Fisioterapia最新文献_第4页

Adaptaciones musculotendinosas del tendón extensor común del codo en jugadores profesionales de bádminton: un estudio observacional 职业羽毛球运动员常见的肘部伸展肌腱的肌肉毒性适应：一项观察性研究

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2025.02.003

I. Cancela Cilleruelo, C. Fernández de las Peñas, J. Rodríguez Jiménez, J.L. Arias Buría

Introduction

High-level sports practice can generate tissue adaptations in the athlete's musculotendinous structures. In asymmetrical sports, such as badminton, these adaptations can vary between the dominant and non-dominant side. The aim of the study was to evaluate the structural and functional characteristics of the common extensor tendon in professional badminton players, as well as to see the difference between women and men.

Methods

Twelve players from the Spanish Badminton National Team (50% female, age: 23 years, SD: 5 years) participated. Ultrasound evaluation and subsequent image analysis were performed to assess the thickness and cross-sectional area of the common extensor tendon, as well as the area of extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of echogenicity, neovascularisation and ultrasound alterations was performed. Bilateral hand grip strength was also assessed.

Results

Analysis revealed greater tendon thickness on the dominant side compared to the non-dominant side (0.4 ± 0.2 mm, P<.05). Analysis of ultrasound characteristics showed differences in neovascularisation and other ultrasound characteristics, but these were not statistically significant, except for tendon echo-intensity which was significantly lower on the dominant side than on the non-dominant side (P<.05). There was also a difference in grip strength between males and females (49.1 ± 8.9 vs 35.9 ± 9.4 kg; P<.05), although no significant differences were found between them in morphological measurements.

Conclusions

It seems that professional badminton practice can generate structural asymmetries in the common extensor tendon of the athlete, which can be considered as tissue adaptations to the load received.

高水平的运动练习可以在运动员的肌肉肌腱结构中产生组织适应性。在不对称的运动中，如羽毛球，这些适应可以在优势和非优势方面有所不同。本研究的目的是评估职业羽毛球运动员的总伸肌腱的结构和功能特征，并观察男女之间的差异。方法西班牙羽毛球国家队12名运动员，其中女性50%，年龄23岁，年龄5岁。通过超声评估和随后的图像分析来评估总伸肌腱的厚度和横截面积，以及桡侧短腕伸肌的面积。此外，还进行了回声性、新生血管和超声改变的定量分析。还评估了双侧手握力。结果分析显示优势侧肌腱厚度大于非优势侧（0.4±0.2 mm, P< 0.05）。超声特征分析显示新生血管和其他超声特征存在差异，但这些差异无统计学意义，除了优势侧的肌腱回声强度明显低于非优势侧（P< 0.05）。男女握力也存在差异(49.1±8.9 vs 35.9±9.4 kg；P<.05)，但在形态学测量中没有发现显著差异。结论专业羽毛球训练可使运动员的总伸肌腱产生结构不对称，这可能是组织对所受负荷的适应。

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引用次数: 0

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de fisioterapeutas sobre la intervención en el paciente adulto con quemaduras en servicios de hospitalización, unidad de quemados y/o unidad de cuidado intensivo en 3 ciudades del suroccidente colombiano. Año 2023 在哥伦比亚西南部的3个城市，物理治疗师对住院服务、烧伤单位和/或重症监护单位中烧伤成人患者的干预的知识、态度和实践。2023年

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2025.01.004

M.A. Valencia , V. Ramos Lasso , N.M. Perdomo Oliver , E.C. Wilches-Luna

Objective

The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practices of physiotherapists regarding the intervention in adult patients with burns in hospitalization services, special burn unit and/or general intensive care unit in 3 cities in southwestern Colombia in the year 2023.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. A validated CAP type survey was used. The population of interest was made up of physiotherapists who work with adult patients with burns in hospitalization services, special burn units and/or general intensive care units, from 3 cities in southwestern Colombia. The sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience, covering a sample in 3 cities in southwestern Colombia: Cali, Pasto and Popayán.

Results

Twenty-nine physiotherapists participated, 13 (44.8%) from Popayán, 10 (33.5%) from Cali and 6 (20.7%) from Pasto. The overall response rate was 91%. Average age was 34.9 years, and 69% were women. The distribution, according to the classification of knowledge achieved, was high 13.8%, medium 44.8% and low 41.4%. A percentage of 10.3 responded that they were afraid when intervening on a patient with burns, and 31% reported that they do not have an institutional protocol.

Conclusions

This study highlights the need to strengthen continuing education and postgraduate training in the area of burn physiotherapy.

