Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.35
Dondapati Rajendra Dev, T. Sivaprakasam, K. Vijaya Kumar
Early detection of melanoma skin cancer is crucial for effective treatment, and computer-aided diagnostic technologies offer promising advancements for dermatologists to make faster, more precise diagnoses of skin lesions. Segmenting skin lesions is a crucial first step towards automated Computer-Aided Diagnosis for skin cancer. This paper aims to use SnakeCut, a foreground extraction approach, to automatically segment skin lesions in HSV color space with little human interaction. Active contour (otherwise called Snake) and Improved GrabCut are the two popular methods. By decreasing the energy function of the related contour, the active contour acts as a deformable segmentation contour. Improved GrabCut uses updated iterated graph cuts to store color attributes used as segmentation signals in order to achieve foreground segmentation from close-by pixel similarities in its foreground segmentation algorithm. The proposed integrated solution, which is predicated on a probabilistic framework, is termed “SnakeCut.” We removed the outer black border using preprocessing. Later feature extraction is done using HOG and HSV and classifies the benign or melanoma state using Naïve Bayes, Decision tree, and K-nearest neighbor classifiers. The efficiency of the segmentation strategy was measured using the Jaccard Index. We compared the classification results of our method with existing state-of-the-art approaches. The study demonstrates the efficacy of Automatic SnakeCut in accurately segmenting skin lesions, thereby enhancing the performance of subsequent classification tasks. The average F-score was 0.75 on the 2017 ISIC challenge training dataset of 100 images. Compared to other methods, this study’s findings reveal that the suggested method is highly accurate.
{"title":"Automatic Melanoma Skin Cancer Detection and Segmentation using Snakecut Algorithm","authors":"Dondapati Rajendra Dev, T. Sivaprakasam, K. Vijaya Kumar","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.35","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of melanoma skin cancer is crucial for effective treatment, and computer-aided diagnostic technologies offer promising advancements for dermatologists to make faster, more precise diagnoses of skin lesions. Segmenting skin lesions is a crucial first step towards automated Computer-Aided Diagnosis for skin cancer. This paper aims to use SnakeCut, a foreground extraction approach, to automatically segment skin lesions in HSV color space with little human interaction. Active contour (otherwise called Snake) and Improved GrabCut are the two popular methods. By decreasing the energy function of the related contour, the active contour acts as a deformable segmentation contour. Improved GrabCut uses updated iterated graph cuts to store color attributes used as segmentation signals in order to achieve foreground segmentation from close-by pixel similarities in its foreground segmentation algorithm. The proposed integrated solution, which is predicated on a probabilistic framework, is termed “SnakeCut.” We removed the outer black border using preprocessing. Later feature extraction is done using HOG and HSV and classifies the benign or melanoma state using Naïve Bayes, Decision tree, and K-nearest neighbor classifiers. The efficiency of the segmentation strategy was measured using the Jaccard Index. We compared the classification results of our method with existing state-of-the-art approaches. The study demonstrates the efficacy of Automatic SnakeCut in accurately segmenting skin lesions, thereby enhancing the performance of subsequent classification tasks. The average F-score was 0.75 on the 2017 ISIC challenge training dataset of 100 images. Compared to other methods, this study’s findings reveal that the suggested method is highly accurate.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"95 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.37
Z. Bachok, Abdullah Aziz Saad, Sana Zulfiqar, Aizat Abas, M. Shafiq, Muhammad Fadhirul Izwan Abdul Malik
Stretchable conductive inks have emerged as a key enabling technology for the development of flexible and wearable electronic devices. Silver nanoparticles are commonly incorporated into these inks to impart electrical conductivity while maintaining stretchability. However, the amount of silver in the ink formulation can significantly influence the structural integrity and mechanical performance of printed conductive inks. This study investigates the impact of different silver contents on the structural assessment of stretchable conductive ink. Three samples of conductive inks, each with a different silver concentration (40%, 60%, and 80%) were produced by combining a PDMS-OH binder, organic solvent, cross-linking agent, catalyst, viscosity controller, additives, and silver nanoparticles. The ink samples with varying silver concentrations are characterized using nanoindentation and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The electrical conductivity of the silver conductive ink was measured with a digital multimeter. Among the three samples, the optimal silver concentration for conductive ink formulation is 60%, which exhibits a hardness of 2.04 MPa and an elastic modulus of 32.9 MPa to balance mechanical elasticity with an electrical conductivity of 1.389x104 S/m. Increasing silver content reduces the ink's flexibility, making it more brittle and less stretchable, but it also boosts its conductivity. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the silver content in stretchable conductive inks for achieving robust structural integrity and reliable performance in flexible and stretchable electronics.
