Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039465
N. Sandhu, S. Chanana
In this paper, an effort has been made to compare the cost of energy of different configurations of multi-rotor wind turbines (MRWT). Three different optimisation techniques, i.e., genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and pigeon inspired optimisation (PIO) have been employed to find out the most suitable rotor configuration for the minimum cost of wind power generation. Power, energy and cost models as proposed are used to determine the annual energy yield and economics of multi-rotor turbines. Simulation results using three optimisation algorithms give the same rotor configuration for minimum cost of energy.
{"title":"Optimised cost of wind energy using MRWT","authors":"N. Sandhu, S. Chanana","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039465","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an effort has been made to compare the cost of energy of different configurations of multi-rotor wind turbines (MRWT). Three different optimisation techniques, i.e., genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and pigeon inspired optimisation (PIO) have been employed to find out the most suitable rotor configuration for the minimum cost of wind power generation. Power, energy and cost models as proposed are used to determine the annual energy yield and economics of multi-rotor turbines. Simulation results using three optimisation algorithms give the same rotor configuration for minimum cost of energy.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039464
A. Botts, B. Gopalakrishnan, A. Nimbarte, K. Currie, Vivash Karki
This research focuses on twin tower regenerative closed loop desiccant dryers, specifically: blower heater non-purge (BHNP) with and without cooling water pumps, compressed-air heater purge (CHP), blower heater purge (BHP) and pressure swing heaterless (PSH). The research was conducted by collecting and analysing real time current draw data on air compressors and associated dryers at eight different facilities (13 air compressors) in terms of energy, power and cost. A decision tool was developed to depict the operational characteristics (power, energy and cost) of each type of dryer if used in conjunction with the selected compressor system. Finally, this research, on an equivalent normalised basis, compared and contrasted the different types of dryers in terms of performance and cost. The research concluded that of the five types of desiccant dryer types observed the most energy efficient was the BHNP (with cooling water pump), subject to the operational conditions.
{"title":"Energy efficiency of blower heater non-purge compressed air dryers","authors":"A. Botts, B. Gopalakrishnan, A. Nimbarte, K. Currie, Vivash Karki","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039464","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on twin tower regenerative closed loop desiccant dryers, specifically: blower heater non-purge (BHNP) with and without cooling water pumps, compressed-air heater purge (CHP), blower heater purge (BHP) and pressure swing heaterless (PSH). The research was conducted by collecting and analysing real time current draw data on air compressors and associated dryers at eight different facilities (13 air compressors) in terms of energy, power and cost. A decision tool was developed to depict the operational characteristics (power, energy and cost) of each type of dryer if used in conjunction with the selected compressor system. Finally, this research, on an equivalent normalised basis, compared and contrasted the different types of dryers in terms of performance and cost. The research concluded that of the five types of desiccant dryer types observed the most energy efficient was the BHNP (with cooling water pump), subject to the operational conditions.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44408624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.116331
N. Kapustin, D. Grushevenko, Ekatrina V. Grushevenko
Since 2014 Russian oil industry has been under sanctions. Nevertheless, oil production increased from 518 (2012) to 548 million tons in 2016. This increase in production was due to development of major greenfield projects, initiated way before 2014. Our calculations show that by 2025 the new fields will pass peak production and the issue of maintaining production will become increasingly acute. The key to ensuring stable oil output is the development and implementation of new, advanced technologies, which became the target of the sanctions. Government and oil companies need to formulate comprehensive strategies and provide focused joint efforts to overcome import dependency. A combination of building up domestic production and expertise and establishing connections with new foreign suppliers is advisable. Political differences should not prevent cooperation with Western companies as it benefits all parties.
