Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2021.2057658
David R. Norman
ABSTRACT Chaffinches Fringilla coelebs are unlucky in being probably the species most susceptible to diseased legs, either from knemidocoptic mange, Fringilla papilloma virus, or both. In the fourteen winter periods (October to March) 2005/06 to 2018/19 during normal ringing operations I caught 2282 Chaffinches in Cheshire and 86 of those birds were recorded with disease visible on one or both legs. The incidence of diseased legs was significantly higher at feeding stations, where 29 birds were affected out of 186 caught (15.6%), than at sites in farmland (13 of 754, 1.7%), at woodland roosts (34 of 1109, 3.1%) or in my garden (10 of 165, 6.1%). Most of the affected birds were released unringed, without processing, but the age was recorded for 60 of them (56 adults and four first-years); the very high proportion of adults has not been reported before and suggests that visibly affected legs could take a long time to develop, and that birds can live with the symptoms of disease for a considerable time.
{"title":"Habitat-dependent variations in the incidence of Chaffinches Fringilla coelebs with diseased legs","authors":"David R. Norman","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2021.2057658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2021.2057658","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chaffinches Fringilla coelebs are unlucky in being probably the species most susceptible to diseased legs, either from knemidocoptic mange, Fringilla papilloma virus, or both. In the fourteen winter periods (October to March) 2005/06 to 2018/19 during normal ringing operations I caught 2282 Chaffinches in Cheshire and 86 of those birds were recorded with disease visible on one or both legs. The incidence of diseased legs was significantly higher at feeding stations, where 29 birds were affected out of 186 caught (15.6%), than at sites in farmland (13 of 754, 1.7%), at woodland roosts (34 of 1109, 3.1%) or in my garden (10 of 165, 6.1%). Most of the affected birds were released unringed, without processing, but the age was recorded for 60 of them (56 adults and four first-years); the very high proportion of adults has not been reported before and suggests that visibly affected legs could take a long time to develop, and that birds can live with the symptoms of disease for a considerable time.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"36 1","pages":"18 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44606318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2022.2050937
Anthony Caravaggi, Sam Bayley, R. Facey, Iván de la Hera, M. Shewring, Jez A. Smith
ABSTRACT Tarsus length, minimum or maximum, is a commonly recorded metric used in a variety of ornithological studies. The nature of the relationships between minimum and maximum tarsus lengths and the accuracy with which one can be derived from the other is unknown. We explored the strength of the relationships between tarsus measurements across six species of passerines, deriving species-specific intercept equations and a minimum sample size (n = 49) required to support the accurate transformation of data for other species. The effective bidirectional transformation of measurements indicates that our method has broad applicability and utility and can be used to facilitate comparative studies, syntheses and collaborations.
{"title":"The long and short of it: converting between maximum and minimum tarsus measurements in passerine birds","authors":"Anthony Caravaggi, Sam Bayley, R. Facey, Iván de la Hera, M. Shewring, Jez A. Smith","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2022.2050937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2022.2050937","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tarsus length, minimum or maximum, is a commonly recorded metric used in a variety of ornithological studies. The nature of the relationships between minimum and maximum tarsus lengths and the accuracy with which one can be derived from the other is unknown. We explored the strength of the relationships between tarsus measurements across six species of passerines, deriving species-specific intercept equations and a minimum sample size (n = 49) required to support the accurate transformation of data for other species. The effective bidirectional transformation of measurements indicates that our method has broad applicability and utility and can be used to facilitate comparative studies, syntheses and collaborations.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"36 1","pages":"9 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42727868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2022.2041706
A. Herrero, Sophie Damian-Picollet, Didier Domec, A. Valiente, A. Aldalur, Amaia Alzaga, A. Galarza, J. Arizaga
ABSTRACT The Bay of Biscay is an important non-breeding area for some Palaearctic gull species and populations. The aim of this work is to describe the spatial and temporal distributions of non-breeding gulls in the Bay of Biscay, and to identify their major areas of origin. With that goal, we analysed 6773 live sightings of colour-ringed gulls within the southeastern part of the Bay of Biscay during the 20 years 2000–19, relating to 2552 individuals of 10 species. Their distribution along the coast was not homogeneous, with numbers peaking in most cases from November to February, though some species were observed to peak around midsummer. Their origins comprised a wide geographical area encompassing western and eastern Europe; overall, the species can be divided into four groups by origin: northwestern France with Britain and Ireland, central western Europe (with a centroid in the Benelux region), eastern Europe, and the western Mediterranean.