目的本研究的目的是确定2023年哥伦比亚西南部3个城市的住院服务、特殊烧伤病房和/或普通重症监护病房的成年烧伤患者物理治疗师的干预知识、态度和做法。方法采用横断面描述性研究。采用了有效的CAP型调查。研究对象由来自哥伦比亚西南部3个城市的物理治疗师组成，他们在住院服务部门、特殊烧伤病房和/或普通重症监护病房治疗成年烧伤患者。为方便起见，抽样是非概率的，涵盖了哥伦比亚西南部的三个城市：卡利、帕斯托和Popayán。结果共有29名物理治疗师参与调查，其中Popayán有13名（44.8%），Cali有10名（33.5%），Pasto有6名（20.7%）。总有效率为91%。平均年龄为34.9岁，其中69%为女性。按知识所得分类，其分布依次为高13.8%、中44.8%和低41.4%。10.3%的人回答说，他们在干预烧伤患者时感到害怕，31%的人报告说他们没有机构协议。结论本研究强调了在烧伤物理治疗领域加强继续教育和研究生培养的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Efectos de la fisioterapia cardiopulmonar sobre la fisiología en pacientes post-COVID-19 心肺物理疗法对COVID-19后患者生理机能的影响

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2025.02.001

J.M. Rodríguez-Gómez , A. Arranz-Escudero , M. Puertas-Duarte , J. Izquierdo-García , N. Pérez-Mallada

Introduction

The respiratory difficulty caused by COVID-19 in severe cases leads to Intensive Care Units Acquired Weakness (ICUAW) after prolonged bed rest and treatment by invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), which leads to a decrease in health status due to deconditioning.

Objective

To study the effects of a cardiopulmonary training program on muscle mass and strength in post-COVID-19 patients.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study was conducted with post-COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the ICU and developed ICUAW. The main variables were the diameter of the rectus femoris muscle (assessed with ultrasound), the knee extensors strength (assessed with a manual dynamometer), the strength of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles (assessed with a RPM™ system) measured at the beginning and end of the program. The program was composed of warm-up, aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer, strength exercise and relaxation; guided by a physiotherapist. Student's t-test was used to study changes in the variables and Cohen's d statistic to study the magnitude of the change, with an alpha significance level of 0.05.

Results

25 patients completed the program (48% men). Statistically significant changes were obtained in all variables at the end of the program (P < .05) and a moderate effect size (d > 0.5) for knee strength, and large (d > 0.8) for the diameter of the rectus femoris and respiratory muscle strength.

Conclusions

The cardiopulmonary program in post-COVID-19 patients with ICUAW may have beneficial effects and clinically relevant impact on muscle mass and strength.

新冠肺炎重症患者经长时间卧床休息和有创机械通气（IMV）治疗后，出现重症监护病房获得性虚弱（icu Acquired Weakness， ICUAW），因去适应导致健康状况下降。目的探讨心肺训练方案对新冠肺炎术后患者肌肉质量和力量的影响。方法对新冠肺炎（covid -19）后入住ICU并发生ICUAW的患者进行准实验研究。主要变量是在项目开始和结束时测量的股直肌直径（用超声评估）、膝关节伸肌力量（用手动测力仪评估）、吸气和呼气肌肉的力量（用RPM™系统评估）。该项目包括热身、自行车计力器有氧运动、力量锻炼和放松；由物理治疗师指导。采用Student's t检验研究变量的变化，采用Cohen's d统计量研究变化的幅度，α显著性水平为0.05。结果25例患者完成治疗，其中男性占48%。在项目结束时，所有变量都发生了统计学上显著的变化(P <；.05)和中等效应量(d >；0.5)为膝关节强度，且大(d >；0.8)为股直肌直径和呼吸肌力量。结论在covid -19后合并ICUAW患者中，心肺计划可能对肌肉质量和力量有有益的影响和临床相关的影响。

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引用次数: 0

La inteligencia artificial es una realidad, ¿debemos definir las «soft skills» esenciales en Fisioterapia? 人工智能是现实，我们应该定义物理治疗中必不可少的“软技能”吗？

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2024.11.001

S. Santiago-Pescador

引用次数: 0

Identidad y evolución de la fisioterapia 物理治疗的身份与演变

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2024.11.005

R. Fernández Cervantes , S. Souto Camba , L. González Doniz

引用次数: 0

Validity and reliability of wearable motion sensors in knee joint range of motion measurement 可穿戴运动传感器在膝关节运动范围测量中的有效性和可靠性

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2025.01.001

A. Koçak , A. Çetinkaya , M.G. Yavuzer

Objective

Joint range of motion (ROM) is one of the factors that determine the function of the musculoskeletal system. This parameter must be able to be measured and recorded in an accurate and repeatable method. The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of a wearable motion sensor, which is an inertial measurement units (IMUs) sensor, in measuring knee joint active flexion movement angles.

