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Quality differentiation in the Italian wine industry: terroir-based vs. brand-based strategies 意大利葡萄酒行业的质量差异:以风土为基础vs.以品牌为基础的战略
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009835
L. Camanzi, Cristina Grazia, É. Giraud-Héraud, G. Malorgio
This study assesses the reasons that induce wine firms to choose their differentiation strategy, namely a terroir-based or a brand-based approach, considering both endogenous factors (e.g., firm size, nature of upstream-downstream relations) and exogenous conditions (market size/opportunities, collective brand reputation). First, we provide an empirical characterisation of the Italian denomination of origin wine processing and bottling industry as well as of firms' quality differentiation strategies, by means of a cluster analysis (CLA). Based on these results, we developed an industrial organisation model explaining the incentives for firms to adopt each strategy in a competitive context, focusing on the trade-off between terroir-based strategies and brand-based strategies. We conclude that brand-based strategies are motivated mostly by scale economies, short-run market opportunities and synergies between brand and designations of origin, while the main reasons prompting firms to choose terroir-based strategies relate to supply chain control, low demand uncertainty and competition intensity.
在考虑内生因素(如企业规模、上下游关系的性质)和外生条件(市场规模/机会、集体品牌声誉)的情况下,本研究评估了促使葡萄酒企业选择差异化战略的原因,即以风土为基础还是以品牌为基础。首先,我们通过聚类分析(CLA)提供了意大利原产葡萄酒加工和装瓶行业以及公司质量差异化战略的实证特征。基于这些结果,我们开发了一个产业组织模型,解释了企业在竞争环境中采用每种战略的动机,重点关注了基于风土的战略和基于品牌的战略之间的权衡。研究发现,规模经济、短期市场机会和品牌与原产地名称之间的协同效应是推动品牌战略的主要因素,而供应链控制、低需求不确定性和竞争强度是促使企业选择基于风土的战略的主要原因。
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引用次数: 8
Transformation of Colombian small coffee growers and new scenarios for their competitiveness 哥伦比亚小型咖啡种植者的转型及其竞争力的新方案
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009853
Mabel Manrique Ramos, F. Chamorro, Laura Estefania Rodriguez Bejarano, Karen Alexandra Acevedo Calderón, L. Gómez
Coffee has historically contributed to the economic and social development of Colombia; However, in the last decades, this agricultural subsector has faced several challenges, both from the international market, which includes the decline in price levels due to the expansion of supply and internal factors, as the revaluation of the peso, phytosanitary risks, and the reduction of available labour, among others. In this sense, this paper aims to identify the transformations of small Colombian coffee growers and some of the new strategies that can generate greater competitiveness. An inquiry is made about the changes that have occurred in the coffee industry in the last two decades, addressing factors such as technology, government policies, production and digital marketing strategies, to identify the key points in which to work to advance towards their development and well-being. In this regard, it is proposed how fair trade favours the commercial processes of small producers.
咖啡在历史上为哥伦比亚的经济和社会发展做出了贡献;然而,在过去几十年中,这一农业分部门面临着来自国际市场的若干挑战,其中包括由于供应扩大而导致的价格水平下降,以及内部因素,如比索的重估、植物检疫风险和可用劳动力的减少等。从这个意义上说,本文旨在确定哥伦比亚小型咖啡种植者的转型和一些可以产生更大竞争力的新战略。对咖啡行业在过去二十年中发生的变化进行了调查,解决了诸如技术,政府政策,生产和数字营销策略等因素,以确定努力推进其发展和福祉的关键点。在这方面,有人提出公平贸易如何有利于小生产者的商业过程。
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引用次数: 1
New development opportunities for the craft brewing segment: the case study of a micro-malthouse 精酿领域的新发展机遇:微型麦芽屋的案例研究
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009848
V. Alfeo, A. Todaro, A. Asciuto, V. Borsellino, E. Schimmenti
In Italy in the past few years, the number of small breweries penetrating the craft beer sector has grown exponentially. Craft producers intend to give a strong added value and a local character to their production in different ways. One of these is the use of malt derived from small batches of local cereals and pseudo cereals. The aim of this study is the assessment of investment profitability, through a cost-benefit analysis (CBA), for a compact and a modular micro-malting plant in Sicily (Southern Italy). The CBA for a micro-malthouse was carried out considering both installation and operating costs. Net present value (NPV), discounted benefit-cost ratio (DBCR) and internal rate of return (IRR) highlight the feasibility of an investment in a compact 2-tonnes micro-malthouse. Sensitivity analysis shows positive results of the above financial indices up to a 15% increase in the raw material costs, while with a 10% reduction of malt selling price, the same indices start being negative.
