Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1914
C. I. Alarima, M. Busari, J. Awotunde, O. O. Olaniyi, T. Masunaga, T. Wakatsuki
This study investigated the physico-chemical and geochemical properties of soils under sawah in Nigeria. It was found that soils under sawah were majorly sandy loam to sandy clay loam having acidic reactions, low exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na. These soils were deficient in available P, SiO2, S, Total Nitrogen and Total Carbon while SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 dominated total elemental composition, accounting for a cumulative average of 96.16%. Except total elemental TiO2 and K2O which showed average values >1%, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O and P2O5 showed average values <1%. Soils under sawah exhibited intermediated to extreme weathering degree with majority of the soil sampled falling into the category of extreme weathering. With extreme degree of weathering, rapid loss of mobile species such as basic cations from soil is imminent which may account for the results observed in this study. Thus, combination of conservative agricultural practices is recommended.
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS UNDER SAWAH SYSTEM OF INLAND VALLEYS IN NIGERIA","authors":"C. I. Alarima, M. Busari, J. Awotunde, O. O. Olaniyi, T. Masunaga, T. Wakatsuki","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1914","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the physico-chemical and geochemical properties of soils under sawah in Nigeria. It was found that soils under sawah were majorly sandy loam to sandy clay loam having acidic reactions, low exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na. These soils were deficient in available P, SiO2, S, Total Nitrogen and Total Carbon while SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 dominated total elemental composition, accounting for a cumulative average of 96.16%. Except total elemental TiO2 and K2O which showed average values >1%, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O and P2O5 showed average values <1%. Soils under sawah exhibited intermediated to extreme weathering degree with majority of the soil sampled falling into the category of extreme weathering. With extreme degree of weathering, rapid loss of mobile species such as basic cations from soil is imminent which may account for the results observed in this study. Thus, combination of conservative agricultural practices is recommended. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128646715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1911
C. Afolami, I. B. Ogungbenro
Cocoyam belongs to the indispensable food category that supplies calorie in the diet of the Nigerian populace. However, researches on its nutrition and economic values are scarce leading to low production and under consumption among the populace. Against the backdrop of the great potential of the Nigerian agriculture in cocoyam production, and the need for land use efficiency, sustainable development, poverty alleviation, attainment of food –security/ self-sufficiency and adequate resource allocation to the production of the crop, this study examined farm level profit efficiency and its determinants for smallholder cocoyam-based farmers in Osun State, South-west Nigeria, using Cobb-Douglas stochastic profit function. Multistage and random sampling techniques were used to select 180 small-holder cocoyam farmers during the 2014 growing season and data were collected from them on their socio-economic and production characteristics. Maximum likelihood estimates of the specified models revealed an average profit efficiency of 44.88 percent which indicated that the profit of the farmers can be increased by 55 percent with the same production cost. The study also found that the level of education of the farmers, access to credit, farming experience, household size, access to extension services, and marital status are factors affecting farm-level profit efficiency in the use of resources. Farm-level policies aimed at promoting the farmers education, access to credit, access to extension services and marital status are recommended for improved profit efficiency.
{"title":"PROFIT EFFICIENCY OF SMALLHOLDER COCOYAM-BASED FARMERS AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"C. Afolami, I. B. Ogungbenro","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1911","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoyam belongs to the indispensable food category that supplies calorie in the diet of the Nigerian populace. However, researches on its nutrition and economic values are scarce leading to low production and under consumption among the populace. Against the backdrop of the great potential of the Nigerian agriculture in cocoyam production, and the need for land use efficiency, sustainable development, poverty alleviation, attainment of food –security/ self-sufficiency and adequate resource allocation to the production of the crop, this study examined farm level profit efficiency and its determinants for smallholder cocoyam-based farmers in Osun State, South-west Nigeria, using Cobb-Douglas stochastic profit function. Multistage and random sampling techniques were used to select 180 small-holder cocoyam farmers during the 2014 growing season and data were collected from them on their socio-economic and production characteristics. Maximum likelihood estimates of the specified models revealed an average profit efficiency of 44.88 percent which indicated that the profit of the farmers can be increased by 55 percent with the same production cost. The study also found that the level of education of the farmers, access to credit, farming experience, household size, access to extension services, and marital status are factors affecting farm-level profit efficiency in the use of resources. Farm-level policies aimed at promoting the farmers education, access to credit, access to extension services and marital status are recommended for improved profit efficiency. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1913
B. Abiona, O. Oragwu
This study determined the effect organizational commitment on employee's job satisfaction in Ogun-Oshun River Basin, Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire on one hundred and ten (110) respondents using simple random sampling techniques. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Chi-square and Person Product Moment Correlation. Results revealed the mean age of respondents in the study area was 42 years and majority (63.6%) were males. Also, Majority (92.7%) of the respondents perceived that organizational commitment is high in the study area. Reasons adduced for this was punctuality at work (=4.40) and co-operation with colleagues to facilitate completion of tasks within the organization (=4.39). More so, major satisfaction indicators were advancement for promotion ( = 4.20) and right to enjoy leave (=4.01). The results also show that significant relationship existed between income(r= 0.035, p< 0.05), sex (χ2= 55.12, p < 0.05), marital status (χ2= 241.40, p<0.05), organizational commitment (r= 0.417, P < 0.05), constraints faced (r=0.528, p< 0.05) by respondents and their job satisfaction. The study concluded that employees enjoy cooperation from the organisation and factors that will enhance employee’s commitment in attainment of organisational sustainability is highly recommended.