{"title":"Structural Assessment of Silver Conductive Ink using Nanoindentation","authors":"Z. Bachok, Abdullah Aziz Saad, Sana Zulfiqar, Aizat Abas, M. Shafiq, Muhammad Fadhirul Izwan Abdul Malik","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.37","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable conductive inks have emerged as a key enabling technology for the development of flexible and wearable electronic devices. Silver nanoparticles are commonly incorporated into these inks to impart electrical conductivity while maintaining stretchability. However, the amount of silver in the ink formulation can significantly influence the structural integrity and mechanical performance of printed conductive inks. This study investigates the impact of different silver contents on the structural assessment of stretchable conductive ink. Three samples of conductive inks, each with a different silver concentration (40%, 60%, and 80%) were produced by combining a PDMS-OH binder, organic solvent, cross-linking agent, catalyst, viscosity controller, additives, and silver nanoparticles. The ink samples with varying silver concentrations are characterized using nanoindentation and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The electrical conductivity of the silver conductive ink was measured with a digital multimeter. Among the three samples, the optimal silver concentration for conductive ink formulation is 60%, which exhibits a hardness of 2.04 MPa and an elastic modulus of 32.9 MPa to balance mechanical elasticity with an electrical conductivity of 1.389x104 S/m. Increasing silver content reduces the ink's flexibility, making it more brittle and less stretchable, but it also boosts its conductivity. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the silver content in stretchable conductive inks for achieving robust structural integrity and reliable performance in flexible and stretchable electronics.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.25
Sulukkana Noiprasert, V. Buttagat, Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn, Akarat Sivaphongthongchai, Parichart Hongsing
Stress is a common and often unavoidable aspect of daily life that can negatively impact the autonomic nervous system, which controls the functions of internal organs and glands. Chronic stress has been associated with an imbalance in autonomic nervous system function, leading to a range of health conditions. Acupuncture is a medical treatment modality that has been applied to health care in different dimensions including physical, mental, and spiritual. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupuncture on blood pressure, heart rate, and salivary cortisol level in mild stress university students, a population particularly vulnerable to stress. Twenty-eight university students were recruited and divided into two groups, a real acupuncture group and a sham acupuncture group. Heart rate, blood pressure, and salivary cortisol level were evaluated before and after a 30-minute acupuncture session on the ST36 acupoint. The results showed that the real acupuncture group had a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, whereas the sham acupuncture group showed no change. Both groups had a slightly decrease in salivary cortisol level with no statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference in the decrease of systolic blood pressure and heart rate after acupuncture between the two groups, but there was no significant difference between the groups in salivary cortisol level after acupuncture. The findings suggest that the acupuncture can be a valuable treatment for restoring balance to the symptoms of the autonomic nervous system in university students experiencing stress. A larger sample size, a non-intervention control, as well as different sources and times of cortisol collection, could contribute to the validation of the findings in this study.