在过去的几年里,意大利进入精酿啤酒行业的小啤酒厂数量呈指数级增长。手工艺品生产商打算以不同的方式为他们的产品赋予强大的附加值和地方特色。其中之一是使用从小批量当地谷物和伪谷物中提取的麦芽。本研究的目的是通过成本效益分析(CBA)对西西里岛(意大利南部)的紧凑型和模块化微型麦芽酿造厂的投资盈利能力进行评估。考虑到安装和运营成本,对微型酒店进行了CBA。净现值(NPV)、贴现收益成本比(DBCR)和内部回报率(IRR)突出了投资于紧凑的2吨微型酒店的可行性。敏感性分析表明,当原料成本增加15%时,上述财务指标的结果为正,而当麦芽销售价格降低10%时,这些指标开始为负。
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引用次数: 3
How the social responsibility creates value: models of innovation in Italian pasta industry 社会责任如何创造价值:意大利面食行业的创新模式
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009851
G. Marotta, Concetta Nazzaro, M. Stanco
The socio-economic changes of the last decades, in a context of markets globalisation and renewed environmental and food safety problems, have produced new sensitivities of the aware and responsible citizen consumers. In this constantly evolving scenario, agribusiness enterprises, in order to maintain competitiveness in the world market, have fielded efforts to introduce new strategies and paradigms into their corporate approaches. They were inspired more and more to the sustainability and to the social responsibility for pursuing the value creation and for meeting the citizens consumers' needs. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the theoretical debate on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in agri-food and through the analysis of a case study in Italian pasta industry to evaluate the performance of social responsibility in order to value creation. The results are very interesting and confirm the positive relationship, repeatedly stressed in the literature, between orientation to social responsibility and the firm's economic and financial performances.
在市场全球化和环境和食品安全问题重新出现的背景下,过去几十年的社会经济变化使有觉悟和负责任的公民消费者产生了新的敏感性。在这种不断发展的情况下,农业综合企业为了保持在世界市场上的竞争力,已经努力在其企业方法中引入新的战略和范式。他们越来越意识到可持续发展和追求价值创造和满足公民消费者需求的社会责任。本文的目的是促进农业食品企业社会责任(CSR)的理论辩论,并通过对意大利面食行业的案例研究分析来评估社会责任的表现,以创造价值。研究结果非常有趣,并证实了文献中反复强调的社会责任取向与企业经济和财务绩效之间的正相关关系。
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引用次数: 18
Attitude toward food waste reduction: the case of Italian consumers 减少食物浪费的态度:以意大利消费者为例
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009849
M. Fiore, G. Pellegrini, P. L. Sala, A. Conte, Bin Liu
This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of household food waste by analysing Italian consumer behaviour. Specifically, the study tried to find the determining factors of household food waste and the main consumer motivations that may lead to reduction of food waste. In order to reach this goal, an online survey was carried out through a web-based questionnaire. Data analysis were conducted in the following steps: (1) a descriptive statistical analysis for illustrating the sample; (2) a correlation analysis followed by principal component analysis (PCA). Results show that consumers are aware of the environmental and economic impacts of food waste, although waste continues to occur at household level. The authors suggest that interventions should be taken to influence consumers' choices related to purchasing and consuming food, such as changing their planning and shopping routines. For policy makers and social marketers, the results implicate the crucial importance of avoiding food-related habits in consumers' lives.