{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYEE’S JOB SATISFACTION IN OGUN-OSHUN RIVER BASIN(OORBDA), OGUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"B. Abiona, O. Oragwu","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1913","url":null,"abstract":"This study determined the effect organizational commitment on employee's job satisfaction in Ogun-Oshun River Basin, Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire on one hundred and ten (110) respondents using simple random sampling techniques. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Chi-square and Person Product Moment Correlation. Results revealed the mean age of respondents in the study area was 42 years and majority (63.6%) were males. Also, Majority (92.7%) of the respondents perceived that organizational commitment is high in the study area. Reasons adduced for this was punctuality at work (=4.40) and co-operation with colleagues to facilitate completion of tasks within the organization (=4.39). More so, major satisfaction indicators were advancement for promotion ( = 4.20) and right to enjoy leave (=4.01). The results also show that significant relationship existed between income(r= 0.035, p< 0.05), sex (χ2= 55.12, p < 0.05), marital status (χ2= 241.40, p<0.05), organizational commitment (r= 0.417, P < 0.05), constraints faced (r=0.528, p< 0.05) by respondents and their job satisfaction. The study concluded that employees enjoy cooperation from the organisation and factors that will enhance employee’s commitment in attainment of organisational sustainability is highly recommended. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115250917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1909
A. Idowu, W. Abdul, A. Alimi, M. Tijani
The study was carried out on the biological aspect of Redbelly Tilapia, Coptodon zillii collected from Oyan Lake, Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria, with the aim of contributing to the baseline data for carrying out further studies on its ecology, conservation and development. A total of two hundred and fifty four fish (254) specimens were caught from the Ibaro landing site of the Lake between March and July, 2015. The total length (cm), standard length (cm), head length (cm), body width (cm), body depth (cm), snout length (cm), eye diameter (cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The stomach content was also assessed in order to determine its food and feeding habit. The mean total-length, standard-length, head-length, eye-diameter, snout-length, body-depth, body-width and body-weight during the study were 10.98±0.61cm, 8.56±0.14cm, 2.5±0.08cm, 3.67±0.15cm, 1.52±0.11cm,1.37±0.17cm, 4.05±0.07cm, 34.25±3.02g respectively and their ranges were (4.5-18.7cm), (3.2-15.2cm), (1.1-5.8cm), (2.0-6.8cm), (0.8-3.0cm), (1.1-4.8cm), (1.4-7.3cm) and (6.0-132.0g). A negative allometric (b<3) growth pattern was observed for the stock. The meristic characteristics of C. zillii were (DFR) XIV 10 – XVI 14; PVR, AFR III 8 –III 9; PFR 10 – 13 respectively. Stomach analysis showed that diatoms were the most abundant food items in the diet of C. zillii numerically, 29.98%, while desmids were the most abundant food items in terms of frequency occurrence, 27.82%. This study concluded that C. zillii is not morphometrically and meristically different from the already classified from previous studies. Also, C. zillii thrives well on available plants and detritus.