{"title":"The origins and temporal and spatial distribution patterns of non-local gulls in the Bay of Biscay","authors":"A. Herrero, Sophie Damian-Picollet, Didier Domec, A. Valiente, A. Aldalur, Amaia Alzaga, A. Galarza, J. Arizaga","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2022.2041706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2022.2041706","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bay of Biscay is an important non-breeding area for some Palaearctic gull species and populations. The aim of this work is to describe the spatial and temporal distributions of non-breeding gulls in the Bay of Biscay, and to identify their major areas of origin. With that goal, we analysed 6773 live sightings of colour-ringed gulls within the southeastern part of the Bay of Biscay during the 20 years 2000–19, relating to 2552 individuals of 10 species. Their distribution along the coast was not homogeneous, with numbers peaking in most cases from November to February, though some species were observed to peak around midsummer. Their origins comprised a wide geographical area encompassing western and eastern Europe; overall, the species can be divided into four groups by origin: northwestern France with Britain and Ireland, central western Europe (with a centroid in the Benelux region), eastern Europe, and the western Mediterranean.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"36 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42698058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2021.2065083
Ann K. Beeby
ABSTRACT Common Chiffchaffs Phylloscopus collybita caught at Wicken Fen during the breeding season showed a strongly bimodal distribution of wing length, with females being typically shorter-winged than males. Studying wing length in a local population helped to control the effects of variables other than sex, and provided the opportunity to compare behavioural and other breeding-related sexing criteria with the sex indicated by the wing length. All records of brood patch and female-related behaviour were for short-winged birds, and all records of cloacal protuberance and male-related behaviour for long-winged birds. An overlap of wing length between the sexes existed at 58 mm.
{"title":"The use of wing length for sexing Common Chiffchaffs Phylloscopus collybita in a local breeding population","authors":"Ann K. Beeby","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2021.2065083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2021.2065083","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Common Chiffchaffs Phylloscopus collybita caught at Wicken Fen during the breeding season showed a strongly bimodal distribution of wing length, with females being typically shorter-winged than males. Studying wing length in a local population helped to control the effects of variables other than sex, and provided the opportunity to compare behavioural and other breeding-related sexing criteria with the sex indicated by the wing length. All records of brood patch and female-related behaviour were for short-winged birds, and all records of cloacal protuberance and male-related behaviour for long-winged birds. An overlap of wing length between the sexes existed at 58 mm.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"36 1","pages":"23 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59906238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2021.2009545
Chris Wright
ABSTRACT A colour-ringing project was used to study pair-bond formation by Eurasian Bullfinches Pyrrhula pyrrhula visiting a garden in northern England. During the period July 2011 to April 2017, 427 Bullfinches were colour ringed, and 235 (55%) resighted at a seed feeder. Thirty-six pairs were identified with both partners carrying a colour ring. There was evidence that some couples might initiate pair-bond formation from as early as November, but most new bonds were first identified from January onwards. The earliest bonds were formed between birds over one year old, and older females appeared to preferentially select older males. Nearly all partnerships continued until the disappearance of one or both birds, consistent with death or dispersal, and for 12 pairs where one bird disappeared the other was subsequently observed to form a new partnership. For two longer-surviving pairs the bond was maintained over two successive breeding seasons (23 and 27 months) and, for another, from winter to winter (13 months). The findings support the previous supposition that the typical breeding strategy for this species is one of bond fidelity until the death of one or both partners, and the subsequent formation of a new bond by the surviving partner. However, there was evidence that three couples had separated and survived to form new partnerships, with the female separating in one case from a bigamous male. The study provides novel information about the pair-bond system of this species.