Methods

The study, an observational validation study, included 70 Health Sciences Faculty students between the ages of 18–25. The dominant knee joint ROM of the participants was measured by two raters with a digital goniometer (Meloq EasyAngle) and wearable motion sensors (MetaMotionRL).

Results

70 participants (40 female, 30 male) with an average age of 21.03 ± 1.34 years were included in the study. Intra-rater ICC was found to be 0.959 and inter-rater ICC was 0.961. An excellent correlation was found in the first rater's measurements of the Meloq EasyAngle and MetaMotionRL motion sensors (ICC: 0.934, %95CI [0.894–0.959]). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between the raters’ knee joint ROM measured with a digital goniometer and their ROM measured with a wearable motion sensor (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

It was concluded that the MetamotionRL device, a wearable motion sensor, is a valid and reliable method for measuring knee joint ROM. The use of IMU motion sensors is considered potentially important for monitoring and optimizing lower extremity kinematics during assessment and rehabilitation interventions.

目的关节活动范围（ROM）是决定肌肉骨骼系统功能的因素之一。该参数必须能够以精确和可重复的方法测量和记录。本研究的目的是检验一种可穿戴运动传感器，即惯性测量单元（imu）传感器，在测量膝关节主动屈曲运动角度方面的有效性和可靠性。方法本研究是一项观察性验证研究，纳入70名年龄在18-25岁之间的健康科学学院学生。参与者的主要膝关节ROM由两位评分者用数字角计（Meloq EasyAngle）和可穿戴运动传感器（MetaMotionRL）测量。结果共纳入70例患者，其中女性40例，男性30例，平均年龄21.03±1.34岁。结果显示，评分内的ICC为0.959，评分间的ICC为0.961。在Meloq EasyAngle和MetaMotionRL运动传感器的第一等级测量中发现极好的相关性（ICC: 0.934, %95CI[0.894-0.959]）。此外，用数字测角仪测量的评分者膝关节ROM与用可穿戴运动传感器测量的评分者膝关节ROM之间存在显著的相关性(p <；0.05)。综上所述，可穿戴运动传感器MetamotionRL是一种有效可靠的测量膝关节ROM的方法。IMU运动传感器的使用对于在评估和康复干预期间监测和优化下肢运动学具有潜在的重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Efecto del tratamiento de estimulación eléctrica nerviosa transcutánea en el músculo tríceps sural tras un accidente cerebrovascular. Estudio de caso 脑卒中后经皮神经电刺激治疗对南三头肌的影响。案例研究

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2024.10.002

Y.M. Gutiérrez Ramos, J.I. Vázquez Duarte, I.A. Cuadros Rodríguez, F. Carreto Guadarrama

Background

In Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) the brain tissue is affected by a sudden interruption of blood supply, which determines the ability to control the affected side and compromises the coordination of agonist and antagonist muscles, experiencing spasticity increased muscle tone.

Objective

The objective of this case study was to evaluate the changes in the triceps surae muscle to stimulate improvement in motor function suffering from spasticity following a cerebrovascular event through treatment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

Patient

A left hemiparesis secondary to CVA and three-year evolution spasticity in the triceps surae clinical case is presented.

Material and methods

Transcutaneous Nerve Electrostimulation was applied to the triceps surae. It was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the thirteen sessions through the Joint Mobility Test to assess the left ankle, the Asworth scale for muscle tone, and the skeletal muscle ultrasonography of the triceps surae.

Results

The affected limb presented significant clinical changes in ankle mobility, improvement in muscle tone and modifications in the morphology of the triceps surae, reducing the fibrosis that was found at the beginning of the treatment.

Conclusions

The changes presented in the affected limb in the range of motion are interpreted into the functionality and morphology of the triceps surae with increased elasticity derived from the mechanobiology of muscle function; however, future research is required with a wider sample, suggesting adding other physical agents such as therapeutic exercise to obtain statistically significant changes.

