Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1177/25161032231197228
Hilma Forsman, Lars Brännström
It is well known that individuals with out-of-home care (OHC) experience tend to have lower educational attainment than their peers in young adulthood, and a number of interventions have been implemented to increase their higher education outcomes. However, the timing of their higher education completion, and whether they experience educational recovery over the life course, is largely unknown. Using longitudinal Swedish data from a birth cohort of more than 13,000 individuals, this study examined OHC experienced individuals’ chances of having a higher education, here defined as a record of postsecondary education of two years or more, in midlife (age 50) and whether the timing of completion differs between them and a group of individuals who had child welfare contact (CWC) without being placed, and a group of general population peers. Results from multivariable logistic regressions corroborated prior findings that individuals who have been placed in OHC were less likely to have completed higher education compared to their general population peers. However, among those who did, they were more likely to have completed it later in life. Overall, there were no differences between the OHC group and the CWC group, both groups may thus not only benefit from specific support but also from more general inclusive education policies that allow for life-long learning.
{"title":"Timing of higher education completion in out-of-home care experienced individuals: On schedule or delayed?","authors":"Hilma Forsman, Lars Brännström","doi":"10.1177/25161032231197228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231197228","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that individuals with out-of-home care (OHC) experience tend to have lower educational attainment than their peers in young adulthood, and a number of interventions have been implemented to increase their higher education outcomes. However, the timing of their higher education completion, and whether they experience educational recovery over the life course, is largely unknown. Using longitudinal Swedish data from a birth cohort of more than 13,000 individuals, this study examined OHC experienced individuals’ chances of having a higher education, here defined as a record of postsecondary education of two years or more, in midlife (age 50) and whether the timing of completion differs between them and a group of individuals who had child welfare contact (CWC) without being placed, and a group of general population peers. Results from multivariable logistic regressions corroborated prior findings that individuals who have been placed in OHC were less likely to have completed higher education compared to their general population peers. However, among those who did, they were more likely to have completed it later in life. Overall, there were no differences between the OHC group and the CWC group, both groups may thus not only benefit from specific support but also from more general inclusive education policies that allow for life-long learning.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-23DOI: 10.1177/25161032231202256
Meryl F. Westlake, Saul Hillman, Asa Kerr-Davis, Andrei Viziteu, Miriam Silver, Dominika Dykiert
Research suggests that among all children living in social care, those in residential care have the highest mental health need. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to establish the type and prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms among children in residential care. A systematic search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, ASSIA, IBSS and grey literature databases from January 1989 to July 2022 was conducted ( N = 11, 246). Articles were eligible for inclusion where they: (1) included a sample living in residential provision similar to that provided in the UK, (2) used standardised screening tools or psychiatric assessments, using diagnostic classification systems, and (3) reported prevalence estimates. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. 21 articles with prevalence rates for a total of 4287 children, adolescents and young adults were included. Almost half the children had symptoms indicative of a probable mental health disorder (46%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 35–58). Externalising problems (49%; 95% CI 34–65), were more common than internalising problems (39%; 95% CI 26–53) and prevalence rates for conduct disorder (34%; 95% CI 17–55), depression (26%; 95% CI 18–35), emotional symptoms (17%; 95% CI 8–28), and somatic symptoms (14%; 95% CI 8–20) were estimated. The findings provide evidence that the prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms are particularly high among children in residential care. These pooled estimates should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity and further epidemiological research is needed to guide policy in different countries.