本研究对尼日利亚奥贡州Abeokuta North Local Government Area的Oyan Lake采集的红腹罗非鱼Coptodon zillii的生物学方面进行了研究，目的是为开展其生态学、保护和发展的进一步研究提供基线数据。2015年3月至7月期间，在该湖的伊巴洛登陆点共捕获了254条鱼。测量体长(cm)、标准体长(cm)、头长(cm)、体宽(cm)、体深(cm)、口长(cm)、眼直径(cm)、体重(g)。还对胃内容物进行了评估，以确定其食物和摄食习惯。研究期间平均体长、标准体长、头长、眼径、鼻长、体深、体宽、体重分别为10.98±0.61cm、8.56±0.14cm、2.5±0.08cm、3.67±0.15cm、1.52±0.11cm、1.37±0.17cm、4.05±0.07cm、34.25±3.02g，范围分别为(4.5 ~ 18.7cm)、(3.2 ~ 15.2cm)、(1.1 ~ 5.8cm)、(2.0 ~ 6.8cm)、(0.8 ~ 3.0cm)、(1.1 ~ 4.8cm)、(1.4 ~ 7.3cm)、(6.0 ~ 132.0g)。观察到种群呈负异速生长(b<3)模式。紫百合分生特征为(DFR) XIV 10 ~ XVI 14;Pvr，后8 -后9;PFR分别为10 - 13。胃分析结果表明，硅藻是紫棘球蚴日粮中数量最多的食物，占29.98%，而硅藻是出现频率最高的食物，占27.82%。本研究认为，在形态计量学和分生统计学上，紫锥菊与以往研究中已经分类的紫锥菊并无差异。此外，紫百合在可用的植物和碎屑上生长良好。
{"title":"PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON RED BELLY TILAPIA COPTODON ZILLII CAUGHT FROM OYAN DAM, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. Idowu, W. Abdul, A. Alimi, M. Tijani","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1909","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out on the biological aspect of Redbelly Tilapia, Coptodon zillii collected from Oyan Lake, Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria, with the aim of contributing to the baseline data for carrying out further studies on its ecology, conservation and development. A total of two hundred and fifty four fish (254) specimens were caught from the Ibaro landing site of the Lake between March and July, 2015. The total length (cm), standard length (cm), head length (cm), body width (cm), body depth (cm), snout length (cm), eye diameter (cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The stomach content was also assessed in order to determine its food and feeding habit. The mean total-length, standard-length, head-length, eye-diameter, snout-length, body-depth, body-width and body-weight during the study were 10.98±0.61cm, 8.56±0.14cm, 2.5±0.08cm, 3.67±0.15cm, 1.52±0.11cm,1.37±0.17cm, 4.05±0.07cm, 34.25±3.02g respectively and their ranges were (4.5-18.7cm), (3.2-15.2cm), (1.1-5.8cm), (2.0-6.8cm), (0.8-3.0cm), (1.1-4.8cm), (1.4-7.3cm) and (6.0-132.0g). A negative allometric (b<3) growth pattern was observed for the stock. The meristic characteristics of C. zillii were (DFR) XIV 10 – XVI 14; PVR, AFR III 8 –III 9; PFR 10 – 13 respectively. Stomach analysis showed that diatoms were the most abundant food items in the diet of C. zillii numerically, 29.98%, while desmids were the most abundant food items in terms of frequency occurrence, 27.82%. This study concluded that C. zillii is not morphometrically and meristically different from the already classified from previous studies. Also, C. zillii thrives well on available plants and detritus. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125317135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1838
A. I. Ali, T. Y. Riilwanu
This study examined the level of water scarcity across Kazaure town, Jigawa State and the strategies employed by public and private agencies to increase their resilience toward access to affordable and safe clean water supply. Water scarcity is one of the major challenges affecting the livelihood of people in Kazaure town. The aim of the study was to examine water scarcity at micro level, in Kazaure town. A total of 1520 samples were selected which constituted 0.4% of the total population. The respondents were selected using availability sampling at water collection points of which only 1500 questionnaires were successfully returned and 20 were not. The data was analysed using simple descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) single factor. Results revealed that 20% of the sampled population has resorted to land leasing near water sources for their farming activities, 53% has stopped dry season farming in the area of fishing, 45% of the sample respondents have stopped fishing while 56.5% indicated that they have resorted to providing their water needs by themselves. The study revealed that there are only 60 hand pump boreholes in the whole of Kazaure. The ANOVA test also indicated that there were no significant differences in terms of water sources between the settlements at 0.05 level (P 0.067) and there were significant differences in terms of water facility types between the settlements at 0.05 level of significance (P 0.046). It was established from the study that water scarcity has negatively affected livelihood activities in the study area. The paper recommends that private sectors should be encouraged to pool resources together to provide and improve water supply projects and state and local government should provide more mechanical powered bore holes in the areas for effective water supply.
