Purpose: In Kenya, the sense of national identity and unity, which is intricately intertwined with socio-political dialogue, scholarly works, and everyday conversations, profoundly impacts citizens' feelings of belonging, participation in national matters, and the nation's overall harmony and stability. This study addresses the subtly-avoided topic of national identity and cohesion in Kenya, highlighting its critical role in the nation's stability and advancement. Methodology: The study triangulated secondary and primary data sources to provide a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of national identity and cohesion. With a sample size of 15 individuals, primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews from a target population of key stakeholders, including policymakers, scholars, and community leaders and refugees. The research uses content analysis to examine the institutional, legal, and policy frameworks regulating national identity and cohesion, revealing significant gaps. Key Findings: The research illustrates Kenya's laissez-faire approach towards national identity since independence, which has allowed refugees to assimilate without official government policy. This scenario poses potential risks to national cohesion. Despite policies granting residency to East African Community (EAC) citizens and citizenship to specific stateless individuals, the refugee and statelessness problem persists. A compelling segment of the study investigates various global and national integration strategies, including laissez-faire, residency, multiculturalism, and satyagraha. The use of Social Identity Theory provides valuable insights into the complexities of national identity and cohesion in Kenya. The research identifies the encampment policy, with its numerous challenges, as a significant threat to national identity and cohesion. Recommendations: This study, underpinned by the Social Identity Theory, advocates for transformative measures. It suggests that Kenya should extend citizenship to all refugees and stateless individuals, and diligently uphold the 2010 Constitution, in line with the Supreme Court's interpretation, especially on the question of identity and cohesion. Such actions are crucial in nurturing a united, secure, and thriving Kenya. The research is a pressing call to action, and prompts Kenyans to engage in profound discourse about their identity and unity, urging them to reevaluate and reshape their viewpoints and policies. The study could shed light on the role of socio-political discourse in shaping national identities and fostering social cohesion.
{"title":"National Identity and Cohesion in Kenya: A Socio-Political Discourse","authors":"G. Ng’eno","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1659","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In Kenya, the sense of national identity and unity, which is intricately intertwined with socio-political dialogue, scholarly works, and everyday conversations, profoundly impacts citizens' feelings of belonging, participation in national matters, and the nation's overall harmony and stability. This study addresses the subtly-avoided topic of national identity and cohesion in Kenya, highlighting its critical role in the nation's stability and advancement. Methodology: The study triangulated secondary and primary data sources to provide a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of national identity and cohesion. With a sample size of 15 individuals, primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews from a target population of key stakeholders, including policymakers, scholars, and community leaders and refugees. The research uses content analysis to examine the institutional, legal, and policy frameworks regulating national identity and cohesion, revealing significant gaps. Key Findings: The research illustrates Kenya's laissez-faire approach towards national identity since independence, which has allowed refugees to assimilate without official government policy. This scenario poses potential risks to national cohesion. Despite policies granting residency to East African Community (EAC) citizens and citizenship to specific stateless individuals, the refugee and statelessness problem persists. A compelling segment of the study investigates various global and national integration strategies, including laissez-faire, residency, multiculturalism, and satyagraha. The use of Social Identity Theory provides valuable insights into the complexities of national identity and cohesion in Kenya. The research identifies the encampment policy, with its numerous challenges, as a significant threat to national identity and cohesion. Recommendations: This study, underpinned by the Social Identity Theory, advocates for transformative measures. It suggests that Kenya should extend citizenship to all refugees and stateless individuals, and diligently uphold the 2010 Constitution, in line with the Supreme Court's interpretation, especially on the question of identity and cohesion. Such actions are crucial in nurturing a united, secure, and thriving Kenya. The research is a pressing call to action, and prompts Kenyans to engage in profound discourse about their identity and unity, urging them to reevaluate and reshape their viewpoints and policies. The study could shed light on the role of socio-political discourse in shaping national identities and fostering social cohesion.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139244048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This research examines the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Methodology: Employing a content analysis approach and drawing from qualitative data from secondary sources, the study highlights the extensive ramifications of terrorism and banditry, encompassing loss of lives and property, displacement of people, economic disruption, damage to Nigeria's reputation, and political instability. The research underscores the urgency for the Nigerian government to take decisive action in addressing these challenges, fostering economic growth, rebuilding investor trust, and enhancing the country's image. Findings: The research findings hold practical implications for policymakers and security agencies, urging a unified and comprehensive approach in confronting terrorism and banditry in Nigeria. The research underscores the significance of addressing the psychological impact on affected individuals by providing essential mental health support, facilitating their recovery, and fostering social cohesion. The Realist theory guides the study, emphasizing the prioritization of state security and interests in an anarchic international system, offering valuable insights into comprehending the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Recommendations: To effectively combat terrorism and banditry, the study recommends reinforcing national security through increased funding, improved intelligence gathering and addressing socio-economic factors such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality through targeted policies. Emphasizing international cooperation and strengthening governance and accountability are identified as vital aspects in combating the cross-border nature of these threats. The recommended strategies offer a roadmap to effectively combat these security challenges, safeguarding Nigeria's stability, peace, and economic prosperity. By implementing these measures, practitioners can work towards restoring the nation's security, rebuilding confidence, and enhancing its position in the international community.
