Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/IJES.2005.23.1.101
D. Green, A. Tindle, S. Moreton
Abstract:The zeolite group minerals brewsterite-Ba and harmotome occur as minor latestage primary phases in the low-temperature Pb-Zn veins at Glendalough and Glendasan, Co. Wicklow. Brewsterite-Ba was identified on a single specimen from the Old Luganure Mine. Harmotome occurs at the Glendalough Mine, the Foxrock Mine and the Old Luganure Mine. Quantitative analyses of crystals of brewsterite-Ba reveal the most barium-rich composition yet reported: ($Ba_{1.88},Sr_{0.02},K_{0.01},Na_{0.01}$) [$Al_{4.03}Si_{12.02}O_{32}$]-$nH_{2}O$. This is close to the hypothetical barium end member. The harmotome is also barium-rich. It contains lesser amounts of sodium and potassium, but no calcium. This is the first record of brewsterite-Ba from Ireland.
{"title":"Brewsterite-Ba and Harmotome from the Wicklow Lead Mines, Co. Wicklow, Ireland","authors":"D. Green, A. Tindle, S. Moreton","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2005.23.1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2005.23.1.101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The zeolite group minerals brewsterite-Ba and harmotome occur as minor latestage primary phases in the low-temperature Pb-Zn veins at Glendalough and Glendasan, Co. Wicklow. Brewsterite-Ba was identified on a single specimen from the Old Luganure Mine. Harmotome occurs at the Glendalough Mine, the Foxrock Mine and the Old Luganure Mine. Quantitative analyses of crystals of brewsterite-Ba reveal the most barium-rich composition yet reported: ($Ba_{1.88},Sr_{0.02},K_{0.01},Na_{0.01}$) [$Al_{4.03}Si_{12.02}O_{32}$]-$nH_{2}O$. This is close to the hypothetical barium end member. The harmotome is also barium-rich. It contains lesser amounts of sodium and potassium, but no calcium. This is the first record of brewsterite-Ba from Ireland.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"101 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47576399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/ijes.2004.22.1.55
I. Sanders
{"title":"Abstracts of the 47th Irish Geological Research Meeting, Galway, February 2004","authors":"I. Sanders","doi":"10.3318/ijes.2004.22.1.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/ijes.2004.22.1.55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"55 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Enigmatic Bar-like phosphatic microfossils have been isolated from early Mississippian acid insoluble residues of fully marine facies in Ireland where they are usually associated with other phosphatic elements such as conodonts and fish microfossils. Seven Bar-like element morphotypes are described together with a discussion on the possible affinities of these elements. Where coexisting in one sample, a number of the morphotypes resemble the morphology of disarticulated laminae of conulariid exoskeleton. Others differ and appear as discrete elements; it is possible that they represent different morphological parts of a single organism. Comparison of these elements is also made to morphologically similar elements occurring back as far as the Ordovician. However, without articulated material their identification remains in open nomenclature.
{"title":"ENIGMATIC (BAR-LIKE) MICROSCOPIC PHOSPHATIC ELEMENTS FROM THE LOWER MISSISSIPPIAN OF IRELAND","authors":"Mags Duncan","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2010.28.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2010.28.61","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Enigmatic Bar-like phosphatic microfossils have been isolated from early Mississippian acid insoluble residues of fully marine facies in Ireland where they are usually associated with other phosphatic elements such as conodonts and fish microfossils. Seven Bar-like element morphotypes are described together with a discussion on the possible affinities of these elements. Where coexisting in one sample, a number of the morphotypes resemble the morphology of disarticulated laminae of conulariid exoskeleton. Others differ and appear as discrete elements; it is possible that they represent different morphological parts of a single organism. Comparison of these elements is also made to morphologically similar elements occurring back as far as the Ordovician. However, without articulated material their identification remains in open nomenclature.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"61 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48711093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The extent of seawater intrusion in a coastal karstic aquifer system along the southern shore of Galway Bay, western Ireland, was investigated using spatial and temporal variations in major ion chemistry and nutrient levels. The background water was Ca- and bicarbonate-rich with variable concentrations of Mg. In general, higher Mg concentrations were detected in the Gort lowlands region compared with sites in the Burren, likely due to contact with dolomite layers. Nitrate concentrations ranged from 1.3mg/L to 78.5mg/L as NO3, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations ranged from 0.6mg/L to 4.9mg/L, suggesting that anthropogenic contamination due to surface activities occurs at some locations in the study area. Based on salinity values, on Na and Cl concentrations and on Cl/Br mass ratios, five of the 24 operational wells sampled were in a saltwater-influenced zone. Three of these wells contained <0.5% seawater, and the extent of saltwater influence was dependent on seasonal conditions. Water levels were monitored in six unused wells, and at four of these locations groundwater levels responded to the tidal variations in Galway Bay. During the study period, seawater intrusion and/or tidal influence on groundwater levels was found to occur within 5km of the coastline. The inland extent of seawater intrusion on the karst system is dependent on the hydrologic conditions at the time of measurement. The results provide a baseline dataset from which the influence of climatic and environmental changes on the aquifer system can be assessed in the future.