{"title":"CHALLENGES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WATER SCARCITY: NEED FOR PUBLIC- PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN KAZAURE TOWN, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. I. Ali, T. Y. Riilwanu","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1838","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the level of water scarcity across Kazaure town, Jigawa State and the strategies employed by public and private agencies to increase their resilience toward access to affordable and safe clean water supply. Water scarcity is one of the major challenges affecting the livelihood of people in Kazaure town. The aim of the study was to examine water scarcity at micro level, in Kazaure town. A total of 1520 samples were selected which constituted 0.4% of the total population. The respondents were selected using availability sampling at water collection points of which only 1500 questionnaires were successfully returned and 20 were not. The data was analysed using simple descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) single factor. Results revealed that 20% of the sampled population has resorted to land leasing near water sources for their farming activities, 53% has stopped dry season farming in the area of fishing, 45% of the sample respondents have stopped fishing while 56.5% indicated that they have resorted to providing their water needs by themselves. The study revealed that there are only 60 hand pump boreholes in the whole of Kazaure. The ANOVA test also indicated that there were no significant differences in terms of water sources between the settlements at 0.05 level (P 0.067) and there were significant differences in terms of water facility types between the settlements at 0.05 level of significance (P 0.046). It was established from the study that water scarcity has negatively affected livelihood activities in the study area. The paper recommends that private sectors should be encouraged to pool resources together to provide and improve water supply projects and state and local government should provide more mechanical powered bore holes in the areas for effective water supply. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116564217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1918
T. Oyedele, I. Kehinde, C. Afolabi, E. Oyedeji
One of the limitations of African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis sternocarpa) is poor storage ability due to the adverse effect of seed-borne fungi. This study was conducted to examine the effects of storage methods on nutritive composition of AYB seeds stored in three types of storage materials viz; jute bags, polypropylene bags and plastic bowls. Freshly harvested AYB seeds were stored in all the storage materials for 6 months using 2 × 3 factorial (2 AYB cultivars and 3 storage methods) in 3 replicates. The proximate analysis of the stored AYB seeds was carried out at 3 and 6 months after storage using standard methods. The temperature and relative humidity of the store room were recorded monthly. Seeds stored in jute bags gave the best values for crude protein (24.87%), ash (5.69%) and fat content (6.64%) but recorded least values for crude fibre (2.55%), carbohydrate (50.86%) and moisture content (12.68%) at the 6th month of storage. Temperature of the store room decreased from 32.9 ºC - 28.3ºC, while the relative humidity increased from 78% - 86%. Decreased incidence of field fungi namely: Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Geotricum candidum, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor meihei was accompanied by increase in storage fungi viz: Apergillus niger, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium espansum and Penicillium atrovenetum with prolonged storage. The study showed that out of the three storage materials, jute bag was more effective in preserving AYB seeds.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF STORAGE METHODS AND MYCOFLORA ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF AFRICAN YAM BEAN (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochust ex Rich ) SEEDS","authors":"T. Oyedele, I. Kehinde, C. Afolabi, E. Oyedeji","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1918","url":null,"abstract":"One of the limitations of African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis sternocarpa) is poor storage ability due to the adverse effect of seed-borne fungi. This study was conducted to examine the effects of storage methods on nutritive composition of AYB seeds stored in three types of storage materials viz; jute bags, polypropylene bags and plastic bowls. Freshly harvested AYB seeds were stored in all the storage materials for 6 months using 2 × 3 factorial (2 AYB cultivars and 3 storage methods) in 3 replicates. The proximate analysis of the stored AYB seeds was carried out at 3 and 6 months after storage using standard methods. The temperature and relative humidity of the store room were recorded monthly. Seeds stored in jute bags gave the best values for crude protein (24.87%), ash (5.69%) and fat content (6.64%) but recorded least values for crude fibre (2.55%), carbohydrate (50.86%) and moisture content (12.68%) at the 6th month of storage. Temperature of the store room decreased from 32.9 ºC - 28.3ºC, while the relative humidity increased from 78% - 86%. Decreased incidence of field fungi namely: Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Geotricum candidum, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor meihei was accompanied by increase in storage fungi viz: Apergillus niger, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium espansum and Penicillium atrovenetum with prolonged storage. The study showed that out of the three storage materials, jute bag was more effective in preserving AYB seeds. