Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0015
Teresa Pais
The exercise of spatial representation poses specific difficulties to students of architecture. To identify and understand such setbacks, several students were asked to make a modelled drawing and a contour drawing of three urban spaces with highly differentiated features. The examination of the students’ drawings has enabled the identification of the most recurrent imprecisions, their corresponding spatial position and in which type of drawing they more frequently occur. The data collected suggest that, despite inaccuracies occurring more frequently and clearly in contour drawings, this type of exercise allows the credible representation of a place, thereby stimu- lating the observation and consideration of aspects related to the materiality of the surfaces and the constructive definition of the elements that are part of that space. Modelled drawings and contour drawings - the latter preferably developed under given coordinates - are key and complementary exercises for developing the ability to control shape and space.
{"title":"MASTERING PERSPECTIVE IN OBSERVATIONAL DRAWING","authors":"Teresa Pais","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0015","url":null,"abstract":"The exercise of spatial representation poses specific difficulties to students of architecture. To identify and understand such setbacks, several students were asked to make a modelled drawing and a contour drawing of three urban spaces with highly differentiated features.\u0000The examination of the students’ drawings has enabled the identification of the most recurrent imprecisions, their corresponding spatial position and in which type of drawing they more frequently occur. The data collected suggest that, despite inaccuracies occurring more frequently and clearly in contour drawings, this type of exercise allows the credible representation of a place, thereby stimu- lating the observation and consideration of aspects related to the materiality of the surfaces and the constructive definition of the elements that are part of that space.\u0000Modelled drawings and contour drawings - the latter preferably developed under given coordinates - are key and complementary exercises for developing the ability to control shape and space.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120945879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0008
Cátia Ramos
This article focuses on the construction of the city of Guarda between the years of 100 and 2010, assessing the importance of computer technology as a tool for historical research. In urban research, computer technology can be a tool with potential for a more democratic opening for research findings. Although three-dimensional models and other visual means can help the historian in his interpretation process, nowadays, he must also be concerned with the means of communication that help to expand the dissemination of his work. By explaining the process of research, interpretation, modelling and visualization of Guarda’s growth, we will introduce the steps and the difficulties found in the project of building a representation laboratory of Guarda. As a tool for historians, architects and citizens that interpret Guarda’s growth and critically design its future, the laboratory is a first step for providing citizens and researchers the comprehension of Guarda’s growth through democratic access tools.
{"title":"GUARDA’S REPRESENTATION LABORATORY (100-2010): RESEARCHING, INTERPRETING, MODELING AND VISUALIZING A CITY’S GROWTH","authors":"Cátia Ramos","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0008","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the construction of the city of Guarda between the years of 100 and 2010, assessing the importance of computer technology as a tool for historical research. In urban research, computer technology can be a tool with potential for a more democratic opening for research findings. Although three-dimensional models and other visual means can help the historian in his interpretation process, nowadays, he must also be concerned with the means of communication that help to expand the dissemination of his work. By explaining the process of research, interpretation, modelling and visualization of Guarda’s growth, we will introduce the steps and the difficulties found in the project of building a representation laboratory of Guarda. As a tool for historians, architects and citizens that interpret Guarda’s growth and critically design its future, the laboratory is a first step for providing citizens and researchers the comprehension of Guarda’s growth through democratic access tools.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128713378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0005
Szymon Filipowski, Michał Nessel
Nowadays, smooth, curved surfaces are very common in architectural solutions, and proper design of repetitive patterns on such surfaces is a real challenge for architects and designers. This paper presents various algorithmic approaches to pattern design and distribution, based on examples of existing solutions and on the authors’ designed algorithms and didactic experiences. Algorithmic studies are based on Rhinoceros for NURBS (Non-Uniform B-Spline) modelling and on the Grasshopper plugin for graphic algorithm editing. This approach to the topic combines geometry, aesthetics, flexibility and IT techniques, that are very useful in case of pattern distribution. The examples present algorithms that help in clear definitions and the realization of the designer’s intentions to achieve accurate results. KEYWORDS: pattern, surface, mapping, tessellation.
