Riparian ecosystems are among the most dynamic and complex systems in nature, which are transitional areas between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including perennial, intermittent and ephemeral streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, wetlands, and estuaries. Riparian areas are connected with water bodies not only through surface and subsurface geohydrology but also by reciprocal fluxes of energy, nutrients, matter, organisms, and provide many ecosystem functions, such as supporting natural biodiversity, enhancing biological production, water infiltration, nutrient transformation and contaminant removal, flood and erosion control. Riparian areas create ecological corridors to link different ecosystems and form a network across the landscape. Through these biophysical processes, healthy riparian areas provide a variety of ecosystem services to humans, including food, clean water, flood and erosion control, and natural areas for recreation and aesthetics. However, human-nature interactions in riparian areas are challenged by historical, current and upcoming environmental, economic and social problems caused by anthropogenic disturbances across scales from local land use change to global climate change. In past over 100 years, there is a substantial body of literature on riparian topics. Between 1900 and 2011, 11582 publications with the keyword of “riparian” were retrieved from the ISI Web of Knowledge Web of Science through the topic search on “riparian”. The Citation Databases used for the search were SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH (all from 1900 to present), and A&HCI (from 1975 to present). Early literature related to riparian topic mainly focused on riparian law and water law (about 40 publications during 1900-1970). Since 1970, a large body of literature showed the explosion of information covering vegetation, animal, habitat, and hydrologic topics. Over the last two decades, knowledge about riparian ecology, biophysical processes, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services, conservation and management has significantly increased, and at the present day the substantial numbers of such publications have been growing (Figure 1). Indeed, the numbers of publications per year in different topic terms such as riparian ecosystem, conservation, riparian ecology, and riparian ecosystem functioning, have been steadily increasing from 1990, or for the case of riparian ecosystem services, from
河岸生态系统是自然界中最动态和最复杂的系统之一，它是陆地和水生生态系统之间的过渡区域，包括多年生、间歇和短暂的溪流、河流、池塘、湖泊、湿地和河口。河岸区不仅通过地表和地下地质水文与水体相连，而且通过能量、养分、物质、生物的相互流动与水体相连，并提供多种生态系统功能，如支持自然生物多样性、促进生物生产、水渗透、养分转化和污染物去除、洪水和侵蚀控制等。河岸区创造生态走廊，连接不同的生态系统，形成横跨景观的网络。通过这些生物物理过程，健康的河岸区为人类提供各种生态系统服务，包括食物、清洁水、洪水和侵蚀控制，以及休闲和美学的自然区域。然而，从当地土地利用变化到全球气候变化，人为干扰在历史、当前和未来的尺度上引起了环境、经济和社会问题，对河岸地区的人与自然相互作用提出了挑战。在过去的100多年里，关于河岸的研究已经有了大量的文献。1900 - 2011年，在ISI Web of Knowledge Web of Science中通过“riparian”主题检索检索到以“riparian”为关键词的出版物11582篇。用于检索的引文数据库为SCI-EXPANDED、SSCI、CPCI-S、CPCI-SSH(从1900年至今)和A&HCI(从1975年至今)。早期与河岸主题相关的文献主要集中在河岸法和水法方面(1900-1970年间约有40篇)。自1970年以来，大量文献显示了涵盖植被、动物、栖息地和水文主题的信息爆炸式增长。在过去的二十年中，关于河岸生态学、生物物理过程、生态系统功能和生态系统服务、保护和管理的知识显著增加，目前此类出版物的大量数量一直在增长(图1)。事实上，自1990年以来，每年在不同主题术语(如河岸生态系统、保护、河岸生态学和河岸生态系统功能)方面的出版物数量一直在稳步增加。或者对于河岸生态系统服务，从
{"title":"Editorial Riparian Ecology and Conservation: The Home of Cutting-edge Research on Riparian Biophysical Processes, Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functions and Services","authors":"Yixin Zhang","doi":"10.2478/REMC-2013-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/REMC-2013-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Riparian ecosystems are among the most dynamic and complex systems in nature, which are transitional areas between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including perennial, intermittent and ephemeral streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, wetlands, and estuaries. Riparian areas are connected with water bodies not only through surface and subsurface geohydrology but also by reciprocal fluxes of energy, nutrients, matter, organisms, and provide many ecosystem functions, such as supporting natural biodiversity, enhancing biological production, water infiltration, nutrient transformation and contaminant removal, flood and erosion control. Riparian areas create ecological corridors to link different ecosystems and form a network across the landscape. Through these biophysical processes, healthy riparian areas provide a variety of ecosystem services to humans, including food, clean water, flood and erosion control, and natural areas for recreation and aesthetics. However, human-nature interactions in riparian areas are challenged by historical, current and upcoming environmental, economic and social problems caused by anthropogenic disturbances across scales from local land use change to global climate change. In past over 100 years, there is a substantial body of literature on riparian topics. Between 1900 and 2011, 11582 publications with the keyword of “riparian” were retrieved from the ISI Web of Knowledge Web of Science through the topic search on “riparian”. The Citation Databases used for the search were SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH (all from 1900 to present), and A&HCI (from 1975 to present). Early literature related to riparian topic mainly focused on riparian law and water law (about 40 publications during 1900-1970). Since 1970, a large body of literature showed the explosion of information covering vegetation, animal, habitat, and hydrologic topics. Over the last two decades, knowledge about riparian ecology, biophysical processes, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services, conservation and management has significantly increased, and at the present day the substantial numbers of such publications have been growing (Figure 1). Indeed, the numbers of publications per year in different topic terms such as riparian ecosystem, conservation, riparian ecology, and riparian ecosystem functioning, have been steadily increasing from 1990, or for the case of riparian ecosystem services, from","PeriodicalId":347139,"journal":{"name":"Riparian Ecology and Conservation","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116515097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah Riedl, L. Marczak, Natalie A. McLenaghan, Trent M. Hoover
