Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210119
Asmaa Al-Maietah, Hala Obeidat, H. Al-Oran
School health services are almost neglected due to minimized awareness concerning common health problems and first aid management. This study aims at evaluating the effect of a brief training program on improving knowledge and practices targeting first aid among students aged 13–15 years. With the use of the pretest-posttest design, this quasi-experimental study has been employed. One hundred and ten school students (13–15 years old) in three randomly selected schools have been allocated to a 4- session experimental condition. The dependent variables of this study are knowledge and practice evaluated at the baseline (pretest) and post-intervention. The analysis has yielded that respondents have sufficient knowledge after receiving the training program targeting first aid compared to the baseline. Additionally, the findings indicate that respondents have sufficient practice with first-aid post-intervention compared to the pretest. This study has also provided additional evidence that a 4-session training program is predictive of positive outcomes in improving knowledge and practice targeting future school students. Besides, this study has empirically supported the effectiveness and feasibility of the training program in improving knowledge and practice.
{"title":"Effect of brief training program on first aid knowledge and practice among students aged 13-15 years: a pre-post-test study","authors":"Asmaa Al-Maietah, Hala Obeidat, H. Al-Oran","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210119","url":null,"abstract":"School health services are almost neglected due to minimized awareness concerning common health problems and first aid management. This study aims at evaluating the effect of a brief training program on improving knowledge and practices targeting first aid among students aged 13–15 years. With the use of the pretest-posttest design, this quasi-experimental study has been employed. One hundred and ten school students (13–15 years old) in three randomly selected schools have been allocated to a 4- session experimental condition. The dependent variables of this study are knowledge and practice evaluated at the baseline (pretest) and post-intervention. The analysis has yielded that respondents have sufficient knowledge after receiving the training program targeting first aid compared to the baseline. Additionally, the findings indicate that respondents have sufficient practice with first-aid post-intervention compared to the pretest. This study has also provided additional evidence that a 4-session training program is predictive of positive outcomes in improving knowledge and practice targeting future school students. Besides, this study has empirically supported the effectiveness and feasibility of the training program in improving knowledge and practice.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83133157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210110
Nada Al Marzooqi, Laila AlJasmi, Badreya AlShehhi, Sawsan Alnahas, Mohamed Badi Hassan, Mohamed Zahran, M. Khalil
Influenza is considered a major health problem in the whole world today. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent infection and decrease mortality of lots of infectious diseases like influenza. The current COVID 19 pandemic has imposed a risk of coinfection by both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. The concern is that a more severe influenza season will overwhelm already strained health systems. This study aims at exploring the attitudes and beliefs related to vaccine uptake, and to identify the underlying barriers to the intention to get vaccinated. This is a cross sectional study. An anonymous electronic questionnaire was distributed. The questionnaire includes questions based on the context of the Health Belief Model. Chi-square test and regression analysis were applied to test the association between variables and the intention to vaccinate. A total of 7574 participants were included in the study. Females represented 57% of the respondents. Those who were 35-44 years, male, Emirati national, retired, married, graduates and with a previous history of taking the influenza vaccine were significantly associated with higher intentions to vaccinate. The perceived benefits, susceptibility and severity of the disease were motivators for taking the vaccine. Psychological and physical barriers were significantly affecting the intention to vaccinate. Protecting the family and community and recommendations by health care providers were the most important cues for action. Physical and psychological barriers to influenza vaccine uptake need to be addressed and tackled. The current study calls for attention to the importance of the role of health care providers’ recommendations for getting vaccinated.