{"title":"Terrorism and Banditry: Implications for Nigeria's Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity","authors":"Emmanuel Ugbedeojo Ameh","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1541","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This research examines the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. \u0000Methodology: Employing a content analysis approach and drawing from qualitative data from secondary sources, the study highlights the extensive ramifications of terrorism and banditry, encompassing loss of lives and property, displacement of people, economic disruption, damage to Nigeria's reputation, and political instability. The research underscores the urgency for the Nigerian government to take decisive action in addressing these challenges, fostering economic growth, rebuilding investor trust, and enhancing the country's image. \u0000Findings: The research findings hold practical implications for policymakers and security agencies, urging a unified and comprehensive approach in confronting terrorism and banditry in Nigeria. The research underscores the significance of addressing the psychological impact on affected individuals by providing essential mental health support, facilitating their recovery, and fostering social cohesion. The Realist theory guides the study, emphasizing the prioritization of state security and interests in an anarchic international system, offering valuable insights into comprehending the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. \u0000Recommendations: To effectively combat terrorism and banditry, the study recommends reinforcing national security through increased funding, improved intelligence gathering and addressing socio-economic factors such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality through targeted policies. Emphasizing international cooperation and strengthening governance and accountability are identified as vital aspects in combating the cross-border nature of these threats. The recommended strategies offer a roadmap to effectively combat these security challenges, safeguarding Nigeria's stability, peace, and economic prosperity. By implementing these measures, practitioners can work towards restoring the nation's security, rebuilding confidence, and enhancing its position in the international community.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128866802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study examines the nature and resolution of land and boundary conflicts in Russia and former Soviet countries. Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Results: The literature review on environmental mediation in Bolivia reveals significant impacts on conflict management, including changes in dispute resolution approaches, mediator roles and outcomes. Indigenous and community mechanisms emphasize land rights, resource control and livelihoods, influencing contemporary practices. However, integration also raises concerns about cultural identity, self-governance and ecological preservation. Balancing community principles with state environmental laws proves difficult. Strict adherence to indigenous doctrines limits innovation while adaptations undermine cultural identity. Recommendations: This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of land and boundary conflicts in Russia and former Soviet countries by synthesizing existing literature and providing a comprehensive analysis of the drivers, patterns, and impacts of these conflicts. The study offers insights into the practical implications of land and boundary conflicts, including the need for effective governance, inclusive decision-making processes, and sustainable resource management. The findings can inform policymakers, practitioners, and scholars in developing strategies to address land and boundary conflicts, foster peacebuilding, and promote regional stability in the context of Russia and former Soviet countries. The study also identifies gaps and areas for further research, highlighting the complex and dynamic nature of land and boundary conflicts in this region.