Abstract Discharge-driven shifts in the wetted area of streams can modify the amount of leaf litter resources available to stream consumers as well as the physical conditions to which leaf litter is exposed. The consequences of this continual movement from wet to dry storage for rates of organic matter processing and resource availability to benthic communities are poorly understood. We used a 30-day field experiment during the period of maximum stream contraction to examine the effects of stranding on black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) leaf litter decomposition rates and associated changes in microbial respiration in a forested stream in western Montana. Leaf litter was enclosed in both coarse and fine mesh bags and moved from the wetted area of the stream to the stream bank in six treatments designed to mimic a gradient of dry exposure due to stranding. We also measured existing accumulations of organic material in quadrats placed in both wet and dry areas of the stream. The total storage of litter resources (ash-free dry mass, g m2) retained on dry stream banks increased steadily as stream flow decreased, resulting from reductions in wetted width and continuous inputs from terrestrial zones. In contrast, total mass of stored litter submerged in the stream channel remained relatively constant. Leaf decomposition rates increased as a function of time inundated and were fastest in the presence of macroinvertebrates. Our results suggest that prolonged stranding can alter fundamental processes and energy pathways in stream food webs by shifting pools of resources from the active channel to dry storage on riverbanks where decomposition is driven primarily by microbial processes. Since the length of time that leaf litter is inundated prior to stranding alters decomposition rates, changes in stream hydrograph variability (as a consequence of land management practices or incipient climate change) has the potential to alter energy flow through stream systems. In particular, dry storage may function as a type of ‘temporal subsidy’ for stream organisms particularly if slowly decomposing stranded leaf litter is re-entrained during periods when in-stream detrital resources are otherwise scarce.
{"title":"The role of stranding and inundation on leaf litter decomposition in headwater streams","authors":"Hannah Riedl, L. Marczak, Natalie A. McLenaghan, Trent M. Hoover","doi":"10.2478/remc-2013-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/remc-2013-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Discharge-driven shifts in the wetted area of streams can modify the amount of leaf litter resources available to stream consumers as well as the physical conditions to which leaf litter is exposed. The consequences of this continual movement from wet to dry storage for rates of organic matter processing and resource availability to benthic communities are poorly understood. We used a 30-day field experiment during the period of maximum stream contraction to examine the effects of stranding on black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) leaf litter decomposition rates and associated changes in microbial respiration in a forested stream in western Montana. Leaf litter was enclosed in both coarse and fine mesh bags and moved from the wetted area of the stream to the stream bank in six treatments designed to mimic a gradient of dry exposure due to stranding. We also measured existing accumulations of organic material in quadrats placed in both wet and dry areas of the stream. The total storage of litter resources (ash-free dry mass, g m2) retained on dry stream banks increased steadily as stream flow decreased, resulting from reductions in wetted width and continuous inputs from terrestrial zones. In contrast, total mass of stored litter submerged in the stream channel remained relatively constant. Leaf decomposition rates increased as a function of time inundated and were fastest in the presence of macroinvertebrates. Our results suggest that prolonged stranding can alter fundamental processes and energy pathways in stream food webs by shifting pools of resources from the active channel to dry storage on riverbanks where decomposition is driven primarily by microbial processes. Since the length of time that leaf litter is inundated prior to stranding alters decomposition rates, changes in stream hydrograph variability (as a consequence of land management practices or incipient climate change) has the potential to alter energy flow through stream systems. In particular, dry storage may function as a type of ‘temporal subsidy’ for stream organisms particularly if slowly decomposing stranded leaf litter is re-entrained during periods when in-stream detrital resources are otherwise scarce.","PeriodicalId":347139,"journal":{"name":"Riparian Ecology and Conservation","volume":"31 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116593476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Riparian zone provides a variety of resources to organisms, including availability of water and subsidies. Water availability in riparian areas influences species distribution and trophic interaction of terrestrial food webs. Cross-ecosystem subsidies as resource flux of additional energy, nutrients, and materials benefit riparian populations and communities (e.g. plants, spiders, lizards, birds and mammals). However, aquatic ecosystems and riparian zones are prone to anthropogenic disturbances, which change water availability and affect the flux dynamics of cross-system subsidies. Yet, we still lack sufficient empirical studies assessing impacts of disturbances of land use, climate change and invasive species individually and interactively on aquatic and riparian ecosystems through influencing subsidy resource availability. In filling this knowledge gap, we can make more effective efforts to protect and conserve riparian habitats and biodiversity, and maintain riparian ecosystem functioning and services.
{"title":"Importance of Riparian Zone: Effects of Resource Availability at Land-water Interface","authors":"H. Xiang, Yixin Zhang, J. Richardson","doi":"10.1515/remc-2016-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/remc-2016-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Riparian zone provides a variety of resources to organisms, including availability of water and subsidies. Water availability in riparian areas influences species distribution and trophic interaction of terrestrial food webs. Cross-ecosystem subsidies as resource flux of additional energy, nutrients, and materials benefit riparian populations and communities (e.g. plants, spiders, lizards, birds and mammals). However, aquatic ecosystems and riparian zones are prone to anthropogenic disturbances, which change water availability and affect the flux dynamics of cross-system subsidies. Yet, we still lack sufficient empirical studies assessing impacts of disturbances of land use, climate change and invasive species individually and interactively on aquatic and riparian ecosystems through influencing subsidy resource availability. In filling this knowledge gap, we can make more effective efforts to protect and conserve riparian habitats and biodiversity, and maintain riparian ecosystem functioning and services.","PeriodicalId":347139,"journal":{"name":"Riparian Ecology and Conservation","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131724638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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