Solid-state lasers play a key role in optical fiber communications. Directly modulated semiconductor lasers have been used ubiquitously as transmitters in lightwave communication systems. As the output power and modulation speed of these lasers improve, so do the repeater spacing and transmission capacity. Lightwave transmission systems that operate at 2.5 Gb/s with repeater spacings of 40 km or more have been commercially available since 1991. These traditional systems operate in a single wavelength (channel) per fiber at either 1.3- or 1.5-μm wavelength, and employ optoelectronic regenerators as repeaters. For such systems, upgrading networks to higher capacity requires developing higher-speed multiplexers and repeaters, and thus obsoleting existing repeater equipment.
{"title":"Solid-State Lasers Advance Optical Fiber Communications","authors":"Tingye Li","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.tua2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tua2","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state lasers play a key role in optical fiber communications. Directly modulated semiconductor lasers have been used ubiquitously as transmitters in lightwave communication systems. As the output power and modulation speed of these lasers improve, so do the repeater spacing and transmission capacity. Lightwave transmission systems that operate at 2.5 Gb/s with repeater spacings of 40 km or more have been commercially available since 1991. These traditional systems operate in a single wavelength (channel) per fiber at either 1.3- or 1.5-μm wavelength, and employ optoelectronic regenerators as repeaters. For such systems, upgrading networks to higher capacity requires developing higher-speed multiplexers and repeaters, and thus obsoleting existing repeater equipment.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130450141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Song Feng, Yao Jianquan, Sheng Weidong, Cheng Xiaobo, Zhang Guangyin, Yang Jia
Green lasers can be used in many fields such as colour display, optical storage, laser medicine. The main requirements for the green lasers in the applications are compact, stable, high beam quality. It is one of the most efficient way to obtain green lasers by frequency doubling of Nd:YVO4(or Nd:YAG) lasers pumped by LD, which have been researched widely.
{"title":"LD tightly pumped compact green laser","authors":"Song Feng, Yao Jianquan, Sheng Weidong, Cheng Xiaobo, Zhang Guangyin, Yang Jia","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.tuc3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tuc3","url":null,"abstract":"Green lasers can be used in many fields such as colour display, optical storage, laser medicine. The main requirements for the green lasers in the applications are compact, stable, high beam quality. It is one of the most efficient way to obtain green lasers by frequency doubling of Nd:YVO4(or Nd:YAG) lasers pumped by LD, which have been researched widely.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129115866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid state lasers, because of their high power output per unit volume and inherently rugged nature have always been desirable for a number of uses outside of the laboratory. The Nd:YAG laser, pumped by cw arc lamps or pulsed flashlamps, has for a number of years been the most widely employed solid state system and has found wide use in scientific, industrial and military applications. With the development of new laser crystals, high-power semiconductor lasers and new or improved nonlinear materials the lamp-pumped Nd:YAG laser is becoming just one of many useful solid state systems. We consider several examples of the newest types of solid state laser systems, some of which combine a variety of new or improved technologies.
{"title":"Solid State Lasers: From Laboratory to Applications","authors":"P. Moulton","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.tub1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tub1","url":null,"abstract":"Solid state lasers, because of their high power output per unit volume and inherently rugged nature have always been desirable for a number of uses outside of the laboratory. The Nd:YAG laser, pumped by cw arc lamps or pulsed flashlamps, has for a number of years been the most widely employed solid state system and has found wide use in scientific, industrial and military applications. With the development of new laser crystals, high-power semiconductor lasers and new or improved nonlinear materials the lamp-pumped Nd:YAG laser is becoming just one of many useful solid state systems. We consider several examples of the newest types of solid state laser systems, some of which combine a variety of new or improved technologies.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123002813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huang Liu, Wang Li, Zhao Yu, Zhou Jinfeng, Tian Yong, Liu Jing
We report a rectangular pulse Nd:YAG laser pumped Ti:Sapphire laser and optical parametric tunable laser, worked in high stability and high transform efficiency. The highest pulse energy is 125mj, the highest repetition rates is 30Hz. A microcomputer and single-chip computer is used for wavelength tuning, the tunable range of 532nm pumped Ti:Sapphire laser is from 680nm to 860nm; the tunable range of 355nm pumped BBO crystal optical parametric tunable laser is from 440nm to 2600nm. Three high power rectangular laser pulses of 1064nm, 532nm and 355nm are offered by the multifunction wide band tunable laser respectively.