{"title":"Russian oil industry under sanctions: analysis of long-term implications and adaptation strategies","authors":"N. Kapustin, D. Grushevenko, Ekatrina V. Grushevenko","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.116331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.116331","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2014 Russian oil industry has been under sanctions. Nevertheless, oil production increased from 518 (2012) to 548 million tons in 2016. This increase in production was due to development of major greenfield projects, initiated way before 2014. Our calculations show that by 2025 the new fields will pass peak production and the issue of maintaining production will become increasingly acute. The key to ensuring stable oil output is the development and implementation of new, advanced technologies, which became the target of the sanctions. Government and oil companies need to formulate comprehensive strategies and provide focused joint efforts to overcome import dependency. A combination of building up domestic production and expertise and establishing connections with new foreign suppliers is advisable. Political differences should not prevent cooperation with Western companies as it benefits all parties.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45198516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039466
Narendra N. Dalei, Pratik Mehta, Jignesh M. Joshi
The oil refinery sector is regarded as the leading energy-consuming industry that shares 33.1% of the total energy consumption in industrial sectors in India. Therefore, the present study estimates the actual energy consumption by using panel data of 12 Indian oil refineries for the period from 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. Using pooled OLS, fixed and random effect models, feasible generalised least squares and panel-corrected standard error models the study observed that that distillate yield, high sulphur crude processed, refinery age and refinery structure (dummy variable) are significant and positively affected to specific and actual energy consumption. Therefore, policies should be adopted for judicious use of these variables to reduce energy consumption in Indian refineries. The study recommends that Indian refiners have to adopt waste heat recovery, flare gas recovery, overall site heat integration and best operating practices to reduce energy consumption.
{"title":"Estimating the energy consumption of Indian refineries: an empirical analysis based on panel data econometrics","authors":"Narendra N. Dalei, Pratik Mehta, Jignesh M. Joshi","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.10039466","url":null,"abstract":"The oil refinery sector is regarded as the leading energy-consuming industry that shares 33.1% of the total energy consumption in industrial sectors in India. Therefore, the present study estimates the actual energy consumption by using panel data of 12 Indian oil refineries for the period from 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. Using pooled OLS, fixed and random effect models, feasible generalised least squares and panel-corrected standard error models the study observed that that distillate yield, high sulphur crude processed, refinery age and refinery structure (dummy variable) are significant and positively affected to specific and actual energy consumption. Therefore, policies should be adopted for judicious use of these variables to reduce energy consumption in Indian refineries. The study recommends that Indian refiners have to adopt waste heat recovery, flare gas recovery, overall site heat integration and best operating practices to reduce energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46339396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-14DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.10030291
G. Manikanta, H. P. Singh, Ashish Mani, D. Chaturvedi
In power system networks, a common problem encountered by distribution utilities is power losses from their respective networks. Independent implementation of DG and network reconfiguration are majorly used techniques to reduce the losses. In this study, two different scenarios are created with different cases to reduce losses. In Scenario I, simultaneous placement and sizing of DG along with network reconfiguration is used. In Scenario II, an investigation has been performed to reduce the power losses with increased number of small sized DGs. Five cases have been created by operating different DGs, i.e., other than three in parallel with network reconfiguration. An adaptive quantum inspired evolutionary algorithm (AQiEA) is used to maximise the percentage loss reduction and improve voltage profile. The effectiveness of AQiEA is demonstrated and computer simulations are carried out on two IEEE standard benchmark test bus systems. Experimental results indicate that AQiEA has better performance as compared with other algorithms.