{"title":"Determinants for receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Nada Al Marzooqi, Laila AlJasmi, Badreya AlShehhi, Sawsan Alnahas, Mohamed Badi Hassan, Mohamed Zahran, M. Khalil","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210110","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza is considered a major health problem in the whole world today. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent infection and decrease mortality of lots of infectious diseases like influenza. The current COVID 19 pandemic has imposed a risk of coinfection by both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. The concern is that a more severe influenza season will overwhelm already strained health systems. This study aims at exploring the attitudes and beliefs related to vaccine uptake, and to identify the underlying barriers to the intention to get vaccinated. This is a cross sectional study. An anonymous electronic questionnaire was distributed. The questionnaire includes questions based on the context of the Health Belief Model. Chi-square test and regression analysis were applied to test the association between variables and the intention to vaccinate. A total of 7574 participants were included in the study. Females represented 57% of the respondents. Those who were 35-44 years, male, Emirati national, retired, married, graduates and with a previous history of taking the influenza vaccine were significantly associated with higher intentions to vaccinate. The perceived benefits, susceptibility and severity of the disease were motivators for taking the vaccine. Psychological and physical barriers were significantly affecting the intention to vaccinate. Protecting the family and community and recommendations by health care providers were the most important cues for action. Physical and psychological barriers to influenza vaccine uptake need to be addressed and tackled. The current study calls for attention to the importance of the role of health care providers’ recommendations for getting vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85519681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children with delayed language development are long-term problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate behaviours and factors influencing parents’ behaviours to promote the language development of 1-3 years old children with delayed language in the 2nd Health Service Region in Thailand. The questionnaire consisted of 5 parts, 1) personal characteristics, 2) knowledge aspects, 3) perception aspects, 4) support reception aspects and 5) behaviours to promote language development. Researchers collected the data from 537 participants. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results of the study showed that the participants’ overall behaviour to promote language development was at the high level (94.41%). The most frequent practice in general behaviour was observing children’s gestures to communicate understanding (64.25%); in receptive language it was training children to follow simple instructions (97.21%); and in expressive language it was giving chances for children to make utterances (94.59%). The factors influencing parents’ behaviours to promote language development of 1-3-year-old children with delayed language development at the statistical significance level of 0.05 were the main caregiver, support from communities and social networks, perceived self-efficacy in language development promotion, ages of caregivers, genders of caregivers, support from families, support from the health service units, occupation as government or state enterprise officers, perceived barriers in language development promotion, and grandparents as caregivers. For recommendations, many factors can affect parents’ behaviours to promote the language development of 1-3-year-old children with delayed language development. Therefore, the health service units should study methods that should be appropriate to promote early childhood with delayed language development.
{"title":"Factors influencing parents’ behaviours to promote early childhood development of 1–3-year-old children with delayed language development in Thailand","authors":"Wanrichada Kittitongsophon, Artittaya Wangwonsin, Wutthichai Jariya","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210111","url":null,"abstract":"Children with delayed language development are long-term problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate behaviours and factors influencing parents’ behaviours to promote the language development of 1-3 years old children with delayed language in the 2nd Health Service Region in Thailand. The questionnaire consisted of 5 parts, 1) personal characteristics, 2) knowledge aspects, 3) perception aspects, 4) support reception aspects and 5) behaviours to promote language development. Researchers collected the data from 537 participants. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results of the study showed that the participants’ overall behaviour to promote language development was at the high level (94.41%). The most frequent practice in general behaviour was observing children’s gestures to communicate understanding (64.25%); in receptive language it was training children to follow simple instructions (97.21%); and in expressive language it was giving chances for children to make utterances (94.59%). The factors influencing parents’ behaviours to promote language development of 1-3-year-old children with delayed language development at the statistical significance level of 0.05 were the main caregiver, support from communities and social networks, perceived self-efficacy in language development promotion, ages of caregivers, genders of caregivers, support from families, support from the health service units, occupation as government or state enterprise officers, perceived barriers in language development promotion, and grandparents as caregivers. For recommendations, many factors can affect parents’ behaviours to promote the language development of 1-3-year-old children with delayed language development. Therefore, the health service units should study methods that should be appropriate to promote early childhood with delayed language development.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85820504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210116
E. Amu, P. Ajayi, O. Solomon, O. Odu
In Nigeria, cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. This study was conducted to determine women’s knowledge, perceptions and attitude to cervical cancer and its screening services in Iyin-Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria. A community-based, cross-sectional study was used. An interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 397 women of reproductive age who were recruited using the multistage sampling technique. SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis at univariate and bivariate levels. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05. Only 182 (45.8%) respondents were aware of cervical cancer. Among those aware, 78 (42.9%) had poor knowledge, and 85 (46.7%) had both poor perception and negative attitude toward cervical cancer screening. Age (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.001), ethnicity (p=0.001), religion (p=0.04), employment status (p=0.001), monthly income (p=0.001) and educational status (p=0.005) were associated with knowledge of cervical cancer. Religion (p=0.004) and monthly income (p=0.001) were associated with attitudes to cervical cancer screening. The study concluded that there is a huge gap in awareness level and knowledge level, with about half of the respondents showing poor perception and attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening among women of reproductive age group in this region. Community-based health education about cervical cancer and social mobilization for its screening is urgently required among women of reproductive age.