{"title":"Land and Boundary Conflicts in Russia and Former Soviet Countries","authors":"I. Semyonov","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1457","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study examines the nature and resolution of land and boundary conflicts in Russia and former Soviet countries. \u0000Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Results: The literature review on environmental mediation in Bolivia reveals significant impacts on conflict management, including changes in dispute resolution approaches, mediator roles and outcomes. Indigenous and community mechanisms emphasize land rights, resource control and livelihoods, influencing contemporary practices. However, integration also raises concerns about cultural identity, self-governance and ecological preservation. Balancing community principles with state environmental laws proves difficult. Strict adherence to indigenous doctrines limits innovation while adaptations undermine cultural identity. \u0000Recommendations: This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of land and boundary conflicts in Russia and former Soviet countries by synthesizing existing literature and providing a comprehensive analysis of the drivers, patterns, and impacts of these conflicts. The study offers insights into the practical implications of land and boundary conflicts, including the need for effective governance, inclusive decision-making processes, and sustainable resource management. The findings can inform policymakers, practitioners, and scholars in developing strategies to address land and boundary conflicts, foster peacebuilding, and promote regional stability in the context of Russia and former Soviet countries. The study also identifies gaps and areas for further research, highlighting the complex and dynamic nature of land and boundary conflicts in this region.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126774125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aims to examine dispute resolution approaches in indigenous communities in Colombia. Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Results: The literature review on dispute resolution in indigenous communities reveals significant impacts, including changes in conflict management approaches, mediator roles and dispute outcomes. Indigenous mechanisms emphasize community values, identity and autonomy, influencing contemporary practices. However, integration also raises concerns about cultural preservation, land rights and self-governance. Balancing indigenous principles with state laws proves difficult. Strict adherence to community doctrines limits innovation while adaptations threaten cultural heritage. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study offers a unique contribution to understanding complex relationships between indigenous mediation, identity, governance and conflict resolution. It emphasizes the need for nuanced, balanced and progressive approaches enabling positive coordination of community interests with state responsibilities. The research contributes to theories of indigenous rights, cultural preservation and democratic inclusion by exploring how dispute resolution influences and is shaped by these concepts. It shows community doctrines can guide mediation methods promoting harmony, identity and autonomy, with important implications for diversity, equality and civil liberties. Practices must balance indigenous knowledge and state procedures, community governance and national authority. Mediators negotiate intricate relationships and trade-offs between indigenous principles and statutory laws. Policymakers need sensitive and thoughtful frameworks considering indigenous mediation within official policies and systems.
{"title":"Dispute Resolution in Indigenous Communities in Colombia","authors":"J. Castro","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1419","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to examine dispute resolution approaches in indigenous communities in Colombia. \u0000Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Results: The literature review on dispute resolution in indigenous communities reveals significant impacts, including changes in conflict management approaches, mediator roles and dispute outcomes. Indigenous mechanisms emphasize community values, identity and autonomy, influencing contemporary practices. However, integration also raises concerns about cultural preservation, land rights and self-governance. Balancing indigenous principles with state laws proves difficult. Strict adherence to community doctrines limits innovation while adaptations threaten cultural heritage. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study offers a unique contribution to understanding complex relationships between indigenous mediation, identity, governance and conflict resolution. It emphasizes the need for nuanced, balanced and progressive approaches enabling positive coordination of community interests with state responsibilities. The research contributes to theories of indigenous rights, cultural preservation and democratic inclusion by exploring how dispute resolution influences and is shaped by these concepts. It shows community doctrines can guide mediation methods promoting harmony, identity and autonomy, with important implications for diversity, equality and civil liberties. Practices must balance indigenous knowledge and state procedures, community governance and national authority. Mediators negotiate intricate relationships and trade-offs between indigenous principles and statutory laws. Policymakers need sensitive and thoughtful frameworks considering indigenous mediation within official policies and systems. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"70 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115819985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to create a discourse surrounding women role in combating cattle rustling and banditry in north rift, Kenya. The article underscores that Pokot women play key roles in instigating cattle rustling and banditry in the north rift region. While media generally perceive women as passive bystanders, it projects men as the protagonists and antagonists during conflict. The thinking that women are only victims of conflicts, just because of the biases in reporting by the media, needs to be critically looked into. Methodology: The study relied on secondary sources where information from books, journals, periodicals and online opens sources was acquired before deep content analysis was carried and presented in prose. Findings: The study found that although women bear the brunt of conflicts as the post-Cold War examples clearly show, they are not always on the receiving end. Thus, the suffering that women go through because of conflicts has made them become active participants in such fights. While the article conceded that there are several other causal factors accounting for cattle rustling in the north rift, it finds that the role of Pokot women in fuelling livestock theft is a crucial one. Recommendation: The article recommended to policy makers that, if meaningful and sustainable peace is to be made in the north rift, they should consider engaging Pokot women in the peacemaking processes.