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125267027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1922
U. Okah, G. Okeke, A. I. Ukanwoko, T. Adewole
A study was carried out to compare the use of blood meal and fish meal as protein sources in single phase feeding of broiler chickens. Three isonitrogenious and isocaloric diets containing between 20.5 to 21.1 % CP and 3440 to 3454 kcal/kg ME were formulated. The control diet contained none of the animal protein sources while the other two diets contained blood meal and fish meal at 6%, respectively. After six weeks of straight feeding, data were collected on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Carcass characteristics and cost benefit were also calculated. The results indicated that birds fed fish meal based diet consumed more feed (p< 0.05) than those on control diet, while intake of those on blood meal based diet was an interphase between the control and fish meal based diet groups. The birds fed fish meal based diet also recorded higher (p< 0.05) daily weight gain than those on control and blood meal based diets. Feed conversion ratio was better in the group fed fish meal based diet than those fed the control diet, but similar (p> 0.05) to the group fed the blood meal based diet. The dressing percentage of the birds was similar (p>0.05) in the control and blood meal based diet groups, but they were higher (p<0.05) than the fish meal based diet group. The neck, back, drumstick and head were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control group than in the groups containing animal protein. Cost benefit analysis showed that feed cost and cost per kg weight gain were higher (p< 0.05) in fish meal based diet group than in control and blood meal based diet groups. Revenue per bird and gross margin were higher (p< 0.05) in the blood meal based diet group than in the control diet and fish meal based diet groups. In conclusion, fast growing broiler chickens for eatery houses can be better reared with a single diet of 21 % CP and 3440 kcal/kg ME using blood meal as a protein source. Keywords: , , , , , ,
{"title":"EVALUATION OF TWO ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES IN SINGLE PHASE FEEDING OF BROILER CHICKENS","authors":"U. Okah, G. Okeke, A. I. Ukanwoko, T. Adewole","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1922","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out to compare the use of blood meal and fish meal as protein sources in single phase feeding of broiler chickens. Three isonitrogenious and isocaloric diets containing between 20.5 to 21.1 % CP and 3440 to 3454 kcal/kg ME were formulated. The control diet contained none of the animal protein sources while the other two diets contained blood meal and fish meal at 6%, respectively. After six weeks of straight feeding, data were collected on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Carcass characteristics and cost benefit were also calculated. The results indicated that birds fed fish meal based diet consumed more feed (p< 0.05) than those on control diet, while intake of those on blood meal based diet was an interphase between the control and fish meal based diet groups. The birds fed fish meal based diet also recorded higher (p< 0.05) daily weight gain than those on control and blood meal based diets. Feed conversion ratio was better in the group fed fish meal based diet than those fed the control diet, but similar (p> 0.05) to the group fed the blood meal based diet. The dressing percentage of the birds was similar (p>0.05) in the control and blood meal based diet groups, but they were higher (p<0.05) than the fish meal based diet group. The neck, back, drumstick and head were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control group than in the groups containing animal protein. Cost benefit analysis showed that feed cost and cost per kg weight gain were higher (p< 0.05) in fish meal based diet group than in control and blood meal based diet groups. Revenue per bird and gross margin were higher (p< 0.05) in the blood meal based diet group than in the control diet and fish meal based diet groups. In conclusion, fast growing broiler chickens for eatery houses can be better reared with a single diet of 21 % CP and 3440 kcal/kg ME using blood meal as a protein source. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: , , , , , , \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115413484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1836