在脑血管意外（CVA）中，脑组织受到血液供应突然中断的影响，这决定了控制受累侧的能力，并损害了激动剂和拮抗剂肌肉的协调，经历肌肉张力增加的痉挛。目的本病例研究的目的是评估通过经皮神经电刺激治疗脑血管事件后痉挛的肱三头肌表面肌的变化，以刺激运动功能的改善。本文报道一例继发于CVA的左偏瘫伴三年演化性三头肌痉挛的临床病例。材料与方法经皮神经电刺激肱三头肌表面。在13个疗程的开始和结束时，通过关节活动测试来评估左脚踝，阿斯沃思肌肉张力量表和三头肌表面骨骼肌超声检查来评估。结果受影响肢体在踝关节活动度、肌肉张力改善和三头肌表面形态改变方面表现出明显的临床变化，减少了治疗开始时发现的纤维化。结论患肢在运动范围内的变化可以解释为三头肌表面的功能和形态变化，肌肉功能的力学生物学导致了三头肌弹性的增加；然而，未来的研究需要更广泛的样本，建议加入其他物理因素，如治疗性运动，以获得统计上显著的变化。

{"title":"Efecto del tratamiento de estimulación eléctrica nerviosa transcutánea en el músculo tríceps sural tras un accidente cerebrovascular. Estudio de caso","authors":"Y.M. Gutiérrez Ramos, J.I. Vázquez Duarte, I.A. Cuadros Rodríguez, F. Carreto Guadarrama","doi":"10.1016/j.ft.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ft.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) the brain tissue is affected by a sudden interruption of blood supply, which determines the ability to control the affected side and compromises the coordination of agonist and antagonist muscles, experiencing spasticity increased muscle tone.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this case study was to evaluate the changes in the triceps surae muscle to stimulate improvement in motor function suffering from spasticity following a cerebrovascular event through treatment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Patient</h3><div>A left hemiparesis secondary to CVA and three-year evolution spasticity in the triceps surae clinical case is presented.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Transcutaneous Nerve Electrostimulation was applied to the triceps surae. It was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the thirteen sessions through the Joint Mobility Test to assess the left ankle, the Asworth scale for muscle tone, and the skeletal muscle ultrasonography of the triceps surae.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The affected limb presented significant clinical changes in ankle mobility, improvement in muscle tone and modifications in the morphology of the triceps surae, reducing the fibrosis that was found at the beginning of the treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The changes presented in the affected limb in the range of motion are interpreted into the functionality and morphology of the triceps surae with increased elasticity derived from the mechanobiology of muscle function; however, future research is required with a wider sample, suggesting adding other physical agents such as therapeutic exercise to obtain statistically significant changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34994,"journal":{"name":"Fisioterapia","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 98-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eficacia de la fisioterapia pediátrica en la prevención y tratamiento de la plagiocefalia posicional: una revisión sistemática 儿科物理治疗在预防和治疗位置性贪食症方面的有效性：系统综述

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2024.11.004

I. Calderón-Fresco , A. González-Castro , P. Hernandez-Lucas , M.J. Álvarez-Álvarez

Introduction

Positional plagiocephaly is a flattened and asymmetrical deformity of the skull in infants, caused by constant external pressure on one area of the head. Prevention and treatment are important to avoid developmental problems in the infant. This systematic review aimed to analyze and evaluate the current evidence regarding the prevention and non-surgical approaches to positional plagiocephaly.

Material and methods

Systematic searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. The ROBINS-I tool was used to assess the risk of bias in non-randomized studies, while the RoB tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in randomized studies.

Results

A total of 10 articles were included. Of these, 8 had a therapeutic objective, and 2 were preventive. The most common intervention involved a combination of parental education with manual therapy techniques or orthopedic elements. The risk of bias in 6 of the analyzed articles was high. No adverse effects were identified in any of the articles.

Conclusions

Manual therapy interventions, such as myofascial and manipulative techniques, parental education, and the use of cranial orthoses, are effective and safe for treating and preventing positional plagiocephaly. Their use may help reduce the incidence of this condition worldwide.