{"title":"Managing the Menace of Cattle Rustling and Banditry in North Rift Kenya: The Role of Pokot Women","authors":"Saul Kipchirchir Marigat, Juddy Chebet Cheruiyotomo","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this article is to create a discourse surrounding women role in combating cattle rustling and banditry in north rift, Kenya. The article underscores that Pokot women play key roles in instigating cattle rustling and banditry in the north rift region. While media generally perceive women as passive bystanders, it projects men as the protagonists and antagonists during conflict. The thinking that women are only victims of conflicts, just because of the biases in reporting by the media, needs to be critically looked into. \u0000Methodology: The study relied on secondary sources where information from books, journals, periodicals and online opens sources was acquired before deep content analysis was carried and presented in prose. \u0000Findings: The study found that although women bear the brunt of conflicts as the post-Cold War examples clearly show, they are not always on the receiving end. Thus, the suffering that women go through because of conflicts has made them become active participants in such fights. While the article conceded that there are several other causal factors accounting for cattle rustling in the north rift, it finds that the role of Pokot women in fuelling livestock theft is a crucial one. \u0000Recommendation: The article recommended to policy makers that, if meaningful and sustainable peace is to be made in the north rift, they should consider engaging Pokot women in the peacemaking processes.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121005412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aimed at exploring the dynamics of the resource scarcity as it resulted in Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State, Nigeria. Methodology: Descriptive design adopted in this study, depended on judgmental sampling technique. Secondary source of data collection (books, journal articles, monographs, internet materials among others) were sourced from internet and Nigerian libraries. These documentary data were subjected to content validity before analyzed qualitatively into the study. In order to deepen knowledge on Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State, the study adopted group theory as its framework of analysis. Findings: Findings revealed that climate change is the major factor that forced Fulani herdsmen from the Lake Chad Basin to migrate to Benue State; thereby causing resource competition with Tiv farmers. The Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis has led to security risk, economic loss, humanitarian crisis as well as political division in Benue State. Findings equally revealed that, the federal government of Nigeria has responded to this crisis by proposing various measures, which include Inter-Ministerial Technical Committee, Cattle Colony as well as National Livestock Transformation Plan among others. Regrettably, these measures have not been able to offer lasting solution to the crisis; hence, its impacts continue existing unabated. Recommendation: This study, therefore, recommends wise use of water resource in Lake Chad Basin, reforestation in the northern Nigeria, as well as immediate implementation of Great Green Wall Initiative, as panacea for Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State.
{"title":"Resource Scarcity and Fulani Herdsmen/Tiv Farmers’ Crisis in Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Ekanem","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.1056","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed at exploring the dynamics of the resource scarcity as it resulted in Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: Descriptive design adopted in this study, depended on judgmental sampling technique. Secondary source of data collection (books, journal articles, monographs, internet materials among others) were sourced from internet and Nigerian libraries. These documentary data were subjected to content validity before analyzed qualitatively into the study. In order to deepen knowledge on Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State, the study adopted group theory as its framework of analysis. \u0000Findings: Findings revealed that climate change is the major factor that forced Fulani herdsmen from the Lake Chad Basin to migrate to Benue State; thereby causing resource competition with Tiv farmers. The Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis has led to security risk, economic loss, humanitarian crisis as well as political division in Benue State. Findings equally revealed that, the federal government of Nigeria has responded to this crisis by proposing various measures, which include Inter-Ministerial Technical Committee, Cattle Colony as well as National Livestock Transformation Plan among others. Regrettably, these measures have not been able to offer lasting solution to the crisis; hence, its impacts continue existing unabated. \u0000Recommendation: This study, therefore, recommends wise use of water resource in Lake Chad Basin, reforestation in the northern Nigeria, as well as immediate implementation of Great Green Wall Initiative, as panacea for Fulani herdsmen/Tiv farmers’ crisis in Benue State.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121136402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The empirical study assessed the Effect of Almijiri on Conflict in Kaduna State. Methodology: The culture of poverty theory by Oscar Lewis (1966) was employed to analyze the social cultural factors influencing the system of Almijiri in Kaduna state. Survey design was adopted for the study. 252 Almijirai, malamai, and members of the public were selected using a simple random sampling via lottery across six Local Government Areas in the state. Regression analysis and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to measure the relationship between the dependent variable (conflict) and the independent variable Almijiri (proxy by Street Begging and Poverty). Findings: The findings from Analysis of Variance showed a significant positive relationship between street begging and conflict in Kaduna state (48%). Also, poverty has a positive and significant relationship with conflict in Kaduna state (49%). Recommendation: The study recommends appropriate measures like the Universal Basic Education Act and the Tsangaya Model School should be fully implemented by the government to harness and galvanize the system with modern and inclusive education.