{"title":"Simultaneous Application of Distributed Generator and Network Reconfiguration for Power Loss Reduction using Adaptive Quantum inspired Evolutionary Algorithm","authors":"G. Manikanta, H. P. Singh, Ashish Mani, D. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.10030291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.10030291","url":null,"abstract":"In power system networks, a common problem encountered by distribution utilities is power losses from their respective networks. Independent implementation of DG and network reconfiguration are majorly used techniques to reduce the losses. In this study, two different scenarios are created with different cases to reduce losses. In Scenario I, simultaneous placement and sizing of DG along with network reconfiguration is used. In Scenario II, an investigation has been performed to reduce the power losses with increased number of small sized DGs. Five cases have been created by operating different DGs, i.e., other than three in parallel with network reconfiguration. An adaptive quantum inspired evolutionary algorithm (AQiEA) is used to maximise the percentage loss reduction and improve voltage profile. The effectiveness of AQiEA is demonstrated and computer simulations are carried out on two IEEE standard benchmark test bus systems. Experimental results indicate that AQiEA has better performance as compared with other algorithms.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":"17 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46226717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-14DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2021.10037092
Rahul Jaiswal, Anshul Agarwal, R. Negi
The performance of a modular multilevel converter depends on modulation technique, circuit parameter and harmonic order, etc. This performance can be improved by better modulation technique, proper selection of circuit parameters (arm inductance and capacitance), etc. This paper presents the performance of a modular multilevel converter using a phase shifted and phase disposition modulation technique. It has been observed that the total harmonic distortion of phase shifted modulation technique is better than the total harmonic distortion of phase disposition modulation technique. The paper also shows the analysis of modular multilevel converters using variable arm inductance. A comparative analysis of voltage and current THD has also been shown here. The total harmonic distortion is minimum below 100 μH arm inductance. The THD has been improved at the minimum value of arm inductance for both modulation techniques. This improved THD of MMC is very efficient for wind farm application. All analysis has been done by using MATLAB/Simulink software.
{"title":"A phase shifted modular multilevel converter with variable arm inductance","authors":"Rahul Jaiswal, Anshul Agarwal, R. Negi","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2021.10037092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2021.10037092","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a modular multilevel converter depends on modulation technique, circuit parameter and harmonic order, etc. This performance can be improved by better modulation technique, proper selection of circuit parameters (arm inductance and capacitance), etc. This paper presents the performance of a modular multilevel converter using a phase shifted and phase disposition modulation technique. It has been observed that the total harmonic distortion of phase shifted modulation technique is better than the total harmonic distortion of phase disposition modulation technique. The paper also shows the analysis of modular multilevel converters using variable arm inductance. A comparative analysis of voltage and current THD has also been shown here. The total harmonic distortion is minimum below 100 μH arm inductance. The THD has been improved at the minimum value of arm inductance for both modulation techniques. This improved THD of MMC is very efficient for wind farm application. All analysis has been done by using MATLAB/Simulink software.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46436140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.114363
G. Manikanta, Ashish Mani, H. P. Singh, D. Chaturvedi
{"title":"Simultaneous application of distributed generator and network reconfiguration for power loss reduction using an adaptive quantum inspired evolutionary algorithm","authors":"G. Manikanta, Ashish Mani, H. P. Singh, D. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.114363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.114363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66771651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2021.111921
Flavio Numata Jr.
{"title":"An energy analysis of first to third-generation bioethanol production in Brazil: the potential for CO2 emissions","authors":"Flavio Numata Jr.","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2021.111921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.111921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66771507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, the most decisive challenges we are fronting are perfectly clean energy making for equitable and sustainable modern energy access, and battling the emerging alteration of the climate. This is because, carbon-rich fuels are the fundamental supply of utilized energy for strengthening human society, and it will be sustained in the near future. In connection with this, electrochemical technologies are an emerging and domineering tool for efficiently transforming the existing scarce fossil fuels and renewable energy sources into electric power with a trivial environmental impact. Compared with conventional power generation technologies, SOFC that operate at high temperature is emerging as a frontrunner to convert the fuels chemical energy into electric power and permits the deployment of varieties of fuels with negligible ecological destructions. According to this critical review, direct ammonia is obtained as a primary possible choice and price-effective green fuel for T-SOFCs. This is because T-SOFCs have higher volumetric power density, mechanically stable, and high thermal shocking resistance. Also, there is no sealing issue problem which is the chronic issues of the planar one. As a result, the toxicity of ammonia to use as a fuel is minimized if there may be a leakage during operation. It is portable and manageable that can be work everywhere when there is energy demand. Besides, manufacturing, onboard hydrogen deposition, and transportation infrastructure connected snags of hydrogen will be solved using ammonia. Ammonia is a low-priced carbon-neutral source of energy and has more stored volumetric energy compared with hydrogen. Yet, to utilize direct NH3 as a means of hydrogen carrier and an alternative green fuel in T-SOFCs practically determining the optimum operating temperatures, reactant flow rates, electrode porosities, pressure, the position of the anode, thickness and diameters of the tube are still requiring further improvement. Therefore, mathematical modeling ought to be developed to determine these parameters before planning for experimental work. Also, a performance comparison of AS, ES, and CS- T-SOFC powered with direct NH3 will be investigated and best-performed support will be carefully chosen for practical implementation and an experimental study will be conducted for verification based on optimum parameter values obtained from numerical modeling.
