Stomatologija最新文献

Background: Good oral hygiene is very important to ensure successful orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatments may cause plaque accumulation and in this way the development of caries and periodontal diseases which are basically caused by dental plaque. The aim of this study was to compare the features of oral hygiene among different age groups and genders in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Material and methods: The study involves 118 patients aged 12 to 18 (64 males (54.2%) and 54 females (45.8%)) with fixed orthodontic appliances from the Department of Orthodontics at Danylo Halytskiy Lviv National Medical University. The patients completed the questionnaires which included 19 questions about their oral hygiene.

Results: It was revealed that 59 females (92.19±3.35%) believe that oral hygiene is important, but among the males number of such persons have been significantly lower - 41 (75.93±5.82%), p<0.05. Statistically significant result was obtained showing that females (46 patients (71.88±5.62%) use interdental brushes more regular (every day) than males (26 (48.15±6.80%), p<0.05. Comparing the differences between the regularity of teeth brushing in different age groups showed that 53 patients (82.81±4.72%) aged 12 to 15 and 46 (85.19±4.83%) aged 16 to 18 claimed that they brush their teeth regularly, twice a day, 8 (12.50±4.13%) and 6 (11.11±4.28%), respectively - once a day.

Conclusion: In patients with fixed orthodontic appliances oral hygiene of 16-18-year-old respondents is better than the oral hygiene of 12-15-year-old ones.

Objective: The aim of this article is to analyze the latest scientific literature and focus on the development of second-generation platelet concentrates: platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF), their fabrication procedure and capability in periodontal surgery.

Material and methods: Scientific articles published in English were selected from PubMed and Cochrane Library databases according to selected keywords. Duplicate and off-topic articles were excluded from further analysis.

Conclusion: PRF and CGF can be considered beneficial biomaterials because they are reported to have favorable biological effects, are low in cost and easier to prepare compared to first generation platelet concentrates and do not cause side effects. Although PRF and CGF demonstrate promising results in the regeneration of intrabony defects, further research is needed. Same as with furcation defect therapy - more evidence of use of PRF or CGF is necessary. In gingival recession treatment PRF or CGF is not yet suggested as first option for treatment as connective tissue graft is still preferable.

Objective: To systematically review the current literature and determine whether the additional TPTD administration for patients with BRONJ is an effective treatment modality.

Material and methods: The systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42021242796) and conducted according to the PRISMA statement. An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed), ScienceDirect, The Cochrane Library and LILACS databases using a combination of the keywords "Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw"[Mesh], "treatment" to identify studies published from 2010.

Results: The authors found 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. According to two studies, TPTD was statistically significantly associated with a greater BRONJ lesion resolution, compared to control group (p<0.05). However, one article showed no significant difference in proportion of resolved lesions (p=0.478). Regarding the effectiveness of TPTD treatment according to administration frequency, daily injection group showed no significant changes in the clinical stage of BRONJ, no difference in the percentage of bone formation on patients osteolysis, compared to weekly injections. Concerning bone resorption/regeneration markers, all the included studies showed that bone resorption markers significantly increased after 3-month TPTD administration. In a study which used multivariate analysis between TPTD and non-TPTD groups using age, BMI, duration of BP usage, the difference in s-OC values after 3 months of the treatment was significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This review provides evidence for the potential benefits of additional TPTD administration for patients with BRONJ being an effective treatment modality.

Background and objective: The aim of the study was to detect postoperative changes in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and masticatory muscles of Angle class II malocclusion patients who underwent mandibular advancement surgery.

Material and methods: Twenty-three patients were selected for mandibular advancement by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSO). Cephalograms and clinical evaluation were performed before the surgery as well as fourteen days and six months after surgery. Clinical examination included measurement of overjet, overbite and of the amplitude of mandibular movements, registration of deviation on mouth opening, of TMJ pain and pathological sounds and of tenderness of masticatory muscles on palpation. Mandibular position was determined by cephalometric analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using a mixed-level longitudinal random intercept model with a confidence level of 95% and a P-value of 0.05 to reveal significant differences.