{"title":"Effect of Almijiri on Conflict in Kaduna State","authors":"S. Onuh, A. Akpa, V. E. Kabuk, Obaje Sanni","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.852","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The empirical study assessed the Effect of Almijiri on Conflict in Kaduna State. \u0000Methodology: The culture of poverty theory by Oscar Lewis (1966) was employed to analyze the social cultural factors influencing the system of Almijiri in Kaduna state. Survey design was adopted for the study. 252 Almijirai, malamai, and members of the public were selected using a simple random sampling via lottery across six Local Government Areas in the state. Regression analysis and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to measure the relationship between the dependent variable (conflict) and the independent variable Almijiri (proxy by Street Begging and Poverty). \u0000Findings: The findings from Analysis of Variance showed a significant positive relationship between street begging and conflict in Kaduna state (48%). Also, poverty has a positive and significant relationship with conflict in Kaduna state (49%). \u0000Recommendation: The study recommends appropriate measures like the Universal Basic Education Act and the Tsangaya Model School should be fully implemented by the government to harness and galvanize the system with modern and inclusive education.","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"57 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120892791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Mobile technologies provide an affordable and easily accessible technology that lecturers can use effectively to assist students with their studies. The general objective of the study was to evaluate conflict management styles and employee performance in hospitals Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: From the study findings, it is concluded that the compromising, avoiding and dominating styles are the most commonly used styles among the Public hospitals, the doctors, nurses and the clinical officers. This is because the compromising style encourages participation of all the parties, the style is partially assertive and cooperative and the style leads to temporal solutions when being used. The avoiding style is preferred because it involves withdrawing from the conflict at hand whereas the dominating style is preferred because the style is used in case of an emergency and involves speedy decision making. With all this in place, conflicts are managed which leads to temporal and fair solutions which satisfy all the parties. Therefore, the styles when used leads to increase in employee performance in the work place. Recommendations: The study recommended that the management of public hospitals should ensure that conflicts are cut down basing on how employee performance is important. The management should be able to encourage the employees to perform through participation in the decision making process, ensure they are performing their job roles and duties responsibly and also evaluate employees annually to know understand why they are performing the way they are
{"title":"CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN HOSPITALS.","authors":"Denis O Binyanya","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.790","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Mobile technologies provide an affordable and easily accessible technology that lecturers can use effectively to assist students with their studies. The general objective of the study was to evaluate conflict management styles and employee performance in hospitals \u0000Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. \u0000Findings: From the study findings, it is concluded that the compromising, avoiding and dominating styles are the most commonly used styles among the Public hospitals, the doctors, nurses and the clinical officers. This is because the compromising style encourages participation of all the parties, the style is partially assertive and cooperative and the style leads to temporal solutions when being used. The avoiding style is preferred because it involves withdrawing from the conflict at hand whereas the dominating style is preferred because the style is used in case of an emergency and involves speedy decision making. With all this in place, conflicts are managed which leads to temporal and fair solutions which satisfy all the parties. Therefore, the styles when used leads to increase in employee performance in the work place. \u0000Recommendations: The study recommended that the management of public hospitals should ensure that conflicts are cut down basing on how employee performance is important. The management should be able to encourage the employees to perform through participation in the decision making process, ensure they are performing their job roles and duties responsibly and also evaluate employees annually to know understand why they are performing the way they are","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121109123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Lack of capacity on the part of local peace structures has posed a great challenge to the achievement of a lasting peace. These have remained a major constraint to sustainable peace. Peace structures lacked capacity in terms of finance or logistics to effectively monitor conflict situations, identify early warning indicators and make appropriate rapid response interventions. The general objective of the study was to evaluate impact of conflict Management in the Horn of Africa. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: From the study findings, the study concluded that with the devolved government, opportunities arise to solve some of the problems which eventually may lead to decreased conflict. Participation of citizens and interest group may be enhanced so as to include their voices in development agenda setting and in formulating programs that target peace building activities such as repairing broken relationships and rebuilding livelihoods, especially the pastoral economies. Recommendations: The study recommended that the need for conflict management to focus on the resource management intervention measures in pastoral areas. Such resource management conflict resolution should be based on the emerging issues of land and culture change .According to the study findings it emerged that politics is one of the study findings that limit the effectiveness of inter-community conflict management. Politicians take advantage of their jostling for position to fuel conflict