本研究旨在通过分析意大利消费者行为来调查家庭食物浪费的动态。具体来说,本研究试图找到家庭食物浪费的决定因素,以及可能导致减少食物浪费的主要消费者动机。为了达到这一目标,通过基于网络的问卷进行了在线调查。数据分析的步骤如下:(1)对样本进行描述性统计分析;(2)先进行相关分析后进行主成分分析(PCA)。结果表明,消费者意识到食物浪费对环境和经济的影响,尽管浪费在家庭层面继续发生。作者建议,应该采取干预措施来影响消费者在购买和消费食品方面的选择,例如改变他们的计划和购物习惯。对于政策制定者和社会营销人员来说,研究结果表明,在消费者的生活中避免与食品有关的习惯至关重要。
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引用次数: 27
Social responsibility in the food sector: consumer approach 食品行业的社会责任:消费者视角
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10009850
L. Šimanskienė, E. Župerkienė, Aurimas Župerka
Evidently, in view of high competition in the today's world, each organisation strives both to increase its sales and to listen to consumer needs. However, this task is becoming increasingly difficult to achieve; therefore, the striving to become a socially responsible organisation can be seen as one of the measures towards this goal. It is extremely important in the food industry what product is offered to consumers, as it also involves the issue of public health. A conducted consumer survey identified consumer expectations, i.e., what they expect from socially responsible food industry companies and to what extent they are willing to support the performance of companies that meet their expectations. The research findings suggest that socially responsible behaviour of food companies has become an element of quality expected by customers, but they are not necessarily willing to pay more for that.
显然,鉴于当今世界的激烈竞争,每个组织都在努力增加销售额和倾听消费者的需求。然而,这项任务正变得越来越难以实现;因此,努力成为一个对社会负责的组织可以被视为实现这一目标的措施之一。在食品工业中,向消费者提供什么产品是极其重要的,因为这也涉及到公共卫生问题。一项进行的消费者调查确定了消费者的期望,即他们对对社会负责的食品工业公司的期望,以及他们愿意在多大程度上支持满足他们期望的公司的业绩。研究结果表明,食品公司的社会责任行为已成为消费者所期望的质量要素,但他们不一定愿意为此付出更多。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in the international wine market competitiveness 国际葡萄酒市场竞争力的变化
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.10011023
A. Galati, Salvatore Tinervia, M. Crescimanno, F. Spezia
This study offers a contribution to understanding the complexity of the international wine trade analysing the specialisation patterns of 14 among the most important wine world actors in the period 2007&2016, in order to verify if the patterns of comparative advantages for the trade of this countries have experienced significant changes. Using the Lafay index, as a comparative advantage measure, our results reveal deep changes in the global wine market exchange. Our result constitutes a base element for the future development of the competitive scenario and provides some both theoretical and practical implications. In the baseline projection, the maintenance of the competitive position is closely linked to the needs to know the specificities, the differences, the sizes and the economic opportunities for each of the countries target, in order to undertake targeted actions and effective strategies.
本研究对理解国际葡萄酒贸易的复杂性做出了贡献,分析了2007年和2016年期间14个最重要的葡萄酒世界参与者的专业化模式,以验证这些国家的贸易比较优势模式是否经历了重大变化。使用拉菲指数作为比较优势衡量,我们的结果揭示了全球葡萄酒市场交换的深刻变化。我们的研究结果构成了未来竞争情景发展的基本要素,并提供了一些理论和实践意义。在基线预测中,保持竞争地位与了解每个国家的具体情况、差异、规模和经济机会的需要密切相关,以便采取目标明确的行动和有效的战略。
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引用次数: 13
Exploring social customer relationship management in Australian small and medium enterprises 澳洲中小企业社会化客户关系管理的探索
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2017.089899
K. Yawised, N. Torugsa, W. O'Donoghue
Social customer relationship management (SCRM) is a new business concept and strategy that utilises and integrates social networking with ‘traditional’ CRM processes and strategies in order to bring about superior engagement with customers. There is a paucity of scholarly empirical research into SCRM in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper describes the first large-scale survey-based study in Australia that explores the role and nature of SCRM in SMEs. Using a sample of 967 Australian SMEs (comprising 540 SCRM adopters and 427 SCRM non-adopters) and employing both descriptive and simple inferential statistics, we investigate the current level of SCRM adoption, types of social networking sites used with SCRM, business objectives for SCRM engagement, methods of sourcing or implementing a SCRM system, SCRM implementation-related activities, as well as the benefits and barriers related to SCRM implementation. The study results reveal that SCRM adoption by Australian SMEs has been relatively ad hoc, superficial (even primitive) and usually not supported by a formal integrated strategy and policy framework. Although SMEs that have adopted SCRM did so with the expectation of benefits, particularly in terms of building brand and establishing customer loyalty/intention, the study shows that SCRM benefits are often not immediately apparent in the short term; the results also indicate that lack of time and knowledge of how to implement SCRM effectively are critical barriers to successful SCRM adoption by SMEs. Our findings suggest further research is needed in this area.
