Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate lacrimal punctum and tear meniscus using anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and compare the results among dry eye syndrome (DES) patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE) subtypes, and healthy individuals. Methods: We included 62 eyes of 31 ADDE subtype DES patients (Group 1), 62 eyes of 31 EDE subtype DES patients (Group 2), and 62 eyes of 31 healthy individuals (Group 3). All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination, including a non-anesthetic Schirmer test for DES confirmation and detailed assessment of the cornea, as well as the conjunctiva, globe, and tear film for increased reflex secretion. The lacrimal punctum and tear meniscus were then measured using a spectral domain OCT system with high-resolution scanning software. Results: Mean ages in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 49.06±11.24, 46.74±11.68, and 45.48±9.17 years, respectively, (P=0.420). DES patients had significantly lower non-anesthetic Schirmer test (P<0.001), outer punctal diameter (P=0.012), punctal depth (PD) (P<0.001), tear well depth (P<0.001), and punctal reserve (P<0.001) than Group 3. Group 1 had significantly lower Schirmer test (P<0.001), PD (P=0.005), and tear well depth (P=0.003) than Group 2. Tear meniscus height (P=0.463), area (P=0.891), and angle (P=0.266) did not differ significantly among groups, nor did IOP (P>0.05). Conclusion: AS-OCT could potentially be a useful optical diagnostic technique for in vivo lacrimal punctum microstructural and tear meniscus quantitative evaluation. It could also enable DES classification, leading to a better understanding of the underlying pathology and the avoidance of unnecessary tear drops.
{"title":"Evaluation of lacrimal punctum and tear meniscus in dry eye syndrome: a comparative spectral domain OCT study","authors":"M. Kaşıkçı","doi":"10.14744/eer.2023.72792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2023.72792","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate lacrimal punctum and tear meniscus using anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and compare the results among dry eye syndrome (DES) patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE) subtypes, and healthy individuals. Methods: We included 62 eyes of 31 ADDE subtype DES patients (Group 1), 62 eyes of 31 EDE subtype DES patients (Group 2), and 62 eyes of 31 healthy individuals (Group 3). All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination, including a non-anesthetic Schirmer test for DES confirmation and detailed assessment of the cornea, as well as the conjunctiva, globe, and tear film for increased reflex secretion. The lacrimal punctum and tear meniscus were then measured using a spectral domain OCT system with high-resolution scanning software. Results: Mean ages in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 49.06±11.24, 46.74±11.68, and 45.48±9.17 years, respectively, (P=0.420). DES patients had significantly lower non-anesthetic Schirmer test (P<0.001), outer punctal diameter (P=0.012), punctal depth (PD) (P<0.001), tear well depth (P<0.001), and punctal reserve (P<0.001) than Group 3. Group 1 had significantly lower Schirmer test (P<0.001), PD (P=0.005), and tear well depth (P=0.003) than Group 2. Tear meniscus height (P=0.463), area (P=0.891), and angle (P=0.266) did not differ significantly among groups, nor did IOP (P>0.05). Conclusion: AS-OCT could potentially be a useful optical diagnostic technique for in vivo lacrimal punctum microstructural and tear meniscus quantitative evaluation. It could also enable DES classification, leading to a better understanding of the underlying pathology and the avoidance of unnecessary tear drops.","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129783211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Factors Affecting Visual Outcome After Successful Pars Plana Vitrectomy Surgery for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment","authors":"Emin Utku Altındal","doi":"10.14744/eer.2022.80664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2022.80664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131849338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the relationship between dry eye and cataract surgery","authors":"Pelin Kıyat","doi":"10.14744/eer.2022.06078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2022.06078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132191854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy in treatment naïve cases with diabetic macular edema","authors":"Ş. C. Ipek","doi":"10.14744/eer.2023.43153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2023.43153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133624998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative assessment of the endothelial toxicity of intracameral cefuroxime after phacoemulsification","authors":"S. Tatlı","doi":"10.14744/eer.2022.08108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2022.08108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133975076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present case reports a 70-year-old female patient who presented with bilateral exophthalmos, lagophthalmus, and exposure keratitis. An aggressive topical treatment was commenced that included fortified vancomycin and ceftazidime. She was subsequently diagnosed with severe thyroid ophthalmopathy (TO) due to severe static and dynamic tremor that raised suspicion and abnormal thyroid function tests indicating Graves’ Disease. She was diagnosed with bilateral exposure keratitis secondary to TO in which the clinical activity score was assessed as 5. As her TO was sight-threatening, she was administered intravenous pulse methylprednisolone, followed by bilateral balanced 2-wall (medial and lateral) decompression and lateral temporary tarsorrhaphy surgeries. As her exophthalmos and lagophthalmos improved postoperatively, both eyes’ keratitis significantly regressed, and left scar tissue in the cornea. This extreme case should raise awareness for clinicians in the etiological investigation of exposure keratopathy to identify sight-threatening thyroid ophthalmopathy and promptly initiate appropriate treatment.
