N. Nedyalkov, Nikolay Kodzhabashev, Pencho Pandakov, G. Popgeorgiev
We present 17 new records of Suncus etruscus in Bulgaria, and the first finding of the species north of Stara Planina Mountains. The species is recorded in the diet of three owl species - Tyto alba, Asio otus and Athene noctua, and one bird of prey - Aquila heliaca. The bulk of records originated from T. alba, in the rest raptor species it is taken randomly and consists negligible part of their diet. Additionally, five dead shrews were used, which provided hard evidence for the presence of S. etruscus in north Bulgaria. All data on the species distribution in Bulgaria are summarised and the roads for its invasion are discussed. Climate change is considered as an expansion trigger for spreading of the Etruscan shrew.
{"title":"New records of Suncus etruscus (Soricidae, Mammalia) and its current status in Bulgaria","authors":"N. Nedyalkov, Nikolay Kodzhabashev, Pencho Pandakov, G. Popgeorgiev","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.072","url":null,"abstract":"We present 17 new records of Suncus etruscus in Bulgaria, and the first finding of the species north of Stara Planina Mountains. The species is recorded in the diet of three owl species - Tyto alba, Asio otus and Athene noctua, and one bird of prey - Aquila heliaca. The bulk of records originated from T. alba, in the rest raptor species it is taken randomly and consists negligible part of their diet. Additionally, five dead shrews were used, which provided hard evidence for the presence of S. etruscus in north Bulgaria. All data on the species distribution in Bulgaria are summarised and the roads for its invasion are discussed. Climate change is considered as an expansion trigger for spreading of the Etruscan shrew.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two plant bug species, Euryopicoris nitidus (Meyer-Dür, 1843) and Solenoxyphus lepidus (Puton, 1874), are reported for the first time for Bulgaria. Their habitats, host plants, and reasons for the late discovery in the country are briefly discussed. The genera Euryopicoris Reuter, 1875 and Solenoxyphus Reuter, 1875 have not been previously reported in Bulgaria as well.
{"title":"Two plant bug genera Euryopicoris Reuter, 1875 and Solenoxyphus Reuter, 1875 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) new for the Bulgarian fauna","authors":"Denis Gradinarov, Yana Petrova, Nikolay Simov","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.074","url":null,"abstract":"Two plant bug species, Euryopicoris nitidus (Meyer-Dür, 1843) and Solenoxyphus lepidus (Puton, 1874), are reported for the first time for Bulgaria. Their habitats, host plants, and reasons for the late discovery in the country are briefly discussed. The genera Euryopicoris Reuter, 1875 and Solenoxyphus Reuter, 1875 have not been previously reported in Bulgaria as well.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sixty-one species taxa of land gastropods are known for Mavrovo National Park, and 34% of them are species taxa of high conservation value. Considering the unsystematic surveys in the area, it can be assumed that in the future the number of species taxa will significantly increase. The status of Mavrovo as a national park under high protection, and there are no immediate threats to the malacofauna. Potential problems for invertebrate communities, including snails, would be big destructive changes in their habitats and especially the presence of hydropower projects and stone quarries. The protection of the species habitats from human activity and different types of modification is the best protection measures for the mollusk fauna in Mavrovo National Park.
{"title":"The terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Mavrovo National Park, North Macedonia","authors":"Ivaylo Dedov, Slobodan Kutanoski, S. Hristovski","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.073","url":null,"abstract":"Sixty-one species taxa of land gastropods are known for Mavrovo National Park, and 34% of them are species taxa of high conservation value. Considering the unsystematic surveys in the area, it can be assumed that in the future the number of species taxa will significantly increase. The status of Mavrovo as a national park under high protection, and there are no immediate threats to the malacofauna. Potential problems for invertebrate communities, including snails, would be big destructive changes in their habitats and especially the presence of hydropower projects and stone quarries. The protection of the species habitats from human activity and different types of modification is the best protection measures for the mollusk fauna in Mavrovo National Park.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The eastern green lizard (Lacerta viridis) is a mostly insectivorous species, based on multiple studies from across its range. However, for Bulgaria the published data of such kind are limited to five publications. We investigated faecal samples from a total of 60 individuals of free-ranging L. viridis obtained from two localities in western Bulgaria. Our aim was to clarify the diet regarding its taxonomic composition, as well as some physical characteristics of the prey like hardness and evasiveness. For one of the study sites we compared the realised trophic niche (prey items from the faecal pellets) with the fundamental niche (invertebrates collected via pit-fall traps exposure). In our results, two invertebrate taxa had the largest share (both in frequency and abundance) in the food spectrum of L. viridis: Araneae and Coleoptera), respectively 21.2% and 17.6%. Regarding specific prey selectivity, analysis showed that Lepidoptera are most preferred (E* = 0.68), and Formicidae - most avoided prey items (E* = -0.79). We registered several cases of saurophagy (in four samples) and keratophagy (in two samples), two types of dietary items, which have not been reported for L. viridis so far.