Results: Statistical results showed a mean mandibular advancement of 4 mm (3.1-5.0). Cephalometric measurements, overjet and overbite remained stable six months after surgery. Postoperative amplitude of mandibular movements was limited and did not completely recover 6 months later. Mouth opening was the most affected, showing an average reduction of 7.5 mm six months after surgery. Deviation on mouth opening, pathological TMJ sounds, TMJ pain and masticatory muscle tenderness did not show significant changes.

Conclusions: Moderate mandibular advancement surgery offers stable results, yet the amplitudes of mandibular movements, were significant smaller after surgery and did not completely recovered 6 months following surgery. TMJ and masticatory muscles symptoms did not change after the surgery, suggesting that mandibular advancement surgery does not change the course of TMD.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) affects salivary glands, and despite being a benign condition, its clinical and histopathological features sometimes mimic other malignant pathologies of epithelial origin. This article presents two cases of NS and discusses clinicopathological features and the differential diagnosis of this condition. The first case, a 76-year-old woman with a 6-month history of painful oral thrush. Intraoral examination showed an ulcerative lesion located on the hard palate. The clinical hypothesis was squamous cell carcinoma. Second, a 26-year-old man with a 40-days ulcerative lesion on the soft palate. Intraoral examination revealed a reddish ulcer measuring 0.5 cm. Clinical hypothesis was traumatic ulcer. In both cases, a biopsy was performed, and a histopathological diagnosis of NS was established. NS cause is poorly understood, and its clinical features resemble other oral lesions with ulcerative aspects. Thus, dentists must be aware of the clinical features of oral ulcers with more than a 2-week duration without defined etiology.

Objective: Systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment for PV oral lesions; the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of PBMT with a 645 nm diode laser as a supportive topical therapy in patients with PV induced erosive-ulcerative oral lesions.

Materials and methods: This double-blind placebo-controlled study divided patients into two groups: A, patients receiving laser therapy (Raffaello 980 Bio, Dental Medical Technologies, Italy with the following parameters: 100 mW power, 645 nm wave length, irradiation area 1 cm², application time 30 sec/cm², energy density 3 J/cm², scanning modality) and B, receiving sham therapy (placebo). All patients were being treated also with a systemic corticosteroid therapy i.e. prednisone 0.5 mg/Kg per day. Size of lesions, VAS and satisfaction were evaluated before the treatment (T0), after 4 weeks (T1) and after 8 weeks as a follow-up (T2).

Results: A total of 50 lesions were evaluated. About lesions size, there was a statistical significative difference between the two groups just at T2 (p=0.0193), though VAS significantly decreased both at T1 (p=0.0198) and at T2 (p=0.0087). In general, all patients were satisfied of the treatment received.

Conclusion: PBMT can be considered a validate supportive therapeutic option, even if further RCTs studies with wide sample sizes and standardized management protocols are suggested.

Objective: Current methods of managing excessive gingival display, an aesthetic concern, with gingivectomy, orthodontic intrusion, restorative dentistry and even botulinum toxin, have often been unsatisfactory. This study evaluates the efficacy of mucosal coronally positioned flap (MCPF) for reduction of gingival display.

Material and methods: Eight healthy patients, above 18 years, with either short or hyperactive upper lip, gingival display ≥4 mm during smiling or vertical maxillary excess, were recruited into the study. The smile line, upper lip length, upper lip vermillion length, distance between the lips and amount of gingival display along with clinical indices were assessed. The patients then underwent MCPF procedure and were re-evaluated for healing of the surgical site after 15 days and at 3 months. Patients also provided their perceptions of outcome of treatment, through a questionnaire. Paired t test and Repeated measures ANOVA were used for data analysis.

