L Munhoz, S Okada, M Hisatomi, Y Yanagi, E S Arita, J Asaumi
Objectives: This meta-analysis addresses the use of mandibular computed tomography (CT) scans for age and/or sex determination in forensic science.
Methods: Six databases were searched until June 2023, using the keyword "mandible" combined with keywords related to "multislice computed tomography" (MCT) or "cone-beam computed tomography" (CBCT) and keywords related to "skeletal age determination" or "sex determination analysis."
Main results: Among the 23 studies included, 11 used MCT and 12 used CBCT to perform forensic assessments. Age determination was the aim of a single study, sex and agedeterminations were the objective of five studies, and the other studies investigated the determination of sex only. Metaanalysis could be performed only for sex determination.
Conclusions: Mandible measurements are useful in sex determination, as the bicondylar and bigonial breadth are larger in males than in females. For the mandible angle, the meta-analysis results confirm sex dimorphism in CBCT scans but not in MCT scans. For age estimation, further studies are needed to prove that the mandible hole is a reliable parameter for age estimation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021260967.
{"title":"Are computed tomography images of the mandible useful in age and sex determination? A forensic science meta-analysis.","authors":"L Munhoz, S Okada, M Hisatomi, Y Yanagi, E S Arita, J Asaumi","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.11058169","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.11058169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This meta-analysis addresses the use of mandibular computed tomography (CT) scans for age and/or sex determination in forensic science.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases were searched until June 2023, using the keyword \"mandible\" combined with keywords related to \"multislice computed tomography\" (MCT) or \"cone-beam computed tomography\" (CBCT) and keywords related to \"skeletal age determination\" or \"sex determination analysis.\"</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>Among the 23 studies included, 11 used MCT and 12 used CBCT to perform forensic assessments. Age determination was the aim of a single study, sex and agedeterminations were the objective of five studies, and the other studies investigated the determination of sex only. Metaanalysis could be performed only for sex determination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mandible measurements are useful in sex determination, as the bicondylar and bigonial breadth are larger in males than in females. For the mandible angle, the meta-analysis results confirm sex dimorphism in CBCT scans but not in MCT scans. For age estimation, further studies are needed to prove that the mandible hole is a reliable parameter for age estimation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021260967.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11154091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the past few years, there has been an enormous increase in the application of artificial intelligence and its adoption in multiple fields, including healthcare. Forensic medicine and forensic odontology have tremendous scope for development using AI. In cases of severe burns, complete loss of tissue, complete or partial loss of bony structure, decayed bodies, mass disaster victim identification, etc., there is a need for prompt identification of the bony remains. The mandible, is the strongest bone of the facial region, is highly resistant to undue mechanical, chemical or physical impacts and has been widely used in many studies to determine age and sexual dimorphism. Radiographic estimation of the jaw bone for age and sex is more workable since it is simple and can be applied equally to both dead and living cases to aid in the identification process. Hence, this systematic review is focused on various AI tools for age and sex determination in maxillofacial radiographs. The data was obtained through searching for the articles across various search engines, published from January 2013 to March 2023. QUADAS 2 was used for qualitative synthesis, followed by a Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy review for the risk of bias analysis of the included studies. The results of the studies are highly optimistic. The accuracy and precision obtained are comparable to those of a human examiner. These models, when designed with the right kind of data, can be of tremendous use in medico legal scenarios and disaster victim identification.