O. M. Olosunde, I. Aiyelaagbe, J. Bodunde, D. Agboola
Orchids are of importance primarily for their horticultural appeal and accounts for 8% of the world floricultural trade. Scorpion orchid (Arachnis maingayi Hook) is highly prized for its beautiful long lasting flowers, but it is under-exploited in many countries including Nigeria. There is the need to determine the best type of cutting and growing medium protocols for commercial production of this species. Seven homogenous growing media (sawdust, topsoil, charcoal, coconut husk, wood shavings, maize cobs and rice husk) and two types of cutting (apical and non-apical) were compared in a factorial experiment laid out in Completely Randomized Design with six replications at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria between 2010 and 2012. Data collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry weight, days to spiking, length and number of spike, size and number of florets were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD at p ≤ 0.05 to separate treatment means. Apical cuttings were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) superior to non-apical cuttings in terms of all parameters assessed except floret diameter which was statistically similar. For growing medium, dry matter accumulation and spike yield were in the order of charcoal > rice husk > maize cob > topsoil > wood shavings > coconut husk. Apical cuttings planted in charcoal or rice husk gave the best results relative to other media. Thus, apical cutting is the best propagating technique and charcoal or rice husk is the best growing medium for scorpion orchid cultivation.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF CUTTING AND GROWING MEDIUM ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF SCORPION ORCHID (Arachnis maingayi) Hook.f. Schltr","authors":"O. M. Olosunde, I. Aiyelaagbe, J. Bodunde, D. Agboola","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1836","url":null,"abstract":"Orchids are of importance primarily for their horticultural appeal and accounts for 8% of the world floricultural trade. Scorpion orchid (Arachnis maingayi Hook) is highly prized for its beautiful long lasting flowers, but it is under-exploited in many countries including Nigeria. There is the need to determine the best type of cutting and growing medium protocols for commercial production of this species. Seven homogenous growing media (sawdust, topsoil, charcoal, coconut husk, wood shavings, maize cobs and rice husk) and two types of cutting (apical and non-apical) were compared in a factorial experiment laid out in Completely Randomized Design with six replications at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria between 2010 and 2012. Data collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry weight, days to spiking, length and number of spike, size and number of florets were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD at p ≤ 0.05 to separate treatment means. Apical cuttings were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) superior to non-apical cuttings in terms of all parameters assessed except floret diameter which was statistically similar. For growing medium, dry matter accumulation and spike yield were in the order of charcoal > rice husk > maize cob > topsoil > wood shavings > coconut husk. Apical cuttings planted in charcoal or rice husk gave the best results relative to other media. Thus, apical cutting is the best propagating technique and charcoal or rice husk is the best growing medium for scorpion orchid cultivation. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"237-240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130731173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1915
A. Olubode, A. Soretire, Nurudeen Olatunbosun Adeyemi
Organic production methods which include the exclusion of chemical approach of soil amendment have been observed to improve plant growth and preserve the soil health and biodiversity of production environment. A study was conducted at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, to examine the influence of organic manure and wood ash on the abundance of soil microorganisms, organic carbon and yield of soybean in acid soil. The study consisted of three rates of wood ash (0, 2.5 and 5.0 t ha-1) and three rates of cow dung (0, 5.0 and 10.0 t ha-1) arranged in completely randomized design, replicated three times. Soybean variety TGX 1485 – ID was sown into 5 kg. The results showed that wood ash application at 5.0 t ha-1 significantly increased the soil pH (6.6), organic carbon (7.48) and soil microbial population (110 × 104 cfu g-1) compared to lower rate of 2.5 t ha-1 and control, which resulted in highest number of pods (7.7) and grain yield (14.2 g per plant) at harvest. Cow dung treatment of 10 t ha-1 significantly had highest soil organic carbon (7.39%) at 8 WAP and soil microbial population (21.1 and 91.4 × 104 cfu g-1) at 4 and 8 WAP respectively. These findings indicate that application of wood ash may be an acceptable alternative liming agent to the inorganic soil amendment and higher soybean productivity.