{"title":"Effects of Acupuncture on Autonomic Nervous System Parameters and Salivary Cortisol Level Among Mental Stress University Students: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Sulukkana Noiprasert, V. Buttagat, Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn, Akarat Sivaphongthongchai, Parichart Hongsing","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.25","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is a common and often unavoidable aspect of daily life that can negatively impact the autonomic nervous system, which controls the functions of internal organs and glands. Chronic stress has been associated with an imbalance in autonomic nervous system function, leading to a range of health conditions. Acupuncture is a medical treatment modality that has been applied to health care in different dimensions including physical, mental, and spiritual. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupuncture on blood pressure, heart rate, and salivary cortisol level in mild stress university students, a population particularly vulnerable to stress. Twenty-eight university students were recruited and divided into two groups, a real acupuncture group and a sham acupuncture group. Heart rate, blood pressure, and salivary cortisol level were evaluated before and after a 30-minute acupuncture session on the ST36 acupoint. The results showed that the real acupuncture group had a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, whereas the sham acupuncture group showed no change. Both groups had a slightly decrease in salivary cortisol level with no statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference in the decrease of systolic blood pressure and heart rate after acupuncture between the two groups, but there was no significant difference between the groups in salivary cortisol level after acupuncture. The findings suggest that the acupuncture can be a valuable treatment for restoring balance to the symptoms of the autonomic nervous system in university students experiencing stress. A larger sample size, a non-intervention control, as well as different sources and times of cortisol collection, could contribute to the validation of the findings in this study.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"47 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141018295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.29
R. Wongsathan, I. Seedadan
This study addresses the critical objective of evaluating the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical lockdown measures implemented during COVID-19 outbreaks in Thailand. Assessing the outcome of these measures provides valuable insight that can inform and guide response to future outbreaks. Utilizing a closed-loop forecasting model built on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, the research focuses on achieving precise daily forecasts of COVID-19 cases. The methodology involves optimizing hyperparameters through grid-search and incorporating training data from other countries that implemented similar measures. The LSTM, configured with an optimal number of hidden processing units, utilizes past lagged data of daily infected cases as predictors to generate multi-step-ahead predicted values, which are subsequently used as predictors in a recursive approach. As a result, the predicted cases closely align with measured data, facilitating the estimation of the effective reproduction number (Reff) to assess the performance of lockdown measures. The effectiveness of the lockdown measures is quantified at different time intervals: 51%, 41%, and 23% one day after implementation, increasing to 84%, 98%, and 34% after one week, and reaching 96%, 99%, and 73% at the endpoint of the first, second, and fourth waves of infection, respectively. Throughout these waves, the final Reff remains below 1, indicating ongoing but controllable COVID-19, demonstrating the efficacy of the implemented lockdown measures. It is noted that these results are based on specific LSTM model, as the effectiveness of lockdown measures may vary with alternative modeling approaches. Therefore, the findings should be interpreted in the context of this LSTM-framework.
{"title":"Predictive Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic in Thailand: Evaluating Control Lockdown Measures using LSTM Networks","authors":"R. Wongsathan, I. Seedadan","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.29","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the critical objective of evaluating the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical lockdown measures implemented during COVID-19 outbreaks in Thailand. Assessing the outcome of these measures provides valuable insight that can inform and guide response to future outbreaks. Utilizing a closed-loop forecasting model built on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, the research focuses on achieving precise daily forecasts of COVID-19 cases. The methodology involves optimizing hyperparameters through grid-search and incorporating training data from other countries that implemented similar measures. The LSTM, configured with an optimal number of hidden processing units, utilizes past lagged data of daily infected cases as predictors to generate multi-step-ahead predicted values, which are subsequently used as predictors in a recursive approach. As a result, the predicted cases closely align with measured data, facilitating the estimation of the effective reproduction number (Reff) to assess the performance of lockdown measures. The effectiveness of the lockdown measures is quantified at different time intervals: 51%, 41%, and 23% one day after implementation, increasing to 84%, 98%, and 34% after one week, and reaching 96%, 99%, and 73% at the endpoint of the first, second, and fourth waves of infection, respectively. Throughout these waves, the final Reff remains below 1, indicating ongoing but controllable COVID-19, demonstrating the efficacy of the implemented lockdown measures. It is noted that these results are based on specific LSTM model, as the effectiveness of lockdown measures may vary with alternative modeling approaches. Therefore, the findings should be interpreted in the context of this LSTM-framework.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141021642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.32
Namfon Suebwongsa, Chamraj Kaewreamreuan, Panjamaporn Yotpanya, V. Lulitanond, M. Panya
Several bacterial genera, including Lactobacillus, have been evaluated for their beneficial effects in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the “probiotic” and “postbiotic” potential of three bacterial strains: Lactobacillus oris RCEID28-3, Limosilactobacillus fermentum RCEID23-2, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum RCEID47-7. Probiotics are defined as live bacterial cells, whereas postbiotics are inactivated or killed probiotics. Probiotic potential was evaluated by assessing the adhesion ability of the Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines, immunomodulatory effects, and cholesterol assimilation. Meanwhile, postbiotic potential was assessed by evaluating their immunomodulatory effects through measuring cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The human intestinal cell adhesion assay showed that all bacterial strains exhibited adhesion of more than 90% to both the Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines, except for L. oris RCEID28-3. The highest cell adhesion level was observed in L. fermentum RCEID47-7. The cytokine production assay revealed that probiotic and postbiotic strains stimulated the production of three cytokines: IL-10, IFN- γ, and TNF-α, in PBMCs with the different cytokines, indicating the strain-dependent property. Moreover, cholesterol assimilation by live probiotics showed that all the strains, especially L. fermentum RCEID47-7, could reduce cholesterol levels. Therefore, this study provides scientific evidence to support the possibility of applying probiotics and their inactivated forms (postbiotics) in humans in the near future.