在过去的几年里,人工智能的应用和在包括医疗保健在内的多个领域的采用大幅增加。利用人工智能,法医学和法医牙科学有着巨大的发展空间。在严重烧伤、组织完全缺失、骨骼结构完全或部分缺失、尸体腐烂、大规模灾难受害者身份鉴定等情况下,需要对骨骼遗骸进行及时鉴定。下颌骨是面部区域最坚固的骨骼,具有很强的抗不当机械、化学或物理冲击的能力,在许多研究中被广泛用于确定年龄和性别二态性。对颌骨的年龄和性别进行 X 射线评估更为可行,因为这种方法简单易行,可同样适用于死者和活人,有助于鉴定过程。因此,本系统性综述的重点是颌面部 X 射线照片中用于确定年龄和性别的各种人工智能工具。数据是通过在各种搜索引擎上搜索 2013 年 1 月至 2023 年 3 月期间发表的文章获得的。采用 QUADAS 2 进行定性综合,然后采用 Cochrane 诊断测试准确性综述对纳入的研究进行偏倚风险分析。研究结果非常乐观。所获得的准确度和精确度可与人类检验员相媲美。这些模型在使用正确的数据设计时,可在医疗法律场景和灾难受害者鉴定中发挥巨大作用。
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in age and sex determination using maxillofacial radiographs: A systematic review.","authors":"S Singh, B Singha, S Kumar","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.11088513","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.11088513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past few years, there has been an enormous increase in the application of artificial intelligence and its adoption in multiple fields, including healthcare. Forensic medicine and forensic odontology have tremendous scope for development using AI. In cases of severe burns, complete loss of tissue, complete or partial loss of bony structure, decayed bodies, mass disaster victim identification, etc., there is a need for prompt identification of the bony remains. The mandible, is the strongest bone of the facial region, is highly resistant to undue mechanical, chemical or physical impacts and has been widely used in many studies to determine age and sexual dimorphism. Radiographic estimation of the jaw bone for age and sex is more workable since it is simple and can be applied equally to both dead and living cases to aid in the identification process. Hence, this systematic review is focused on various AI tools for age and sex determination in maxillofacial radiographs. The data was obtained through searching for the articles across various search engines, published from January 2013 to March 2023. QUADAS 2 was used for qualitative synthesis, followed by a Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy review for the risk of bias analysis of the included studies. The results of the studies are highly optimistic. The accuracy and precision obtained are comparable to those of a human examiner. These models, when designed with the right kind of data, can be of tremendous use in medico legal scenarios and disaster victim identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11154095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Human Identification based on dental evidence cannot be accomplished if antemortem dental records are unavailable or of poor quality. The involvement of the orthodontist in mass disaster victim identification processes may be crucial in relation to the amount and quality of the records which can be obtained before, during, and following the treatment.
Aim: The aim of the study is the description of the contribution of the findings drawn from orthodontic records to the identification of victims of mass disasters who had received an orthodontic treatment, through the presentation of two cases. The first case involves the identification of a child victim of a plane crash and the second case involves the identification of two identical twin girls who died in a fire. In both cases, the identification was based on the findings obtained from the ante-mortem records provided by the orthodontist.
Conclusions: The orthodontists apply customized orthodontic appliances and keep a comprehensive file of images, casts, radiographs, and other records in their practice. As a result, they can make a substantial contribution to the identification of young people or even adult victims of mass disasters in any case in which the authorities make a request.
{"title":"The role of orthodontics in children identification: a case report of two victims of mass disaster.","authors":"A Rontogianni, A Mitsea, K Karayianni","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.11061609","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.11061609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human Identification based on dental evidence cannot be accomplished if antemortem dental records are unavailable or of poor quality. The involvement of the orthodontist in mass disaster victim identification processes may be crucial in relation to the amount and quality of the records which can be obtained before, during, and following the treatment.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study is the description of the contribution of the findings drawn from orthodontic records to the identification of victims of mass disasters who had received an orthodontic treatment, through the presentation of two cases. The first case involves the identification of a child victim of a plane crash and the second case involves the identification of two identical twin girls who died in a fire. In both cases, the identification was based on the findings obtained from the ante-mortem records provided by the orthodontist.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The orthodontists apply customized orthodontic appliances and keep a comprehensive file of images, casts, radiographs, and other records in their practice. As a result, they can make a substantial contribution to the identification of young people or even adult victims of mass disasters in any case in which the authorities make a request.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11154094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dental age estimation plays a key role in therapeutic, medicolegal, forensic, and anthropological applications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the research progress on dental age estimation using bibliometric analysis. Data were gathered from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. Keyword co-occurrence analysis, collaboration network analysis, and descriptive analysis of bibliographic data were all completed using VOS viewer and Biblioshiny software. There has been an ongoing but gradual rise in research regarding dental age estimation, with notable increase since 2014. The country with the most publications published (205) was India. The year of 2018 (TP = 92) and 2021 (TP = 100) saw a rapid spike in publications and citations, respectively. The Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, which has 153 citations, was the most productive institution. Forensic Science International was the journal with the greatest number of publications (73). Author Cameriere had the maximum number of publications (30). The increase in publications associated to collaboration across numerous authors, nations, and institutes serves as evidence of the significant improvement in dental age estimation. This citation analysis allows for the identification of the most relevant and pertinent research fields while providing a view on the development of research in the field of dental age estimation.