研究表明，在所有接受社会照料的儿童中，接受寄宿照料的儿童的心理健康需求最高。本系统综述和荟萃分析首次确定了住院儿童精神健康障碍和症状的类型和患病率。系统检索1989年1月至2022年7月的PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science Core Collection、ASSIA、IBSS和灰色文献数据库(N = 11,246)。符合纳入条件的文章:(1)包括生活在与英国类似的住宅设施中的样本，(2)使用标准化筛查工具或精神病学评估，使用诊断分类系统，以及(3)报告的患病率估计。使用随机效应荟萃分析计算合并患病率估计值。21篇文章共纳入4287名儿童、青少年和年轻人的患病率。几乎一半的儿童有可能出现精神健康障碍的症状(46%;95%置信区间(CI) 35-58)。外部化问题(49%;95% CI 34-65)，比内化问题更常见(39%;95% CI 26-53)和品行障碍患病率(34%;95% CI 17-55)，抑郁症(26%;95% CI 18-35)，情绪症状(17%;95% CI 8-28)和躯体症状(14%;95% CI 8-20)。研究结果提供了证据，表明精神健康障碍和症状的患病率在寄宿照料的儿童中特别高。由于高度异质性和需要进一步的流行病学研究来指导不同国家的政策，因此应谨慎解释这些汇总估计。
{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the type and prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms among children living in residential care","authors":"Meryl F. Westlake, Saul Hillman, Asa Kerr-Davis, Andrei Viziteu, Miriam Silver, Dominika Dykiert","doi":"10.1177/25161032231202256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231202256","url":null,"abstract":"Research suggests that among all children living in social care, those in residential care have the highest mental health need. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to establish the type and prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms among children in residential care. A systematic search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, ASSIA, IBSS and grey literature databases from January 1989 to July 2022 was conducted ( N = 11, 246). Articles were eligible for inclusion where they: (1) included a sample living in residential provision similar to that provided in the UK, (2) used standardised screening tools or psychiatric assessments, using diagnostic classification systems, and (3) reported prevalence estimates. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. 21 articles with prevalence rates for a total of 4287 children, adolescents and young adults were included. Almost half the children had symptoms indicative of a probable mental health disorder (46%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 35–58). Externalising problems (49%; 95% CI 34–65), were more common than internalising problems (39%; 95% CI 26–53) and prevalence rates for conduct disorder (34%; 95% CI 17–55), depression (26%; 95% CI 18–35), emotional symptoms (17%; 95% CI 8–28), and somatic symptoms (14%; 95% CI 8–20) were estimated. The findings provide evidence that the prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms are particularly high among children in residential care. These pooled estimates should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity and further epidemiological research is needed to guide policy in different countries.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135965245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1177/25161032231202252
Bonnie Jensen
In Greenland, more than four times as many children are placed in out-of-home care (OHC) as in comparable countries in the Nordic region. This article is based on qualitative interviews with 38 children placed in residential institutions and shows the children’s own experiences of this and the degree to which they were involved in decisions concerning their own lives. The results of the article point to five main findings. First, the interviewed children usually didn’t know why they were placed in institutional care. Secondly, they didn’t know how long they could stay where they lived. Thirdly, the children expressed a wish for more committed staff. Fourthly, the children missed their families, not least because they were often placed far away from home and only had the opportunity to see their families a few times a year. And finally, around half of the children were satisfied to live in the residential institution they’d been placed in. The results are analysed and discussed in a phenomenological framework of recognition theory and participation theory.
{"title":"Greenlandic children placed in out-of-home care: The lack of involvement and participation in one’s own life","authors":"Bonnie Jensen","doi":"10.1177/25161032231202252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231202252","url":null,"abstract":"In Greenland, more than four times as many children are placed in out-of-home care (OHC) as in comparable countries in the Nordic region. This article is based on qualitative interviews with 38 children placed in residential institutions and shows the children’s own experiences of this and the degree to which they were involved in decisions concerning their own lives. The results of the article point to five main findings. First, the interviewed children usually didn’t know why they were placed in institutional care. Secondly, they didn’t know how long they could stay where they lived. Thirdly, the children expressed a wish for more committed staff. Fourthly, the children missed their families, not least because they were often placed far away from home and only had the opportunity to see their families a few times a year. And finally, around half of the children were satisfied to live in the residential institution they’d been placed in. The results are analysed and discussed in a phenomenological framework of recognition theory and participation theory.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1177/25161032231202254
Jeff Gau, Karen Zilberstein, Adam Brown, Meme English
Collaborations in child welfare are crucial for addressing complex needs and improving outcomes for children and their families. In this study we aimed to develop and validate the Quality of Collaboration with Child Welfare (Q-CCW) scale to assess working relationships between providers and child welfare workers. The scale was developed to assess four attributes of collaboration: quality of the working relationship, responsiveness, joint understanding, and communication. Following its construction, the scale was administered to a sample of 208 participants, including mental health clinicians, foster/kinship parents, and lawyers/evaluators. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution, indicating a unified construct of quality collaboration, that demonstrated reliability. The Q-CCW can facilitate the measurement and improvement of collaborations in child welfare, thereby contributing to enhanced service delivery and positive outcomes for children and families.