在尼日利亚，子宫颈癌是妇女发病和死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚西南部Iyin-Ekiti地区妇女对宫颈癌及其筛查服务的知识、认知和态度。采用以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术对397名育龄妇女进行了半结构化问卷调查。采用SPSS version 20进行单变量和双变量水平的统计分析。p值≤0.05，差异有统计学意义。只有182名受访者(45.8%)知道子宫颈癌。在知道的受访者中，78人(42.9%)对子宫颈癌筛查不甚了解，85人(46.7%)对子宫颈癌筛查既不了解又持否定态度。年龄(p=0.001)、婚姻状况(p=0.001)、种族(p=0.001)、宗教信仰(p=0.04)、就业状况(p=0.001)、月收入(p=0.001)、教育程度(p=0.005)与宫颈癌知识相关。宗教信仰(p=0.004)和月收入(p=0.001)与宫颈癌筛查态度有关。该研究的结论是，在认识水平和知识水平方面存在巨大差距，大约一半的受访者对该地区育龄妇女的宫颈癌及其筛查表现出较差的认识和态度。迫切需要在育龄妇女中开展以社区为基础的宫颈癌健康教育和动员社会进行宫颈癌筛查。
{"title":"Knowledge, perceptions and attitude of women about cervical cancer and its screening in Iyin Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Amu, P. Ajayi, O. Solomon, O. Odu","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210116","url":null,"abstract":"In Nigeria, cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. This study was conducted to determine women’s knowledge, perceptions and attitude to cervical cancer and its screening services in Iyin-Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria. A community-based, cross-sectional study was used. An interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 397 women of reproductive age who were recruited using the multistage sampling technique. SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis at univariate and bivariate levels. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05. Only 182 (45.8%) respondents were aware of cervical cancer. Among those aware, 78 (42.9%) had poor knowledge, and 85 (46.7%) had both poor perception and negative attitude toward cervical cancer screening. Age (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.001), ethnicity (p=0.001), religion (p=0.04), employment status (p=0.001), monthly income (p=0.001) and educational status (p=0.005) were associated with knowledge of cervical cancer. Religion (p=0.004) and monthly income (p=0.001) were associated with attitudes to cervical cancer screening. The study concluded that there is a huge gap in awareness level and knowledge level, with about half of the respondents showing poor perception and attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening among women of reproductive age group in this region. Community-based health education about cervical cancer and social mobilization for its screening is urgently required among women of reproductive age.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"2019 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87799312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210105
Kwansuda Cherdchoongarm
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have an impact on treatment costs and economic prosperity. Ten National Health Recommendations (NHRs) were announced by the Thai government in 1996 to promote the good health of children, adolescents, and the general public. Although regular practice of these recommendations should promote good health, the data from the Ministry of Health in 2015 shows that Thai children moderately following the NHR have higher health risk behaviors, potentially leading to obesity; a continually growing threat to Thai children, as well as increasing the risk of Type 2 diabetes and NCDs in adults. This research aims to study the promotion of good health by parents of students in primary schools in Bangkok under the NHRs and the relating factors. This study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method is descriptive-comparative research conducted on the health promotion behavior of parents and children in three groups. These consist of schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission (OBEC), the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), and the Office of the Private Education Commission (OPEC). Multi-stage and stratified sampling are used to select 1,043 participants from eight schools in Bangkok, while the statistical analysis is conducted by one-way ANOVA. The qualitative method uses in-depth interviews with 12 parents and six school directors. According to the results, the health behavior of parents and students from the three schools showed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level. In terms of health promotion, students with higher scores relating to NHRs on the questionnaire had parents with better health behavior than those with lower scores. The NHRs are used to organize knowledge-sharing sessions in schools.