{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the intestinal cell adhesion, immunomodulatory effect, and cholesterol assimilation of the potential probiotic and postbiotic isolated from healthy Thai children","authors":"Namfon Suebwongsa, Chamraj Kaewreamreuan, Panjamaporn Yotpanya, V. Lulitanond, M. Panya","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"Several bacterial genera, including Lactobacillus, have been evaluated for their beneficial effects in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the “probiotic” and “postbiotic” potential of three bacterial strains: Lactobacillus oris RCEID28-3, Limosilactobacillus fermentum RCEID23-2, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum RCEID47-7. Probiotics are defined as live bacterial cells, whereas postbiotics are inactivated or killed probiotics. Probiotic potential was evaluated by assessing the adhesion ability of the Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines, immunomodulatory effects, and cholesterol assimilation. Meanwhile, postbiotic potential was assessed by evaluating their immunomodulatory effects through measuring cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The human intestinal cell adhesion assay showed that all bacterial strains exhibited adhesion of more than 90% to both the Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines, except for L. oris RCEID28-3. The highest cell adhesion level was observed in L. fermentum RCEID47-7. The cytokine production assay revealed that probiotic and postbiotic strains stimulated the production of three cytokines: IL-10, IFN- γ, and TNF-α, in PBMCs with the different cytokines, indicating the strain-dependent property. Moreover, cholesterol assimilation by live probiotics showed that all the strains, especially L. fermentum RCEID47-7, could reduce cholesterol levels. Therefore, this study provides scientific evidence to support the possibility of applying probiotics and their inactivated forms (postbiotics) in humans in the near future.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.44
Netchanok Kaewjanta, Chompoonoot Kabkumba, S. Rungreangkulkij, Simon Rice
Previous studies have reported that males frequently suffer from major depression. However, due to the norms of masculine roles, in which emphasis is placed in displaying strength, invulnerability, and control, the ways that some men exhibit depression may differ from traditional diagnostic symptoms of major depressive disorder. To this end, the Male Depression Risk Scale (MDRS) has been developed in order to better identify those men, who experience low moods and are at risk for suicide. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Thai version of the MDRS (MDRS-TH). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 participants, who were recruited through social media (male N=300). The average age was 38.74 years. About half of the participants were married (51.5%). The majority identified themselves as Buddhist (94.66%) and had completed postgraduate education (31.16%). The samples had a variety of occupations, including farmer, employee, student, retired, own business, etc. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and criterion-related validity using Pearson's correlation. The overall analysis (N=600) found that the MDRS-TH was consistent with the empirical data (CFI=0.918, TLI=0.905, SRMR=0.05, and RMSEA=0.05). The final model consisted of 5 components: 1) emotional suppression, 2) alcohol use, 3) anger & aggression, 4) somatic symptoms, and 5) risk-taking behaviors. The internal consistency of the MDRS-TH total score was 0.89, and the correlation criterion-related validity with the PHQ-9 was r=0.77. The results supported the fact that the MDRS-TH is a useful screening tool. Utilizing the MDRS-TH in primary care settings may assist to identify those men who are at risk for male-specific symptoms of depression so that early identification and intervention can be facilitated. In future studies, the generalizability of the scale would be strengthened if efforts to improve cross-cultural validation involving different cultural groups in Thailand were prioritized.