{"title":"Pair bonding in Eurasian Bullfinches Pyrrhula pyrrhula: observations from a colour-ringing study","authors":"Chris Wright","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2021.2009545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2021.2009545","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A colour-ringing project was used to study pair-bond formation by Eurasian Bullfinches Pyrrhula pyrrhula visiting a garden in northern England. During the period July 2011 to April 2017, 427 Bullfinches were colour ringed, and 235 (55%) resighted at a seed feeder. Thirty-six pairs were identified with both partners carrying a colour ring. There was evidence that some couples might initiate pair-bond formation from as early as November, but most new bonds were first identified from January onwards. The earliest bonds were formed between birds over one year old, and older females appeared to preferentially select older males. Nearly all partnerships continued until the disappearance of one or both birds, consistent with death or dispersal, and for 12 pairs where one bird disappeared the other was subsequently observed to form a new partnership. For two longer-surviving pairs the bond was maintained over two successive breeding seasons (23 and 27 months) and, for another, from winter to winter (13 months). The findings support the previous supposition that the typical breeding strategy for this species is one of bond fidelity until the death of one or both partners, and the subsequent formation of a new bond by the surviving partner. However, there was evidence that three couples had separated and survived to form new partnerships, with the female separating in one case from a bigamous male. The study provides novel information about the pair-bond system of this species.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"103 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47841124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2021.2009546
Charalambos T. Thoma, Konstantina N. Makridou, D. Bakaloudis, C. Vlachos
ABSTRACT Migration plays a significant part in shaping wing morphology in avian taxa. Differences in wing shape and size have been found to vary with regard to age and sex, as well as between different populations. Here, we examine age-related variation in the wing morphology of the European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur migrating through the eastern flyway. Wing morphology was examined by means of a size-constrained components analysis (SCCA) of standardised primary-feather lengths of 112 individuals killed by hunters. Our results showed that juvenile individuals had shorter and more pointed wings than adults, which is consistent with the pattern observed in individuals migrating through the western flyway. We conclude that in juveniles, the selection force of migration is perhaps stronger than selection of an anti-predator adaptation. Moreover, age-related variation in Turtle Dove wing morphology may influence juvenile survival, as well as migration timing, and both effects should be considered in future studies.
{"title":"Age-specific differences in wing pointedness and wing length of European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur migrating through the eastern flyway","authors":"Charalambos T. Thoma, Konstantina N. Makridou, D. Bakaloudis, C. Vlachos","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2021.2009546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2021.2009546","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Migration plays a significant part in shaping wing morphology in avian taxa. Differences in wing shape and size have been found to vary with regard to age and sex, as well as between different populations. Here, we examine age-related variation in the wing morphology of the European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur migrating through the eastern flyway. Wing morphology was examined by means of a size-constrained components analysis (SCCA) of standardised primary-feather lengths of 112 individuals killed by hunters. Our results showed that juvenile individuals had shorter and more pointed wings than adults, which is consistent with the pattern observed in individuals migrating through the western flyway. We conclude that in juveniles, the selection force of migration is perhaps stronger than selection of an anti-predator adaptation. Moreover, age-related variation in Turtle Dove wing morphology may influence juvenile survival, as well as migration timing, and both effects should be considered in future studies.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"94 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2020.2028397
R. H. Walker, R. Robinson, C. Barimore, J. Blackburn, L. Barber, Nicola R. Bugg, Hazel E. McCambridge, Diana X. de Palacio, M. Grantham, Bridget M. Griffin, K. Leighton, S. Schäfer, Ian D. Woodward, D. Leech
ABSTRACT This is the 83rd annual report of the British Trust for Ornithology’s Ringing Scheme, incorporating the report of the Nest Record Scheme and covering work carried out and data processed in 2019. In 2019, 130 CE sites submitted data. Long-term (1984–2018) declines in abundance were observed for five migrant, one partial migrant and four resident species while long-term increases in abundance continue to be recorded for two short-distance migrants and four resident species. Seven species are exhibiting significant long-term declines in productivity while only Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs is exhibiting a significant long-term increase. Long-term trends in survival indicate increases for 14 species and declines for six. Compared to the five-year mean (2014–18), the abundance of eight species decreased significantly in 2019, with five species being recorded in lower numbers than in any previous year since CES monitoring began. Significant increases in abundance were recorded for six species. Productivity increased significantly for two migrant and six resident species in 2019 and decreased for only one species; Productivity rates were higher in 2019 than in any previous year for Chaffinch. Significant declines in survival rate were observed in one species in 2019 compared to the five-year mean; no species exhibited a significant increase. The number of Retrapping Adults for Survival submissions increased slightly in 2019 to 195. In total, 59 species were monitored, with Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (22 projects), Starling Sturnus vulgaris (17), House Sparrow Passer domesticus (16), Sand Martin Riparia riparia (11) and Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus (10) the species most studied. A total of 1 050 520 birds were ringed during the year, comprising 181 766 nestlings, 518 575 first-year birds, 318 390 adults (birds in their second calendar year or older) and 31 789 birds whose age could not be determined. In addition, there were 243 775 recaptures of ringed birds at or near the ringing site. In total, 45 610 recoveries (birds found dead, recaptured or resighted at least 5 km from the place of ringing) of BTO-ringed birds were reported in 2019. The Appendix highlights a selection of recoveries that have extended our knowledge of movements, as well as longevity records established during the year. A total of 41 367 NRS submissions were received in 2019, higher than the previous season but otherwise the lowest annual total since 2013. Mean laying dates for 2019 were significantly earlier than the five-year mean (2014–18) for 12 of 52 species analysed and five species displayed a significant increase in breeding success (fledglings per breeding attempt). Permits or licences to disturb breeding birds on Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), were prepared and issued to 547 ringers and nest recorders in 2019. During 2019, the use of special methods was authorised for 613 marking projects and 158 trapping projects.