{"title":"MAJOR ION CHEMISTRY IN A COASTAL KARSTIC GROUNDWATER RESOURCE LOCATED IN WESTERN IRELAND","authors":"B. Petrunic, F. Einsiedl, G. Duffy","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2012.30.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2012.30.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The extent of seawater intrusion in a coastal karstic aquifer system along the southern shore of Galway Bay, western Ireland, was investigated using spatial and temporal variations in major ion chemistry and nutrient levels. The background water was Ca- and bicarbonate-rich with variable concentrations of Mg. In general, higher Mg concentrations were detected in the Gort lowlands region compared with sites in the Burren, likely due to contact with dolomite layers. Nitrate concentrations ranged from 1.3mg/L to 78.5mg/L as NO3, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations ranged from 0.6mg/L to 4.9mg/L, suggesting that anthropogenic contamination due to surface activities occurs at some locations in the study area. Based on salinity values, on Na and Cl concentrations and on Cl/Br mass ratios, five of the 24 operational wells sampled were in a saltwater-influenced zone. Three of these wells contained <0.5% seawater, and the extent of saltwater influence was dependent on seasonal conditions. Water levels were monitored in six unused wells, and at four of these locations groundwater levels responded to the tidal variations in Galway Bay. During the study period, seawater intrusion and/or tidal influence on groundwater levels was found to occur within 5km of the coastline. The inland extent of seawater intrusion on the karst system is dependent on the hydrologic conditions at the time of measurement. The results provide a baseline dataset from which the influence of climatic and environmental changes on the aquifer system can be assessed in the future.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"13 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49657323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Following a geological research programme in 1998-2000, the Mississippian succession in the Clogher Valley has been revised and important new detail has been revealed. Immediately overlying the terrestrial Ballyness Formation, the interval originally ascribed to the Clogher Valley Formation has been subdivided into three new formations: the Clogher Valley Formation sensu stricto, the Fardross Sandstone Formation and the Moysnaght Limestone Formation. This sequence is overlain by the Ballyshannon Limestone Formation. The lithostratigraphy of these units is described and previous biostratigraphic work is reviewed and supplemented with new data. These indicate that the top of the clastic redbed Ballyness Formation is close to the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, whilst the following marine succession ranges in age from the late Courceyan through to the Chadian. The thickness, nature and distribution of evaporite horizons in the succession is described. The provenance of various sandstones within the sequence has been assessed and lateral facies changes and thickness variations in the succession are attributed to syn-depositional tectonic activity.