牙龄估计在治疗、医疗、法医和人类学应用中起着关键作用。本研究的目的是通过文献计量分析来评估牙科年龄估计方面的研究进展。数据来自 Scopus、Web of Science 和 PubMed。使用 VOS 浏览器和 Biblioshiny 软件完成了关键词共现分析、协作网络分析和文献数据描述性分析。有关牙龄估计的研究一直在持续但逐步增加,自 2014 年以来显著增加。发表论文最多(205 篇)的国家是印度。2018年(TP = 92)和2021年(TP = 100)的论文发表量和引用量分别迅速飙升。上海交通大学医学院的论文被引用次数为153次,是论文被引用次数最多的机构。国际法医学》是发表论文最多的期刊(73 篇)。作者卡梅里埃的论文数量最多(30 篇)。与众多作者、国家和机构的合作相关的论文数量的增加,证明了牙科年龄估计的显著进步。通过引文分析,我们可以确定最相关和最有意义的研究领域,同时还可以了解牙科年龄估计领域的研究发展情况。
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of research on dental age estimation.","authors":"S Ponraj, K Ramar, R Sekar, A Kasi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental age estimation plays a key role in therapeutic, medicolegal, forensic, and anthropological applications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the research progress on dental age estimation using bibliometric analysis. Data were gathered from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. Keyword co-occurrence analysis, collaboration network analysis, and descriptive analysis of bibliographic data were all completed using VOS viewer and Biblioshiny software. There has been an ongoing but gradual rise in research regarding dental age estimation, with notable increase since 2014. The country with the most publications published (205) was India. The year of 2018 (TP = 92) and 2021 (TP = 100) saw a rapid spike in publications and citations, respectively. The Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, which has 153 citations, was the most productive institution. Forensic Science International was the journal with the greatest number of publications (73). Author Cameriere had the maximum number of publications (30). The increase in publications associated to collaboration across numerous authors, nations, and institutes serves as evidence of the significant improvement in dental age estimation. This citation analysis allows for the identification of the most relevant and pertinent research fields while providing a view on the development of research in the field of dental age estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E Macorano, F Mele, M Calvano, M Leonardelli, S Duma, G De Gabriele, M G Guerra, L M Galantucci, F Introna, V Santoro
The study of bite marks provides crucial elements that contribute towards identifying the biter. In many cases, it assumes importance when bite marks are detected on the body of a victim of violence, but it could also be relevant when the bite marks are seen on food substances at the crime scene. In both circumstances, comparing the bite marks with a suspect's dentition can be decisive in confirming or excluding the culpability. In this case report, a bun (bread roll) with the sign of a bite was found at the crime scene. We report a pilot study using 3D reproduction of the bite mark on the bun and dental models of the alleged biter and the victim. A reverse engineering process was used to obtain digital 3D models of the bitten bun and the dental models by taking numerous photographs and stitching them together using a software called Metashape by Agisoft. The last step was to compare the bitemark to the two dental models, evaluating the spatial distance, the degree of overlap, and the degree of interpenetration. The results confirmed the usefulness of reverse engineering in forensic investigations showing the compatibility between the victim's teeth and the bite mark on the bun.
{"title":"Reverse engineering in forensic investigations: a new approach to bite mark analysis.","authors":"E Macorano, F Mele, M Calvano, M Leonardelli, S Duma, G De Gabriele, M G Guerra, L M Galantucci, F Introna, V Santoro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of bite marks provides crucial elements that contribute towards identifying the biter. In many cases, it assumes importance when bite marks are detected on the body of a victim of violence, but it could also be relevant when the bite marks are seen on food substances at the crime scene. In both circumstances, comparing the bite marks with a suspect's dentition can be decisive in confirming or excluding the culpability. In this case report, a bun (bread roll) with the sign of a bite was found at the crime scene. We report a pilot study using 3D reproduction of the bite mark on the bun and dental models of the alleged biter and the victim. A reverse engineering process was used to obtain digital 3D models of the bitten bun and the dental models by taking numerous photographs and stitching them together using a software called Metashape by Agisoft. The last step was to compare the bitemark to the two dental models, evaluating the spatial distance, the degree of overlap, and the degree of interpenetration. The results confirmed the usefulness of reverse engineering in forensic investigations showing the compatibility between the victim's teeth and the bite mark on the bun.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To investigate whether a specific tooth or teeth provide the most accurate estimation of chronological age (CA), and determine which of the three staging systems studied represents dental development for an individual tooth.