位置性斜头畸形是婴儿颅骨扁平和不对称的畸形，由头部某一区域持续的外部压力引起。预防和治疗对于避免婴儿发育问题很重要。本系统综述旨在分析和评价目前关于预防和非手术方法治疗体位性斜头畸形的证据。材料与方法系统检索Scopus、Web of Science和ScienceDirect。ROBINS-I工具用于评估非随机研究的偏倚风险，RoB工具用于评估随机研究的偏倚风险。结果共纳入10篇文献。其中8例为治疗目的，2例为预防目的。最常见的干预包括父母教育与手工治疗技术或矫形元素的结合。6篇分析文章偏倚风险较高。在任何一篇文章中都没有发现不良反应。结论手工治疗干预，如肌筋膜和手法技术，父母教育和使用颅骨矫形器，是有效和安全的治疗和预防阵位性斜头畸形。它们的使用可能有助于减少这种情况在世界范围内的发病率。

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引用次数: 0

Actualización del tratamiento de fisioterapia en la histerectomía. Una revisión sistemática 子宫切除术物理治疗的更新。系统的审查

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2025.02.002

S. Rodríguez-Movilla , A. Alonso-Calvete , I. da Cuña-Carrera , M. Fernández-Paz , L. Núñez-Remiseiro

Introduction and objective

Hysterectomy is one of the most frequent gynecological operations that consists in the surgical removal of the uterus. Like any operation, it entails different consequences and complications that can be treated by means of physical therapy techniques. The aim of this study was to analyze through a systematic review the effectiveness of physiotherapy techniques in recovery after hysterectomy.

Material and methods

A search was carried out PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Medline, Cinahl and PEDro in February 2023. Randomized controlled trials in English or Spanish were included, in which a hysterectomy was performed for benign or malign reasons.

Results

Of the 1,179 initial results, 9 articles were chosen for analysis. The interventions performed were varied, including massage therapy, manual lymphatic drainage, therapeutic exercise and electrotherapy. The variables analyzed were pain, physical, bladder and bowel function, quality of life, edema severity and pelvic floor strength.

Conclusion

Physiotherapy techniques were beneficial for hysterectomy recovery, although further research by physiotherapists is needed.

子宫切除术是最常见的妇科手术之一，包括子宫的外科切除。像任何手术一样，它会带来不同的后果和并发症，可以通过物理治疗技术来治疗。本研究的目的是通过系统回顾分析物理治疗技术在子宫切除术后恢复的有效性。资料与方法于2023年2月检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Cochrane、Medline、Cinahl和PEDro。随机对照试验包括英语或西班牙语，其中子宫切除术是良性或恶性的原因。结果在1179个初步结果中，选择了9篇文章进行分析。采取的干预措施多种多样，包括按摩疗法、手工淋巴引流、治疗性运动和电疗。分析的变量包括疼痛、身体、膀胱和肠道功能、生活质量、水肿严重程度和盆底力量。结论物理治疗技术有利于子宫切除术后的恢复，但需要物理治疗师进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Efectos de la exposición gradual al ejercicio y la realidad virtual en un paciente diagnosticado de fibromialgia y agorafobia. Estudio de caso 逐渐暴露于运动和虚拟现实对被诊断为纤维肌痛和广场恐惧症的患者的影响。案例研究

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2024.11.003

A. Mahiques , M. Martínez-Soler , P. Blanco-Gimenez , J. Vicente-Mampel

Introduction

Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread chronic pain associated with various comorbidities.

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical effects generated by the gradual exposure to exercise and virtual reality in a patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia and agoraphobia.

Methods

A single case study was conducted over a duration of 12 weeks. In the first four weeks, the patient engaged in exercise; during the next four weeks, she was exposed to virtual reality while exercising; and in the final four weeks, the exercise was performed in isolation. Pain perception, psychosocial constructs, central sensitization, pressure pain thresholds, and levels of anxiety and depression were evaluated using different scales.

Results

A reduction in fear of movement was observed, along with a decrease in catastrophic thoughts and levels of central sensitization. However, the subjective perception of pain increased, along with a slight rise in depression levels, while the patient's anxiety decreased by the end of the treatment.

Conclusion

The integration of exercise and virtual reality positively affected various clinical aspects, except for pain perception and depression levels.

纤维肌痛的特点是广泛的慢性疼痛，并伴有各种合并症。本研究的目的是描述在诊断为纤维肌痛和广场恐怖症的患者中逐渐暴露于运动和虚拟现实所产生的临床效果。方法采用单例研究，为期12周。在前四周，患者进行锻炼；在接下来的四周里，她在锻炼时接触虚拟现实；在最后四周，实验是在隔离状态下进行的。使用不同的量表评估疼痛感知、心理社会结构、中枢敏感化、压力疼痛阈值以及焦虑和抑郁水平。结果观察到对运动的恐惧减少，以及灾难性想法和中枢敏感程度的减少。然而，在治疗结束时，患者对疼痛的主观感知增加了，抑郁程度也略有上升，而患者的焦虑程度则有所下降。结论运动与虚拟现实的结合对临床各方面均有积极影响，除疼痛感和抑郁水平外。

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引用次数: 0