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SOJ Neurology and Neuroscience最新文献

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Neuroscience 神经科学
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2022.02.000508
Gilson de Abreu Viza Junior
Infectious diseases take time to show clinical signs. The most common is to present a dysfunction of the target organ, that is, if the infection is in the neural system the most common sign is headache, if the infection is pulmonary the most common symptom is cough, if the infection is in gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea. However, there are more general signs such as fever, in appetence and dynamic, which are generalized manifestations that reflect that the organ system is experiencing an infection. There are complementary tests that help in the correct diagnosis of these infections.
传染病需要一段时间才能表现出临床症状。最常见的是表现为靶器官功能障碍,也就是说,如果感染是在神经系统,最常见的症状是头痛,如果感染是肺部,最常见的症状是咳嗽,如果感染是在胃肠道,腹泻。然而,有更多的一般症状,如发烧,食欲不振和动力,这些是反映器官系统正在经历感染的全身性表现。有一些辅助测试可以帮助正确诊断这些感染。
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引用次数: 0
Covid-19, Carnosine and Cognition Covid-19、肌肽与认知
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000506
A. Hipkiss
The possible ameliorative roles of the dipeptide carnosine with respect to Covid-19 viral infection and associated pathologies are discussed. In particular carnosine’s ability to suppress age-related changes in carbohydrate metabolism which normally exacerbate Covid-19-induced dysfunction as well as the dipeptide’s anti-inflammatory activity is considered. As carnosine is normally present in the olfactory lobe and that anosmia (loss of sense of smell) is a common feature of Covid-19’s effect on humans, the possibility that nasal administration of carnosine could be therapeutic is considered as a means of raising levels of the dipeptide in the olfactory lobe and thereby alleviates virus-mediated neuropathology.
讨论了二肽肌肽在Covid-19病毒感染和相关病理方面可能的改善作用。特别是肌肽抑制碳水化合物代谢的年龄相关变化的能力,这种变化通常会加剧covid -19诱导的功能障碍,以及二肽的抗炎活性。由于肌肽通常存在于嗅叶中,而嗅觉缺失(嗅觉丧失)是Covid-19对人类影响的一个共同特征,因此,通过鼻腔给药肌肽可能具有治疗作用的可能性被认为是提高嗅叶中二肽水平的一种手段,从而减轻病毒介导的神经病理学。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Mutations on Genes KRT3 & KRT12 in Meesmann Corneal Dystrophy Syndrome KRT3和KRT12基因突变在Meesmann角膜营养不良综合征中的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2022.02.000509
S. Asadi
Meesmann corneal dystrophy syndrome is a genetic disorder of the eye that affects the cornea. This condition is characterized by the formation of small round cysts in all parts of the corneal layer, called the corneal epithelium. Meesmann corneal dystrophy syndrome is caused by a mutation in the KRT12 gene, which is located in the long arm of chromosome 17 as 17q21.2, or the KRT3 gene, which is located in the long arm of chromosome 12, as 12q13.13.
Meesmann角膜营养不良综合征是一种影响角膜的遗传性眼睛疾病。这种疾病的特点是在角膜所有部位形成小的圆形囊肿,称为角膜上皮。Meesmann角膜营养不良综合征是由位于17号染色体长臂上的KRT12基因(17q21.2)或位于12号染色体长臂上的KRT3基因(12q13.13)突变引起的。
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引用次数: 0
Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease: it’s Therapeutics 帕金森病中的痴呆:治疗学
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000501
A. Chakraborty
Background: Dementia is a cognitive degenerative disease generally associated with Alzheimer disease, but victims with Parkinson’s disease also develops dementia at the latter stage. Dementia associates with irreversible loss of memory, and no medicinal cure is yet available. We here put some light on possible cell therapy for dementia. Aim: Neural stem cells are multipotent cells which are capable of self-replication and differentiation into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. They produce Dopamine, neural factors, and therefore, one can expect that NSC transplantation can ultimately provide a better therapeutic approach in the treatment of dementia as well as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: We discussed the merits and demerits of using hNSCs cells over other possible candidate cells. Results: As we found that hNSCs can secrete Dopamine as well as some neurotropic factors, like Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and Glial cell-Derived Neurotropic Factors (GDNF) which can support the proliferation of hNSCS and its Dopamine production ability, hNSCs can supply dopamine and also can stop α-synuclein aggregation. Conclusion: hNSCs, therefore, could be a better cell regiment for cell transplantation therapy for dementia as well as PD.