Method: Data were collected from 400 digital panoramic radiographs of healthy Saudi children aged 6.00-15.99 years. Each permanent tooth on the left side was evaluated to determine its developmental stage and dental age using the methods by Moorrees, Fanning, and Hunt (MFH) (1963), as adapted by Smith (1991), Gleiser and Hunt (1955), and Nicodemo et al. (1974). The accuracy (bias) of each tooth type and stage was assessed in relation to the CA, the teeth and the methods were compared, and the accuracy of age estimation using all teeth and the most accurate tooth in each method were compared.
Results: Regarding staging systems, comparatively, Gleiser and Hunt's method had the lowest bias for the lower first molar (-0.50 ± 1.05 years). Nicodemo et al.'s method had a lower bias for all other mandibular teeth compared to the MFH method. For individual teeth using the MFH method, the most and least accurate teeth for the combined sexes were the lower central incisor (-0.59 ± 0.77 years) and the lower first molar (-1.54 ± 0.93 years), respectively. No significant difference was found between the biases when using the lower central incisor alone and when using all teeth for the combined sexes. For individual teeth using Nicodemo et al.'s method, the most and least accurate teeth for combined sexes were the upper central incisor (-0.03 ± 1.01 years) and the lower first molar (-1.08 ± 1.59 years), respectively. A significant difference was found between the biases using the upper central incisor alone and all teeth for the combined sexes, with the upper central incisor exhibiting the lowest bias (P=0.028).
Conclusions: Comparatively, Nicodemo et al.'s method had the lowest bias for all teeth except for the lower first molar, where Gleiser and Hunt's method had the lowest bias. This, however, should not be confused with precision. MFH's staging system was more representative of dental development for an individual tooth. For combined sexes, the lower central and lateral incisors were the most accurate teeth using the MFH method. The upper central incisor and lower first premolar were the most accurate teeth using Nicodemo et al.'s method. The lower first molar was the least accurate tooth using both methods.
{"title":"Accuracy of dental age estimations based on individual teeth and staging system comparisons.","authors":"N N AlOtaibi, F A Aldawood, S J AlQahtani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate whether a specific tooth or teeth provide the most accurate estimation of chronological age (CA), and determine which of the three staging systems studied represents dental development for an individual tooth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were collected from 400 digital panoramic radiographs of healthy Saudi children aged 6.00-15.99 years. Each permanent tooth on the left side was evaluated to determine its developmental stage and dental age using the methods by Moorrees, Fanning, and Hunt (MFH) (1963), as adapted by Smith (1991), Gleiser and Hunt (1955), and Nicodemo et al. (1974). The accuracy (bias) of each tooth type and stage was assessed in relation to the CA, the teeth and the methods were compared, and the accuracy of age estimation using all teeth and the most accurate tooth in each method were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding staging systems, comparatively, Gleiser and Hunt's method had the lowest bias for the lower first molar (-0.50 ± 1.05 years). Nicodemo et al.'s method had a lower bias for all other mandibular teeth compared to the MFH method. For individual teeth using the MFH method, the most and least accurate teeth for the combined sexes were the lower central incisor (-0.59 ± 0.77 years) and the lower first molar (-1.54 ± 0.93 years), respectively. No significant difference was found between the biases when using the lower central incisor alone and when using all teeth for the combined sexes. For individual teeth using Nicodemo et al.'s method, the most and least accurate teeth for combined sexes were the upper central incisor (-0.03 ± 1.01 years) and the lower first molar (-1.08 ± 1.59 years), respectively. A significant difference was found between the biases using the upper central incisor alone and all teeth for the combined sexes, with the upper central incisor exhibiting the lowest bias (P=0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Comparatively, Nicodemo et al.'s method had the lowest bias for all teeth except for the lower first molar, where Gleiser and Hunt's method had the lowest bias. This, however, should not be confused with precision. MFH's staging system was more representative of dental development for an individual tooth. For combined sexes, the lower central and lateral incisors were the most accurate teeth using the MFH method. The upper central incisor and lower first premolar were the most accurate teeth using Nicodemo et al.'s method. The lower first molar was the least accurate tooth using both methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Gupta, N Sikka, M Kamboj, A Hooda, A Devi, A Narwal
Objectives: The presence of dental anomalies could play a significant role in the identification of individuals by comparing antemortem and postmortem data. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and awareness among dental professionals regarding the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintaining dental records.