{"title":"Parental and children’s health behavior stemming from the Thai national health recommendations in Bangkok","authors":"Kwansuda Cherdchoongarm","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210105","url":null,"abstract":"Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have an impact on treatment costs and economic prosperity. Ten National Health Recommendations (NHRs) were announced by the Thai government in 1996 to promote the good health of children, adolescents, and the general public. Although regular practice of these recommendations should promote good health, the data from the Ministry of Health in 2015 shows that Thai children moderately following the NHR have higher health risk behaviors, potentially leading to obesity; a continually growing threat to Thai children, as well as increasing the risk of Type 2 diabetes and NCDs in adults. This research aims to study the promotion of good health by parents of students in primary schools in Bangkok under the NHRs and the relating factors. This study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method is descriptive-comparative research conducted on the health promotion behavior of parents and children in three groups. These consist of schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission (OBEC), the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), and the Office of the Private Education Commission (OPEC). Multi-stage and stratified sampling are used to select 1,043 participants from eight schools in Bangkok, while the statistical analysis is conducted by one-way ANOVA. The qualitative method uses in-depth interviews with 12 parents and six school directors. According to the results, the health behavior of parents and students from the three schools showed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level. In terms of health promotion, students with higher scores relating to NHRs on the questionnaire had parents with better health behavior than those with lower scores. The NHRs are used to organize knowledge-sharing sessions in schools.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77663239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
WHO recommends washing hands frequently, staying away from crowds, maintaining a safe distance, wearing masks, applying cough and sneeze ethics, as well as keeping the sick isolated and quarantining those in close contact to prevent Covid-19 transmission. The efforts to prevent the transmission of new cases during the adaptation to the new habits with the implementation of strict health protocols need massive enforcement. It was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in East Java with 1,564 participants involved by simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable was preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. The independent variables included attitudes, knowledge, family support, and health worker support. The data were collected by using a questionnaire and analyzed with multiple linear regression. The study demonstrated that attitudes (B= 0.07, SE= 0.04, p= 0.034), knowledge (B= 0.08, SE= 0.04, p= 0.050), family support (B= 0.12, SE= 0.05, p= 0.012), and health workers support (B= 0.37, SE= 0.03, p<0.001) increase the preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. The value of R2 = 0.388, marked that the variables of knowledge, family support, and health worker support simultaneously pose an influence of 38.8% on preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. While the remaining 61.2% was influenced by other variables not examined.
{"title":"Identifying the Factors Affecting Preventive Behavior against Covid-19 Transmission in East Java Indonesia","authors":"Prima Soultoni Akbar, Reny Nugraheni, Santy Irene Putri, Artha Budi Susila Duarsa","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210118","url":null,"abstract":"WHO recommends washing hands frequently, staying away from crowds, maintaining a safe distance, wearing masks, applying cough and sneeze ethics, as well as keeping the sick isolated and quarantining those in close contact to prevent Covid-19 transmission. The efforts to prevent the transmission of new cases during the adaptation to the new habits with the implementation of strict health protocols need massive enforcement. It was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in East Java with 1,564 participants involved by simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable was preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. The independent variables included attitudes, knowledge, family support, and health worker support. The data were collected by using a questionnaire and analyzed with multiple linear regression. The study demonstrated that attitudes (B= 0.07, SE= 0.04, p= 0.034), knowledge (B= 0.08, SE= 0.04, p= 0.050), family support (B= 0.12, SE= 0.05, p= 0.012), and health workers support (B= 0.37, SE= 0.03, p<0.001) increase the preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. The value of R2 = 0.388, marked that the variables of knowledge, family support, and health worker support simultaneously pose an influence of 38.8% on preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. While the remaining 61.2% was influenced by other variables not examined.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80628744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210117
Kholisotul Hikmah, H. -, A. Adisasmita, Woro Riyadina, Dewi Kristanti
A higher level of physical activity is widely recommended for the prevention of several Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and leads to a reduction of blood pressure in resistant hypertension as well. This study aimed to measure the estimated effect of altered physical activity on hypertension over the course of three years of observation. This longitudinal study was conducted on 3109 adults at baseline using The Cohort Study of NCDs Risk Factors. The investigation was conducted through interviews, self-reports and observations. Data were analyzed using the Generalized Estimating Equation. The results show that the highest proportion of hypertension based on observation time occurred among those with low physical activity and experienced a delta change of less than 100 MET-min/week, which was 24% at the third follow-up. The risk of hypertension was higher among those with low physical activity and unchanged in the second (RR=1,642; 0,922 – 8,224) and third years of follow-up (RR=3,607; 95% CI: 0,923 – 7,993) compared to those who had moderate-vigorous activity. A longer follow-up period led to higher risk estimation. Given the significant impact of inactivity, regular physical activity should therefore be recommended for all individuals at risk of hypertension, including office workers. A firm policy is needed to encourage workplace physical activity breaks, in both government and private sectors.