背景:痴呆症是一种认知退行性疾病,通常与阿尔茨海默病有关,但帕金森病患者也会在后期发展为痴呆症。痴呆症与不可逆转的记忆丧失有关,目前还没有药物可以治愈。我们在这里为痴呆症可能的细胞疗法提供了一些线索。目的:神经干细胞是中枢神经系统中具有自我复制和分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞或少突胶质细胞的多能细胞。它们产生多巴胺和神经因子,因此,可以预期NSC移植最终可以为治疗痴呆和帕金森病(PD)提供更好的治疗方法。方法:我们讨论了使用hNSCs细胞比其他可能的候选细胞的优点和缺点。结果:我们发现hNSCs能够分泌多巴胺以及一些神经营养因子,如脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-Derived neurotropic Factor, BDNF)和胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(Glial cell-Derived neurotropic factors, GDNF),这些神经营养因子支持hNSCs的增殖和多巴胺的产生能力,hNSCs能够供应多巴胺,并能够阻止α-突触核蛋白的聚集。结论:hNSCs可作为一种较好的细胞移植治疗痴呆和帕金森病的细胞团。
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引用次数: 0
A Simplified Overview of the Current Non-Surgical Treatment of Brain Tumor Patients with Special Emphasis on Its Complications. A Much Needed Contemporary Review Especially for Neurosurgeons 目前脑肿瘤非手术治疗的简单概述,特别强调其并发症。一个非常需要的当代评论,特别是对神经外科医生
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000507
A. Chaturbedi
Brain tumors are complex entities with facts as numerous as stars in our sky, uncountable. They exist and thus every treating physician and surgeon happens to come across it. We try to put major contemporary practices and facts in a single bucket from learned skills of neurology and oncology tradition and things we received as feedback from our patients in clinical settings. Purpose of this work is to refresh your knowledge and preparedness for seeing patients with brain cancer. Brain tumors are molecularly heterogeneous and their features depend upon size, site, and genetic make-up of tumor, aggressive growth, and adjacent structures. Complications and their management are very challenging. This article will comfortably sail you through various aspects of management of brain cancers.
脑瘤是一个复杂的实体,其事实就像我们天空中的星星一样多,无法计数。它们确实存在,因此每个主治医师和外科医生都碰巧遇到过。我们试图把主要的当代实践和事实放在一个单一的桶里,从神经学和肿瘤学的学习技能,传统和我们从临床环境中从病人那里得到的反馈。这项工作的目的是更新你的知识和准备看脑癌患者。脑肿瘤是分子异质性的,其特征取决于肿瘤的大小、部位、基因组成、侵袭性生长和邻近结构。并发症及其处理非常具有挑战性。这篇文章将轻松地引导你了解脑癌管理的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
Significance of Cortical Micro-Infarcts in the Human Brain 人脑皮层微梗死的意义
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000503
J. De Reuck
Cortical micro-infarcts are due to cerebral small vessel disease. In contrast to the arteriosclerotic type of cerebral small vessel disease, cortical micro-infarcts are mainly related and due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Alzheimer’s disease is the most frequent neurodegenerative dementia disease associated to cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cortical micro-infarcts. Vascular dementia cannot only be due to lacunar infarcts and ischemic white matter changes, but can also be caused by cortical micro-infarcts. The latter are a frequent cause of vascular dementia and decrease globally the cerebral blood flow.