有机生产方法包括排除土壤改良剂的化学方法，已被观察到改善植物生长，保持土壤健康和生产环境的生物多样性。阿贝奥库塔联邦农业大学进行了一项研究，以检验有机肥和木灰对酸性土壤中土壤微生物丰度、有机碳和大豆产量的影响。试验采用完全随机设计，采用3种浓度的木灰(0、2.5和5.0 t ha-1)和3种浓度的牛粪(0、5.0和10.0 t ha-1)，重复试验3次。大豆品种tgx1485 - ID播种5公斤。结果表明，与2.5 t ha-1和对照相比，5.0 t ha-1施木灰显著提高了土壤pH值(6.6)、有机碳(7.48)和土壤微生物数量(110 × 104 cfu -1)，收获时荚果数(7.7)和籽粒产量(每株14.2 g)最高。10 t hm -1处理的牛粪在8 WAP时土壤有机碳含量最高(7.39%)，土壤微生物数量在4和8 WAP时分别为21.1和91.4 × 104 cfu -1。这些结果表明，施用木灰可能是无机土壤改良剂的一种可接受的替代石灰剂，可以提高大豆的生产力。
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MANURE AND WOOD ASH ON THE ABUNDANCE OF SOIL MICROORGANISMS, ORGANIC CARBON AND GRAIN YIELD OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERRILL) IN ACID SOIL","authors":"A. Olubode, A. Soretire, Nurudeen Olatunbosun Adeyemi","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1915","url":null,"abstract":"Organic production methods which include the exclusion of chemical approach of soil amendment have been observed to improve plant growth and preserve the soil health and biodiversity of production environment. A study was conducted at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, to examine the influence of organic manure and wood ash on the abundance of soil microorganisms, organic carbon and yield of soybean in acid soil. The study consisted of three rates of wood ash (0, 2.5 and 5.0 t ha-1) and three rates of cow dung (0, 5.0 and 10.0 t ha-1) arranged in completely randomized design, replicated three times. Soybean variety TGX 1485 – ID was sown into 5 kg. The results showed that wood ash application at 5.0 t ha-1 significantly increased the soil pH (6.6), organic carbon (7.48) and soil microbial population (110 × 104 cfu g-1) compared to lower rate of 2.5 t ha-1 and control, which resulted in highest number of pods (7.7) and grain yield (14.2 g per plant) at harvest. Cow dung treatment of 10 t ha-1 significantly had highest soil organic carbon (7.39%) at 8 WAP and soil microbial population (21.1 and 91.4 × 104 cfu g-1) at 4 and 8 WAP respectively. These findings indicate that application of wood ash may be an acceptable alternative liming agent to the inorganic soil amendment and higher soybean productivity. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129301955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1910
O. Adedeji, O. Olayinka, O. O. Tope-Ajayi, D. Awosika
Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban parks and gardens Gani Fawehinmi Park, Ojota, (GFP), Oshodi Heritage Park Oshodi (OHP), Ikorodu/Ipado Garden (IIG), MKO Abiola Gardens, Ojota (MKO), and MOE Garden, Alausa (MOE) soils in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria were examined using Index of Geo-accumulation (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and health risk model. Urban parks and gardens soils were substantially polluted by Cu and Pb due closeness to highways where heavy metals emitted from motor vehicles are deposited. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values for Pb were 10.616, 10.060, 9.027, 8.862 and 8.665 for GFP, OHP, IIG, MKO and MOE respectively. RI values for all the sites showed high pollution as they were all above 200. Health risk assessment revealed that children who visit the urban parks and garden in Lagos State are more exposed to cancer risk from Pb especially through ingestion. Results from this study provided valuable information on the pollution levels of urban parks in Lagos, Nigeria as a result of traffic related emissions and calls for proper monitoring of anthropogenic activities in the metropolis and reduce the human health impacts. The planting of hedge plants and erection of low walls could serve as shield against traffic pollution for the roadside parks
{"title":"SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN URBAN PARKS AND GARDENS SOILS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"O. Adedeji, O. Olayinka, O. O. Tope-Ajayi, D. Awosika","doi":"10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1910","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban parks and gardens Gani Fawehinmi Park, Ojota, (GFP), Oshodi Heritage Park Oshodi (OHP), Ikorodu/Ipado Garden (IIG), MKO Abiola Gardens, Ojota (MKO), and MOE Garden, Alausa (MOE) soils in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria were examined using Index of Geo-accumulation (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and health risk model. Urban parks and gardens soils were substantially polluted by Cu and Pb due closeness to highways where heavy metals emitted from motor vehicles are deposited. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values for Pb were 10.616, 10.060, 9.027, 8.862 and 8.665 for GFP, OHP, IIG, MKO and MOE respectively. RI values for all the sites showed high pollution as they were all above 200. Health risk assessment revealed that children who visit the urban parks and garden in Lagos State are more exposed to cancer risk from Pb especially through ingestion. Results from this study provided valuable information on the pollution levels of urban parks in Lagos, Nigeria as a result of traffic related emissions and calls for proper monitoring of anthropogenic activities in the metropolis and reduce the human health impacts. The planting of hedge plants and erection of low walls could serve as shield against traffic pollution for the roadside parks \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":347217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126216775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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