{"title":"Rectangular pulse Nd:YAG laser pumped Ti:Sapphire laser and optical parametric tunable laser","authors":"Huang Liu, Wang Li, Zhao Yu, Zhou Jinfeng, Tian Yong, Liu Jing","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.tud6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tud6","url":null,"abstract":"We report a rectangular pulse Nd:YAG laser pumped Ti:Sapphire laser and optical parametric tunable laser, worked in high stability and high transform efficiency. The highest pulse energy is 125mj, the highest repetition rates is 30Hz. A microcomputer and single-chip computer is used for wavelength tuning, the tunable range of 532nm pumped Ti:Sapphire laser is from 680nm to 860nm; the tunable range of 355nm pumped BBO crystal optical parametric tunable laser is from 440nm to 2600nm.\u0000 Three high power rectangular laser pulses of 1064nm, 532nm and 355nm are offered by the multifunction wide band tunable laser respectively.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116030782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erbium lasers with wavelengths around 3 μm can be widely used in medical applications due to water absorption maximum at 3 μm. Also collagen, the main part of organic bone materials, has a higher absorption in this wavelength range than at the 10.6 μm wavelength of CO2 laser, almost by a factor of 4 [1], This allows cleaner cuts with smaller destruction of adjacent tissues. But a higher power with good beam quality of laser radiation in this wavelength range is also very important to reach good surgically results.
{"title":"3 μm Er:Cr:YSGG-laser with a SBS phase conjugating mirror","authors":"H. Eichler, B. Liu, O. Sperlich","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.thc5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.thc5","url":null,"abstract":"Erbium lasers with wavelengths around 3 μm can be widely used in medical applications due to water absorption maximum at 3 μm. Also collagen, the main part of organic bone materials, has a higher absorption in this wavelength range than at the 10.6 μm wavelength of CO2 laser, almost by a factor of 4 [1], This allows cleaner cuts with smaller destruction of adjacent tissues. But a higher power with good beam quality of laser radiation in this wavelength range is also very important to reach good surgically results.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117030864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid state tunable laser crystal is a considerable well ultra-fast laser medium according to the uncertainty principle, and also an ideal high power laser amplifier medium due to its excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Thus, the laser will give widespread use in scientific field, such as spectroscopy and photo-chemistry studies, and important practical applications, such as remote sensing, pollution detecting, isotope separation, and inertia confinement fusion laser driver, etc.
{"title":"Ti-doped sapphire with high concentration","authors":"P. Deng","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.tub3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tub3","url":null,"abstract":"Solid state tunable laser crystal is a considerable well ultra-fast laser medium according to the uncertainty principle, and also an ideal high power laser amplifier medium due to its excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Thus, the laser will give widespread use in scientific field, such as spectroscopy and photo-chemistry studies, and important practical applications, such as remote sensing, pollution detecting, isotope separation, and inertia confinement fusion laser driver, etc.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129503358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kuleshov, A. Lagatsky, A. Podlipensky, V. Mikhailov, E. Heumann, G. Huber
Recently, efficient cw laser action has been demonstrated in two new Yb3+-doped crystals KY(WO4)2 (KYW) and KGd(WO4)2 (KGW) under Ti-sapphire and diode laser pumping [1,2], In this paper laser performance of these tungstates is reported under pulsed Ti-sapphire laser pumping.
{"title":"Pulsed laser operation of Yb doped KY(WO4)2, and KGd(WO4)2","authors":"N. Kuleshov, A. Lagatsky, A. Podlipensky, V. Mikhailov, E. Heumann, G. Huber","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.thc2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.thc2","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, efficient cw laser action has been demonstrated in two new Yb3+-doped crystals KY(WO4)2 (KYW) and KGd(WO4)2 (KGW) under Ti-sapphire and diode laser pumping [1,2], In this paper laser performance of these tungstates is reported under pulsed Ti-sapphire laser pumping.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121391259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Fu, Guangjun Wang, Lingqian Zhang, Zhao-qi Wang, E. Ba, G. Mu, Xinhua Hu
For a typical laser diode bar, in slow axis plane its length is 10mm and the divergent angle is about 10°, while in fast axis plane the width is about 1 μm and the divergent angle is about 30° ~ 50°.So when LD acts as a pumping source, a coupling system is necessary to deliver the pumping light into laser rod. Coupling method currently adopted include: aspheric lens series[1], gradient index lens[2], optical fiber[3] and directly[4] coupling. But their efficiencies are normally lower. A new type of coupling system—lens duct[5,6,7] was used in recent years , we optimized its parameters with geometry optical method.