{"title":"IMPACT OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN THE HORN OF AFRICA","authors":"A. Nguni","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.791","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Lack of capacity on the part of local peace structures has posed a great challenge to the achievement of a lasting peace. These have remained a major constraint to sustainable peace. Peace structures lacked capacity in terms of finance or logistics to effectively monitor conflict situations, identify early warning indicators and make appropriate rapid response interventions. The general objective of the study was to evaluate impact of conflict Management in the Horn of Africa. \u0000Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. \u0000Findings: From the study findings, the study concluded that with the devolved government, opportunities arise to solve some of the problems which eventually may lead to decreased conflict. Participation of citizens and interest group may be enhanced so as to include their voices in development agenda setting and in formulating programs that target peace building activities such as repairing broken relationships and rebuilding livelihoods, especially the pastoral economies. \u0000Recommendations: The study recommended that the need for conflict management to focus on the resource management intervention measures in pastoral areas. Such resource management conflict resolution should be based on the emerging issues of land and culture change .According to the study findings it emerged that politics is one of the study findings that limit the effectiveness of inter-community conflict management. Politicians take advantage of their jostling for position to fuel conflict","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122180263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Lowering the risk of dropout requires a broad set of policies aimed at reducing underlying vulnerabilities, including poverty-related factors and problems linked to education quality. Increasing the income of poor families through cash transfers can help enhance education prospects. The general objective of the study was to evaluate effects of ethnic conflict on access and participation of children in primary education. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that ethnic conflicts are caused by competition over scarce and shrinking resources, favoritism, discrimination; tribal animosity, historical land injustices, voting along ethnic lines, during general elections, politics of exclusion, and biased resource allocation among communities. The causes of ethnic conflicts disrupted education activities and programs; impoverished communities, caused school dropout by children, closure of schools, absenteeism and poor enrolments and attendance levels in schools Recommendations: There is need for trauma counselling to be offered to victims of the post-election violence. The relevant governments needs to seriously address the problem of land and put policies in place for citizens regarding owning land and property anywhere to avoid recurrence of ethnic violence in various parts of the country. On the effects of ethnic conflict on access and participation of children in primary education the researcher recommended that the relevant stakeholders should seriously address the issues related with distribution of resources, marginalization, favoritism and discrimination
{"title":"EFFECTS OF ETHNIC CONFLICT ON ACCESS AND PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN IN PRIMARY EDUCATION","authors":"Elizabeth Wangare","doi":"10.47672/ejcm.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.789","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Lowering the risk of dropout requires a broad set of policies aimed at reducing underlying vulnerabilities, including poverty-related factors and problems linked to education quality. Increasing the income of poor families through cash transfers can help enhance education prospects. The general objective of the study was to evaluate effects of ethnic conflict on access and participation of children in primary education. \u0000Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. \u0000Findings: The study concludes that ethnic conflicts are caused by competition over scarce and shrinking resources, favoritism, discrimination; tribal animosity, historical land injustices, voting along ethnic lines, during general elections, politics of exclusion, and biased resource allocation among communities. The causes of ethnic conflicts disrupted education activities and programs; impoverished communities, caused school dropout by children, closure of schools, absenteeism and poor enrolments and attendance levels in schools \u0000Recommendations: There is need for trauma counselling to be offered to victims of the post-election violence. The relevant governments needs to seriously address the problem of land and put policies in place for citizens regarding owning land and property anywhere to avoid recurrence of ethnic violence in various parts of the country. On the effects of ethnic conflict on access and participation of children in primary education the researcher recommended that the relevant stakeholders should seriously address the issues related with distribution of resources, marginalization, favoritism and discrimination","PeriodicalId":355955,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Conflict Management","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121603893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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