The article presents the results of research into an early medieval kurgan in Chodlik, Karczmiska county, where cremated human and horse remains were discovered. The settlement complex in Chodlik (8th-10th c.) forms a vast hillfort of more than 8 ha and the surrounding hamlets. For over a century, it has been subjected to archaeological excavations but it was not until recently that the related cremation burial sites were identified. The first kurgan, examined in 2010, contained buried remains of a human and a horse, most probably buried at a stake together. The other objects found in the upper part of the kurgan included pieces of clay vessels and bronze elements of a horse tack. By means of radiocarbon dating, the burial site’s chronology has been established as the 8th-9th centuries. The text presents comparative analyses with other famous discoveries of the type and considerations of the importance of horses to the early medieval Slavs.
{"title":"PALĄ SIEBIE W OGNIU, GDY UMRZE IM KRÓL LUB WÓDZ – I PALĄ RÓWNIEŻ JEGO WIERZCHOWCE. WCZESNOŚREDNIOWIECZNY POCHÓWEK CIAŁOPALNY ZE SZCZĄTKAMI KONIA Z CHODLIKA, POW. OPOLSKI, WOJ. LUBELSKIE","authors":"Łukasz Miechowicz","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research into an early medieval kurgan in Chodlik, Karczmiska county, where cremated human and horse remains were discovered. The settlement complex in Chodlik (8th-10th c.) forms a vast hillfort of more than 8 ha and the surrounding hamlets. For over a century, it has been subjected to archaeological excavations but it was not until recently that the related cremation burial sites were identified. The first kurgan, examined in 2010, contained buried remains of a human and a horse, most probably buried at a stake together. The other objects found in the upper part of the kurgan included pieces of clay vessels and bronze elements of a horse tack. By means of radiocarbon dating, the burial site’s chronology has been established as the 8th-9th centuries. The text presents comparative analyses with other famous discoveries of the type and considerations of the importance of horses to the early medieval Slavs.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125700665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of archaeological research justifies the need for re-appraising previous conclusions. In the case of the Bnin Lakes Basin (Wielkopolska), the research pertains to the settlement at the early stage of the early Middle Ages. Human settlement developed dynamically at phase B of the early Middle Ages. To date, settlement from phase A has not been discovered in the Basin. The same holds true for the basin of the central river Warta.
{"title":"W KWESTII POCZĄTKÓW WCZESNEGO ŚREDNIOWIECZA W REJONIE NIECKI JEZIOR BNIŃSKICH","authors":"H. Machajewski","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.5","url":null,"abstract":"The development of archaeological research justifies the need for re-appraising previous conclusions. In the case of the Bnin Lakes Basin (Wielkopolska), the research pertains to the settlement at the early stage of the early Middle Ages. Human settlement developed dynamically at phase B of the early Middle Ages. To date, settlement from phase A has not been discovered in the Basin. The same holds true for the basin of the central river Warta.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128520173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article revolves around patrimonies for the Templars on the borders of Lubusz, Wielkopolska and Pomerania regions. The author presents the course of these patrimonies in a context of the political actions on the part of Piast dukes in Silesia and Wielkopolska. The article consists of three parts: the first of them presents the invitation of the Templars to Poland, with the (nearly concurrent) contribution made in the third decade of the 13th century by Henry I Bearded and Władysław Odonic. Part two is dedicated to the controversial patrimony of Chwarszczany on the Myśla, the biggest Templars’ commandery on the central Oder and the lower Warta and Wielka Wieś – a dominion located on the Lubusz and Wielkopolska border. In the last part, attention has been drawn to the subsequent patrimonies for the Templars in the area in question from 1234-1261.