{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Thai Male Depression Risk Scale (MDRS-TH)","authors":"Netchanok Kaewjanta, Chompoonoot Kabkumba, S. Rungreangkulkij, Simon Rice","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have reported that males frequently suffer from major depression. However, due to the norms of masculine roles, in which emphasis is placed in displaying strength, invulnerability, and control, the ways that some men exhibit depression may differ from traditional diagnostic symptoms of major depressive disorder. To this end, the Male Depression Risk Scale (MDRS) has been developed in order to better identify those men, who experience low moods and are at risk for suicide. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Thai version of the MDRS (MDRS-TH). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 participants, who were recruited through social media (male N=300). The average age was 38.74 years. About half of the participants were married (51.5%). The majority identified themselves as Buddhist (94.66%) and had completed postgraduate education (31.16%). The samples had a variety of occupations, including farmer, employee, student, retired, own business, etc. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and criterion-related validity using Pearson's correlation. The overall analysis (N=600) found that the MDRS-TH was consistent with the empirical data (CFI=0.918, TLI=0.905, SRMR=0.05, and RMSEA=0.05). The final model consisted of 5 components: 1) emotional suppression, 2) alcohol use, 3) anger & aggression, 4) somatic symptoms, and 5) risk-taking behaviors. The internal consistency of the MDRS-TH total score was 0.89, and the correlation criterion-related validity with the PHQ-9 was r=0.77. The results supported the fact that the MDRS-TH is a useful screening tool. Utilizing the MDRS-TH in primary care settings may assist to identify those men who are at risk for male-specific symptoms of depression so that early identification and intervention can be facilitated. In future studies, the generalizability of the scale would be strengthened if efforts to improve cross-cultural validation involving different cultural groups in Thailand were prioritized.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141018549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.40
Araya Sasiwilasakorn, Oraya Kwangsukstid
Pemphigus, an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies targeting desmoglein 1, desmoglein 3, and desmosomal cadherins, is characterized by blister formation and can be a long-term condition with the possibility of relapse. This study aimed to evaluate the remission rates and compare them between pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) at the Institute of Dermatology. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 426 patients diagnosed and treated at the Institute of Dermatology in Bangkok, Thailand, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2022, for PV and PF. Patients were followed up for 1, 2, and 5 years to assess complete remission using Consensus statement criteria. The remission rates for PV and PF were 3.3%, 17.5%, and 48.4% at 1, 2, and 5 years, and 7.9%, 33.1%, and 61.6% at the same intervals, respectively. PF demonstrated significantly higher remission rates compared to PV at all time points (p< .001). The average time to remission was 60 months for PV and 36 months for PF. Prognostic factors associated with complete remission included age, age at onset, control of underlying disease, disease severity, primary site of involvement, and initial mucosal involvement. In conclusion, the remission rates for PV and PF at five years were 48.4% and 61.6%, respectively. PF achieved complete remission more frequently than PV. Good control of underlying disease, absence of initial mucosal involvement, and mild disease severity were associated with better prognosis for both PV and PF.
{"title":"Remission Rate of Pemphigus Vulgaris and Pemphigus Foliaceus in the Institute of Dermatology: A 7 Years Retrospective Study","authors":"Araya Sasiwilasakorn, Oraya Kwangsukstid","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.40","url":null,"abstract":"Pemphigus, an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies targeting desmoglein 1, desmoglein 3, and desmosomal cadherins, is characterized by blister formation and can be a long-term condition with the possibility of relapse. This study aimed to evaluate the remission rates and compare them between pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) at the Institute of Dermatology. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 426 patients diagnosed and treated at the Institute of Dermatology in Bangkok, Thailand, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2022, for PV and PF. Patients were followed up for 1, 2, and 5 years to assess complete remission using Consensus statement criteria. The remission rates for PV and PF were 3.3%, 17.5%, and 48.4% at 1, 2, and 5 years, and 7.9%, 33.1%, and 61.6% at the same intervals, respectively. PF demonstrated significantly higher remission rates compared to PV at all time points (p< .001). The average time to remission was 60 months for PV and 36 months for PF. Prognostic factors associated with complete remission included age, age at onset, control of underlying disease, disease severity, primary site of involvement, and initial mucosal involvement. In conclusion, the remission rates for PV and PF at five years were 48.4% and 61.6%, respectively. PF achieved complete remission more frequently than PV. Good control of underlying disease, absence of initial mucosal involvement, and mild disease severity were associated with better prognosis for both PV and PF.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.36