{"title":"The quality of collaboration with child welfare scale (Q-CCW): Development and validation","authors":"Jeff Gau, Karen Zilberstein, Adam Brown, Meme English","doi":"10.1177/25161032231202254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231202254","url":null,"abstract":"Collaborations in child welfare are crucial for addressing complex needs and improving outcomes for children and their families. In this study we aimed to develop and validate the Quality of Collaboration with Child Welfare (Q-CCW) scale to assess working relationships between providers and child welfare workers. The scale was developed to assess four attributes of collaboration: quality of the working relationship, responsiveness, joint understanding, and communication. Following its construction, the scale was administered to a sample of 208 participants, including mental health clinicians, foster/kinship parents, and lawyers/evaluators. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution, indicating a unified construct of quality collaboration, that demonstrated reliability. The Q-CCW can facilitate the measurement and improvement of collaborations in child welfare, thereby contributing to enhanced service delivery and positive outcomes for children and families.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45421975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.1177/25161032231193168
Nino Jorjadze, I. Bovenschen, G. Spangler
Foster care offers children a safe family environment and is effective in buffering the negative effects of early adversity. Specifically, foster care has been found to facilitate secure attachment to foster parents. However, there are limited data on attachment development in children entering foster care after the first year of life. In this study, we examined attachment behaviour and representations as well as symptoms of reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) in 3–6 year-old foster children. We studied two subgroups of foster children with different preplacement experiences (Group 1: children entering foster care after living in institutions; Group 2: children entering foster care after living with their biological families) and compared them with a community sample. The results revealed that children in both foster care groups showed significantly lower attachment security at the behavioural level, higher hyperactivation and disorganization at the representational level, and significantly more symptoms of RAD and DSED than the children in the control group. Analyses did not indicate significant differences between the foster care groups. Moreover, no significant associations were found between attachment-related variables and preplacement experiences. This may be an indication that in long-term foster care, the quality of foster care becomes the major factor affecting a child’s attachment development. Thus, foster parents need supportive services and interventions with a focus on attachment development.
{"title":"Attachment Behaviour, Attachment Representations, and Symptoms of Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder in Foster Children With Different Preplacement Experiences","authors":"Nino Jorjadze, I. Bovenschen, G. Spangler","doi":"10.1177/25161032231193168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231193168","url":null,"abstract":"Foster care offers children a safe family environment and is effective in buffering the negative effects of early adversity. Specifically, foster care has been found to facilitate secure attachment to foster parents. However, there are limited data on attachment development in children entering foster care after the first year of life. In this study, we examined attachment behaviour and representations as well as symptoms of reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) in 3–6 year-old foster children. We studied two subgroups of foster children with different preplacement experiences (Group 1: children entering foster care after living in institutions; Group 2: children entering foster care after living with their biological families) and compared them with a community sample. The results revealed that children in both foster care groups showed significantly lower attachment security at the behavioural level, higher hyperactivation and disorganization at the representational level, and significantly more symptoms of RAD and DSED than the children in the control group. Analyses did not indicate significant differences between the foster care groups. Moreover, no significant associations were found between attachment-related variables and preplacement experiences. This may be an indication that in long-term foster care, the quality of foster care becomes the major factor affecting a child’s attachment development. Thus, foster parents need supportive services and interventions with a focus on attachment development.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48811746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/25161032231190096
Laura Gypen, L. Stas, Delphine West, F. Van Holen, J. Vanderfaeillie
Young people leaving foster- and residential care more often indicate having mental health problems than their peers from the general population. International research has extensively studied these mental health outcomes of care leavers. However, in Flanders (the Dutch speaking part of Belgium), no previous quantitative studies are known. This longitudinal study explores outcomes of depression, anxiety, sleep and general mental health of care leavers in Flanders and investigates if these outcomes improve in the years after leaving care. Associations with placement factors are explored to support recommendations to the clinical field. The current study involves 175 care-leavers. The participants of the study are between 18 and 27 years old at the start of the study and have all left care. Data was collected using a self-reporting questionnaire touching multiple domains. On all domains, no significant differences between foster- and residential care leavers are found. Residential care leavers more often indicate depressive symptoms than their peers from the general population. Foster care leavers more often indicate sleeping problems. Regarding anxiety, no differences are found. In all conducted analyses, the number of years in care, the age of starting and leaving care, the different types of support during care and whether aftercare was offered were included. However, none of these factors provide a sufficient explanation for the outcomes found. On all scales, the effect of gender, the number of placements and the reason of placement do recur. This indicates the importance of these factors. Policy makers should focus on improving placement stability and extra support for children who were placed due to own emotional or behavioral problems or maltreatment.