{"title":"A revised Mississippian (Courceyan – Chadian) geology of the Clogher Valley, counties Fermanagh and Tyrone (Northern Ireland)","authors":"J. Kelly, G. Jones","doi":"10.3318/ijes.2019.38.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/ijes.2019.38.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Following a geological research programme in 1998-2000, the Mississippian succession in the Clogher Valley has been revised and important new detail has been revealed. Immediately overlying the terrestrial Ballyness Formation, the interval originally ascribed to the Clogher Valley Formation has been subdivided into three new formations: the Clogher Valley Formation sensu stricto, the Fardross Sandstone Formation and the Moysnaght Limestone Formation. This sequence is overlain by the Ballyshannon Limestone Formation. The lithostratigraphy of these units is described and previous biostratigraphic work is reviewed and supplemented with new data. These indicate that the top of the clastic redbed Ballyness Formation is close to the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, whilst the following marine succession ranges in age from the late Courceyan through to the Chadian. The thickness, nature and distribution of evaporite horizons in the succession is described. The provenance of various sandstones within the sequence has been assessed and lateral facies changes and thickness variations in the succession are attributed to syn-depositional tectonic activity.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"41 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Murray, P. Domínguez-Alonso, Y. Fernández-Jalvo, T. King, E. Lynch, P. Andrews, L. Yepiskoposyan, N. Moloney, I. Cáceres, E. Allué, L. Asryan, P. Ditchfield, D. M. Williams
Abstract:Azokh Cave is located in the southern Caucasus and contains a Pleistocene and Holocene sediment infill. The site is significant due to its geographic location at an important migratory route-way between the African subcontinent and Eurasia, and the recovery of Middle Pleistocene hominid remains in the sedimentary sequence during a previous phase of excavation. The stratigraphy of the largest of the cave's entrance passages, Azokh 1, is described in full in this paper for the first time. It is broadly divisible into nine units. Our investigations have shown that the stratigraphy splits between two spatially isolated sequences. The upper of these two sequences has proven to be fossiliferous and has yielded many types of mammal (macro and micro) fossils as well as evidence for human occupation. The base of this fossiliferous (upper) sequence is dated at around 300ka whilst the uppermost level appears to be largely confined to the Holocene (≈150 years BP).
{"title":"PLEISTOCENE TO HOLOCENE STRATIGRAPHY OF AZOKH 1 CAVE, LESSER CAUCASUS","authors":"J. Murray, P. Domínguez-Alonso, Y. Fernández-Jalvo, T. King, E. Lynch, P. Andrews, L. Yepiskoposyan, N. Moloney, I. Cáceres, E. Allué, L. Asryan, P. Ditchfield, D. M. Williams","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2010.28.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2010.28.75","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Azokh Cave is located in the southern Caucasus and contains a Pleistocene and Holocene sediment infill. The site is significant due to its geographic location at an important migratory route-way between the African subcontinent and Eurasia, and the recovery of Middle Pleistocene hominid remains in the sedimentary sequence during a previous phase of excavation. The stratigraphy of the largest of the cave's entrance passages, Azokh 1, is described in full in this paper for the first time. It is broadly divisible into nine units. Our investigations have shown that the stratigraphy splits between two spatially isolated sequences. The upper of these two sequences has proven to be fossiliferous and has yielded many types of mammal (macro and micro) fossils as well as evidence for human occupation. The base of this fossiliferous (upper) sequence is dated at around 300ka whilst the uppermost level appears to be largely confined to the Holocene (≈150 years BP).","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"75 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47769754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In 1960 P.T. Walsh discovered a small outlier of Upper Cretaceous chalk at Ballydeenlea to the north of Killarney, Co. Kerry. The background to the discovery is explained, and evidence is presented suggesting that M.F. O'Meara of the Geological Survey of Ireland may have visited the site in July 1942, eighteen years before Walsh drew the attention of the geological world to Ballydeenlea.
{"title":"THE CHALK OUTLIER AT BALLYDEENLEA, CO. KERRY; A STORY OF DISCOVERY","authors":"G. L. Davies","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2011.29.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2011.29.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1960 P.T. Walsh discovered a small outlier of Upper Cretaceous chalk at Ballydeenlea to the north of Killarney, Co. Kerry. The background to the discovery is explained, and evidence is presented suggesting that M.F. O'Meara of the Geological Survey of Ireland may have visited the site in July 1942, eighteen years before Walsh drew the attention of the geological world to Ballydeenlea.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"27 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43124213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:There is substantial evidence to suggest that Ireland during the Tertiary Period was subject to a period of intense chemical weathering. Two exposures illustrating this environment in western Ireland are described, adding to the known examples of this type of weathering elsewhere in Ireland. The surface features of quartz sand grains may be used to distinguish the environments through which they have passed during transport and deposition. Quartz-grain surface features photographed by a scanning electron microscope are described from a sediment facies, ∼10,000 years old, retrieved from cores taken from beneath the floor of Galway Bay. Many of these show the action of glacial activity by characteristic fracture patterns, as might be expected in Holocene sediment in an Irish context. Some of the grains, however, show features that suggest a prior aeolian component to their transport history. These grains are compared with quartz grains previously described and with the product of Tertiary Period weathering recovered from a sand pit at Pollnahallia, Co. Galway. Similarities suggest that some of the sand grains found at depths of ∼2—5m beneath the substrate surface of Galway Bay may have originated from chemical weathering and aeolian transport during the late Tertiary Period and then been reworked in glacial and subsequent deltaic environments.
