数评价了岩石的化学风化过程，表明岩石具有单硅化主导作用的趋势。所提出的情景证实了气候对风化过程的影响，在与低降雨和温和温度气候条件相关的情景中，岩石的化学风化过程占优势，而在多雨和高温条件下，土壤移动过程占优势。
{"title":"Modelagem do controle climático nas taxas de erosão mecânica e de intemperismo químico na bacia do Rio Sorocaba (SP)","authors":"A. Fernandes, F. D. Conceição, Eder Paulo Spatti-Junior, Antonio Aparecido Couto-Junior, J. Mortatti","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331050","url":null,"abstract":"A influencia do controle climatico sobre as taxas de remocao de solos e de intemperismo quimico na bacia do Rio Sorocaba, SP, foi avaliada a partir da caracterizacao fisico-quimica das aguas fluviais e quantificacao do TSS em dois pontos de amostragem (S1 e S2), e dos fluxos fluviais de TSS e TDS, apos a correcao dos aportes atmosfericos e antropicos, no periodo de jun/2009 a jun/2010. Foram estabelecidos de 12 cenarios baseados na variacao das vazoes ao longo do periodo de estudo, associando a cada um deles as respectivas concentracoes de TSS, TDS, SiO 2 e cations dissolvidos. Os fluxos fluviais corrigidos dos aportes atmosfericos e antropicos calculados para S1 e S2 permitiram determinar as taxas de remocao de solos (W M ) e de intemperismo quimico das rochas (W Ch ) na Bacia do Rio Sorocaba, ou seja, 49,5 e 9,6 m/Ma em S1 e de 12,8 e 7,6 m/Ma em S2, respectivamente. O balanco entre estas taxas evidenciou uma maior remocao de solos em S1 (W M ≈ 5,2 W Ch ), em comparacao a S2 (W M ≈ 1,7 W Ch ). O processo de intemperismo quimico de rochas avaliado pelo indice R E indicou tendencia para o dominio da monossialitizacao. Os cenarios propostos corroboraram a influencia do clima nos processos intempericos, com predominio dos processos de intemperismo quimico das rochas nos cenarios relacionados as condicoes climaticas de baixa pluviosidade e temperaturas mais amenas, e o predominio dos processos de remocao dos solos em condicoes mais chuvosas e temperaturas mais elevadas.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48584424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331098
E. R. Rochedo, D. Silva, Christiano de Luca, Pedro R. R. Rochedo, Maria Angélica Vergara Wasserman, D. Perez
The assessment of protective and remediation measures for rural areas is more complex than that for urban areas, due to the strong influence of large number of parameters and variables associated with climate, diet, eating habits, farming practices and the type of soil in the area. Thus, it is not possible to perform generic studies applicable to any kind of area. Specific studies and surveys should be made in the areas most likely to be contaminated due to a nuclear accident. Considering the Brazilian Nuclear Power Central, the prioritization of areas was based on radiological and economic aspects. This preliminary study demonstrated that the different soil types in Brazil are more relevant to the ingestion dose than the regional differences in the diets. The most relevant product for public dose was identified as the ingestion of milk. The contribution of milk to total ingestion dose depends on the season of the year when the accident occurs. The timing of the application of the measure has an important effect on the percentage dose reduction that can be achieved. In particular for I-131, protective measures related to milk ingestion must be considered within the emergency phase in order to be effective.
