The purpose of this research is to substantiate the mathematical regularities of the harvester operation, allowing for rapid technical calculations of labor costs with a sufficient level of reliability when performing various logging operations. The article describes the simulation model of harvester movement in the cutting area, created by the authors to analyze the operation of the harvester at various logging sites. Examples of visualization of the program and the results obtained with its use are given. Four-factor experimental plan was drawn up with varying factors at four levels. The results obtained during the simulation have been statistically processed. The analyzed elements of the cycle time are: the average time of pointing the manipulator at a tree, the average time of moving a fallen tree to the processing zone and the average time of moving the harvester between working positions per felled tree. The regression dependencies obtained as a result of the analysis are based on four indicators. Such indicators are: the total stock of wood per hectare, the share of the felled component of the stand, the amount of undergrowth (rowan, bird cherry, willow, etc.) in the cutting area, the average volume of the tree in the cutting area. The found patterns give the researcher a general idea of the effectiveness of the equipment in specific natural conditions of cutting areas. The use of the acquired knowledge in the analysis of harvester performance will improve the accuracy of planning the work of logging crews.
{"title":"SIMULATION MODELING OF LOGGING HARVESTER MOVEMENTS DURING SELECTIVE LOGGING","authors":"K. Rukomojnikov, Tatiana Sergeeva","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-50146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-50146","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to substantiate the mathematical regularities of the harvester operation, allowing for rapid technical calculations of labor costs with a sufficient level of reliability when performing various logging operations. The article describes the simulation model of harvester movement in the cutting area, created by the authors to analyze the operation of the harvester at various logging sites. Examples of visualization of the program and the results obtained with its use are given. Four-factor experimental plan was drawn up with varying factors at four levels. The results obtained during the simulation have been statistically processed. The analyzed elements of the cycle time are: the average time of pointing the manipulator at a tree, the average time of moving a fallen tree to the processing zone and the average time of moving the harvester between working positions per felled tree. The regression dependencies obtained as a result of the analysis are based on four indicators. Such indicators are: the total stock of wood per hectare, the share of the felled component of the stand, the amount of undergrowth (rowan, bird cherry, willow, etc.) in the cutting area, the average volume of the tree in the cutting area. The found patterns give the researcher a general idea of the effectiveness of the equipment in specific natural conditions of cutting areas. The use of the acquired knowledge in the analysis of harvester performance will improve the accuracy of planning the work of logging crews.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Nyoman, Yudha Astana, Nyoman Aribudiman, Anak Agung, Ngurah Agung, Aditya Widajaya
Construction projects are complex and high-risk activities. Project risks can come from various factors, such as technical, environmental, social, and economic factors. Top management support and project risk mitigation are critical factors influencing construction project performance. This research analyzes the influence of top management support and project risk mitigation on construction project performance. This research method uses a quantitative statistical approach based on primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 construction companies in Bali Province, randomly selected from the population of construction companies that comprise large, medium, and small qualifications. Secondary data was obtained through a relevant literature review, which includes three variables, i.e., top management support, project risk mitigation, and construction project performance. The research shows that top management support and project risk mitigation significantly influence construction project performance. Top management support increases worker motivation and productivity, efficiency, work effectiveness, and work quality and safety in construction projects. Meanwhile, risk mitigation improves projects through control, time estimation, information presentation, worker motivation, technology, and resources. In addition, project risk mitigation is a mediating variable in the relationship between top management support and construction project performance.