{"title":"The effect of altered physical activity on hypertension: a longitudinal study in Indonesia","authors":"Kholisotul Hikmah, H. -, A. Adisasmita, Woro Riyadina, Dewi Kristanti","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210117","url":null,"abstract":"A higher level of physical activity is widely recommended for the prevention of several Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and leads to a reduction of blood pressure in resistant hypertension as well. This study aimed to measure the estimated effect of altered physical activity on hypertension over the course of three years of observation. This longitudinal study was conducted on 3109 adults at baseline using The Cohort Study of NCDs Risk Factors. The investigation was conducted through interviews, self-reports and observations. Data were analyzed using the Generalized Estimating Equation. The results show that the highest proportion of hypertension based on observation time occurred among those with low physical activity and experienced a delta change of less than 100 MET-min/week, which was 24% at the third follow-up. The risk of hypertension was higher among those with low physical activity and unchanged in the second (RR=1,642; 0,922 – 8,224) and third years of follow-up (RR=3,607; 95% CI: 0,923 – 7,993) compared to those who had moderate-vigorous activity. A longer follow-up period led to higher risk estimation. Given the significant impact of inactivity, regular physical activity should therefore be recommended for all individuals at risk of hypertension, including office workers. A firm policy is needed to encourage workplace physical activity breaks, in both government and private sectors.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76254992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210108
Faojia Sultana, P. Mondal, MD Enayetullah Anqur, Md Sazid Imtiaz, Ashik Mohammad Amanullah, S. Shimul
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the frontline physicians to a greater risk of getting infected, tremendous workload, and drastic changes in their work environment, leading to an increased prevalence of depression among doctors from many countries, including Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to examine the association of various personal, professional and psychosocial factors with different degrees of depressive symptoms among the frontline doctors of Bangladesh working during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted for that purpose and data were collected from 312 doctors working in Bangladeshi hospitals using a self-administered survey questionnaire inclusive of a validated tool (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Among the participants, around half were of age 30-34 years (51.3%), 81.8% worked in public hospitals and 70.5% did not have any comorbidity. Regarding workplace conditions, 77% of the doctors reported a perceived shortage of healthcare providers at their workplace, while 95% reported a perceived shortage of equipment, most commonly N95 masks (49%), gowns (35%), eye-protective shields (35%). A total of 199 (63.8%) participants received formal training since the beginning of the pandemic. According to the response from PHQ-9 questionnaire, 17 (5%) participants reported having no depression, while 18 (6%), 18 (6%), 25 (8%), and 234 (75%) reported having mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression. Findings from multiple logistic regression showed the odds of moderate-to-severe depression to be higher among physicians with comorbidities (OR:7.47, CI: 1.27-43.89, P: 0.026) and those who felt extremely worried from looking at negative news on social/mass media (aOR: 15.180, CI:1.98-116.683, P: 0.009). To preserve and promote the psychological well-being of Bangladeshi doctors, it is, therefore, crucial to take these identified sources and risk factors of depression under sincere consideration by the responsible authorities and appropriate measures should be designed to remove these sources of depression to better support the physicians of the country.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210101
M. Belošević
Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood during which many physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes take place, characterized by an increasing interest in romantic and sexual relationships. During adolescence, young people enter into their first sexual partnerships. This may involve behaviors referred to as sexual risk behaviors. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors and to determine whether socio-demographic characteristics and school-related behaviors contribute to sexual risk behaviors among adolescents, independent of participation in SLA. The study was conducted from April to June 2021 in Croatia. The sample consisted only of students who reported having had sexual intercourse (N=702; 28.6%). Participants were between 14 and 21 years (46.3% female). Logistic analyses were conducted. The results of this study showed that socio-demographic characteristics make only a limited contribution to the sexual risk behaviors studied. However, it is evident that school-related behaviors are associated with sexual risk behaviors among adolescents, with slight differences depending on their participation in SLA. That is, better grades are a protective factor for sexual risk behavior for both those who do not participate in SLA and those who do, while intentionally skipping school is a risk factor for sexual risk behavior only for those who do participate in SLA. Even though the results show that some school-related behaviors are predictors of sexual risk behavior, it is not enough to implement preventive interventions only in school or leisure settings. It is important to intervene in all areas that influence adolescent development, because a comprehensive preventive approach that addresses all areas can have a greater impact on adolescent development. Therefore, it is necessary to plan comprehensive, evidence-based interventions targeting individuals and their environments, including SLA, to prevent sexual risk behaviors among adolescents.