{"title":"Diet composition of the lizard Lacerta viridis (Laurenti, 1768) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in Bulgaria confirm its generalistic feeding behaviour","authors":"Emiliya Vacheva, B. Naumov","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.071","url":null,"abstract":"The eastern green lizard (Lacerta viridis) is a mostly insectivorous species, based on multiple studies from across its range. However, for Bulgaria the published data of such kind are limited to five publications. We investigated faecal samples from a total of 60 individuals of free-ranging L. viridis obtained from two localities in western Bulgaria. Our aim was to clarify the diet regarding its taxonomic composition, as well as some physical characteristics of the prey like hardness and evasiveness. For one of the study sites we compared the realised trophic niche (prey items from the faecal pellets) with the fundamental niche (invertebrates collected via pit-fall traps exposure). In our results, two invertebrate taxa had the largest share (both in frequency and abundance) in the food spectrum of L. viridis: Araneae and Coleoptera), respectively 21.2% and 17.6%. Regarding specific prey selectivity, analysis showed that Lepidoptera are most preferred (E* = 0.68), and Formicidae - most avoided prey items (E* = -0.79). We registered several cases of saurophagy (in four samples) and keratophagy (in two samples), two types of dietary items, which have not been reported for L. viridis so far.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The southernmost region of peninsular Italy, Calabria, hosts two well distinct sub-populations of Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb. subsp. gussonei (Webb) Greuter (Fabaceae), a Sicilian-Calabrian endemic shrub. The population study model applied to this work on Calabrian sub-populations of this threatened taxon, demonstrated to be a powerful tool. A preliminary survey on a sample of the studied plants enabled the fast, easy and complete collection of biometric/anagraphic data. Present number of censussed plants (1,523; 82.5% by the Ionian Sea, 17.5% by the Tyrrhenian), the complex and heterogeneous composition of the population (divided in four biometric/age classes and spread on nine different sectors), its distribution within the study area, its evolution as a result of spontaneous population dynamic or future management actions, might be hopefully long term monitored through the study model here applied.
{"title":"Distribution, demography and conservation perspectives of Retama raetam subsp. gussonei (Fabaceae) in Calabria (S Italy)","authors":"Giuseppe Caruso, D. Uzunov, C. Gangale","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.063","url":null,"abstract":"The southernmost region of peninsular Italy, Calabria, hosts two well distinct sub-populations of Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb. subsp. gussonei (Webb) Greuter (Fabaceae), a Sicilian-Calabrian endemic shrub. The population study model applied to this work on Calabrian sub-populations of this threatened taxon, demonstrated to be a powerful tool. A preliminary survey on a sample of the studied plants enabled the fast, easy and complete collection of biometric/anagraphic data. Present number of censussed plants (1,523; 82.5% by the Ionian Sea, 17.5% by the Tyrrhenian), the complex and heterogeneous composition of the population (divided in four biometric/age classes and spread on nine different sectors), its distribution within the study area, its evolution as a result of spontaneous population dynamic or future management actions, might be hopefully long term monitored through the study model here applied.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study presents findings from a survey of terrestrial snails conducted on Unguja Island (Zanzibar). The survey, conducted in March 2024, focused on the eastern coast of the island, specifically around Uroa Village and Kiwengwa Cave. A total of 12 species of terrestrial snails were recorded, including Gulella minutissima (Thiele, 1911), previously unknown for over six decades.