{"title":"The longitudinal outcomes of mental health for Flemish care leavers","authors":"Laura Gypen, L. Stas, Delphine West, F. Van Holen, J. Vanderfaeillie","doi":"10.1177/25161032231190096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231190096","url":null,"abstract":"Young people leaving foster- and residential care more often indicate having mental health problems than their peers from the general population. International research has extensively studied these mental health outcomes of care leavers. However, in Flanders (the Dutch speaking part of Belgium), no previous quantitative studies are known. This longitudinal study explores outcomes of depression, anxiety, sleep and general mental health of care leavers in Flanders and investigates if these outcomes improve in the years after leaving care. Associations with placement factors are explored to support recommendations to the clinical field. The current study involves 175 care-leavers. The participants of the study are between 18 and 27 years old at the start of the study and have all left care. Data was collected using a self-reporting questionnaire touching multiple domains. On all domains, no significant differences between foster- and residential care leavers are found. Residential care leavers more often indicate depressive symptoms than their peers from the general population. Foster care leavers more often indicate sleeping problems. Regarding anxiety, no differences are found. In all conducted analyses, the number of years in care, the age of starting and leaving care, the different types of support during care and whether aftercare was offered were included. However, none of these factors provide a sufficient explanation for the outcomes found. On all scales, the effect of gender, the number of placements and the reason of placement do recur. This indicates the importance of these factors. Policy makers should focus on improving placement stability and extra support for children who were placed due to own emotional or behavioral problems or maltreatment.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47843049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.1177/25161032231184972
Shamra M. Boel-Studt, Taylor Dowdy-Hazlett
Although most youth served in residential group care are adolescents, empirical theories indicate that youth needs vary at different stages of adolescent development. These differences likely impact adolescents’ experiences and, ultimately, responses to treatment; a neglected research topic that may have implications for residential placement and services. This study explored youth experiences in residential care at different stages of adolescence. A descriptive qualitative content analysis from a sample of 103 youths was used to classify open-ended text into categories among early, middle, and late adolescents. Comments showed similarities and differences across developmental stages in six categories—general views on placement, relationships, needs and supports, safety, autonomy and control, and growth and development. Youth in late adolescents were more contemplative about their time in residential care, with comments reflecting a need for more autonomy, while expressing how residential care has helped with future endeavors and goal planning. Middle and early adolescents’ experiences were more varied. Early adolescents focused on relationships outside of care and discussed support needs differently, compared to middle and late adolescents. Our findings suggest that experiences in residential placements differ in important ways across stages of adolescent development.
{"title":"Reflections on Care Experiences Among Early, Middle, and Late Adolescents in Residential Care","authors":"Shamra M. Boel-Studt, Taylor Dowdy-Hazlett","doi":"10.1177/25161032231184972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231184972","url":null,"abstract":"Although most youth served in residential group care are adolescents, empirical theories indicate that youth needs vary at different stages of adolescent development. These differences likely impact adolescents’ experiences and, ultimately, responses to treatment; a neglected research topic that may have implications for residential placement and services. This study explored youth experiences in residential care at different stages of adolescence. A descriptive qualitative content analysis from a sample of 103 youths was used to classify open-ended text into categories among early, middle, and late adolescents. Comments showed similarities and differences across developmental stages in six categories—general views on placement, relationships, needs and supports, safety, autonomy and control, and growth and development. Youth in late adolescents were more contemplative about their time in residential care, with comments reflecting a need for more autonomy, while expressing how residential care has helped with future endeavors and goal planning. Middle and early adolescents’ experiences were more varied. Early adolescents focused on relationships outside of care and discussed support needs differently, compared to middle and late adolescents. Our findings suggest that experiences in residential placements differ in important ways across stages of adolescent development.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48242934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1177/25161032231171973
Ankit Kumar Keshri
The purpose of this paper is to explore Indian orphaned young people’s perspectives on leaving care. To accomplish this, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with 13 Indian youth with significant care experience in institutional and residential arrangements. The understanding of care leaving presented here is based on retrospective insights that young people with care experience shared regarding their experiences of leaving care. The results included four themes: ‘miscommunication about care leaving’, ‘an undesirable ending’, ‘limited knowledge about new life’ and ‘key factors for a better transition’. The findings imply that care leaving should be an extended process, not an event. Thus, a dedicated program focusing on care leaving is required. Also, allowing young people to participate in transition planning is essential and can be best ensured with effective communication and carefully formulated care plans. Further, access to extended support in the form of comprehensive and compulsory ‘aftercare’ services is suggested for achieving better outcomes for young people with care experience.