{"title":"POLITYKA PIASTÓW ŚLĄSKICH I WIELKOPO LSKICH WOBEC TEMPLARIUSZY NAD ŚRODKOWĄ ODRĄ I DOLNĄ WARTĄ W XIII WIEKU","authors":"M. Przybył","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article revolves around patrimonies for the Templars on the borders of Lubusz, Wielkopolska and Pomerania regions. The author presents the course of these patrimonies in a context of the political actions on the part of Piast dukes in Silesia and Wielkopolska. The article consists of three parts: the first of them presents the invitation of the Templars to Poland, with the (nearly concurrent) contribution made in the third decade of the 13th century by Henry I Bearded and Władysław Odonic. Part two is dedicated to the controversial patrimony of Chwarszczany on the Myśla, the biggest Templars’ commandery on the central Oder and the lower Warta and Wielka Wieś – a dominion located on the Lubusz and Wielkopolska border. In the last part, attention has been drawn to the subsequent patrimonies for the Templars in the area in question from 1234-1261.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133344929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article sums up the reflections on the relics of medieval plaster and layers of paint on the walls, columns and pillars of the Norbertine nuns convent in Strzelno completed around the 2nd-3rd quarter of the 13th century. The relics of the polychromies observed by numerous enthusiasts of the Romanesque Strzelno and discovered during archaeological excavations were topped with the results of conservation-restoration works which uncovered the first figural polychromies in the chancel’s apse. Following verification of the dating of the colours of the church’s interior, an indication was made that in the 13th century, the colour red prevailed; in the 15th-16th centuries, the figural scenes of the apse sported many colours while the remaining part of the sacrum was brightened up with three-colour, geometric patterns. To complete the range of colours, floor tiles were added. Examples have been provided of specialist painting analyses. The entire arrangement has been compared with selected colourful medieval structures. References have been made to the symbolism of the colours used in the Middle Ages and thecontemporary, erroneous perception of Romanesque architecture as rustic, devoid of plaster and colours.
{"title":"KILKA UWAG O KOLORYSTYCE BAZYLIKI NORBERTANEK W STRZELNIE W XIII-XIV WIEKU","authors":"Krystyna Sulkowska-Tuszyńska","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article sums up the reflections on the relics of medieval plaster and layers of paint on the walls, columns and pillars of the Norbertine nuns convent in Strzelno completed around the 2nd-3rd quarter of the 13th century. The relics of the polychromies observed by numerous enthusiasts of the Romanesque Strzelno and discovered during archaeological excavations were topped with the results of conservation-restoration works which uncovered the first figural polychromies in the chancel’s apse. Following verification of the dating of the colours of the church’s interior, an indication was made that in the 13th century, the colour red prevailed; in the 15th-16th centuries, the figural scenes of the apse sported many colours while the remaining part of the sacrum was brightened up with three-colour, geometric patterns. To complete the range of colours, floor tiles were added. Examples have been provided of specialist painting analyses. The entire arrangement has been compared with selected colourful medieval structures. References have been made to the symbolism of the colours used in the Middle Ages and thecontemporary, erroneous perception of Romanesque architecture as rustic, devoid of plaster and colours.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114617004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Сучасний урбаністичний розвиток, надто в українських реаліях, навряд можна назвати контрольованим. Місцями хижацька, нераціональна та некомфортна забудова – дамоклів меч не тільки історичної забудови, а й екологічних проблем. Території заповідників є гарантовано захищені державою від будь-якого свавілля забудовників. Митрополичий сад Національного заповідника „Києво-Печерська лавра” як яскравий приклад комплексного вивчення та збереження – основа сталого розвитку міського середовища. Ця локація протягом десятків років є об’єктом багатовекторного дослідження. Археологічне вивчення цієї території розпочалося в середині минулого століття і, з певними перервами, продовжується до сьогодні. За цей час тут виявлено і повністю або частково досліджено низку різних за типом та хронологією археологічних пам’яток, комплекс яких доволі точно віддзеркалює основні етапи історичного розвитку зазначеної території та епохальні зміни в характері її використання. У результаті багаторічних досліджень тут розкрито понад 700 м2 і встановлено наявність чотирьох основних культурно-хронологічних горизонтів, а саме: пам’яток ранньозалізного віку (VI-V ст. до н.е.), періоду Київської Русі (XI-XIII ст.), Русько-Литовського періоду (XIV-XVI ст.), доби Модерну та Нового часу. Завдяки археологічним дослідженням ми отримали дані про первинний рельєф території Митрополичого саду та змогли виділити два періоди природно-антропогенного розвитку цієї локації. Паралельно з археологічним вивченням проходили історичні студії Архімандричого саду з його трансформацією в Митрополичий, визначалися особливості його планувальної структури. У статті представлені реконструкції всіх типів флори, які могли рости у Печерському монастирі, починаючи з періоду Київської Русі, та дослідження рослинності вже існуючого саду з XVII ст. до наших днів. Сьогодні розглядається ідея створення Археологічного парку на території Митрополичого саду Національного заповідника „Києво-Печерська лавра”.
