首页 > 最新文献

Farmakoekonomika最新文献

英文 中文
An economic evaluation of pre-dialysis stage of chronic kidney disease 慢性肾脏疾病透析前阶段的经济评价
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.100
E. I. Rumiantseva, M. Avxentyeva
Objective: to review clinical and economic studies on the pre-dialysis stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the cost-effectiveness of medical interventions used to detect CKD and prevent its progression.Material and methods. Articles were collected from the bibliographic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and eLibrary for 2010–2020. Keywords for the search: ‘chronic kidney disease (CKD)’, ‘cost-effectiveness’, ‘economic evaluation’, ‘economic burden’, ‘cost’, ‘healthcare’. After the selection and elimination of the repeated articles, we reviewed 36 Russian and foreign studies on the economic burden of CKD and the clinical and economic effectiveness of various medical interventions of the CKD pre-dialysis stage.Results. We found 21 studies on the economic burden of CKD. A significant part of them (n=6) was performed in the United States.The methodology for assessing the economic burden varied significantly from study to study. Studies on medical interventions at the CKD predialysis stage can be divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=9) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of screening programs; Group 2 (n=3) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of nephroprotectors and other drugs that slow down the course of CKD; and Group 3 (n=3) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of multidisciplinary care. We concluded on the clinical and economic feasibility of most interventions that were used to detect CKD and prevent its progression.Conclusion. We did not find any scientific data that could currently serve as a justification for the clinical and economic feasibility of CKD control programs in the Russian Federation. At the same time, studies conducted in foreign countries on the screening for CKD and some interventions aimed at slowing the progression of CKD suggest that in the Russian Federation, such approaches can be justified not only clinically, but also economically. It is necessary to conduct domestic research on the clinical and economic feasibility of interventions aimed at identifying and treating CKD at an early stage.
目的:回顾慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)透析前阶段的临床和经济学研究,以及用于检测CKD和预防其进展的医疗干预的成本效益。材料和方法。文章收集自PubMed、Cochrane Library和Library 2010-2020年的书目数据库。搜索关键词:“慢性肾脏疾病”、“成本效益”、“经济评估”、“经济负担”、“成本”、“医疗保健”。在筛选和剔除重复文章后,我们回顾了36篇俄罗斯和国外关于CKD经济负担以及CKD透析前阶段各种医疗干预的临床和经济效果的研究。我们发现了21项关于慢性肾病经济负担的研究。其中很大一部分(n=6)是在美国进行的。评估经济负担的方法因研究而异。CKD透析前阶段的医学干预研究可分为三组:第一组(n=9)——筛查方案的临床和经济效果研究;第2组(n=3) -肾脏保护剂和其他药物延缓CKD病程的临床和经济有效性研究;第三组(n=3) -多学科治疗的临床和经济效果研究。我们总结了大多数用于检测CKD并预防其进展的干预措施的临床和经济可行性。我们目前没有发现任何科学数据可以作为俄罗斯联邦CKD控制项目临床和经济可行性的理由。与此同时,国外关于CKD筛查和一些旨在减缓CKD进展的干预措施的研究表明,在俄罗斯联邦,这些方法不仅在临床上是合理的,而且在经济上也是合理的。国内有必要开展旨在早期识别和治疗CKD的干预措施的临床和经济可行性研究。
{"title":"An economic evaluation of pre-dialysis stage of chronic kidney disease","authors":"E. I. Rumiantseva, M. Avxentyeva","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.100","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to review clinical and economic studies on the pre-dialysis stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the cost-effectiveness of medical interventions used to detect CKD and prevent its progression.Material and methods. Articles were collected from the bibliographic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and eLibrary for 2010–2020. Keywords for the search: ‘chronic kidney disease (CKD)’, ‘cost-effectiveness’, ‘economic evaluation’, ‘economic burden’, ‘cost’, ‘healthcare’. After the selection and elimination of the repeated articles, we reviewed 36 Russian and foreign studies on the economic burden of CKD and the clinical and economic effectiveness of various medical interventions of the CKD pre-dialysis stage.Results. We found 21 studies on the economic burden of CKD. A significant part of them (n=6) was performed in the United States.The methodology for assessing the economic burden varied significantly from study to study. Studies on medical interventions at the CKD predialysis stage can be divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=9) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of screening programs; Group 