Methodology: A self-structured questionnaire was e-mailed to dental professionals practicing in India. The responses were recorded, data tabulated, and one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests were applied for analysis. The criterion for significance was p < .05.
Results: A total of 406 dental professionals responded to the survey. A significant difference was observed in the mean attitude score of participants towards the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintaining dental records with regard to place of work (p=.001), gender (p=.044) and educational qualification (p=.039). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean awareness score of participants with respect to place of work (p=.033) and gender (p=.001). The major barriers in maintaining dental records were lack of time, adequate knowledge, infrastructure, and financial constraints.
Conclusion: 81.3% and 69.26% study participants had very good awareness and attitude, whereas 71.2% had good knowledge regarding the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintenance of dental records; however, their inaccurate responses in anomaly identification hinted towards the need for proper dental charting and their maintenance to be taught en masse and made part of the BDS curriculum.
目的:通过比较死前和死后数据,牙科异常的存在可在识别个人身份方面发挥重要作用。这项横断面研究旨在评估牙科专业人员对牙科异常情况制表和保存牙科记录的重要性的了解程度、态度和认识:通过电子邮件向在印度执业的牙科专业人员发送了一份自我结构化问卷。对答复进行记录,将数据制成表格,并应用单因素方差分析和事后检验进行分析。显著性标准为 p <.05:共有 406 名牙科专业人员对调查做出了回复。在工作地点(p=.001)、性别(p=.044)和学历(p=.039)方面,参与者对制作牙科异常情况图表和保存牙科记录的重要性的平均态度得分存在明显差异。此外,在工作地点(p=.033)和性别(p=.001)方面,受试者的平均认知度得分也有显著的统计学差异。结论:81.3%和69.26%的研究参与者对牙科异常情况制图和牙科记录维护的重要性有很好的认识和态度,而71.2%的参与者对其有很好的了解;然而,他们在异常情况识别方面的不准确回答暗示了有必要大规模教授正确的牙科制图和牙科记录维护,并将其作为基础牙科学课程的一部分。
{"title":"Dental professional's perspective regarding knowledge, awareness, and attitude towards the importance of charting dental anomalies: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"S Gupta, N Sikka, M Kamboj, A Hooda, A Devi, A Narwal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The presence of dental anomalies could play a significant role in the identification of individuals by comparing antemortem and postmortem data. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and awareness among dental professionals regarding the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintaining dental records.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A self-structured questionnaire was e-mailed to dental professionals practicing in India. The responses were recorded, data tabulated, and one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests were applied for analysis. The criterion for significance was p < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 406 dental professionals responded to the survey. A significant difference was observed in the mean attitude score of participants towards the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintaining dental records with regard to place of work (p=.001), gender (p=.044) and educational qualification (p=.039). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean awareness score of participants with respect to place of work (p=.033) and gender (p=.001). The major barriers in maintaining dental records were lack of time, adequate knowledge, infrastructure, and financial constraints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>81.3% and 69.26% study participants had very good awareness and attitude, whereas 71.2% had good knowledge regarding the importance of charting dental anomalies and maintenance of dental records; however, their inaccurate responses in anomaly identification hinted towards the need for proper dental charting and their maintenance to be taught en masse and made part of the BDS curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EDITORIAL The uniqueness of the human dentition revisited: a logical approach to the current impasse.","authors":"H Bernitz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V C Kuncha, V S Kolaparthi, R K Raparthi, B J Tadakamadla, S K Tadakamadla, S B Balla
There has been an increase in the need for alternate methods of dental age assessment, especially for the forensic age diagnosis of the 18th year of life. This is due to the completion of the third molar development before 18 years or the agenesis or therapeutic extractions of the third molars. The present study aimed to verify whether the secondary dentin formation in lower premolars can be used to determine the completion of the 18th year of life in a sample of South Indian adolescents and young adults. For this purpose, 800 orthopantomograms of 400 male and 400 female South Indian subjects aged 14- 22 were evaluated. The characteristics of the secondary dentin formation were determined in all mandibular premolars using the stage classification according to Olze et al (Int J Legal Med 126(4):615-21). The results showed that when stage 3 of secondary dentin formation was reached in the first premolars, the probability of the subject completing the 18th year of life was very high. However, only a few individuals in the studied population were at stage 3. Therefore, proceeding cautiously with this degenerative change in lower premolars is advised due to the higher inter-examiner differences. It is also recommended to use this method in conjunction with other age estimation methods. Further research should investigate other degenerative characteristics in the studied population.