{"title":"КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МИТРОПОЛИЧОГО САДУ КИЄВО-ПЕЧЕРСЬКОЇ ЛАВРИ","authors":"Сергій Володимирович Тараненко","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.3","url":null,"abstract":"Сучасний урбаністичний розвиток, надто в українських реаліях, навряд можна назвати контрольованим. Місцями хижацька, нераціональна та некомфортна забудова – дамоклів меч не тільки історичної забудови, а й екологічних проблем. Території заповідників є гарантовано захищені державою від будь-якого свавілля забудовників. Митрополичий сад Національного заповідника „Києво-Печерська лавра” як яскравий приклад комплексного вивчення та збереження – основа сталого розвитку міського середовища. Ця локація протягом десятків років є об’єктом багатовекторного дослідження. Археологічне вивчення цієї території розпочалося в середині минулого століття і, з певними перервами, продовжується до сьогодні. За цей час тут виявлено і повністю або частково досліджено низку різних за типом та хронологією археологічних пам’яток, комплекс яких доволі точно віддзеркалює основні етапи історичного розвитку зазначеної території та епохальні зміни в характері її використання. У результаті багаторічних досліджень тут розкрито понад 700 м2 і встановлено наявність чотирьох основних культурно-хронологічних горизонтів, а саме: пам’яток ранньозалізного віку (VI-V ст. до н.е.), періоду Київської Русі (XI-XIII ст.), Русько-Литовського періоду (XIV-XVI ст.), доби Модерну та Нового часу. Завдяки археологічним дослідженням ми отримали дані про первинний рельєф території Митрополичого саду та змогли виділити два періоди природно-антропогенного розвитку цієї локації. Паралельно з археологічним вивченням проходили історичні студії Архімандричого саду з його трансформацією в Митрополичий, визначалися особливості його планувальної структури. У статті представлені реконструкції всіх типів флори, які могли рости у Печерському монастирі, починаючи з періоду Київської Русі, та дослідження рослинності вже існуючого саду з XVII ст. до наших днів. Сьогодні розглядається ідея створення Археологічного парку на території Митрополичого саду Національного заповідника „Києво-Печерська лавра”.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117028722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gord of Szarlej is located on a small peninsula on the south-western coast of Lake Szarlej at the mouth of the river Noteć. Gopło - a ribbon lake – reached that far in the late Middle Ages. The gord of Szarlej was established in the last decade of the first half of the 14th century on the initiative of Kazimierz Ziemomysłowic, a Kuyavian prince and the lord of Gniewkowo, or alternatively by his son and successor, Władysław the White. The gord in Szarlej was built following destruction of the previous ducal residence in Gniewkowo during an invasion of the Teutonic Knights in 1332. The stronghold was a favourite residence of Władysław the White, prince of Gniewkowo until 1363 when he placed a lien against it to Kazimierz the Great, king of Poland. Most probably, after 1382 another ruler of Kuyavia, prince Vladislav II of Opole, handed over the stronghold in Szarlej to the affluent Kuyavian Ostoja family. The first nobility owner of the Szarlej estate (encompassing the stronghold, the villages, Łojewo, Witowy and Karczyn), confirmed in the sources, was Mikołaj of Ściborze (†1457). He was a member of the political elite of late-medieval Kuyavia.