{"title":"Bird ringing and nest recording in Britain and Ireland in 2019","authors":"R. H. Walker, R. Robinson, C. Barimore, J. Blackburn, L. Barber, Nicola R. Bugg, Hazel E. McCambridge, Diana X. de Palacio, M. Grantham, Bridget M. Griffin, K. Leighton, S. Schäfer, Ian D. Woodward, D. Leech","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2020.2028397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2020.2028397","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is the 83rd annual report of the British Trust for Ornithology’s Ringing Scheme, incorporating the report of the Nest Record Scheme and covering work carried out and data processed in 2019. In 2019, 130 CE sites submitted data. Long-term (1984–2018) declines in abundance were observed for five migrant, one partial migrant and four resident species while long-term increases in abundance continue to be recorded for two short-distance migrants and four resident species. Seven species are exhibiting significant long-term declines in productivity while only Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs is exhibiting a significant long-term increase. Long-term trends in survival indicate increases for 14 species and declines for six. Compared to the five-year mean (2014–18), the abundance of eight species decreased significantly in 2019, with five species being recorded in lower numbers than in any previous year since CES monitoring began. Significant increases in abundance were recorded for six species. Productivity increased significantly for two migrant and six resident species in 2019 and decreased for only one species; Productivity rates were higher in 2019 than in any previous year for Chaffinch. Significant declines in survival rate were observed in one species in 2019 compared to the five-year mean; no species exhibited a significant increase. The number of Retrapping Adults for Survival submissions increased slightly in 2019 to 195. In total, 59 species were monitored, with Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (22 projects), Starling Sturnus vulgaris (17), House Sparrow Passer domesticus (16), Sand Martin Riparia riparia (11) and Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus (10) the species most studied. A total of 1 050 520 birds were ringed during the year, comprising 181 766 nestlings, 518 575 first-year birds, 318 390 adults (birds in their second calendar year or older) and 31 789 birds whose age could not be determined. In addition, there were 243 775 recaptures of ringed birds at or near the ringing site. In total, 45 610 recoveries (birds found dead, recaptured or resighted at least 5 km from the place of ringing) of BTO-ringed birds were reported in 2019. The Appendix highlights a selection of recoveries that have extended our knowledge of movements, as well as longevity records established during the year. A total of 41 367 NRS submissions were received in 2019, higher than the previous season but otherwise the lowest annual total since 2013. Mean laying dates for 2019 were significantly earlier than the five-year mean (2014–18) for 12 of 52 species analysed and five species displayed a significant increase in breeding success (fledglings per breeding attempt). Permits or licences to disturb breeding birds on Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), were prepared and issued to 547 ringers and nest recorders in 2019. During 2019, the use of special methods was authorised for 613 marking projects and 158 trapping projects.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"114 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49121152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2021.2009544
Lucy D. Rowley, M. Felgueiras, Guillaume Réthoré, Filipa Bragança, Rob J. Thomas, Eleanor Huckle, Renata Medeiros
ABSTRACT Understanding the ecology and conservation of bird species often requires accurate sex determination of individuals. Species with sexually dimorphic plumage can usually be sexed in the hand based on consistent and definitive differences in plumage between sexes, but there are often challenges related to (1) how sexual dimorphism develops with age, (2) individuals that show intermediate visible morphological traits, or (3) consistent but subtle trait differences that require considerable experience to use reliably. Species with sexually monomorphic plumage, which constitute over half of all avian species globally, pose a greater challenge and can often not be sexed in the hand. The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to identify definitively the sex of individuals of both monomorphic and dimorphic species caught at a ringing site in south-west Portugal, in order to evaluate the standard morphological sexing techniques for species showing sexual dimorphism in plumage, or in biometric measurements. Blood samples were collected from a range of species during ringing, and DNA was extracted. Molecular methods were successful in identifying the sex of 202 individuals across 13 species of birds (eight species with sexually dimorphic plumage, and five sexually monomorphic in plumage). Molecular methods were consistent with the morphological sexing in the field for six of the eight species with dimorphic plumage, but discrepancies between the two methods were identified for Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops. Finally, biometric measurements taken in the field were used to assess whether species with monomorphic plumage could have been correctly sexed based on the biometric differences between males and females reported in literature.