{"title":"Direct ammonia fueled solid oxide fuel cells: A comprehensive review on challenges, opportunities and future outlooks","authors":"Molla Asmare, M. Ilbas","doi":"10.32438/ijet.203011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32438/ijet.203011","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the most decisive challenges we are fronting are perfectly clean energy making for equitable and sustainable modern energy access, and battling the emerging alteration of the climate. This is because, carbon-rich fuels are the fundamental supply of utilized energy for strengthening human society, and it will be sustained in the near future. In connection with this, electrochemical technologies are an emerging and domineering tool for efficiently transforming the existing scarce fossil fuels and renewable energy sources into electric power with a trivial environmental impact. Compared with conventional power generation technologies, SOFC that operate at high temperature is emerging as a frontrunner to convert the fuels chemical energy into electric power and permits the deployment of varieties of fuels with negligible ecological destructions. According to this critical review, direct ammonia is obtained as a primary possible choice and price-effective green fuel for T-SOFCs. This is because T-SOFCs have higher volumetric power density, mechanically stable, and high thermal shocking resistance. Also, there is no sealing issue problem which is the chronic issues of the planar one. As a result, the toxicity of ammonia to use as a fuel is minimized if there may be a leakage during operation. It is portable and manageable that can be work everywhere when there is energy demand. Besides, manufacturing, onboard hydrogen deposition, and transportation infrastructure connected snags of hydrogen will be solved using ammonia. Ammonia is a low-priced carbon-neutral source of energy and has more stored volumetric energy compared with hydrogen. Yet, to utilize direct NH3 as a means of hydrogen carrier and an alternative green fuel in T-SOFCs practically determining the optimum operating temperatures, reactant flow rates, electrode porosities, pressure, the position of the anode, thickness and diameters of the tube are still requiring further improvement. Therefore, mathematical modeling ought to be developed to determine these parameters before planning for experimental work. Also, a performance comparison of AS, ES, and CS- T-SOFC powered with direct NH3 will be investigated and best-performed support will be carefully chosen for practical implementation and an experimental study will be conducted for verification based on optimum parameter values obtained from numerical modeling.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80435255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.1504/ijetp.2020.10029139
N. Ray, R. Mohanty, M. K. Mohanty
In this study, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are applied to analyse the quantity and quality of energy and exergy in a compression ignition (C.I.) engine using diesel and biogas in dual fuel mode. The energy and exergy for the engine have been calculated and analysed by Taguchi method for both modes of operation using MINITAB software. The results show the similar energetic performance of dual fuel mode as that of diesel fuel mode. The exergetic performance parameters also follow the similar trends according to the energetic performance parameters. The analyses are based on energy and exergy distribution of dual fuel mode with the varying load and compared with the corresponding values of diesel mode.
{"title":"Optimisation of energy and exergy parameters of a C.I. engine in dual fuel mode using Taguchi method","authors":"N. Ray, R. Mohanty, M. K. Mohanty","doi":"10.1504/ijetp.2020.10029139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2020.10029139","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are applied to analyse the quantity and quality of energy and exergy in a compression ignition (C.I.) engine using diesel and biogas in dual fuel mode. The energy and exergy for the engine have been calculated and analysed by Taguchi method for both modes of operation using MINITAB software. The results show the similar energetic performance of dual fuel mode as that of diesel fuel mode. The exergetic performance parameters also follow the similar trends according to the energetic performance parameters. The analyses are based on energy and exergy distribution of dual fuel mode with the varying load and compared with the corresponding values of diesel mode.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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