{"title":"ALGORITHMIC APPROACH IN THE DESIGN OF REPETITIVE PATTERNS ON ARCHITECTURAL SURFACES","authors":"Szymon Filipowski, Michał Nessel","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0005","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, smooth, curved surfaces are very common in architectural solutions, and proper design of repetitive patterns on such surfaces is a real challenge for architects and designers. This paper presents various algorithmic approaches to pattern design and distribution, based on examples of existing solutions and on the authors’ designed algorithms and didactic experiences. Algorithmic studies are based on Rhinoceros for NURBS (Non-Uniform B-Spline) modelling and on the Grasshopper plugin for graphic algorithm editing. This approach to the topic combines geometry, aesthetics, flexibility and IT techniques, that are very useful in case of pattern distribution. The examples present algorithms that help in clear definitions and the realization of the designer’s intentions to achieve accurate results. KEYWORDS: pattern, surface, mapping, tessellation.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132968213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0004
Michał Nessel, Szymon Filipowski
In this paper, the authors test genetic algorithms as geometric and design issues’ solvers to explain and explore the possibilities of this computing technique in design and research. The tests and explanations are based on three classical geometry problems of the Ancient Greece and on a pattern distribution algorithm, created by the authors and inspired by the definition of Lebesgue covering dimension. The basic tools for research are: Rhinoceros, the Grasshopper plug-in and the Galapagos tool. The tests prove that, as a result based on computing techniques, genetic algorithms can be used to find solutions without the implementation of analytic methods. This advantage of evolutionary computing can be very useful in case of complex issues, where implementation of analytic methods reveals itself difficult or even impossible.
{"title":"EXAMPLES OF GENETIC ALGORITHMS USAGE IN GEOMETRY AND ALGORITHMIC DESIGN","authors":"Michał Nessel, Szymon Filipowski","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0004","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors test genetic algorithms as geometric and design issues’ solvers to explain and explore the possibilities of this computing technique in design and research. The tests and explanations are based on three classical geometry problems of the Ancient Greece and on a pattern distribution algorithm, created by the authors and inspired by the definition of Lebesgue covering dimension. The basic tools for research are: Rhinoceros, the Grasshopper plug-in and the Galapagos tool. The tests prove that, as a result based on computing techniques, genetic algorithms can be used to find solutions without the implementation of analytic methods. This advantage of evolutionary computing can be very useful in case of complex issues, where implementation of analytic methods reveals itself difficult or even impossible.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131049714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0002
Anita Pawlak-Jakubowska
Movable engineering structures are an important topic of modern scientific issues connected with civil engineering. Working on solutions to these issues requires an interdisciplinary action in fields such as geometry, construction, machine theory and mechanics or automatics. The author work considers class II mechanisms in existing solutions that occur in moving engineering, such as retractable roofs and bridges. Movement realization has a major influence on the behaviour of the structure during displacement. The analysis of the movability of existing engineering objects supported by parametric modelling facilitates the study of movement and allows for new concepts of solutions. KEYWORDS: retractable roof, movable bridge, class II mechanisms, quadrangles.
{"title":"PARAMETRIC MODELLING OF CLASS II MECHANISMS APPLIED IN MOVABLE STRUCTURES","authors":"Anita Pawlak-Jakubowska","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0002","url":null,"abstract":"Movable engineering structures are an important topic of modern scientific issues connected with civil engineering. Working on solutions to these issues requires an interdisciplinary action in fields such as geometry, construction, machine theory and mechanics or automatics. The author work considers class II mechanisms in existing solutions that occur in moving engineering, such as retractable roofs and bridges. Movement realization has a major influence on the behaviour of the structure during displacement. The analysis of the movability of existing engineering objects supported by parametric modelling facilitates the study of movement and allows for new concepts of solutions. KEYWORDS: retractable roof, movable bridge, class II mechanisms, quadrangles.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130798862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0001
G. Weiss
This paper is an addendum to a previous article [01] in which several examples demonstrate that “all natural or artificial objects have a shape or form resulting from a natural (bio-physical) or technical (design) process, and therefore have an intrinsic (immanent) geometric constituent”, focusing on the fact that “reality reveals geometry and geometry creates reality”. Since many objects are metaphors for geometric and mathematical content and the starting point for mathematical abstraction, one can conclude that geometry is simply everywhere. This sort of “Appendix” focuses on the symbiotic terms “grasping via senses” and “meaning” in connection with geometry and its visualisation and interpretation, from objects found in our usual environment. A real object that we see or recognize may even gain spiritual meaning, because it is extraordinary and rare and has, therefore, besides its somehow practical purpose, a symbolic one. Here, simplicity, symmetry, smoothness and regularity play an essential role beyond simple aesthetics. In our mainly secular culture, the aesthetic point of view stands in the foreground. KEYWORDS: elementary geometry, intuitive geometry, right angle, cross and square, proofs without words.