Koranat Dechsri, C. Suwanchawalit, A. Apirakaramwong, Prasopchai Tonglairoum Patrojanasophon, T. Rojanarata, P. Opanasopit, Supusson Pengnam, Thapakorn Charoenying
Carbon dots (CDs) are among the famous nanoparticles that have been widely developed due to high biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of preparation, excellent photoluminescent properties, and outstanding application in biomedicine. Among the various biomedical activities of CDs, they can be applied as antibacterial agents because of their photodynamic properties. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered an alternative antibacterial agent because of its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects, especially in terms of improving antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria when compared with traditional antibiotics. In this research, we developed CDs from o-phenylenediamine (OP). The o-phenylenediamine CDs (OPCDs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method at 180°C for 3 h. After that, they revealed a spherical shape with a size range of 16.38 ± 2.64 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of OPCDs against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) for both light exposure and without light exposure groups were significantly greater than the OP solution because the OPCDs could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a photodynamic mechanism leading to the bacteria cell death. Therefore, the created OPCDs may have the capability to be utilized for treating skin infections caused mainly by S. aureus. In conclusion, OPCDs could be proposed as nanomaterials that enhance antibacterial activity and provide photodynamic properties.
{"title":"Photo-sensitive Antibacterial Activity of o-Phenylenediamine Carbon Dots","authors":"Koranat Dechsri, C. Suwanchawalit, A. Apirakaramwong, Prasopchai Tonglairoum Patrojanasophon, T. Rojanarata, P. Opanasopit, Supusson Pengnam, Thapakorn Charoenying","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.36","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dots (CDs) are among the famous nanoparticles that have been widely developed due to high biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of preparation, excellent photoluminescent properties, and outstanding application in biomedicine. Among the various biomedical activities of CDs, they can be applied as antibacterial agents because of their photodynamic properties. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered an alternative antibacterial agent because of its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects, especially in terms of improving antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria when compared with traditional antibiotics. In this research, we developed CDs from o-phenylenediamine (OP). The o-phenylenediamine CDs (OPCDs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method at 180°C for 3 h. After that, they revealed a spherical shape with a size range of 16.38 ± 2.64 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of OPCDs against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) for both light exposure and without light exposure groups were significantly greater than the OP solution because the OPCDs could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a photodynamic mechanism leading to the bacteria cell death. Therefore, the created OPCDs may have the capability to be utilized for treating skin infections caused mainly by S. aureus. In conclusion, OPCDs could be proposed as nanomaterials that enhance antibacterial activity and provide photodynamic properties.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"11 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141020811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.26
Nattapong Sanchan
Automatic text summarization is a sub-area in text mining in which a computer system determines the most informative information in the original text to produce a summary for certain jobs and users. In the development of the systems, one of the most important tasks is to evaluate the quality of summaries produced by the systems. Generally, the evaluation task becomes laborious, time-consuming, and expensive because it requires significant efforts on annotation tasks for humans to manually create reference summaries. Being able to generate automatic reference summaries would promote the development of summarization systems in term of speed and evaluation. In this paper, we proposed an Auto-Ref Summary Generation framework for automatically generating reference summaries used in the generic text summarization evaluation task, the Sliced Summary. Given a set of clusters from a cluster ground-truth label dataset, variants of BERT models were utilized for creating cluster representations. The automatic reference summaries were later generated through a centroid-based summarization approach. Overall, DistilBERT, ROBERTa, and SBERT have played crucial roles in automatic summary generation, achieving the highest ROUGE-1 score of 0.47060. However, this does not meet our expectation on text coherence and readability aspects. Although the summaries generated through our proposed framework could not be used as the replacement of the manual summaries, this study has shed new light on the acquisition of automatic reference summaries from a ground-truth label dataset.