{"title":"Radiographic evaluation of secondary dentin formation in lower premolars for forensic age diagnosis of 18 years in a sample of south Indian adolescents and young adults.","authors":"V C Kuncha, V S Kolaparthi, R K Raparthi, B J Tadakamadla, S K Tadakamadla, S B Balla","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been an increase in the need for alternate methods of dental age assessment, especially for the forensic age diagnosis of the 18th year of life. This is due to the completion of the third molar development before 18 years or the agenesis or therapeutic extractions of the third molars. The present study aimed to verify whether the secondary dentin formation in lower premolars can be used to determine the completion of the 18th year of life in a sample of South Indian adolescents and young adults. For this purpose, 800 orthopantomograms of 400 male and 400 female South Indian subjects aged 14- 22 were evaluated. The characteristics of the secondary dentin formation were determined in all mandibular premolars using the stage classification according to Olze et al (Int J Legal Med 126(4):615-21). The results showed that when stage 3 of secondary dentin formation was reached in the first premolars, the probability of the subject completing the 18th year of life was very high. However, only a few individuals in the studied population were at stage 3. Therefore, proceeding cautiously with this degenerative change in lower premolars is advised due to the higher inter-examiner differences. It is also recommended to use this method in conjunction with other age estimation methods. Further research should investigate other degenerative characteristics in the studied population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Historically, the law, dental and forensic literature has included numerous articles concerning abused children. The orofacial structures are injured frequently in the maltreated child. Injuries of the neck, head, face, and oral cavity represent the most affected areas of the victim's body that routinely sustain physical trauma in child maltreatment cases. This literature review aimed to report the state of art of child abuse from the point of view of the dentist with focus on studies in dental aspects of child abuse and neglect of the last ten years. Considering the time slot, 20 papers were included with the following inclusion criteria: papers published in English, all keywords included in the title, articles available on PubMed. Many of the injuries are within the scope of dentistry or easily observed by the dental professional during routine dental treatment, and it is essential that the dentist recognizes them. Concerning neglect, it is appropriate to make a distinction between deliberate parental behavior that has the consequence of unavoidable and voluntary neglect towards their children and those conditions of involuntary carelessness determined by socio-economic and cultural factors such as family isolation, lack of finances, parental ignorance, or lack of perceived value of oral health. Therefore, it is relevant that the dentist pays attention to the cases to report and those that only need help.
{"title":"Child abuse and neglect: oral and dental signs and the role of the dentist.","authors":"F Mele, F Introna, V Santoro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historically, the law, dental and forensic literature has included numerous articles concerning abused children. The orofacial structures are injured frequently in the maltreated child. Injuries of the neck, head, face, and oral cavity represent the most affected areas of the victim's body that routinely sustain physical trauma in child maltreatment cases. This literature review aimed to report the state of art of child abuse from the point of view of the dentist with focus on studies in dental aspects of child abuse and neglect of the last ten years. Considering the time slot, 20 papers were included with the following inclusion criteria: papers published in English, all keywords included in the title, articles available on PubMed. Many of the injuries are within the scope of dentistry or easily observed by the dental professional during routine dental treatment, and it is essential that the dentist recognizes them. Concerning neglect, it is appropriate to make a distinction between deliberate parental behavior that has the consequence of unavoidable and voluntary neglect towards their children and those conditions of involuntary carelessness determined by socio-economic and cultural factors such as family isolation, lack of finances, parental ignorance, or lack of perceived value of oral health. Therefore, it is relevant that the dentist pays attention to the cases to report and those that only need help.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10473457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}