{"title":"RISK MITIGATION AS A MEDIATING FACTOR IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOP MANAGEMENT SUPPORT AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECT PERFORMANCE","authors":"I. Nyoman, Yudha Astana, Nyoman Aribudiman, Anak Agung, Ngurah Agung, Aditya Widajaya","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-48671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-48671","url":null,"abstract":"Construction projects are complex and high-risk activities. Project risks can come from various factors, such as technical, environmental, social, and economic factors. Top management support and project risk mitigation are critical factors influencing construction project performance. This research analyzes the influence of top management support and project risk mitigation on construction project performance. This research method uses a quantitative statistical approach based on primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 construction companies in Bali Province, randomly selected from the population of construction companies that comprise large, medium, and small qualifications. Secondary data was obtained through a relevant literature review, which includes three variables, i.e., top management support, project risk mitigation, and construction project performance. The research shows that top management support and project risk mitigation significantly influence construction project performance. Top management support increases worker motivation and productivity, efficiency, work effectiveness, and work quality and safety in construction projects. Meanwhile, risk mitigation improves projects through control, time estimation, information presentation, worker motivation, technology, and resources. In addition, project risk mitigation is a mediating variable in the relationship between top management support and construction project performance.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents a comprehensive exploration of the application of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology for the 3D documentation of cultural heritage, focusing on the iconic Clock Tower of Tirana as a case study. Terrestrial laser scanning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of cultural heritage preservation, offering a non-intrusive and highly accurate method for capturing the intricate details of historical structures. The research employs state-of-the-art TLS equipment to create a detailed 3D model of the Clock Tower, a prominent cultural landmark in Tirana, Albania. The methodology involves scanning the exterior of the tower, capturing its architectural features, ornate decorations, and historical elements. The high precision of TLS facilitates the generation of a point cloud, enabling the creation of an accurate digital replica that serves as a valuable resource for conservation, research, and education. The study also explores the challenges and benefits associated with TLS technology in the context of cultural heritage documentation. Issues such as data processing, registration, and integration of multiple scans are addressed, emphasizing the importance of a meticulous approach to ensure the reliability of the 3D model. Additionally, the research highlights the potential of the digital model in supporting conservation efforts, risk assessment, and virtual tourism, promoting accessibility and understanding of cultural heritage for a wider audience. The findings of this study contribute to the growing body of knowledge on 3D documentation techniques for cultural heritage preservation and provide insights into the specific application of terrestrial laser scanning in the context of the Clock Tower of Tirana. The results underscore the significance of leveraging advanced technologies to safeguard and promote the rich cultural heritage embedded in historical structures, fostering a deeper appreciation for the past while ensuring its preservation for future generations
{"title":"3D DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING","authors":"Arli Llabani, Freskida Abazaj","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-50414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-50414","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive exploration of the application of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology for the 3D documentation of cultural heritage, focusing on the iconic Clock Tower of Tirana as a case study. Terrestrial laser scanning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of cultural heritage preservation, offering a non-intrusive and highly accurate method for capturing the intricate details of historical structures. The research employs state-of-the-art TLS equipment to create a detailed 3D model of the Clock Tower, a prominent cultural landmark in Tirana, Albania. The methodology involves scanning the exterior of the tower, capturing its architectural features, ornate decorations, and historical elements. The high precision of TLS facilitates the generation of a point cloud, enabling the creation of an accurate digital replica that serves as a valuable resource for conservation, research, and education. The study also explores the challenges and benefits associated with TLS technology in the context of cultural heritage documentation. Issues such as data processing, registration, and integration of multiple scans are addressed, emphasizing the importance of a meticulous approach to ensure the reliability of the 3D model. Additionally, the research highlights the potential of the digital model in supporting conservation efforts, risk assessment, and virtual tourism, promoting accessibility and understanding of cultural heritage for a wider audience. The findings of this study contribute to the growing body of knowledge on 3D documentation techniques for cultural heritage preservation and provide insights into the specific application of terrestrial laser scanning in the context of the Clock Tower of Tirana. The results underscore the significance of leveraging advanced technologies to safeguard and promote the rich cultural heritage embedded in historical structures, fostering a deeper appreciation for the past while ensuring its preservation for future generations","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toty Buzauova, Baglan Smailova, Igor Bartenev, Kunsulu Davletova
This article is devoted to researching the possibility of restoring straight-toothed large-module gears by electro-slag surfacing of individual defective teeth. During the work, an installation was designed and manufactured to restore gears that do not require further machining. A comparative analysis of the proposed technology with the traditional surfacing technique was carried out, paying attention to variables such as the composition of the surfacing material used, process parameters, stabilization of the electro-slag process, and ensuring the geometric dimensions and profile of the tooth. The study results demonstrate that the proposed technology provides higher hardness and wear resistance of remanufactured parts compared to traditional methods.
