Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-24
Julian Ijumulana, F. Mtalo, Prosun Bhattacharya
Recent studies on arsenic (As) occurrence particularly in African waters show that several sources of drinking water have elevated concentrations above national and international guidelines. In Tanzania, elevated concentrations of As above WHO guideline (10 μg/L) in Lake Victoria Gold fields is emerging as a threat to public health depending on groundwater and surface water as drinking water sources. In this study, spatial statistics and GIS tools have been used to delineate the relationship between As occurrence and local geological settings. Among the 12 mapped local geological units, the most targeted aquifers for potable water are characterized by granitoids, migmatite, mafic and ultramafic meta-sediments (~50% of water points). The probability of having As levels above WHO guideline was 0.71 and 0.33 for surface water and groundwater systems respectively. 2.3 Water sampling and laboratory analysis Water sampling was carried out at the end of dry season during October 2016. A total of 29 water samples were collected, of which 18 samples were taken from groundwater sources and 11 samples from surface water sources were collected (Fig. 1). The physio-chemical parameters such as, pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (Eh) and elevation (H) were measured in the field. Major anions were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC Dionex DX-120) in the Land and Water Resources Engineering laboratory at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Major cations were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) at Linköping University in the Department of Thematic Studies. 2.4 Creation of spatial database and data analysis ArcGIS software was used to create spatial database comprising the location and description of each water sample, physio-chemical parameters and major ions and As. The data analysis part involved calculating and mapping of summary statistics, i.e. minimum, maximum, average and standard deviation. 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Spatial exploration of water quality parameters with local geological settings The collected water samples were from abstraction points targeting aquifers with following sediment types: i) predominantly alluvial and eluvial sediments (aQ) with slightly alkaline pH (7.4) and high Eh (mean +416 mV); ii) migmatite-granitoid-metasediment complex (miNA) with neutral pH (7.0) and higher Eh (356.4 mV mean); and iii) volcanosedimentary complex-Greenstone Belt with banded iron formation (BIF) with approximately neutral pH (6.9). The higher EC values between 715 and 843 μS/cm indicate that aquifer sediments originate from the parent rocks in Tanzanian Craton. Similarly, the higher mean Eh values between 356-416 mV suggest an oxidizing environment in all geologic units. 3.2 Probability of occurrence of arsenic contamination in groundwater The probability of having contaminated aquifers was calculated based on number of samples with arsenic concentrations exceeding WHO guidelin
{"title":"Potential arsenic contamination in drinking water sources of Tanzania and its link with local geology","authors":"Julian Ijumulana, F. Mtalo, Prosun Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-24","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies on arsenic (As) occurrence particularly in African waters show that several sources of drinking water have elevated concentrations above national and international guidelines. In Tanzania, elevated concentrations of As above WHO guideline (10 μg/L) in Lake Victoria Gold fields is emerging as a threat to public health depending on groundwater and surface water as drinking water sources. In this study, spatial statistics and GIS tools have been used to delineate the relationship between As occurrence and local geological settings. Among the 12 mapped local geological units, the most targeted aquifers for potable water are characterized by granitoids, migmatite, mafic and ultramafic meta-sediments (~50% of water points). The probability of having As levels above WHO guideline was 0.71 and 0.33 for surface water and groundwater systems respectively. 2.3 Water sampling and laboratory analysis Water sampling was carried out at the end of dry season during October 2016. A total of 29 water samples were collected, of which 18 samples were taken from groundwater sources and 11 samples from surface water sources were collected (Fig. 1). The physio-chemical parameters such as, pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (Eh) and elevation (H) were measured in the field. Major anions were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC Dionex DX-120) in the Land and Water Resources Engineering laboratory at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Major cations were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) at Linköping University in the Department of Thematic Studies. 2.4 Creation of spatial database and data analysis ArcGIS software was used to create spatial database comprising the location and description of each water sample, physio-chemical parameters and major ions and As. The data analysis part involved calculating and mapping of summary statistics, i.e. minimum, maximum, average and standard deviation. 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Spatial exploration of water quality parameters with local geological settings The collected water samples were from abstraction points targeting aquifers with following sediment types: i) predominantly alluvial and eluvial sediments (aQ) with slightly alkaline pH (7.4) and high Eh (mean +416 mV); ii) migmatite-granitoid-metasediment complex (miNA) with neutral pH (7.0) and higher Eh (356.4 mV mean); and iii) volcanosedimentary complex-Greenstone Belt with banded iron formation (BIF) with approximately neutral pH (6.9). The higher EC values between 715 and 843 μS/cm indicate that aquifer sediments originate from the parent rocks in Tanzanian Craton. Similarly, the higher mean Eh values between 356-416 mV suggest an oxidizing environment in all geologic units. 3.2 Probability of occurrence of arsenic contamination in groundwater The probability of having contaminated aquifers was calculated based on number of samples with arsenic concentrations exceeding WHO guidelin","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128536997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-29
Z. Xie, M. Chen, J. Wang, X. Wei, F. Li, B. Gao
{"title":"Effects of sediment properties and organic matter on biomobilization of arsenic from aquifer sediments in microcosms","authors":"Z. Xie, M. Chen, J. Wang, X. Wei, F. Li, B. Gao","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134545894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-241
M. Mahdyarfar
{"title":"Iran’s first waterworks with granular ferric hydroxide-based dearsenification – a look back over the first two years of operation","authors":"M. Mahdyarfar","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133256623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-192
P. E. Brown
{"title":"Permanent remediation of toxic arsenic trioxide in Canada’s North","authors":"P. E. Brown","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"9 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126059658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-184
Y. Sun, J. Antelo, J. Lezama-Pacheco, S. Fiol, S. Fendorf, J. Kumpiene
{"title":"Reciprocal influence of arsenic and iron on the long-term immobilization of arsenic in contaminated soils","authors":"Y. Sun, J. Antelo, J. Lezama-Pacheco, S. Fiol, S. Fendorf, J. Kumpiene","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123858031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-103
Jiajia Wang, M. Romani, Maria Martin, B. Planer-Friedrich
{"title":"Thioarsenate formation in paddy soils","authors":"Jiajia Wang, M. Romani, Maria Martin, B. Planer-Friedrich","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124799071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-54
U. E. Rodríguez Castrejón, A. Muñoz, C. Cano Canchola, A. Á. Vargas
{"title":"Microbial study related with the arsenic hydrogeochemistry of the Xichú River in Guanajuato, Mexico","authors":"U. E. Rodríguez Castrejón, A. Muñoz, C. Cano Canchola, A. Á. Vargas","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-54","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125496368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-98
G. Duan, Y. Yang, X. Yi, Y. Zhu
{"title":"The application of organics promotes arsenic methylation in paddy soils","authors":"G. Duan, Y. Yang, X. Yi, Y. Zhu","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-98","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-94
A. Parvez, C. L. Ma, Q. Zhong, C. Y. Lin, Y. Ma, M. He
{"title":"Arsenic and antimony concentrations in Chinese typical farmland soils","authors":"A. Parvez, C. L. Ma, Q. Zhong, C. Y. Lin, Y. Ma, M. He","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-94","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130394700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.1201/9781351046633-57
T. Zheng, Y. Deng, H. C. Jiang, Y. X. Wang
{"title":"Temporal dynamics of microbial community structure and its effect on arsenic mobilization and transformation in Quaternary aquifers of the central Yangtze River Basin","authors":"T. Zheng, Y. Deng, H. C. Jiang, Y. X. Wang","doi":"10.1201/9781351046633-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351046633-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347244,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Arsenic in a Changing World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129148341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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