{"title":"A SEDIMENT SINK FOR POSSIBLE TERTIARY AEOLIAN SEDIMENT IN GALWAY BAY, WESTERN IRELAND","authors":"D. Williams, M. Barham","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2012.30.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2012.30.41","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:There is substantial evidence to suggest that Ireland during the Tertiary Period was subject to a period of intense chemical weathering. Two exposures illustrating this environment in western Ireland are described, adding to the known examples of this type of weathering elsewhere in Ireland. The surface features of quartz sand grains may be used to distinguish the environments through which they have passed during transport and deposition. Quartz-grain surface features photographed by a scanning electron microscope are described from a sediment facies, ∼10,000 years old, retrieved from cores taken from beneath the floor of Galway Bay. Many of these show the action of glacial activity by characteristic fracture patterns, as might be expected in Holocene sediment in an Irish context. Some of the grains, however, show features that suggest a prior aeolian component to their transport history. These grains are compared with quartz grains previously described and with the product of Tertiary Period weathering recovered from a sand pit at Pollnahallia, Co. Galway. Similarities suggest that some of the sand grains found at depths of ∼2—5m beneath the substrate surface of Galway Bay may have originated from chemical weathering and aeolian transport during the late Tertiary Period and then been reworked in glacial and subsequent deltaic environments.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"41 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47526729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:AbstractThe island of Gola, offshore north-west County Donegal, Ireland, shows a range of geomorphic and sedimentary features of Pleistocene and Holocene age, but hitherto these features have not been described. This study reports on the main glacigenic (Pleistoceneage) and coastal (Holocene) geomorphic features, their associated sediments and their environmental interpretations in the context of regional Pleistocene and Holocene climate change. The contemporary geomorphology of Gola is strongly controlled by its underlying geology and Pleistocene glacial history (which includes its paraglacial inheritance), and its exposed Atlantic-facing location.
{"title":"The Geomorphology of Gola, North-West Ireland","authors":"J. Knight, H. Burningham","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2015.33.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2015.33.55","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:AbstractThe island of Gola, offshore north-west County Donegal, Ireland, shows a range of geomorphic and sedimentary features of Pleistocene and Holocene age, but hitherto these features have not been described. This study reports on the main glacigenic (Pleistoceneage) and coastal (Holocene) geomorphic features, their associated sediments and their environmental interpretations in the context of regional Pleistocene and Holocene climate change. The contemporary geomorphology of Gola is strongly controlled by its underlying geology and Pleistocene glacial history (which includes its paraglacial inheritance), and its exposed Atlantic-facing location.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"55 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3318/IJES.2015.33.55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45651969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/IJES.2007.25.1.27
J. Sigwart
Abstract:Three species of fossil polyplacophoran molluscs are known from Ireland. Two species were originally described in the nineteenth century: Helminthochiton griffithi Salter in M'Coy, 1846 and Pterochiton thomondiensis (Baily, 1859), and an articulated specimen representing a third indeterminate species, described here for the first time. Previous work on the evolutionary context of these species has relied on published illustrations and descriptions without examination of the type material. As chitons are considered rare in the fossil record, these specimens represent an interesting and important aspect of Irish palaeobiology.
{"title":"The Irish Fossil Polyplacophora","authors":"J. Sigwart","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2007.25.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2007.25.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Three species of fossil polyplacophoran molluscs are known from Ireland. Two species were originally described in the nineteenth century: Helminthochiton griffithi Salter in M'Coy, 1846 and Pterochiton thomondiensis (Baily, 1859), and an articulated specimen representing a third indeterminate species, described here for the first time. Previous work on the evolutionary context of these species has relied on published illustrations and descriptions without examination of the type material. As chitons are considered rare in the fossil record, these specimens represent an interesting and important aspect of Irish palaeobiology.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"27 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43904199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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