{"title":"End Stage Thyroid Ophthalmopathy Presenting with Bilateral Exposure Keratitis","authors":"Betul Akbulut Yagci","doi":"10.14744/eer.2022.79188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2022.79188","url":null,"abstract":"The present case reports a 70-year-old female patient who presented with bilateral exophthalmos, lagophthalmus, and exposure keratitis. An aggressive topical treatment was commenced that included fortified vancomycin and ceftazidime. She was subsequently diagnosed with severe thyroid ophthalmopathy (TO) due to severe static and dynamic tremor that raised suspicion and abnormal thyroid function tests indicating Graves’ Disease. She was diagnosed with bilateral exposure keratitis secondary to TO in which the clinical activity score was assessed as 5. As her TO was sight-threatening, she was administered intravenous pulse methylprednisolone, followed by bilateral balanced 2-wall (medial and lateral) decompression and lateral temporary tarsorrhaphy surgeries. As her exophthalmos and lagophthalmos improved postoperatively, both eyes’ keratitis significantly regressed, and left scar tissue in the cornea. This extreme case should raise awareness for clinicians in the etiological investigation of exposure keratopathy to identify sight-threatening thyroid ophthalmopathy and promptly initiate appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131122220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bilateral Sclerochoroidal Calcification In A Case with Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism","authors":"Ferdane Ataş","doi":"10.14744/eer.2022.35744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2022.35744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116225849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topical ivermectin in the treatment of blepharoconjunctivitis caused by demodex infestation","authors":"A. Özcan","doi":"10.14744/eer.2021.77486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2021.77486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129776263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The objective of the study was to evaluate open globe injuries and injury type, injury grade, and demographic characteristics of patients with penetrating eye injury during the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 lockdown in Turkey. Methods: Patients who were admitted to our clinic with a diagnosis of penetrating/perforating eye injury between March 11, 2020–June 1, 2020 (Group 1), and March 11, 2019–June 01, 2019 (Group 2), were retrospectively analyzed. Ophthalmologic examination findings, ocular trauma score (OTS), causes of injury, and mechanism of injury were recorded. Data and findings were compared with SPSS. Results: A total of 47 (1.74%) of 2688 patients in 2019 and 21 of 1130 patients (1.85%) in 2020 referred to our clinic from the emergency department were hospitalized with the diagnosis of penetrating/perforating eye injury. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age and gender (p=0.60 and p=0.73, respectively). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the first examination was 1.46±1.0.9 (0–3.5) log MAR in Group 1 and 1.09±1.05 (0–3.5) log MAR in Group 2 (p=0.19). The mean OTS was calculated as 56.00±25.96 (12–100) in Group 1 and 69.63±23.78 (13–100) in Group 2. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.05). Final BCVA was 1.31±0.91 (0–3) log MAR in Group 1 and 0.53±0.77 (0–3) log MAR in Group 2 (p=0.005). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 lockdown, there was a significant decrease in emergency consultations and penetrating injuries. The OTS and final BCVA of patients were lower than the previous year. COVID-19 locking may have an effect on the reduction of ocular trauma.
目的:本研究的目的是评估土耳其冠状病毒病(COVID)-19封锁期间开放性眼球损伤、损伤类型、损伤等级和穿透性眼损伤患者的人口统计学特征。方法:回顾性分析2020年3月11日- 2020年6月1日(第1组)和2019年3月11日- 2019年6月1日(第2组)期间在我院就诊的诊断为穿透/穿孔性眼损伤的患者。记录眼科检查结果、眼外伤评分(OTS)、损伤原因及损伤机制。数据与结果用SPSS进行比较。结果:2019年急诊转至我院2688例患者中有47例(1.74%)，2020年1130例患者中有21例(1.85%)诊断为穿透/穿孔性眼损伤住院。在年龄和性别方面各组间无差异(p=0.60和p=0.73)。第一次检查时，第一组的平均最佳矫正视力(BCVA)为1.46±1.0.9 (0-3.5)log MAR，第二组为1.09±1.05 (0-3.5)log MAR (p=0.19)。1组平均OTS为56.00±25.96(12-100)，2组平均OTS为69.63±23.78(13-100)。差异有统计学意义(p=0.05)。1组的最终BCVA为1.31±0.91 (0-3)log MAR, 2组为0.53±0.77 (0-3)log MAR (p=0.005)。结论:疫情防控期间，急诊就诊和穿透性损伤明显减少。患者的OTS和最终BCVA均低于上年。COVID-19锁定可能对减少眼外伤有影响。
{"title":"Retrospective analysis of open globe injuries during coronavirus disease-19 lockdown in Turkey","authors":"Zeynep Akgün","doi":"10.14744/eer.2021.69775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2021.69775","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of the study was to evaluate open globe injuries and injury type, injury grade, and demographic characteristics of patients with penetrating eye injury during the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 lockdown in Turkey. Methods: Patients who were admitted to our clinic with a diagnosis of penetrating/perforating eye injury between March 11, 2020–June 1, 2020 (Group 1), and March 11, 2019–June 01, 2019 (Group 2), were retrospectively analyzed. Ophthalmologic examination findings, ocular trauma score (OTS), causes of injury, and mechanism of injury were recorded. Data and findings were compared with SPSS. Results: A total of 47 (1.74%) of 2688 patients in 2019 and 21 of 1130 patients (1.85%) in 2020 referred to our clinic from the emergency department were hospitalized with the diagnosis of penetrating/perforating eye injury. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age and gender (p=0.60 and p=0.73, respectively). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the first examination was 1.46±1.0.9 (0–3.5) log MAR in Group 1 and 1.09±1.05 (0–3.5) log MAR in Group 2 (p=0.19). The mean OTS was calculated as 56.00±25.96 (12–100) in Group 1 and 69.63±23.78 (13–100) in Group 2. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.05). Final BCVA was 1.31±0.91 (0–3) log MAR in Group 1 and 0.53±0.77 (0–3) log MAR in Group 2 (p=0.005). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 lockdown, there was a significant decrease in emergency consultations and penetrating injuries. The OTS and final BCVA of patients were lower than the previous year. COVID-19 locking may have an effect on the reduction of ocular trauma.","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130844465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of the reliability and repeatability of central corneal thickness measurements from four different non-contact devices","authors":"Sema Malgaz","doi":"10.14744/eer.2021.63825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/eer.2021.63825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350672,"journal":{"name":"European Eye Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126507141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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