{"title":"Reliability of morphological criteria for sexing birds during ringing, assessed using molecular methods – a study of thirteen species of passerines and near passerines","authors":"Lucy D. Rowley, M. Felgueiras, Guillaume Réthoré, Filipa Bragança, Rob J. Thomas, Eleanor Huckle, Renata Medeiros","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2021.2009544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2021.2009544","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding the ecology and conservation of bird species often requires accurate sex determination of individuals. Species with sexually dimorphic plumage can usually be sexed in the hand based on consistent and definitive differences in plumage between sexes, but there are often challenges related to (1) how sexual dimorphism develops with age, (2) individuals that show intermediate visible morphological traits, or (3) consistent but subtle trait differences that require considerable experience to use reliably. Species with sexually monomorphic plumage, which constitute over half of all avian species globally, pose a greater challenge and can often not be sexed in the hand. The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to identify definitively the sex of individuals of both monomorphic and dimorphic species caught at a ringing site in south-west Portugal, in order to evaluate the standard morphological sexing techniques for species showing sexual dimorphism in plumage, or in biometric measurements. Blood samples were collected from a range of species during ringing, and DNA was extracted. Molecular methods were successful in identifying the sex of 202 individuals across 13 species of birds (eight species with sexually dimorphic plumage, and five sexually monomorphic in plumage). Molecular methods were consistent with the morphological sexing in the field for six of the eight species with dimorphic plumage, but discrepancies between the two methods were identified for Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops. Finally, biometric measurements taken in the field were used to assess whether species with monomorphic plumage could have been correctly sexed based on the biometric differences between males and females reported in literature.","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"83 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44515940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2020.2008142
S. Tyler, Gareth J. Thomas, A.V. (Tony) Cross
On 5 December 2019 Stephanie Tyler (SJT) and Rachel Shepherd (RES) were mist-netting on the Afon Honddu in the Llanthony Valley of the Black Mountains in Monmouthshire and caught four Dippers Cinclus cinclus gularis coming in to roost at a bridge at the Neuadd, Cwmyoy. One adult male had a puffy ring around the eyes and marked swellings above both eyes. On 29 November 2020, at the same bridge, SJT and RES retrapped an adult female with a slight swelling. SJT then looked through some photos of Dippers taken by Mick Jenner at one of her nest sites at Maesyberan on the Afon Honddu on 2 June 2017 and noticed that one of a side view of a Dipper which she had labelled ‘dipper with eye injury’, had a similarly enlarged orbital ring. SJT contacted Tony Cross (AVC), a keen Dipper ringer, to see if he had caught similarly affected birds. It transpired that AVC had first noticed eye problems in Dippers on 30 January 2005, when he had taken a photo of an affected bird. He put out the photo online, in a post on the old Ringers’ Forum, asking if any ringer had seen a similar problem, but had had no response. Since then, he has caught Dippers with swollen eye orbits on several occasions, including: on 7 April 2019 on the Rhydhir Brook, Rhayader; on 6 January 