{"title":"A small collection of terrestrial snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Unguja Island (Zanzibar, Tanzania) revealed a species unknown for 67 years","authors":"D. Georgiev","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.062","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents findings from a survey of terrestrial snails conducted on Unguja Island (Zanzibar). The survey, conducted in March 2024, focused on the eastern coast of the island, specifically around Uroa Village and Kiwengwa Cave. A total of 12 species of terrestrial snails were recorded, including Gulella minutissima (Thiele, 1911), previously unknown for over six decades.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shinekhuu Tumurjav, L. Ivanova, Yurii Rupyshev, S. Migalina, Sergey Bazha, Leonid Ivanov
Plant functional traits are often considered as indicators of plant-environment relationship; however, some plant features can be highly taxonomic-specific. The study of intraspecific trait variation is essential to understand what functional traits are influenced by the phylogeny and what traits are more dependent on environment. We studied six common steppe plant species in two natural vegetation plots near lake Baikal in Southern Siberia different in climate aridity and grazing degree: site 1 - native true grass steppe under lower climate aridity, site 2 - high disturbed sagebrush steppe under higher aridity. Plant functional traits showed different relevance to species and environment. Plant height, leaf thickness (LT), mesophyll cell volume (Vcell), and the chloroplast number per cell had the greatest contribution to differences between species and varied slightly within a species. Photosynthesis (Amax) and transpiration (E) rates, chlorophyll content, mesophyll surface area per leaf area unit (Ames/A) were more dependent on environment than on species. Amax and E decreased in all studied species in more adverse conditions of site 2, however plants differed in mechanisms of these changes. In Stipa krylovii, Artemisia frigida and Potentilla acaulis, most abundant in true steppe (site 1) mesophyll cell sizes, cell and chloroplast number per leaf area decreased in site 2. Other species, Artemisia scoparia, Potentilla bifurca and Allium anisopodium which were more abundant in disturbed steppe (site 2), had larger cells and showed an increase in cell and chloroplast number per leaf area in site 2 and decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of a chloroplast. We concluded that the leaf thickness and cell size belong to species-specific features, whereas Amax, pigment content and integral mesophyll traits as Ames/A are more indicative for plant-environment relationships and their response to growth conditions depend on the ecological strategy of a species.
{"title":"Species-specific and environment-sensitive functional traits in six steppe plant species with different roles in community","authors":"Shinekhuu Tumurjav, L. Ivanova, Yurii Rupyshev, S. Migalina, Sergey Bazha, Leonid Ivanov","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.061","url":null,"abstract":"Plant functional traits are often considered as indicators of plant-environment relationship; however, some plant features can be highly taxonomic-specific. The study of intraspecific trait variation is essential to understand what functional traits are influenced by the phylogeny and what traits are more dependent on environment. We studied six common steppe plant species in two natural vegetation plots near lake Baikal in Southern Siberia different in climate aridity and grazing degree: site 1 - native true grass steppe under lower climate aridity, site 2 - high disturbed sagebrush steppe under higher aridity. Plant functional traits showed different relevance to species and environment. Plant height, leaf thickness (LT), mesophyll cell volume (Vcell), and the chloroplast number per cell had the greatest contribution to differences between species and varied slightly within a species. Photosynthesis (Amax) and transpiration (E) rates, chlorophyll content, mesophyll surface area per leaf area unit (Ames/A) were more dependent on environment than on species. Amax and E decreased in all studied species in more adverse conditions of site 2, however plants differed in mechanisms of these changes. In Stipa krylovii, Artemisia frigida and Potentilla acaulis, most abundant in true steppe (site 1) mesophyll cell sizes, cell and chloroplast number per leaf area decreased in site 2. Other species, Artemisia scoparia, Potentilla bifurca and Allium anisopodium which were more abundant in disturbed steppe (site 2), had larger cells and showed an increase in cell and chloroplast number per leaf area in site 2 and decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of a chloroplast. We concluded that the leaf thickness and cell size belong to species-specific features, whereas Amax, pigment content and integral mesophyll traits as Ames/A are more indicative for plant-environment relationships and their response to growth conditions depend on the ecological strategy of a species.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katelina Uzunowa, Blagoy Koychev, S. Peeva, E. Raichev, N. Spassov
Cranial sexual dimorphism in grey wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) from Bulgaria has not been studied so far. Skulls from adult individuals from across the country were studied. Thirty-six parameters (35 craniodental measurements and a volumetric one) of each skull were measured. The Bulgarian wolf population exhibits weak craniodental sexual dimorphism, which is male-biased, as is typical in canids with a monogamous social system. However, the sexual dimorphism is more pronounced than in the studied more northern populations.