{"title":"Understanding orphaned young people’s experience of leaving care in India: A qualitative study","authors":"Ankit Kumar Keshri","doi":"10.1177/25161032231171973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231171973","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to explore Indian orphaned young people’s perspectives on leaving care. To accomplish this, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with 13 Indian youth with significant care experience in institutional and residential arrangements. The understanding of care leaving presented here is based on retrospective insights that young people with care experience shared regarding their experiences of leaving care. The results included four themes: ‘miscommunication about care leaving’, ‘an undesirable ending’, ‘limited knowledge about new life’ and ‘key factors for a better transition’. The findings imply that care leaving should be an extended process, not an event. Thus, a dedicated program focusing on care leaving is required. Also, allowing young people to participate in transition planning is essential and can be best ensured with effective communication and carefully formulated care plans. Further, access to extended support in the form of comprehensive and compulsory ‘aftercare’ services is suggested for achieving better outcomes for young people with care experience.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45806950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1177/25161032231165757
Katy Burch, L. Coombes, E. Macey, Andy Backinsell
Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) is a form of psychotherapy for families where children and young people have experienced early trauma or attachment disruption. This study used longitudinal survey data to understand the format of DDP as it is provided in England for children who are adopted or subject of a Special Guardianship Order (SGO), and to analyse the potential effects of DDP on standardised outcomes of child and caregiver wellbeing. Participants were 150 families who received DDP through funding from the Department for Education’s Adoption Support Fund in England between 2018 and 2021. Adoptive parents and special guardians (caregivers) answered surveys at three timepoints; before therapy was provided (baseline), when therapy had ended (wave 2), and 6 months later (wave 3). Linear mixed modelling demonstrated significant improvements in child/young person difficulties in multiple subscales of the SDQ, including emotional difficulties and conduct problems, between baseline and wave 2. In the same time frame, similar improvements in caregiver wellbeing were also observed, as measured by the SWEMBS. These findings suggest an association between the provision of DDP and an improvement in child/young person and caregiver wellbeing on standardised measures, with these improvements maintained 6 months later. Implications and recommendations for future research to substantiate the findings are discussed.
{"title":"Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy for children living with adoptive parents or special guardians: a longitudinal assessment of the impact on child and caregiver wellbeing outcomes","authors":"Katy Burch, L. Coombes, E. Macey, Andy Backinsell","doi":"10.1177/25161032231165757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231165757","url":null,"abstract":"Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) is a form of psychotherapy for families where children and young people have experienced early trauma or attachment disruption. This study used longitudinal survey data to understand the format of DDP as it is provided in England for children who are adopted or subject of a Special Guardianship Order (SGO), and to analyse the potential effects of DDP on standardised outcomes of child and caregiver wellbeing. Participants were 150 families who received DDP through funding from the Department for Education’s Adoption Support Fund in England between 2018 and 2021. Adoptive parents and special guardians (caregivers) answered surveys at three timepoints; before therapy was provided (baseline), when therapy had ended (wave 2), and 6 months later (wave 3). Linear mixed modelling demonstrated significant improvements in child/young person difficulties in multiple subscales of the SDQ, including emotional difficulties and conduct problems, between baseline and wave 2. In the same time frame, similar improvements in caregiver wellbeing were also observed, as measured by the SWEMBS. These findings suggest an association between the provision of DDP and an improvement in child/young person and caregiver wellbeing on standardised measures, with these improvements maintained 6 months later. Implications and recommendations for future research to substantiate the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44075937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/25161032231157094
Laura Gypen, L. Stas, Delphine West, F. Van Holen, J. Vanderfaeillie
Care leavers are more often unemployed, have lower annual earnings and live in inferior housing circumstances than their peers in the general population. International research has extensively studied and discussed these outcomes. However, in Flanders (the Dutch speaking part of Belgium), no previous quantitative studies are known. This study therefore explores and predicts outcomes on employment, income and housing circumstances of care leavers in Flanders and investigates if these outcomes improve in the years after leaving care. Associations with placement factors are explored to support recommendations to the clinical field. The current study involves 175 care-leavers (both family foster care (n = 105) and residential care (n = 70)). Data was collected using a self-reporting questionnaire touching multiple domains. The participants of the study (49 male, 126 female) are between 18 and 27 years old. Care leavers are employed at younger ages but are also more often unemployed than their peers from the general population, they earn significantly less than peers and are more often homeless. On all domains, no significant differences were found between foster- and residential care leavers. Placement characteristics are more declaratory than only the type of care. In the current study, most outcomes improve during the years after leaving care, this supports the theory of emerging adulthood. Although we cannot infer causal effects, care leavers who experienced fewer placement changes and received individual therapy during their time in care tend to have better outcomes in the current study. The same applies for care leavers who were prepared for leaving care and supported after leaving care. Policy makers should focus on increased support regarding breakdown prevention and individual mental health support during the time in care. Preparation for placement ending and aftercare should be provided.
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