2 (n=3) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of nephroprotectors and other drugs that slow down the course of CKD; and Group 3 (n=3) – studies on the clinical and economic effectiveness of multidisciplinary care. We concluded on the clinical and economic feasibility of most interventions that were used to detect CKD and prevent its progression.Conclusion. We did not find any scientific data that could currently serve as a justification for the clinical and economic feasibility of CKD control programs in the Russian Federation. At the same time, studies conducted in foreign countries on the screening for CKD and some interventions aimed at slowing the progression of CKD suggest that in the Russian Federation, such approaches can be justified not only clinically, but also economically. It is necessary to conduct domestic research on the clinical and economic feasibility of interventions aimed at identifying and treating CKD at an early stage.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91300058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 转移性结直肠癌治疗效果的药物经济学评价
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.081
Y. Petukhova, E. Eliseeva, M. Volkov, O. Li, A. Petukhova
Objective: to perform a pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the effectiveness of therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on real practical data on medical help for patients with this disease.Material and methods. The authors performed a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis and the calculation of resource consumption in the application of several options of chemotherapy for mCRC: FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOXIRI; targeted therapy: FOLFOX + bevacizumab, FOLFOX + panitumumab, FOLFIRI + cetuximab, FOLFIRI + aflibercept, regorafenib monotherapy.Results. The cost-effectiveness parameter, calculated as a ratio of the cost of therapy to the median survival without progression, for chemotherapeutic schemes varied from 108 to 167 thousand rubles and for the targeted therapy schemes – from 223 to 930 thousand rubles. The calculation of resource consumption showed that in the case of a limited budget, 100% of patients can be treated by FOLFOX scheme, or 26% of patients by FOLFOX + panitumumab, or 47% of patients by FOLFOX + bevacizumab; and 100% of patients by FOLFIRI scheme or 11.5% of patients by FOLFIRI + cetuximab (aflibercept). Besides, it was established that in the case of a similar budget, 100% of patients with mCRC can be treated by chemotherapy schemes or a limited number of patients with regorafenib.Conclusion. The cost of targeted therapy significantly exceeds the cost of chemotherapeutic schemes. Still, considering the gross domestic product per capita in the Russian Federation, they can be an economically feasible investment and the optimum option of therapy
目的:基于对转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)患者的医疗帮助的真实实际数据,对治疗方法的有效性进行药物经济学评价。材料和方法。作者进行了成本-效果比较分析,并计算了几种mCRC化疗方案的资源消耗:FOLFOX、FOLFIRI和FOLFOXIRI;靶向治疗:FOLFOX +贝伐单抗、FOLFOX +帕尼单抗、FOLFIRI +西妥昔单抗、FOLFIRI +阿非利赛普、瑞非尼单药。以治疗费用与无进展中位生存期之比计算的成本效益参数,化疗方案从108万卢布到167万卢布不等,目标治疗方案从223万卢布到93万卢布不等。资源消耗计算表明,在预算有限的情况下,FOLFOX方案可治疗100%的患者,FOLFOX +帕尼单抗可治疗26%的患者,FOLFOX +贝伐单抗可治疗47%的患者;100%的患者使用FOLFIRI方案或11.5%的患者使用FOLFIRI +西妥昔单抗(阿夫利西普)。此外,在预算相似的情况下,100%的mCRC患者可以接受化疗方案或有限数量的reorafenib治疗。靶向治疗的费用大大超过化疗方案的费用。然而,考虑到俄罗斯联邦的人均国内生产总值,它们可以是一项经济上可行的投资和最佳的治疗选择
{"title":"Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer","authors":"Y. Petukhova, E. Eliseeva, M. Volkov, O. Li, A. Petukhova","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.081","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to perform a pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the effectiveness of therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on real practical data on medical help for patients with this disease.Material and methods. The authors performed a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis and the calculation of resource consumption in the application of several options of chemotherapy for mCRC: FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOXIRI; targeted therapy: FOLFOX + bevacizumab, FOLFOX + panitumumab, FOLFIRI + cetuximab, FOLFIRI + aflibercept, regorafenib monotherapy.Results. The cost-effectiveness parameter, calculated as a ratio of the cost of therapy to the median survival