{"title":"Craniometrical sexual dimorphism of the grey wolf (Canis lupus, Canidae, Carnivora) in Bulgaria","authors":"Katelina Uzunowa, Blagoy Koychev, S. Peeva, E. Raichev, N. Spassov","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.052","url":null,"abstract":"Cranial sexual dimorphism in grey wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) from Bulgaria has not been studied so far. Skulls from adult individuals from across the country were studied. Thirty-six parameters (35 craniodental measurements and a volumetric one) of each skull were measured. The Bulgarian wolf population exhibits weak craniodental sexual dimorphism, which is male-biased, as is typical in canids with a monogamous social system. However, the sexual dimorphism is more pronounced than in the studied more northern populations.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141021568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Georgieva, Katia Trencheva, Maria Dobreva, Mihaela Hristova, Vasil Velinov, G. Georgiev
The current study reports the first records of an aphid-like pest and leaf pathogen on oak species in Bulgaria. In 2020-2023, leaf samples presenting characteristic yellow spots and lesions were collected from mature trees of Quercus petraea, Q. cerris, Q. frainetto and Q. robur in different localities of the country. Damage caused by oak obligate leaf pathogen Microstroma album, the leaf phylloxera, Phylloxera glabra, and the oak lace bug, Corythucha arcuata were identified on the lower surface of oak leaves. M. album was identified on all studied Quercus species. Angular white patches, the fruiting stage of the fungus, appeared on the lower surfaces of the leaves. P. glabra caused yellowish mosaic discoloration on the leaf surface of Quercus cerris, Q. frainetto and Q. pertaea. Sucking damage displayed a stippled pattern of yellow, brown, or whitish dots. In places where M. album develops, the invasive oak lace bug was often found as the only sucking species on oak leaves, which is most likely also a vector of the disease. Severe damage caused by established both obligate pathogen (M. album) and sucking insect pests (P. glabra, C. arcuata) could result in a weakening of the oak trees. On sufficiently weakened trees, secondary fungal pathogens or boring insects, commonly infested oak trees, can cause their death.
{"title":"First records of Microstroma album (Desmazières) Saccardo, 1878 (Basidiomycota: Microstromataceae) and Phylloxera glabra (von Heyden, 1837) (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) in oak stands in Bulgaria","authors":"M. Georgieva, Katia Trencheva, Maria Dobreva, Mihaela Hristova, Vasil Velinov, G. Georgiev","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.053","url":null,"abstract":"The current study reports the first records of an aphid-like pest and leaf pathogen on oak species in Bulgaria. In 2020-2023, leaf samples presenting characteristic yellow spots and lesions were collected from mature trees of Quercus petraea, Q. cerris, Q. frainetto and Q. robur in different localities of the country. Damage caused by oak obligate leaf pathogen Microstroma album, the leaf phylloxera, Phylloxera glabra, and the oak lace bug, Corythucha arcuata were identified on the lower surface of oak leaves. M. album was identified on all studied Quercus species. Angular white patches, the fruiting stage of the fungus, appeared on the lower surfaces of the leaves. P. glabra caused yellowish mosaic discoloration on the leaf surface of Quercus cerris, Q. frainetto and Q. pertaea. Sucking damage displayed a stippled pattern of yellow, brown, or whitish dots. In places where M. album develops, the invasive oak lace bug was often found as the only sucking species on oak leaves, which is most likely also a vector of the disease. Severe damage caused by established both obligate pathogen (M. album) and sucking insect pests (P. glabra, C. arcuata) could result in a weakening of the oak trees. On sufficiently weakened trees, secondary fungal pathogens or boring insects, commonly infested oak trees, can cause their death.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper gives information about 41 dolichopodid species established in Vitosha Mountain. Twenty-one species are newly recorded for the studied area, and one of them, Thrypticus divisus, is new to the fauna of Bulgaria.
{"title":"Long-legged flies (Diptera: Empidoidea: Dolichopodidae) from Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria: first contribution and overview","authors":"M. Kechev, G. Zaemdzhikova, Blagoy Koychev","doi":"10.48027/hnb.46.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48027/hnb.46.051","url":null,"abstract":"The paper gives information about 41 dolichopodid species established in Vitosha Mountain. Twenty-one species are newly recorded for the studied area, and one of them, Thrypticus divisus, is new to the fauna of Bulgaria.","PeriodicalId":36079,"journal":{"name":"Historia Naturalis Bulgarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141021315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：