2020 on the River Clun, near Clun, and at Beambridge, Aston-on-Clun; on 9 January 2020 at Afon Peiran, Cwmystwyth; on 4 January 2021 on the River Onny, Plowden; and on 5 January 2021 on the Quinney Brook, Grove Park, Craven Arms, at Middleton near Ludlow and on the River Onny at Stokesay. The main feature of the waterways where Dippers with swollen eye orbits had been noted is that, in late 2019 and early 2020 and again during the winter of 2020/21, they had all been in continuous spate for up to three months with no respite, and the water turbidity was exceptional, with a suspension of bright reddish-brown sediment from the land. The increased water depth and turbidity were not usual for these waterways, in the experience of the authors who have observed them for over 40 years, although seems to be becoming more common as spate conditions become more frequent. Williams (1997) noted that many disease processes can affect the avian eye and periorbita; periorbital swelling can be an indication of a primary ocular disorder or may occur secondarily to sinusitis. Sinusitis is fairly common in birds that are human companion animals, such as parrots and cockatoos, leading to periorbital swellings (Stiles & Greenacre 2001, Graham et al 2003). In January 2020, AVC and SJT contacted Gareth Thomas (GT), a retired vet from Ludlow with an interest in Dippers, sending photos, and he in turn contacted Dr Neil Homer-Forbes who is a dedicated avian vet with an interest in exotics and wildlife. At first, they considered whether a specific waterborne disease, with a possible parasitic or mycoplasmal aetiology, might be responsible for the symptoms shown in the photographs. GT, in discussion with another avian specialist vet f
2019年12月5日，斯蒂芬妮·泰勒(SJT)和蕾切尔·谢泼德(RES)在蒙茅斯郡黑山兰东尼山谷的Afon Honddu上捕雾网时，捕获了四只在新西兰纽阿德(Neuadd)一座桥上栖息的小燕子。一只成年雄性的眼睛周围有一圈浮肿，两只眼睛上方都有明显的肿胀。2020年11月29日，在同一座桥上，SJT和RES重新捕获了一只轻度肿胀的成年雌性。SJT随后查看了Mick Jenner于2017年6月2日在Afon hondu的Maesyberan的一个巢穴拍摄的北斗七星的一些照片，并注意到北斗七星的一个侧视图，她标记为“眼睛受伤的北斗七星”，有一个类似的扩大的轨道环。SJT联系了托尼·克罗斯(AVC)，他是一位敏锐的北斗七星人，看看他是否捕捉到了类似的感染鸟类。AVC于2005年1月30日首次发现小白鸭出现眼部问题，当时他为一只受影响的雀鸟拍摄了照片。他在老林格论坛上发布了这张照片，询问是否有林格看到过类似的问题，但没有得到回应。从那以后，他曾多次发现眼窝肿胀的北斗七星人，包括:2019年4月7日在雷亚德的Rhydhir Brook;2020年1月6日，在克伦附近的克伦河和克伦河畔阿斯顿的梁桥;2020年1月9日，在Cwmystwyth的Afon Peiran;2021年1月4日，在Plowden的River Onny;2021年1月5日在Quinney Brook, Grove Park, Craven Arms, Middleton附近的Ludlow和Stokesay的River Onny上。注意到眼窝肿胀的北极星的水道的主要特征是，在2019年底和2020年初以及2020/21年冬季，它们都连续泛滥了长达三个月，没有任何休息，水浑浊度异常，从陆地上悬浮着明亮的红褐色沉积物。根据作者40多年来对这些水道的观察经验，水深和浑浊度的增加在这些水道中并不常见，尽管随着洪水条件变得越来越频繁，这种情况似乎变得越来越普遍。Williams(1997)指出，许多疾病过程可影响禽类眼睛和眶周;眼眶周围肿胀可能是原发性眼部疾病的指征，也可能继发于鼻窦炎。鼻窦炎在作为人类伴侣的鸟类中相当常见，如鹦鹉和凤头鹦鹉，导致眼眶周围肿胀(Stiles & Greenacre 2001, Graham et al 2003)。2020年1月，AVC和SJT联系了Gareth Thomas (GT)，他是勒德洛(Ludlow)的一名退休兽医，对dip感兴趣，并发送了照片，他又联系了Neil Homer-Forbes博士，他是一名专门的鸟类兽医，对异国情调和野生动物感兴趣。首先，他们考虑的是一种可能是寄生虫或支原体病因的特定水传播疾病是否可能是照片中所显示症状的原因。在与另一位来自英国中部地区的鸟类兽医专家杰森·韦恩的讨论中，他认为这可能是一种创伤性的“拳击手眼”，这是由于鸟类在寻找食物时经常强行进入多石的河床的习惯造成的，通常很少或根本没有水下能见度，并且由于洪水长期难以进食而饥饿。GT指出，在非常强劲的水流中，一些水可能会进入鸟类的鼻腔，进入鼻窦，鼻窦比哺乳动物的鼻窦要宽得多。任何这样的“棕色”水都会携带一些污染，即使只是无菌的土壤颗粒，这可能会导致一些轻微的鼻窦炎。如果GT的假设是正确的，那么随着河水泛滥的缓和，水变得更清澈，视力应该会逐渐改善;当进食活动变得不那么创伤性时，肿胀处的液体应该会分散。
{"title":"Eye-orbital swellings in Dippers on the Welsh Borders","authors":"S. Tyler, Gareth J. Thomas, A.V. (Tony) Cross","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2020.2008142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2020.2008142","url":null,"abstract":"On 5 December 2019 Stephanie Tyler (SJT) and Rachel Shepherd (RES) were mist-netting on the Afon Honddu in the Llanthony Valley of the Black Mountains in Monmouthshire and caught four Dippers Cinclus cinclus gularis coming in to roost at a bridge at the Neuadd, Cwmyoy. One adult male had a puffy ring around the eyes and marked swellings