without progression, for chemotherapeutic schemes varied from 108 to 167 thousand rubles and for the targeted therapy schemes – from 223 to 930 thousand rubles. The calculation of resource consumption showed that in the case of a limited budget, 100% of patients can be treated by FOLFOX scheme, or 26% of patients by FOLFOX + panitumumab, or 47% of patients by FOLFOX + bevacizumab; and 100% of patients by FOLFIRI scheme or 11.5% of patients by FOLFIRI + cetuximab (aflibercept). Besides, it was established that in the case of a similar budget, 100% of patients with mCRC can be treated by chemotherapy schemes or a limited number of patients with regorafenib.Conclusion. The cost of targeted therapy significantly exceeds the cost of chemotherapeutic schemes. Still, considering the gross domestic product per capita in the Russian Federation, they can be an economically feasible investment and the optimum option of therapy","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"166 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83671448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modern achievements in pharmacotherapy of osteoarthritis based on endo- and phenotyping 基于内分型和表型的骨关节炎药物治疗的现代成果
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.105
I. Sarvilina, O. A. Shavlovskaya, O. Gromova, A. Naumov, M. Sharov, Yu. S. Prokofyeva
The review of medical literature is devoted to modern data in the field of diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis using endo- and phenotyping. It includes the latest data on the epidemiology of osteoarthritis of different localizations, modern definitions and classifications of osteoarthritis endotypes and phenotypes, pathobiochemical patterns and pathomorphological parallels of disease phenotypes, new methodological approaches to the phenotyping of osteoarthritis (prognostic, prescriptive phenotyping, alternative methods), as well as modern advances in pharmacotherapy of the disease based on data from selected randomized controlled trials and meta-analyzes.
医学文献的回顾是专门在诊断和治疗领域的骨关节炎使用内和表型的现代数据。它包括不同部位骨关节炎流行病学的最新数据,骨关节炎内型和表型的现代定义和分类,疾病表型的病理生化模式和病理形态学相似性,骨关节炎表型的新方法(预后,规定性表型,替代方法),以及基于随机对照试验和荟萃分析数据的疾病药物治疗的现代进展。
{"title":"Modern achievements in pharmacotherapy of osteoarthritis based on endo- and phenotyping","authors":"I. Sarvilina, O. A. Shavlovskaya, O. Gromova, A. Naumov, M. Sharov, Yu. S. Prokofyeva","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.105","url":null,"abstract":"The review of medical literature is devoted to modern data in the field of diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis using endo- and phenotyping. It includes the latest data on the epidemiology of osteoarthritis of different localizations, modern definitions and classifications of osteoarthritis endotypes and phenotypes, pathobiochemical patterns and pathomorphological parallels of disease phenotypes, new methodological approaches to the phenotyping of osteoarthritis (prognostic, prescriptive phenotyping, alternative methods), as well as modern advances in pharmacotherapy of the disease based on data from selected randomized controlled trials and meta-analyzes.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76980684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The concept of syndromic diagnoses of osteoarthritis and back pain as a cause of therapy failure 骨关节炎和背部疼痛的综合征诊断的概念是治疗失败的原因
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.104
M. Putilina, N. Teplova, O. S. Gerasimova
Osteoarthritis is considered a peripheral joint disease and is often ignored when discussing the prevalence and treatment of back pain. Traditionally, clinical guidelines from various countries are devoted to the treatment of nonspecific back pain (lower back pain), although this diagnosis is syndromic and is absent in ICD-10. Therefore, in real clinical practice, such diagnoses as osteochondrosis and dorsopathy simultaneously exist. The treatment strategies for back pain do not take into account chronic inflammation directly related to pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which makes drug therapy ineffective. It is advisable from the first days of therapy to choose parenteral forms from the group of symptomatic slow-acting drugs containing chondroitin sulfate (Chondroguard®), which will accelerate the onset of the analgesic effect and increase the effectiveness of pathogenetic therapy.