{"title":"RESTORATION OF LARGE MODULAR TEETH OF BALL MILL GEARS BY ELECTRO-SLAG SURFACE","authors":"Toty Buzauova, Baglan Smailova, Igor Bartenev, Kunsulu Davletova","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-49369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-49369","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to researching the possibility of restoring straight-toothed large-module gears by electro-slag surfacing of individual defective teeth. During the work, an installation was designed and manufactured to restore gears that do not require further machining. A comparative analysis of the proposed technology with the traditional surfacing technique was carried out, paying attention to variables such as the composition of the surfacing material used, process parameters, stabilization of the electro-slag process, and ensuring the geometric dimensions and profile of the tooth. The study results demonstrate that the proposed technology provides higher hardness and wear resistance of remanufactured parts compared to traditional methods.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Indonesia, traffic accidents occur on 23.55% of national roads and 75.08% of rural roads. The rural roads were identified as accident-prone areas. As a result, unsafe roads hinder population mobility, disrupt daily life, and reduce access to education, employment, and essential services, thereby affecting the well-being and development of rural communities. To identify the dominant factors that influence the frequency of collisions, a more thorough analysis of the multifactorial causes of traffic accidents in accident-prone areas is necessary. This study focused on analyzing the factors that contribute to road traffic accidents. Cross-tabulation was done using chi-square analysis. The chi-square test does not assume a normal distribution of data, which is beneficial when dealing with real-world data that may not follow normal distribution patterns. This flexibility makes it a robust choice for analyzing traffic accident data, which can be highly variable and not normally distributed. The results of the chi-square analysis for significance values below 0.05 indicate that there is a correlation between accident-causing factors (the independent variable) and collision frequency (the dependent variable). The results indicate that human factors, such as carelessness and high speed, as well as road and environmental factors, such as horizontal alignment, road width, clear zone, road signs, road markings, and land use, influence traffic accidents. Infrastructure factors such as horizontal alignment, road width, clear zones, shoulders, signs, and markings influence traffic accidents because they directly impact road user safety. Non-standard road geometry (horizontal alignment, road width, shoulder width, and clear zone) combined with incomplete road safety facilities (signs and markings) have the potential to cause traffic accidents. Therefore, harmonizing road geometry and equipment is necessary to improve arterial road safety, especially in accident-prone areas. Furthermore, speed management across a variety of land uses is required to reduce traffic accidents.
{"title":"ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS FACTOR ON RURAL ARTERIAL ROADS","authors":"Novita Sari, Siti Malkhamah, L. Suparma","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-49183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-49183","url":null,"abstract":"In Indonesia, traffic accidents occur on 23.55% of national roads and 75.08% of rural roads. The rural roads were identified as accident-prone areas. As a result, unsafe roads hinder population mobility, disrupt daily life, and reduce access to education, employment, and essential services, thereby affecting the well-being and development of rural communities. To identify the dominant factors that influence the frequency of collisions, a more thorough analysis of the multifactorial causes of traffic accidents in accident-prone areas is necessary. This study focused on analyzing the factors that contribute to road traffic accidents. Cross-tabulation was done using chi-square analysis. The chi-square test does not assume a normal distribution of data, which is beneficial when dealing with real-world data that may not follow normal distribution patterns. This flexibility makes it a robust choice for analyzing traffic accident data, which can be highly variable and not normally distributed. The results of the chi-square analysis for significance values below 0.05 indicate that there is a correlation between accident-causing factors (the independent variable) and collision frequency (the dependent variable). The results indicate that human factors, such as carelessness and high speed, as well as road and environmental factors, such as horizontal alignment, road width, clear zone, road signs, road markings, and land use, influence traffic accidents. Infrastructure factors such as horizontal alignment, road width, clear zones, shoulders, signs, and markings influence traffic accidents because they directly impact road user safety. Non-standard road geometry (horizontal alignment, road width, shoulder width, and clear zone) combined with incomplete road safety facilities (signs and markings) have the potential to cause traffic accidents. Therefore, harmonizing road geometry and equipment is necessary to improve arterial road safety, especially in accident-prone areas. Furthermore, speed management across a variety of land uses is required to reduce traffic accidents.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Khankelov, M. Irisbekova, K.J. Rustamov, D.K. Sabirova, Malokhat Abdukadirova, Otabek Ochildiev
A large number of studies are aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of grinding processes of various solid materials, while maintaining the values of other important indicators, such as material consumption, productivity, etc. Based on this trend, a new method for physically modeling the process of grinding municipal solid waste (MSW) was proposed for the first time. Existing physical modeling techniques are designed for homogeneous and isotropic materials (for example, soil, crushed stone, snow, coal, etc.). The strength properties of solid waste vary widely due to the significant heterogeneity of their components. Consequently, when crushing solid waste, traditional crusher designs have low efficiency in terms of energy intensity, material intensity and product quality. The purpose of this work is to develop a new technique for physical modeling of the grinding process, based on the main principles of similarity theory and modeling, considering the properties of waste heterogeneity. As a result of the research, a block diagram of the physical modeling methodology for the interaction of the working bodies of impact crushing machines with solid waste was developed. A list of tasks for the modeling process and similarity criteria have been determined based on the development of rheological models of the “working body - municipal solid waste” system and the laws of mechanics that characterize the waste grinding process. Based on the developed similarity criteria, scale equations for the grinding process are substantiated and formulas are derived for determining the expected parameters of the original based on the parameters measured on the model. The developed methodology makes it possible to create a crusher design with improved energy efficiency indicators with the least material and labor costs.