{"title":"NADGOPLAŃSKI GRÓD SZARLEJ I JEGO WŁAŚCICIELE W ŚREDNIOWIECZU","authors":"Joanna Karczewska, Dariusz Karczewski","doi":"10.14746/sa.2021.62.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sa.2021.62.17","url":null,"abstract":"The gord of Szarlej is located on a small peninsula on the south-western coast of Lake Szarlej at the mouth of the river Noteć. Gopło - a ribbon lake – reached that far in the late Middle Ages. The gord of Szarlej was established in the last decade of the first half of the 14th century on the initiative of Kazimierz Ziemomysłowic, a Kuyavian prince and the lord of Gniewkowo, or alternatively by his son and successor, Władysław the White. The gord in Szarlej was built following destruction of the previous ducal residence in Gniewkowo during an invasion of the Teutonic Knights in 1332. The stronghold was a favourite residence of Władysław the White, prince of Gniewkowo until 1363 when he placed a lien against it to Kazimierz the Great, king of Poland. Most probably, after 1382 another ruler of Kuyavia, prince Vladislav II of Opole, handed over the stronghold in Szarlej to the affluent Kuyavian Ostoja family. The first nobility owner of the Szarlej estate (encompassing the stronghold, the villages, Łojewo, Witowy and Karczyn), confirmed in the sources, was Mikołaj of Ściborze (†1457). He was a member of the political elite of late-medieval Kuyavia.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123663153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article contains an analysis of archaeological and historical sources related to the Świna, one of three straits constituting the mouth of the Oder to the Baltic. By referring to the sources, an attempt was made to evaluate the ways of taking advantage of the strait and its significance in the early Middle Ages.
{"title":"O znaczeniu Świny we wczesnym średniowieczu","authors":"M. Rębkowski","doi":"10.14746/SA.2018.59.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/SA.2018.59.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains an analysis of archaeological and historical sources related to the Świna, one of three straits constituting the mouth of the Oder to the Baltic. By referring to the sources, an attempt was made to evaluate the ways of taking advantage of the strait and its significance in the early Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123746518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2016, an Early Medieval sword scabbard chape was handed over to the Museum of Kostrzyn Fortress. According to the person submitting it, it was found about 5-6 years earlier in the northern part of Kostrzyn nad Odrą. The main decorative motif of the openwork field is a heraldically arranged bird. The closest analogies to the chape in question are dated to the second half of the 10th and 11th century. Artefacts of this type could have been produced in Scandinavia, but also in the Rus and Baltic areas. Unfortunately, we are not able to say what raw material was used to cast the artefact in question. An analysis of the metal composition of the find carried out on the surface of the artefact demonstrated that a very heterogeneous lead alloy was used, which could have also been a result of lead-bleaching. The same technology was also observed on the chapes from Ruthenia. Scholars have explained the presence of an ornithomorphic motif on the surface of the artefact in various ways
{"title":"A sword scabbard chape with a depiction of a bird of prey from the surroundings of Kostrzyn","authors":"A. Michalak, K. Socha","doi":"10.14746/SA.2017.58.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/SA.2017.58.10","url":null,"abstract":"In 2016, an Early Medieval sword scabbard chape was handed over to the Museum of Kostrzyn Fortress. According to the person submitting it, it was found about 5-6 years earlier in the northern part of Kostrzyn nad Odrą. The main decorative motif of the openwork field is a heraldically arranged bird. The closest analogies to the chape in question are dated to the second half of the 10th and 11th century. Artefacts of this type could have been produced in Scandinavia, but also in the Rus and Baltic areas. Unfortunately, we are not able to say what raw material was used to cast the artefact in question. An analysis of the metal composition of the find carried out on the surface of the artefact demonstrated that a very heterogeneous lead alloy was used, which could have also been a result of lead-bleaching. The same technology was also observed on the chapes from Ruthenia. Scholars have explained the presence of an ornithomorphic motif on the surface of the artefact in various ways","PeriodicalId":350716,"journal":{"name":"Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134183300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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