{"title":"Optimal Design of Lens Duct for End-Pumped Solid-State lasers","authors":"R. Fu, Guangjun Wang, Lingqian Zhang, Zhao-qi Wang, E. Ba, G. Mu, Xinhua Hu","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.fa5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.fa5","url":null,"abstract":"For a typical laser diode bar, in slow axis plane its length is 10mm and the divergent angle is about 10°, while in fast axis plane the width is about 1 μm and the divergent angle is about 30° ~ 50°.So when LD acts as a pumping source, a coupling system is necessary to deliver the pumping light into laser rod. Coupling method currently adopted include: aspheric lens series[1], gradient index lens[2], optical fiber[3] and directly[4] coupling. But their efficiencies are normally lower. A new type of coupling system—lens duct[5,6,7] was used in recent years , we optimized its parameters with geometry optical method.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132763708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The recent advances in photorefractive polymers and electroluminescent polymers are discussed. We have achieved more than 3% electroluminescent efficiency and more than 24,000 cd/m2 in cw mode from our electroluminescent polymers and nearly 100% diffraction efficiency in photorefractive polymers.
{"title":"Polymer Optoelectronics","authors":"N. Peyghambarian","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.thb1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.thb1","url":null,"abstract":"The recent advances in photorefractive polymers and electroluminescent polymers are discussed. We have achieved more than 3% electroluminescent efficiency and more than 24,000 cd/m2 in cw mode from our electroluminescent polymers and nearly 100% diffraction efficiency in photorefractive polymers.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130569642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jäger, M. Canva, G. Stegeman, W. Wirges, Ş. Yilmaz, W. Brinker, S. Bauer-Gogonea, S. Bauer, M. Ahlheim, M. Stähelin, B. Zysset, F. Lehr, M. Diemeer, M. C. Flipse
Polymers, even with attached, non-centrosymmetric, side groups are amorphous due to the random orientation of the chromophores and therefore are not second-harmonic active. They can be made macroscopically non-centrosymmetric by applying strong electric fields (poling) near the glass temperature of the host polymer to align the side groups which normally have large dipole moments.[1] The side groups can be engineered to have large non-resonant nonlinearities so that the poled polymers can have d(2)s of the order of 50-100 pV/m.[1] This has made poled polymers interesting doubling media, especially in channel waveguides which can be easily fabricated using a number of polymer techniques. We have been exploring poled polymers for second harmonic generation (SHG) for operation with 1550 nm inputs for potential application to cascading, WDM frequency shifting, etc.[2,3] Here we report our progress using the modal dispersion phase-matching technique.
{"title":"Progress in Co-Directional Second Harmonic Generation in Poled Polymers","authors":"M. Jäger, M. Canva, G. Stegeman, W. Wirges, Ş. Yilmaz, W. Brinker, S. Bauer-Gogonea, S. Bauer, M. Ahlheim, M. Stähelin, B. Zysset, F. Lehr, M. Diemeer, M. C. Flipse","doi":"10.1364/sslma.1997.thb3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.thb3","url":null,"abstract":"Polymers, even with attached, non-centrosymmetric, side groups are amorphous due to the random orientation of the chromophores and therefore are not second-harmonic active. They can be made macroscopically non-centrosymmetric by applying strong electric fields (poling) near the glass temperature of the host polymer to align the side groups which normally have large dipole moments.[1] The side groups can be engineered to have large non-resonant nonlinearities so that the poled polymers can have d(2)s of the order of 50-100 pV/m.[1] This has made poled polymers interesting doubling media, especially in channel waveguides which can be easily fabricated using a number of polymer techniques. We have been exploring poled polymers for second harmonic generation (SHG) for operation with 1550 nm inputs for potential application to cascading, WDM frequency shifting, etc.[2,3] Here we report our progress using the modal dispersion phase-matching technique.","PeriodicalId":348889,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133942537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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