above both eyes. On 29 November 2020, at the same bridge, SJT and RES retrapped an adult female with a slight swelling. SJT then looked through some photos of Dippers taken by Mick Jenner at one of her nest sites at Maesyberan on the Afon Honddu on 2 June 2017 and noticed that one of a side view of a Dipper which she had labelled ‘dipper with eye injury’, had a similarly enlarged orbital ring. SJT contacted Tony Cross (AVC), a keen Dipper ringer, to see if he had caught similarly affected birds. It transpired that AVC had first noticed eye problems in Dippers on 30 January 2005, when he had taken a photo of an affected bird. He put out the photo online, in a post on the old Ringers’ Forum, asking if any ringer had seen a similar problem, but had had no response. Since then, he has caught Dippers with swollen eye orbits on several occasions, including: on 7 April 2019 on the Rhydhir Brook, Rhayader; on 6 January 2020 on the River Clun, near Clun, and at Beambridge, Aston-on-Clun; on 9 January 2020 at Afon Peiran, Cwmystwyth; on 4 January 2021 on the River Onny, Plowden; and on 5 January 2021 on the Quinney Brook, Grove Park, Craven Arms, at Middleton near Ludlow and on the River Onny at Stokesay. The main feature of the waterways where Dippers with swollen eye orbits had been noted is that, in late 2019 and early 2020 and again during the winter of 2020/21, they had all been in continuous spate for up to three months with no respite, and the water turbidity was exceptional, with a suspension of bright reddish-brown sediment from the land. The increased water depth and turbidity were not usual for these waterways, in the experience of the authors who have observed them for over 40 years, although seems to be becoming more common as spate conditions become more frequent. Williams (1997) noted that many disease processes can affect the avian eye and periorbita; periorbital swelling can be an indication of a primary ocular disorder or may occur secondarily to sinusitis. Sinusitis is fairly common in birds that are human companion animals, such as parrots and cockatoos, leading to periorbital swellings (Stiles & Greenacre 2001, Graham et al 2003). In January 2020, AVC and SJT contacted Gareth Thomas (GT), a retired vet from Ludlow with an interest in Dippers, sending photos, and he in turn contacted Dr Neil Homer-Forbes who is a dedicated avian vet with an interest in exotics and wildlife. At first, they considered whether a specific waterborne disease, with a possible parasitic or mycoplasmal aetiology, might be responsible for the symptoms shown in the photographs. GT, in discussion with another avian specialist vet f","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"101 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41484489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-14DOI: 10.1080/03078698.2019.1759907
Robert Desaever, F. Bairlein
In temperate regions many migratory bird species have advanced their spring arrival to the breeding grounds in recent decades but such changes are much less known among Arctic species. Here we repo...
{"title":"Earlier spring passage of ‘Greenlandic’ Northern Wheatears Oenanthe o. leucorhoa on the coast of Belgium","authors":"Robert Desaever, F. Bairlein","doi":"10.1080/03078698.2019.1759907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2019.1759907","url":null,"abstract":"In temperate regions many migratory bird species have advanced their spring arrival to the breeding grounds in recent decades but such changes are much less known among Arctic species. Here we repo...","PeriodicalId":35936,"journal":{"name":"Ringing and Migration","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87596665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：