{"title":"BASES OF THE METHOD OF PHYSICAL MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF CRUSHING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE","authors":"T. Khankelov, M. Irisbekova, K.J. Rustamov, D.K. Sabirova, Malokhat Abdukadirova, Otabek Ochildiev","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-48591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-48591","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of studies are aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of grinding processes of various solid materials, while maintaining the values of other important indicators, such as material consumption, productivity, etc. Based on this trend, a new method for physically modeling the process of grinding municipal solid waste (MSW) was proposed for the first time. Existing physical modeling techniques are designed for homogeneous and isotropic materials (for example, soil, crushed stone, snow, coal, etc.). The strength properties of solid waste vary widely due to the significant heterogeneity of their components. Consequently, when crushing solid waste, traditional crusher designs have low efficiency in terms of energy intensity, material intensity and product quality. The purpose of this work is to develop a new technique for physical modeling of the grinding process, based on the main principles of similarity theory and modeling, considering the properties of waste heterogeneity. As a result of the research, a block diagram of the physical modeling methodology for the interaction of the working bodies of impact crushing machines with solid waste was developed. A list of tasks for the modeling process and similarity criteria have been determined based on the development of rheological models of the “working body - municipal solid waste” system and the laws of mechanics that characterize the waste grinding process. Based on the developed similarity criteria, scale equations for the grinding process are substantiated and formulas are derived for determining the expected parameters of the original based on the parameters measured on the model. The developed methodology makes it possible to create a crusher design with improved energy efficiency indicators with the least material and labor costs.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexey Vasiliev, R. Dobretsov, Sergey Voinash, Yurii Syromiatnykov, Alexandra Orekhovskaya, Ramil Zagidullin, Viktoriia Sokolova
The previous experience of creating experimental road trains with an active trailer and semi-trailer is analyzed against the background of modern technological capabilities of transport engineering and the logistical needs of modern construction. The expediency of implementing the concept of a road train with an active trailer based on modern electromechanical technologies is shown. The purpose of the study is to increase the energy efficiency of road trains used in construction for transporting long-length objects (beams, piles, bridge trusses, panels, etc.) by using an active trailer link with an electromechanical drive. The study solves the problem of modeling the movement of road trains with passive and active semi-trailers and comparing their energy efficiency and safety indicators. The methods of modeling the movement of cars and road trains, characteristic of the theory of movement of transport vehicles, approaches of theoretical mechanics and applications of differential calculus, applied numerical modeling in the SimuLink environment are used. A mathematical model has been obtained that allows calculating the energy efficiency of a road train when using passive (towed) and active semi-trailers. The cycle of the road train movement has been developed and tested for use in severe road conditions (construction with weak road infrastructure, forest complex, transportation of special cargo). The implementation of the computational model by means of the SimuLink software package is proposed. Based on the simulation results, conclusions are made on the energy efficiency and safety of road trains with an active trailer link with an electromechanical transmission.