{"title":"Adolescent sexual risk behaviors and participation in structured leisure activities (SLA): Role of socio-demographic characteristics and school-related behaviors","authors":"M. Belošević","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210101","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood during which many physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes take place, characterized by an increasing interest in romantic and sexual relationships. During adolescence, young people enter into their first sexual partnerships. This may involve behaviors referred to as sexual risk behaviors. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors and to determine whether socio-demographic characteristics and school-related behaviors contribute to sexual risk behaviors among adolescents, independent of participation in SLA. The study was conducted from April to June 2021 in Croatia. The sample consisted only of students who reported having had sexual intercourse (N=702; 28.6%). Participants were between 14 and 21 years (46.3% female). Logistic analyses were conducted. The results of this study showed that socio-demographic characteristics make only a limited contribution to the sexual risk behaviors studied. However, it is evident that school-related behaviors are associated with sexual risk behaviors among adolescents, with slight differences depending on their participation in SLA. That is, better grades are a protective factor for sexual risk behavior for both those who do not participate in SLA and those who do, while intentionally skipping school is a risk factor for sexual risk behavior only for those who do participate in SLA. Even though the results show that some school-related behaviors are predictors of sexual risk behavior, it is not enough to implement preventive interventions only in school or leisure settings. It is important to intervene in all areas that influence adolescent development, because a comprehensive preventive approach that addresses all areas can have a greater impact on adolescent development. Therefore, it is necessary to plan comprehensive, evidence-based interventions targeting individuals and their environments, including SLA, to prevent sexual risk behaviors among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84942102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.55131/jphd/2023/210107
Muhamad Anismuslim, H. Pramoedyo, S. Andarini, Sudarto -
Stunting is a fundamental problem in Indonesia's human development. The risk factors for stunting are very complex, including inadequate environmental sanitation. This study aims to analyze and map the influence of spatially correlated sanitation risk on the incidence of stunting toddlers in Malang Regency, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out by interviewing respondents using questionnaires, counting stunting toddlers, and observing environmental sanitation objects. Determination of respondents was done purposively with the following stages. First, at the village level, 75 sites were selected based on the following criteria: population density; poverty level; the presence of streams, drainage or irrigation canals; and flood vulnerability. Furthermore, in each village, 40 respondents were selected based on the following criteria: women aged between 18 to 65 years, came from poor families and had a child (or children). When the number of respondents who were willing to participate is less than 40 people in each village, they were replaced by other respondents based on recommendations from village officials. A total of 3000 respondents have participated in this study. The selected respondents include wives, dependent married women or widows. The spatial analysis approach was carried out using the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) method. Based on the results of the analysis of the spatial effect of the GWR model, the Sanitation Risk Factors that significantly affected the incidence of stunting in Malang Regency were; Environmental Drainage (greywater), Solid Waste, and Domestic Wastewater (black water). Clean and Healthy Lifestyles and Water Sources have less effect on sanitation risk. This study recommends government and public interventions to improve environmental sanitation including integrated waste management, improvement of drainage infrastructure, construction of standardized toilets, and carrying out health promotion efforts with education to increase public awareness.
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