Results: Significant improvement in the gingival display was noted 3 months after the procedure, while no concomitant changes were observed in other parameters like upper lip length, vermillion length and distance between the lips post operatively.

Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that the MCPF procedure provides satisfactory results in terms of reduction of gingival display. Simplicity of the surgical procedure makes it an attractive option for patients without any gross skeletal abnormalities.

Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASCC) is an uncommon histopathologic variant of Squamous Cell Carcinoma which occurs in the sun-exposed skin and rarely in the oral cavity. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined ASCC as a unique entity, its occurrence in the oral cavity has been just about 60 cases in the literature. There have been cases reported in the lips, tongue, gingiva and maxillary alveolus but rarely in the mandible. Definitive diagnosis and treatment of such a rare condition is challenging as there are not much available data in the literature. We report a rare case of Acantholytic Squamous cell carcinoma with pathologic fracture of the mandible which was managed aptly considering its hostile clinical, radiological and histological presentation. The reconstruction was done using a vascularised free fibula graft which helped in achieving a functional and aesthetic rehabilitation for the patient thereby improving his quality of life.

Background: It is not clear if complete removable dentures made during a CAD/CAM process can equate or surpass dentures created during the conventional process in regards of their mechanical properties.

Purpose: To compare mechanical properties of complete removable dentures made from polymethylmethacrilate (PMMA) during a process of CAD/CAM, which are used to help edentulous adult patients, with analogical dentures created from PMMA during the conventional process.

Material and methods: Data search was conducted regarding PRISMA criteria. According to chosen keywords, scientific articles, published from 2017 to 2022, were sampled from electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Cohrane Library. Article search focused on studies that discussed mechanic properties of traditional and CAD/CAM complete removable dentures made from PMMA. The properties are: microhardness, nano hardness, the roughness of the surface, flexural strength and modulus, fracture toughness, flexural bond strength, mechanical compliance of the contact between the inner surface of the denture and the denture socket mucosa - adaptation of the prosthesis to the denture bearing, hydrophobicity, water sorption and solubility, dimensional stability, elasticity. Discussed measurements from the scientific studies, which are included into the systematic literature analysis, are assessed according to a synthesis method used for such data.

Results: The hardness, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and hydrophobicity of the conventional PMMA plastic blank, made during a process of CAD/CAM, were bigger and dimensional stability - better. Meanwhile, the roughness of the surface, fracture toughness, flexural bond strength, and elasticity of the blank were bigger than the ones made during the conventional process. Water sorption and solubility statistically did not differ among differently processed plastic polymethylmethacrilate blanks. Only one study was carried out in vivo, in which complete removable denture bases made from CAD/CAM prepolymerized PMMA plastic also showed better adaptation to the denture bearing tissue than those made by conventional polymerization.

Conclusions: The final plastic product from the pre-polymerized PMMA and the processed CAD / CAM is superior in many mechanical properties to the final plastic product made during the conventional PMMA polymerization process.

Background: Forensic facial reconstruction is a technique to reconstruct human face from unidentified skull remains for human identification and facial recognition. Some of the methods of reconstruction is using 2D methods, 3D clay models and computerized craniofacial forensic reconstructions (CCFR). Although beneficial they are limited by meticulous and time consuming processiy. However, in 3D imaging cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an excellent alternative. Hence, this systematic review evaluated whether CBCT is a better diagnostic tool in facial forensic reconstruction compared to conventional 2D and 3D methods of facial reconstruction.

Results: Article selection and data extraction was done based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria devised for the study. The articles were screened from Pub Med, ProQuest, Google scholar, Science direct and Scopus. Three hundred and thirty-nine articles were initially identified from which seven articles were full text reviewed and included in the review. All the articles included in this study suggest that the facial reconstruction done using CBCT are reliable.

Conclusion: The computerized 3D modeling method produces reliable facial reconstructions which involves the images scanned from CBCT and the combination method. The computerized 3D modeling method produces facial reconstruction which almost mimics the original resemblance.