{"title":"ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A HYBRID ROAD TRAIN WITH AN ACTIVE SEMI-TRAILER FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION WORK","authors":"Alexey Vasiliev, R. Dobretsov, Sergey Voinash, Yurii Syromiatnykov, Alexandra Orekhovskaya, Ramil Zagidullin, Viktoriia Sokolova","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-48077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-48077","url":null,"abstract":"The previous experience of creating experimental road trains with an active trailer and semi-trailer is analyzed against the background of modern technological capabilities of transport engineering and the logistical needs of modern construction. The expediency of implementing the concept of a road train with an active trailer based on modern electromechanical technologies is shown. The purpose of the study is to increase the energy efficiency of road trains used in construction for transporting long-length objects (beams, piles, bridge trusses, panels, etc.) by using an active trailer link with an electromechanical drive. The study solves the problem of modeling the movement of road trains with passive and active semi-trailers and comparing their energy efficiency and safety indicators. The methods of modeling the movement of cars and road trains, characteristic of the theory of movement of transport vehicles, approaches of theoretical mechanics and applications of differential calculus, applied numerical modeling in the SimuLink environment are used. A mathematical model has been obtained that allows calculating the energy efficiency of a road train when using passive (towed) and active semi-trailers. The cycle of the road train movement has been developed and tested for use in severe road conditions (construction with weak road infrastructure, forest complex, transportation of special cargo). The implementation of the computational model by means of the SimuLink software package is proposed. Based on the simulation results, conclusions are made on the energy efficiency and safety of road trains with an active trailer link with an electromechanical transmission.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hollow slabs are reinforced concrete slabs with voids that enable less concrete to be used. To promote sustainability goals, this type of slab reduces material use and enhances insulating characteristics. This paper presents an experimental program for studying the flexural behavior of the sustainable hollow Slab elements of lightweight concrete with three different ratios of mixes using additives to choose the best ratio, which is then compared to a solid model with the same concrete mix with the best characteristics to clarify the variations in the structural behavior of voided slabs. In this investigation, hollow slabs with circular plastic tubes of 50mm diameter and 1020 mm length were used, organized as continuous voids with 30 mm spacing between the tubes. Three slabs were created, each measuring 1020 mm long, 420 mm wide, and 100 mm thick. All three slabs were tested via four-point loading. The best mix ratio was chosen and used to build a robust model. To analyse the key advantages of this technology over typical solid slabs, this solid model was compared to the best-performing model among the three hollow core slabs. Several properties such as load-carrying capability, deflection, crack patterns, and failure modes were observed in all loading steps. The results showed that using uniformly distributed uniaxial voids in the slab reduced concrete use by 23% as compared to solid slabs, Notably, the specimen with 200 kg/m3 lightweight aggregate demonstrated greater crack distribution and crack breadth.
{"title":"THE FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF SUSTAINABLE LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE SLABS","authors":"Samer Abdulhussein, Esraa Jaafar, Maryam Rasheed","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-47131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-47131","url":null,"abstract":"Hollow slabs are reinforced concrete slabs with voids that enable less concrete to be used. To promote sustainability goals, this type of slab reduces material use and enhances insulating characteristics. This paper presents an experimental program for studying the flexural behavior of the sustainable hollow Slab elements of lightweight concrete with three different ratios of mixes using additives to choose the best ratio, which is then compared to a solid model with the same concrete mix with the best characteristics to clarify the variations in the structural behavior of voided slabs. In this investigation, hollow slabs with circular plastic tubes of 50mm diameter and 1020 mm length were used, organized as continuous voids with 30 mm spacing between the tubes. Three slabs were created, each measuring 1020 mm long, 420 mm wide, and 100 mm thick. All three slabs were tested via four-point loading. The best mix ratio was chosen and used to build a robust model. To analyse the key advantages of this technology over typical solid slabs, this solid model was compared to the best-performing model among the three hollow core slabs. Several properties such as load-carrying capability, deflection, crack patterns, and failure modes were observed in all loading steps. The results showed that using uniformly distributed uniaxial voids in the slab reduced concrete use by 23% as compared to solid slabs, Notably, the specimen with 200 kg/m3 lightweight aggregate demonstrated greater crack distribution and crack breadth.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140678763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Arief, B. Wirjosentono, J. Koto, M. Dalil, Anita Susilawati
