Simple coupled-wave theory1,2 accounts for depletion of the pump beam due to energy transfer (i.e., amplification) to the probe beam. Ignoring absorption, the probe gain g can be expressed as1 where I1(0) is the incident probe intensity, Γ is the two-beam-coupling coefficient and rpp is the incident pump-to-probe beam ratio given by (2) with I2(0) being the incident pump intensity.
{"title":"Beam Fanning in Coupled-Wave Theory of 2-Beam Coupling","authors":"M. Ewbank, F. Vachss, R. A. Vazquez","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.mb3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.mb3","url":null,"abstract":"Simple coupled-wave theory1,2 accounts for depletion of the pump beam due to energy transfer (i.e., amplification) to the probe beam. Ignoring absorption, the probe gain g can be expressed as1 where I1(0) is the incident probe intensity, Γ is the two-beam-coupling coefficient and rpp is the incident pump-to-probe beam ratio given by (2) with I2(0) being the incident pump intensity.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123388618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhang Guang-yin, Xu Jingjun, Liu Si-min, Wu Yuanqing
In KNSBN several crystallographic sites can be partially empty , which allow crystal composition to be tailored. The magnitude of longitudinal (r51) and transverse (r33) electro-optic coefficient depend greatly on the ratios of Ba/Na and K/Na. So either r33 or r51 can be made large, absorption and response wave range can be controlled in the desired spectral range by changing the dopant and its concentration . Accoding to these the crystal with partially- filled composition Cu -doped (K0.5Na0.5)0.2 (Sr0.1Ba0.39)0.9 Nb2O6 is grown.
{"title":"The New Type of KNSBN: Cu Crystal as High-performance Self-Pumped Phase-Conjugator","authors":"Zhang Guang-yin, Xu Jingjun, Liu Si-min, Wu Yuanqing","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.ma3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.ma3","url":null,"abstract":"In KNSBN several crystallographic sites can be partially empty , which allow crystal composition to be tailored. The magnitude of longitudinal (r51) and transverse (r33) electro-optic coefficient depend greatly on the ratios of Ba/Na and K/Na. So either r33 or r51 can be made large, absorption and response wave range can be controlled in the desired spectral range by changing the dopant and its concentration . Accoding to these the crystal with partially- filled composition Cu -doped (K0.5Na0.5)0.2 (Sr0.1Ba0.39)0.9 Nb2O6 is grown.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126361635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of optical activity on two-beam coupling in a (110)-cut cubic photorefractive Bi12SiO20 crystal has been investigated in a number of papers (e.g., [1,2]) for the case of two typical configurations K→‖[001] and K→‖[001], where K→ is the grating vector. The simultaneous diffraction of two light beams has been considered in [3] for arbitrary orientation of the vector K→ from the point of view of the electrooptic grating model. However, the results of [4] testify to the necessity of taking into account the piezoelectric and photoelastic properties of the crystal during the process of refractive index grating formation.
{"title":"Simultaneous Diffraction of Two Light Waves in Cubic Optically Active Photorefractive Piezocrystals","authors":"V. Shepelevich, N. Egorov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc14","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of optical activity on two-beam coupling in a (110)-cut cubic photorefractive Bi12SiO20 crystal has been investigated in a number of papers (e.g., [1,2]) for the case of two typical configurations \u0000K→‖[001] and \u0000K→‖[001], where \u0000K→ is the grating vector. The simultaneous diffraction of two light beams has been considered in [3] for arbitrary orientation of the vector \u0000K→ from the point of view of the electrooptic grating model. However, the results of [4] testify to the necessity of taking into account the piezoelectric and photoelastic properties of the crystal during the process of refractive index grating formation.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127878985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Burland, S. Ducharme, W. Moerner, J. C. Scott, C. Walsh
Many applications of photorefractivity have been proposed: a virtually unlimited array of image processing techniques including phase conjugation and novelty filtering, simulations of neural networks and associative memories, and high density efficient holographic optical storage. Until very recently, all materials showing the photorefractive effect have been inorganic crystals1. A problem currently impeding the wide-spread exploitation of the photorefractive effect has been the fact that inorganic materials exhibiting the effect tend to be difficult and thus expensive to prepare and, because of their crystalline nature, to be incompatible with current integrated packaging processes. There is thus a continuing and critical need for new classes of photorefractive materials with improved processability and performance.
{"title":"Observation and Study of the Photorefractive Effect in Doped Nonlinear Polymers","authors":"D. Burland, S. Ducharme, W. Moerner, J. C. Scott, C. Walsh","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.ma1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.ma1","url":null,"abstract":"Many applications of photorefractivity have been proposed: a virtually unlimited array of image processing techniques including phase conjugation and novelty filtering, simulations of neural networks and associative memories, and high density efficient holographic optical storage. Until very recently, all materials showing the photorefractive effect have been inorganic crystals1. A problem currently impeding the wide-spread exploitation of the photorefractive effect has been the fact that inorganic materials exhibiting the effect tend to be difficult and thus expensive to prepare and, because of their crystalline nature, to be incompatible with current integrated packaging processes. There is thus a continuing and critical need for new classes of photorefractive materials with improved processability and performance.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132841275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The compounds, crystallized in the cubic form similar to sillenite structure, occur in a number of isomorphs [1]. The well-known representatives of this family are bismuth germanium (BGO) and bismuth sillicon oxides (BSO), both of which can be grown from their stoichiometric melts using Czochralsky technique. The optical examination and utilization of the isomorphs are difficult because of their incongruent melting or decomposition in solid state.