皮层微梗死是由脑血管疾病引起的。与动脉硬化型脑小血管疾病不同,皮质微梗死主要与脑淀粉样血管病相关并由其引起。阿尔茨海默病是最常见的与脑淀粉样血管病和皮层微梗死相关的神经退行性痴呆疾病。血管性痴呆不仅可由腔隙性梗死和缺血性白质改变引起,也可由皮层微梗死引起。后者是血管性痴呆的常见原因,并减少脑血流量。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Patient Centred Care in a Dementia Ward in an Acute Hospital 以病人为中心的护理在急性痴呆病房的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000502
L. Ching
The older persons with dementia will occupy more hospital beds in the years to come. Caring for a patient living with dementia is challenging for the hospital staff, especially for those exhibiting neuropsychiatric symptoms. Providing person centred care has been recognised as the ideal model of care for the persons with dementia. However, this care model is time consuming and requires training and education. Provision of good care in the hospital for the older persons with dementia include avoidance of restraints, prescription of psychotropics, in-hospital fall reduction, minimising risk of cognitive and functional decline with discharge home to their families and loved ones.Person centred care is effective in the acute setting,with proper training, guidance and leadership.
今后几年,老年痴呆症患者将占用更多的医院床位。照顾痴呆症患者对医院工作人员来说是一项挑战,尤其是对那些表现出神经精神症状的患者。提供以人为本的护理已被认为是照顾痴呆症患者的理想模式。然而,这种护理模式是耗时的,需要培训和教育。在医院为患有痴呆症的老年人提供良好的护理包括避免约束、开具精神药物处方、减少住院跌倒、最大限度地减少认知和功能下降的风险,以便出院回家与家人和亲人团聚。在适当的培训、指导和领导下,以人为本的护理在急性环境中是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
The 30 Top-Cited Articles on Os Odontoideum: A Bibliometric Study Odontoideum的30篇被引文章:文献计量学研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000504
Weixin Li
Objective: To evaluate the top 30 most-cited articles in the literature on os odontoideum. Methods: A search using the Web of Science database and the search phrase "os odontoideum" was conducted. The 30 most-cited articles on osodontoideum were analyzed. The study was performed in May 2020. We searched for articles published between 1920 and 2020. Articles were sorted and ranked according to the total number of citations. We evaluated the following information of each article, including first author, journal, title, number of citations, average citation per year, and author affiliation. Results: A total of 357 studies matched our search criteria, of which the top 30 most-cited ranged between 232 and 60 citations. The article by Dickman et al. published in Neurosurgery, was the most-cited article with a total citation of 232, followed by Dickman et al. with 221 and Smoker et al. with 179. Menezes was the most cited first authors, with 4 articles, followed by Dickman with 3 articles. Child's Nervous System, Journal of Neurosurgery, and Spine were three most frequent destination journals. Most of the articles originated from the United States (n=24) and University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics published 6 articles and was the highest in the number of most-cited articles. Most of the articles focused on the clinical management of osodontoideum (83.3%). Conclusion: The current study confers a better understanding of current treatment strategies and the advances in the management of osodontoideum. It helps guide the clinical management and academic achievements.