This study aims to develop an effective Friction Stir Welding (FSW) method for composite material of High-Density Poly-Ethylene (HDPE) Pipes. The development of welding tool, there was the addition of an external heating source on the shoulder and probe/pin to overcome the problem of lack of heat resulting from friction between the tool and the material to be welded. The case study was conducted to join the short fiberglass-HDPE composite with a type of ratio of 30% by weight of short fibre and 70% by weight of HDPE, which optimizing parameters such as rotating speed, welding speed, and preheating temperature. The FSW joining process for short fiberglass-HDPE composite sheets was carried out using a Fanuc Series 21i-M CNC milling machine as the driving tool with rotational speed (ω) varied in 3 conditions, namely 600 rpm, 800 rpm and 1000 rpm, and welding speed (v) or feeding at 5 mm/minutes and 10 mm/minutes. The temperature was controlled according to the liquid point of High-Density Poly-Ethylene, which was 130oC, and raised to 150oC and 170oC. The 12 pieces of thermocouple were used along the track on the material and jig plates at the top, middle and bottom. Then, the results of joining the sheets were made in the form of specimens with sizes according to ASTM 3039. The tensile tests of the specimens were carried out at a rate of 0.01 mm/s. The results showed the highest tensile strength was an average value of 24.52 MPa at a rotational speed of 800 rpm, the feeding of 5 mm/min and the temperature of 130oC. The lowest tensile strength was an average value of 17.54 MPa at a temperature of 170°C with a speed of 600 rpm.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF FRICTION STIR WELDING TOOL FOR HIGH-DENSITY POLY-ETHYLENE (HDPE)–CASE STUDY: FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE MATERIAL","authors":"D. Arief, B. Wirjosentono, J. Koto, M. Dalil, Anita Susilawati","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-46855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-46855","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to develop an effective Friction Stir Welding (FSW) method for composite material of High-Density Poly-Ethylene (HDPE) Pipes. The development of welding tool, there was the addition of an external heating source on the shoulder and probe/pin to overcome the problem of lack of heat resulting from friction between the tool and the material to be welded. The case study was conducted to join the short fiberglass-HDPE composite with a type of ratio of 30% by weight of short fibre and 70% by weight of HDPE, which optimizing parameters such as rotating speed, welding speed, and preheating temperature. The FSW joining process for short fiberglass-HDPE composite sheets was carried out using a Fanuc Series 21i-M CNC milling machine as the driving tool with rotational speed (ω) varied in 3 conditions, namely 600 rpm, 800 rpm and 1000 rpm, and welding speed (v) or feeding at 5 mm/minutes and 10 mm/minutes. The temperature was controlled according to the liquid point of High-Density Poly-Ethylene, which was 130oC, and raised to 150oC and 170oC. The 12 pieces of thermocouple were used along the track on the material and jig plates at the top, middle and bottom. Then, the results of joining the sheets were made in the form of specimens with sizes according to ASTM 3039. The tensile tests of the specimens were carried out at a rate of 0.01 mm/s. The results showed the highest tensile strength was an average value of 24.52 MPa at a rotational speed of 800 rpm, the feeding of 5 mm/min and the temperature of 130oC. The lowest tensile strength was an average value of 17.54 MPa at a temperature of 170°C with a speed of 600 rpm.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vehicle routing, with its many variants, is one of the most important and frequently solved problems in transportation engineering. The aim of this paper is to develop a decision-making support tool for addressing the issue of dispatching vehicles in scenarios characterized by uncertain demands within soft time windows. In real-world scenarios, it is not uncommon for customer demands to exhibit flexibility, where certain early arrivals or delays may be deemed acceptable. Therefore, this paper introduces vehicle routing in more realistic contexts, offering potential practical implementations. The methodology for solving the problem is based on a fuzzy logic system whose membership functions are additionally adjusted using a neural network. Such a tool, neuro-fuzzy logic, is suitable for solving a defined routing problem since it can consider all the mentioned uncertainties in the distribution systems. Each user is assigned a performance index that considers travel time, demand, and delivery time windows. Then, the performance index is used as input data in the proposed vehicle routing tool based on the Clarke-Wright algorithm. The described approach has been tested on a concrete example, mimicking a distribution network resembling real-world conditions, incorporating estimated travel times between customers. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively handle customer demands, with an average delay of 5.05 minutes during the 80-minute distribution. In future research, some environmental factors could be included in the proposed model. In addition, one of the directions of future research could be vehicle re-routing using the ideas from this paper.
{"title":"VEHICLE ROUTING IN THE CASE OF UNCERTAIN CUSTOMER DEMANDS AND SOFT TIME WINDOWS: A NEURO-FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH","authors":"Dragan Radovanovic","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-47651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-47651","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle routing, with its many variants, is one of the most important and frequently solved problems in transportation engineering. The aim of this paper is to develop a decision-making support tool for addressing the issue of dispatching vehicles in scenarios characterized by uncertain demands within soft time windows. In real-world scenarios, it is not uncommon for customer demands to exhibit flexibility, where certain early arrivals or delays may be deemed acceptable. Therefore, this paper introduces vehicle routing in more realistic contexts, offering potential practical implementations. The methodology for solving the problem is based on a fuzzy logic system whose membership functions are additionally adjusted using a neural network. Such a tool, neuro-fuzzy logic, is suitable for solving a defined routing problem since it can consider all the mentioned uncertainties in the distribution systems. Each user is assigned a performance index that considers travel time, demand, and delivery time windows. Then, the performance index is used as input data in the proposed vehicle routing tool based on the Clarke-Wright algorithm. The described approach has been tested on a concrete example, mimicking a distribution network resembling real-world conditions, incorporating estimated travel times between customers. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively handle customer demands, with an average delay of 5.05 minutes during the 80-minute distribution. In future research, some environmental factors could be included in the proposed model. In addition, one of the directions of future research could be vehicle re-routing using the ideas from this paper.","PeriodicalId":35468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：