{"title":"GEOMETRY. WHAT ELSE !? - MORE OF “ENVIRONMENTAL GEOMETRY”","authors":"G. Weiss","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an addendum to a previous article [01] in which several examples demonstrate that “all natural or artificial objects have a shape or form resulting from a natural (bio-physical) or technical (design) process, and therefore have an intrinsic (immanent) geometric constituent”, focusing on the fact that “reality reveals geometry and geometry creates reality”. Since many objects are metaphors for geometric and mathematical content and the starting point for mathematical abstraction, one can conclude that geometry is simply everywhere. This sort of “Appendix” focuses on the symbiotic terms “grasping via senses” and “meaning” in connection with geometry and its visualisation and interpretation, from objects found in our usual environment. A real object that we see or recognize may even gain spiritual meaning, because it is extraordinary and rare and has, therefore, besides its somehow practical purpose, a symbolic one. Here, simplicity, symmetry, smoothness and regularity play an essential role beyond simple aesthetics. In our mainly secular culture, the aesthetic point of view stands in the foreground. KEYWORDS: elementary geometry, intuitive geometry, right angle, cross and square, proofs without words.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114788536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0011
Samanta Aline Teixeira, Thaís Regina Ueno Yamada
Este estudo analisa o design de seis Origami Tessellations, levando em conta seus níveis de compactação, complexidade estrutural e de reprodução por meio de seus crease patterns ou padrão de dobras. Foram construídos seis padrões geométricos em Origami com o propósito de compreender as principais características projetuais de cada crease pattern, os diferentes níveis de economia de espaço por meio da compactação estrutural, suas limitações e possibilidades projetuais. A contribuição para a diversidade de pesquisas do Design Adaptado do Origami, bem como os pontos positivos e negativos de cada padrão de dobras são discutidos.
{"title":"ESTUDO DO DESIGN DE ORIGAMI TESSELLATIONS","authors":"Samanta Aline Teixeira, Thaís Regina Ueno Yamada","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0011","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudo analisa o design de seis Origami Tessellations, levando em conta seus níveis de compactação, complexidade estrutural e de reprodução por meio de seus crease patterns ou padrão de dobras. Foram construídos seis padrões geométricos em Origami com o propósito de compreender as principais características projetuais de cada crease pattern, os diferentes níveis de economia de espaço por meio da compactação estrutural, suas limitações e possibilidades projetuais. A contribuição para a diversidade de pesquisas do Design Adaptado do Origami, bem como os pontos positivos e negativos de cada padrão de dobras são discutidos.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127692144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0006
Daniela Velichová
Two families of lace curves generated as partial Minkowski sum or product of pairs of curves in Euclidean 3D-space are presented in this paper. Some of their basic geometric properties are derived from the properties of Minkowski operation basic components. Illustrations of various interesting shapes resulting from the combinations of simple curve segments are included.
{"title":"LACE CURVES","authors":"Daniela Velichová","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0006","url":null,"abstract":"Two families of lace curves generated as partial Minkowski sum or product of pairs of curves in Euclidean 3D-space are presented in this paper. Some of their basic geometric properties are derived from the properties of Minkowski operation basic components. Illustrations of various interesting shapes resulting from the combinations of simple curve segments are included.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122631861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0018
V. Spinadel
Throughout the evolution of human culture, starting from the early Prehistory, following with the sacred art of Egypt, India, China, Islam and other traditional civilizations, the designers had tried to produce harmonic forms that simultaneously were particularly beautiful. This objective dominated Greek and Roman art and Architecture, persisting in the movements of the Gothic Middle Ages and later on, in the Renaissance.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE PROPORTION THEORY TO FORM DESIGN1","authors":"V. Spinadel","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0018","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the evolution of human culture, starting from the early Prehistory, following with the sacred art of Egypt, India, China, Islam and other traditional civilizations, the designers had tried to produce harmonic forms that simultaneously were particularly beautiful.\u0000This objective dominated Greek and Roman art and Architecture, persisting in the movements of the Gothic Middle Ages and later on, in the Renaissance.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134060647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0007
B. Polimeni
In the last few years, digital modelling techniques have played a major role in architecture and design, influencing, at the same time, the creative process and the fabrication of objects. This revolution has produced a new productive generation of architects and designers focused on the expanding possibilities of material and formal production, reinforcing the idea of architecture as an interaction between art and artisanship. This original perspective inspires this paper, which illustrates the contemporary scenario and provides some practical guidance about tools and technologies the designers most often use for creating geometric sculptures with 3D printing. Creative possibilities of topological mesh modelling are used to generate complex geometries from regular polyhedra. This process explores how combining different geometric operations can activate architectural inquiry and generate fascinating shapes with creative flexibility.
{"title":"PRODUCING DESIGN OBJECTS FROM REGULAR POLYHEDRA: A PRACTICAL APPROACH","authors":"B. Polimeni","doi":"10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-4933_2018-0034_0007","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, digital modelling techniques have played a major role in architecture and design, influencing, at the same time, the creative process and the fabrication of objects. This revolution has produced a new productive generation of architects and designers focused on the expanding possibilities of material and formal production, reinforcing the idea of architecture as an interaction between art and artisanship. This original perspective inspires this paper, which illustrates the contemporary scenario and provides some practical guidance about tools and technologies the designers most often use for creating geometric sculptures with 3D printing. Creative possibilities of topological mesh modelling are used to generate complex geometries from regular polyhedra. This process explores how combining different geometric operations can activate architectural inquiry and generate fascinating shapes with creative flexibility.","PeriodicalId":358710,"journal":{"name":"Boletim da Aproged","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132544032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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