{"title":"Estudo preliminar para a remediação de áreas rurais após um acidente nuclear ou radiológico","authors":"E. R. Rochedo, D. Silva, Christiano de Luca, Pedro R. R. Rochedo, Maria Angélica Vergara Wasserman, D. Perez","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331098","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of protective and remediation measures for rural areas is more complex than that for urban areas, due to the strong influence of large number of parameters and variables associated with climate, diet, eating habits, farming practices and the type of soil in the area. Thus, it is not possible to perform generic studies applicable to any kind of area. Specific studies and surveys should be made in the areas most likely to be contaminated due to a nuclear accident. Considering the Brazilian Nuclear Power Central, the prioritization of areas was based on radiological and economic aspects. This preliminary study demonstrated that the different soil types in Brazil are more relevant to the ingestion dose than the regional differences in the diets. The most relevant product for public dose was identified as the ingestion of milk. The contribution of milk to total ingestion dose depends on the season of the year when the accident occurs. The timing of the application of the measure has an important effect on the percentage dose reduction that can be achieved. In particular for I-131, protective measures related to milk ingestion must be considered within the emergency phase in order to be effective.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41548860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331076
Mariana S. G. Silva, Beatriz Cestaro Pichinelli, F. D. Conceição, Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi, L. N. M. Yabuki, A. A. Menegário, Maria Lúcia Pereira Antunes
Alguns elementos sao considerados toxicos mesmo em baixas concentracoes, causando diversos problemas de saude publica. O cadmio e amplamente utilizado em atividades industriais e pode causar contaminacao do solo e da agua. A lama vermelha foi estudada para uso como adsorvente na remocao de elementos, compostos de aguas residuais e/ou de solo contaminado. No entanto, existem varios compostos e tratamentos que ainda nao foram testados. Neste estudo, o potencial de adsorcao Cd (II) para lama vermelha natural (LV) e lama vermelha ativada por tratamento termico a 400°C (LVT) e tratamento quimico com HCl a 0,05 mol L -1 (LVQ1) e com Ca (NO 3 ) 2 0,1 mol L -1 (LVQ2) foi avaliado. A LV e a LVT apresentaram maior percentual de adsorcao de Cd (II) em solucao aquosa. A isoterma de Freundlich foi mais apropriada para descrever o fenomeno da remocao de Cd (II), a lama vermelha ativada termicamente teve a maior capacidade de adsorcao, 1,04 mmol de g -1 ou 107,52 mg de g -1 . Esses resultados indicam que a LVT tem potencial para uso em aplicacoes que tratam efluentes e/ou solo contaminado da atividade industrial. Palavras-chave: Cd (II), lama vermelha, adsorcao, cinetica, termodinâmica.
{"title":"Adsorção de Cd(II) por lama vermelha natural e com diferentes ativações","authors":"Mariana S. G. Silva, Beatriz Cestaro Pichinelli, F. D. Conceição, Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi, L. N. M. Yabuki, A. A. Menegário, Maria Lúcia Pereira Antunes","doi":"10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21715/GB2358-2812.2019331076","url":null,"abstract":"Alguns elementos sao considerados toxicos mesmo em baixas concentracoes, causando diversos problemas de saude publica. O cadmio e amplamente utilizado em atividades industriais e pode causar contaminacao do solo e da agua. A lama vermelha foi estudada para uso como adsorvente na remocao de elementos, compostos de aguas residuais e/ou de solo contaminado. No entanto, existem varios compostos e tratamentos que ainda nao foram testados. Neste estudo, o potencial de adsorcao Cd (II) para lama vermelha natural (LV) e lama vermelha ativada por tratamento termico a 400°C (LVT) e tratamento quimico com HCl a 0,05 mol L -1 (LVQ1) e com Ca (NO 3 ) 2 0,1 mol L -1 (LVQ2) foi avaliado. A LV e a LVT apresentaram maior percentual de adsorcao de Cd (II) em solucao aquosa. A isoterma de Freundlich foi mais apropriada para descrever o fenomeno da remocao de Cd (II), a lama vermelha ativada termicamente teve a maior capacidade de adsorcao, 1,04 mmol de g -1 ou 107,52 mg de g -1 . Esses resultados indicam que a LVT tem potencial para uso em aplicacoes que tratam efluentes e/ou solo contaminado da atividade industrial. Palavras-chave: Cd (II), lama vermelha, adsorcao, cinetica, termodinâmica.","PeriodicalId":34597,"journal":{"name":"Geochimica Brasiliensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43986745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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