社交客户关系管理(Social customer relationship management,简称SCRM)是一种新的商业概念和战略,它将社交网络与“传统”的客户关系管理流程和战略相结合,以实现与客户的卓越互动。目前学术界对中小企业的供应链管理的实证研究还很缺乏。本文描述了澳大利亚第一次大规模的基于调查的研究,探讨了SCRM在中小企业中的作用和性质。我们以967家澳大利亚中小企业(包括540家采用SCRM的企业和427家未采用SCRM的企业)为样本,采用描述性和简单的推断性统计,调查了目前采用SCRM的水平、使用SCRM的社交网站类型、参与SCRM的商业目标、采购或实施SCRM系统的方法、与SCRM实施相关的活动,以及与SCRM实施相关的好处和障碍。研究结果表明,澳大利亚中小企业采用SCRM相对来说是临时的、肤浅的(甚至是原始的),通常没有正式的综合战略和政策框架的支持。虽然采用供应链管理的中小企业期望从中受益,特别是在建立品牌和建立客户忠诚度/意向方面,但研究表明,供应链管理的好处往往不会在短期内立即显现;结果还表明,缺乏时间和知识如何有效地实施供应链管理是中小企业成功采用供应链管理的关键障碍。我们的研究结果表明,这一领域需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 7
Public-private partnerships from a business management perspective - risks and opportunities for SMEs in Europe 企业管理视角下的公私伙伴关系——欧洲中小企业的风险与机遇
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2016-11-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2016.080377
G. Festa, M. T. Cuomo, D. Tortora, Gerardino Metallo
This paper concerns project financing initiatives from a general perspective with a particular focus on small and medium enterprises, emphasising the importance of operational management for special purpose vehicles. In fact, this study, mainly from a theoretical point of view, focuses on business management as a strategic and operative flywheel for the successful functioning of project financing initiatives. In this way, small and medium enterprises can play an important role, even in public-private partnerships; although small and medium enterprises are usually not involved in public-private partnerships, they can be competitive in a different sense with respect to large enterprises simply by having more intense involvement in the management of special purpose vehicles. A focus on the role of small and medium enterprises in public-private partnerships in Europe, which are analysed through content analysis, shows evidence of significant opportunities, not only as subcontractors but also as attractors of innovative financing solutions.
本文从一般角度关注项目融资举措,特别关注中小型企业,强调特殊目的车辆运营管理的重要性。事实上,本研究主要从理论角度出发,重点关注企业管理作为项目融资举措成功运作的战略和操作飞轮。这样,中小型企业就可以发挥重要作用,即使在公私伙伴关系中也是如此;虽然中小型企业通常不参与公私伙伴关系,但它们只要更积极地参与特殊目的工具的管理,就可以在另一种意义上与大型企业相比具有竞争力。通过内容分析对欧洲公私伙伴关系中中小型企业的作用进行了重点分析,显示了重要机会的证据,不仅作为分包商,而且作为创新融资解决方案的吸引者。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of global networks and the foreign migrant workforce on Thai SMEs' satisfaction with their export performance: the mediating role of international knowledge 全球网络和外籍劳动力对泰国中小企业出口绩效满意度的影响:国际知识的中介作用
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2016-11-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJGSB.2016.080378
Nareeporn Tanchaitranon, Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol
This research investigates the interconnections of global networks, the sharing of the foreign migrant workforce and the international knowledge of the entrepreneurs' satisfaction with the export performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The results of our partial least squares analysis using a sample of 170 Thai entrepreneurial SMEs provide significant evidence that the degree of international knowledge is significantly higher in those SMEs that strongly emphasised establishing and maintaining networks with people in foreign markets, as well as in those SMEs that employed a higher share of the foreign migrant workforce. The entrepreneurial SMEs that possessed a higher degree of international knowledge and employed a higher share of the foreign migrant workforce tended to exhibit a greater satisfaction about their export performance.
本研究考察了全球网络的相互联系、外国移民劳动力的共享和企业家对中小企业出口绩效满意度的国际知识。我们对170家泰国创业型中小企业的样本进行偏最小二乘分析的结果提供了重要的证据,表明那些强烈强调与国外市场的人建立和维护网络的中小企业,以及那些雇用更多外国移民劳动力的中小企业,其国际知识程度明显更高。具有较高国际知识程度和雇用较高外国移民劳动力份额的创业型中小企业往往对其出口绩效表现出更高的满意度。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business
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