{"title":"Comparative Study on Automated Reference Summary Generation using BERT Models and ROUGE Score Assessment","authors":"Nattapong Sanchan","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.26","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic text summarization is a sub-area in text mining in which a computer system determines the most informative information in the original text to produce a summary for certain jobs and users. In the development of the systems, one of the most important tasks is to evaluate the quality of summaries produced by the systems. Generally, the evaluation task becomes laborious, time-consuming, and expensive because it requires significant efforts on annotation tasks for humans to manually create reference summaries. Being able to generate automatic reference summaries would promote the development of summarization systems in term of speed and evaluation. In this paper, we proposed an Auto-Ref Summary Generation framework for automatically generating reference summaries used in the generic text summarization evaluation task, the Sliced Summary. Given a set of clusters from a cluster ground-truth label dataset, variants of BERT models were utilized for creating cluster representations. The automatic reference summaries were later generated through a centroid-based summarization approach. Overall, DistilBERT, ROBERTa, and SBERT have played crucial roles in automatic summary generation, achieving the highest ROUGE-1 score of 0.47060. However, this does not meet our expectation on text coherence and readability aspects. Although the summaries generated through our proposed framework could not be used as the replacement of the manual summaries, this study has shed new light on the acquisition of automatic reference summaries from a ground-truth label dataset.","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melasma is one of the most concerning pigmented skin conditions, especially in females. It can be influenced by sunlight, occupation, gender, and drug use, which can aggravate the disease. This split-face clinical trial assesses the effectiveness of picosecond laser in melasma treatment combined with topical azelaic acid compared with azelaic alone. The primary outcome of this study is the Hemi-MASI score, while the secondary outcome is demographic data, physicians' global assessment, patient satisfaction score, and adverse events. The study recruited twenty Thai females aged between 18 and 65 diagnosed with bilateral symmetrical malar-type melasma. The patients were treated with low fluence 1064-nm Nd:YAG picosecond laser three sessions every two weeks combined with topical azelaic acid twice daily on the right side of the face, whereas the left side was treated with topical azelaic acid twice daily alone for 16 weeks. The mean Hemi-MASI decrease is 3.52%, 9.38%, and 19.94% on the combination side, while there are 1.93%, 7.89%, and 16.73% at the 8th, 12th, and 16th, respectively in the topical azelaic alone side. There were no severe side effects from both picosecond laser and azelaic acid, and they can be relieved without treatment. Thus, the overall clinical result demonstrates the improvement as the patient satisfaction score is satisfied. Still, the mean Hemi-MASI score between the two sides is not statistically significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, combining the picosecond laser with azelaic acid alone in melasma treatment results in a better overall general outcome than the azelaic alone.
{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of 20% Azelaic Acid with 1064-nm Nd:YAG Picosecond Laser vs Azelaic Acid Alone for Melasma Treatment in Thai Female Patients: A Split-Face Study","authors":"Natthika Klaisung, Praneet Sajjachareonpong, Sirintip Thongkaow, Pattanan Dornphai, Tanongkiet Tienthavorn","doi":"10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59796/jcst.v14n2.2024.41","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Melasma is one of the most concerning pigmented skin conditions, especially in females. It can be influenced by sunlight, occupation, gender, and drug use, which can aggravate the disease. This split-face clinical trial assesses the effectiveness of picosecond laser in melasma treatment combined with topical azelaic acid compared with azelaic alone. The primary outcome of this study is the Hemi-MASI score, while the secondary outcome is demographic data, physicians' global assessment, patient satisfaction score, and adverse events. The study recruited twenty Thai females aged between 18 and 65 diagnosed with bilateral symmetrical malar-type melasma. The patients were treated with low fluence 1064-nm Nd:YAG picosecond laser three sessions every two weeks combined with topical azelaic acid twice daily on the right side of the face, whereas the left side was treated with topical azelaic acid twice daily alone for 16 weeks. The mean Hemi-MASI decrease is 3.52%, 9.38%, and 19.94% on the combination side, while there are 1.93%, 7.89%, and 16.73% at the 8th, 12th, and 16th, respectively in the topical azelaic alone side. There were no severe side effects from both picosecond laser and azelaic acid, and they can be relieved without treatment. Thus, the overall clinical result demonstrates the improvement as the patient satisfaction score is satisfied. Still, the mean Hemi-MASI score between the two sides is not statistically significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, combining the picosecond laser with azelaic acid alone in melasma treatment results in a better overall general outcome than the azelaic alone.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Science and Technology","volume":"22 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141020415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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