{"title":"Single Crystal Growth of Photorefractive Sillenites","authors":"V. Volkov, Y. F. Kargin, V. M. Skorikov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc4","url":null,"abstract":"The compounds, crystallized in the cubic form similar to sillenite structure, occur in a number of isomorphs [1]. The well-known representatives of this family are bismuth germanium (BGO) and bismuth sillicon oxides (BSO), both of which can be grown from their stoichiometric melts using Czochralsky technique. The optical examination and utilization of the isomorphs are difficult because of their incongruent melting or decomposition in solid state.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132965694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. A. Korol’kov, Yu. S. Kuz'minov, A. V. Mamaev, V. Shkunov, A. Zozulya
We present detailed experimental investigation of scattered radiation spatial structure in the geometry of a transmission grating photorefractive passive ring mirror (Fig. 1) and compare our results with the predictions of Ref.[1]. According to the theory, behaviour of a ring mirror in the limit of large Fresnel numbers is determined by two scale variation coefficients: α// and α⊥. Scale variation coefficient α// is the ratio of the width of the pumping beam 4 in the plane of intersection to that of the pumping beam 2 (see Fig. 1). For | α// | <1 beam 4 is narrower and for | α// | >1 wider, than beam 2. The same with the scale variation coefficient α⊥, but for the direction, perpendicular to the intersection plane.
{"title":"Spatial Structure of Scattered Radiation in a Self-Pumped Photorefractive Passive Ring Mirror","authors":"S. A. Korol’kov, Yu. S. Kuz'minov, A. V. Mamaev, V. Shkunov, A. Zozulya","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.9.000664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.9.000664","url":null,"abstract":"We present detailed experimental investigation of scattered radiation spatial structure in the geometry of a transmission grating photorefractive passive ring mirror (Fig. 1) and compare our results with the predictions of Ref.[1]. According to the theory, behaviour of a ring mirror in the limit of large Fresnel numbers is determined by two scale variation coefficients: α// and α⊥. Scale variation coefficient α// is the ratio of the width of the pumping beam 4 in the plane of intersection to that of the pumping beam 2 (see Fig. 1). For | α// | <1 beam 4 is narrower and for | α// | >1 wider, than beam 2. The same with the scale variation coefficient α⊥, but for the direction, perpendicular to the intersection plane.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116777613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-01DOI: 10.1080/09500349214550771
C. Soutar, Z. Wang, C. Cartwright, W. Gillespie
The use of photorefractive Bi12SiO20 (BSO) as a dynamic holographic medium in optical processing systems has been the subject of much activity. Typical operations carried out include edge enhancement [1], novelty filtering [2] and the correlation of optical signals [3]. However the use of BSO in coherent correlator systems is hindered by positional problems [3,4] as the crystal must be inserted at the Fourier plane of the transforming lens(es) to a high degree of accuracy (to within 0.5 % of the focal length of the lens as determined in ref 3).
{"title":"Real-Time Optical Intensity Correlator using Photorefractive BSO and a Liquid Crystal Television","authors":"C. Soutar, Z. Wang, C. Cartwright, W. Gillespie","doi":"10.1080/09500349214550771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500349214550771","url":null,"abstract":"The use of photorefractive Bi12SiO20 (BSO) as a dynamic holographic medium in optical processing systems has been the subject of much activity. Typical operations carried out include edge enhancement [1], novelty filtering [2] and the correlation of optical signals [3]. However the use of BSO in coherent correlator systems is hindered by positional problems [3,4] as the crystal must be inserted at the Fourier plane of the transforming lens(es) to a high degree of accuracy (to within 0.5 % of the focal length of the lens as determined in ref 3).","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125152607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We demonstrate a self-organizing photorefractive circuit which decodes optical signals. The circuit is a pair of ring resonators with photorefractive gain and cooperative and competitive mode interactions. When a spatially multimode beam containing two optical carrier frequencies is used as the pump, the resonator self-organizes such that each frequency oscillates in spatially separate rings. Initial results, with a two crystal BaTiO3 resonator, show a contrast ratio of better than 20:1 at the two outputs.
{"title":"A Self-Organizing Photorefractive Frequency Decoder","authors":"M. Saffman, C. Benkert, D. Anderson","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.wc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.wc6","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a self-organizing photorefractive circuit which decodes optical signals. The circuit is a pair of ring resonators with photorefractive gain and cooperative and competitive mode interactions. When a spatially multimode beam containing two optical carrier frequencies is used as the pump, the resonator self-organizes such that each frequency oscillates in spatially separate rings. Initial results, with a two crystal BaTiO3 resonator, show a contrast ratio of better than 20:1 at the two outputs.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134440350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In optical waveguides with high photorefractive sensitivity the frequency - degenerate four - wave interactions are observed as well as in optical nonlinear materials [1], Several types of interactions nonanalogous for the processes in volume materials, can be realized in optical waveguides because of specifics of their properties.
{"title":"Photorefractive Parametric Interaction of Volume and Leaky Optical Waves in Planar Waveguide on Lithium Niobate","authors":"V. Shandarov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.wc27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.wc27","url":null,"abstract":"In optical waveguides with high photorefractive sensitivity the frequency - degenerate four - wave interactions are observed as well as in optical nonlinear materials [1], Several types of interactions nonanalogous for the processes in volume materials, can be realized in optical waveguides because of specifics of their properties.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123653127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optics, Electronics, and the Photorefractive Effect","authors":"D. Psaltis","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.tud2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tud2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary not available.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133063049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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