目的:对文献中被引频次最高的30篇牙状突牙相关文章进行评价。方法:使用Web of Science数据库,以“os odontoideum”为检索词进行检索。对被引次数最多的30篇骨齿病文献进行分析。该研究于2020年5月进行。我们检索了1920年至2020年间发表的文章。文章根据被引用的总次数进行排序和排名。我们评估了每篇文章的以下信息,包括第一作者、期刊、标题、被引次数、每年平均被引次数和作者隶属关系。结果:共有357篇研究符合我们的搜索标准,其中被引次数最多的前30篇在232 ~ 60次之间。Dickman et al.发表在《神经外科》杂志上的文章被引用次数最多,为232次,其次是Dickman et al. 221次,smoke et al. 179次。梅内塞斯是被引用次数最多的第一作者,有4篇文章,其次是迪克曼,有3篇文章。《儿童神经系统》、《神经外科杂志》和《脊柱》是三个最常见的目标期刊。大多数文章来自美国(n=24),爱荷华大学医院和诊所发表了6篇文章,被引次数最多。83.3%的文章集中在骨齿状突的临床治疗上。结论:本研究对目前的治疗策略和牙状突的治疗进展有了更好的了解。它有助于指导临床管理和学术成果。
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引用次数: 0
Paranoid Hostility but Not Depressive Symptoms Associated with Cytokines During the Premenstrual Phase in Young Women 年轻女性经前期偏执敌意而非抑郁症状与细胞因子相关
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53902/sojnn.2021.01.000505
Syros Ioannis
It is well known that some women, during their premenstrual phase, express Hostility (Ho) and Depressive symptoms (De). Various studies indicate that Ho and De correlate with circulating concentrations of cytokines. These data support the hypothesis of an inflammation-sensitive mechanism linked to certain psychological states. The aim of this study was to correlate Ho and De with selective proinflammatory cytokines during the menstrual cycle in young women. Twenty-two physically healthy medical students, mean age 22.95+2.83(SD), were studied. All reported regular menses that ranged between 27-33 days. Blood was drawn three times across a single cycle: at follicular phase (FL), at mid luteal phase (ML) and at late luteal phase (LL) corresponding to the premenstrual phase. The following proinflammatory cytokines were determined at each sample: Interleukin 8 (IL-8), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 1α (IL-1α), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). Immediately before blood sampling the women completed the Zung self-rating depression scale and the hostility and direction of hostility questionnaire (HDHQ), which comprises five subscales: urge to act out hostility, criticism of others, paranoid hostility, self-criticism and delusional guilt. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to determine the relation between variables at the specific time points; ρ<0.05 was considered significant. Mean values of cytokines did not change significantly throughout the menstrual cycle. Paranoid hostility was positively correlated with IL-8 (Rs=0.476, p=0.046), IL-1α (Rs=0.458, p=0.048) and TNF-α (Rs=0.518, p=0.023) in LLphase. No other significant correlation was found. Cytokines correlate with paranoid hostility and this correlation is probably related with the premenstrual hormonal changes. It is difficult to evaluate the clinical significance of our findings, nevertheless, when exploring the above association, it is necessary to take into consideration the phase of the cycle as well as the special aspects of Ho we seek to study.
众所周知,一些妇女在经前期表现出敌意(Ho)和抑郁症状(De)。各种研究表明Ho和De与细胞因子的循环浓度相关。这些数据支持了炎症敏感机制与某些心理状态有关的假设。本研究的目的是将Ho和De与年轻女性月经周期中的选择性促炎细胞因子联系起来。体格健康的医学生22人,平均年龄22.95+2.83(SD)。所有人的月经规律都在27-33天之间。在一个周期内抽取三次血:在卵泡期(FL),在黄体中期(ML)和黄体晚期(LL)对应于经前期。在每个样品中检测以下促炎细胞因子:白细胞介素8 (IL-8)、白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素1α (IL-1α)和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)。在抽血前,女性完成了Zung抑郁自评量表和敌意与敌意方向问卷(HDHQ),该问卷包括五个分量表:敌意行为冲动、批评他人、偏执敌意、自我批评和妄想内疚。采用Spearman秩相关法确定各变量在特定时间点的关系;ρ<0.05为显著性。在整个月经周期中,细胞因子的平均值没有显著变化。偏执敌意与ll期IL-8 (Rs=0.476, p=0.046)、IL-1α (Rs=0.458, p=0.048)、TNF-α (Rs=0.518, p=0.023)呈正相关。未发现其他显著相关性。细胞因子与偏执敌意相关,这种相关性可能与经前激素变化有关。很难评估我们的发现的临床意义,然而,在探索上述关联时,有必要考虑周期的阶段以及我们寻求研究的Ho的特殊方面。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
SOJ Neurology and Neuroscience
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