骨关节炎被认为是一种外周关节疾病,在讨论背痛的患病率和治疗时往往被忽视。传统上,各国的临床指南都致力于治疗非特异性背部疼痛(下背部疼痛),尽管这种诊断是综合征性的,在ICD-10中没有。因此,在实际的临床实践中,骨软骨病和脊柱病等诊断同时存在。背痛的治疗策略没有考虑到与促炎细胞因子和氧化应激直接相关的慢性炎症,这使得药物治疗无效。建议从治疗的第一天开始,从含有硫酸软骨素(Chondroguard®)的对症缓效药物组中选择肠外形式,这将加速镇痛效果的起效,增加病理治疗的有效性。
{"title":"The concept of syndromic diagnoses of osteoarthritis and back pain as a cause of therapy failure","authors":"M. Putilina, N. Teplova, O. S. Gerasimova","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.104","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis is considered a peripheral joint disease and is often ignored when discussing the prevalence and treatment of back pain. Traditionally, clinical guidelines from various countries are devoted to the treatment of nonspecific back pain (lower back pain), although this diagnosis is syndromic and is absent in ICD-10. Therefore, in real clinical practice, such diagnoses as osteochondrosis and dorsopathy simultaneously exist. The treatment strategies for back pain do not take into account chronic inflammation directly related to pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which makes drug therapy ineffective. It is advisable from the first days of therapy to choose parenteral forms from the group of symptomatic slow-acting drugs containing chondroitin sulfate (Chondroguard®), which will accelerate the onset of the analgesic effect and increase the effectiveness of pathogenetic therapy.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81347214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the application of strong opioids for the treatment of chronic pain syndrome in patients with pancreatic cancer 强阿片类药物治疗胰腺癌患者慢性疼痛综合征的药物经济学分析
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.080
O. Bobrova, S. K. Zyryanov, N. Shnayder, M. Petrova
Objective: to evaluate the clinical and economic feasibility of opioid therapy based on the analysis of its cost and effectiveness in patients with chronic pain syndrome in pancreatic cancer.Material and methods. An observational prospective study in parallel groups of patients with chronic pain syndrome associated with pancreatic cancer was carried out. The analysis of cost minimization and cost-effectiveness was applied, as well as pharmacoeconomic modeling, which included the construction of a decision tree in patients receiving morphine sulfate (n=45) and fentanyl TTS (n=45) for pain relief. The sensitivity of the obtained data was assessed using one-way analysis.Results. It was shown that the treatment of chronic pain syndrome in patients with pancreatic cancer with opioid analgesics as part of combined treatment is the least expensive in the morphine sulfate group (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 144.93). Based on the results of modeling, the prognostic factors of influence on the cost of analgesic therapy were determined: the cost of combined analgesic therapy, the cost of treatment of adverse reactions, and the cost-effectiveness ratio.Conclusion. Analgesic therapy of chronic pain syndrome with morphine sulfate in patients with pancreatic cancer is pharmacoeconomically feasible.
目的:在分析胰腺癌慢性疼痛综合征患者阿片类药物治疗成本和效果的基础上,评价阿片类药物治疗的临床和经济可行性。材料和方法。一项观察性前瞻性研究在平行组患者慢性疼痛综合征与胰腺癌进行。应用成本最小化和成本效益分析,以及药物经济学模型,其中包括在接受硫酸吗啡(n=45)和芬太尼TTS (n=45)缓解疼痛的患者中构建决策树。所得数据的敏感性采用单因素分析进行评估。结果表明,阿片类镇痛药作为联合治疗的一部分治疗胰腺癌慢性疼痛综合征是硫酸吗啡组中最便宜的(增量成本-效果比为144.93)。根据建模结果,确定影响镇痛治疗成本的预后因素:联合镇痛治疗成本、不良反应治疗成本和成本-效果比。硫酸吗啡镇痛治疗胰腺癌慢性疼痛综合征在药物经济上是可行的。
{"title":"Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the application of strong opioids for the treatment of chronic pain syndrome in patients with pancreatic cancer","authors":"O. Bobrova, S. K. Zyryanov, N. Shnayder, M. Petrova","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.080","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to evaluate the clinical and economic feasibility of opioid therapy based on the analysis of its cost and effectiveness in patients with chronic pain syndrome in pancreatic cancer.Material and methods. An observational prospective study in parallel groups of patients with chronic pain syndrome associated with pancreatic cancer was carried out. The analysis of cost minimization and cost-effectiveness was applied, as well as pharmacoeconomic modeling, which included the construction of a decision tree in patients receiving morphine sulfate (n=45) and fentanyl TTS (n=45) for pain relief. The sensitivity of the obtained data was assessed using one-way analysis.Results. It was shown that the treatment of chronic pain syndrome in patients with pancreatic cancer with opioid analgesics as part of combined treatment is the least expensive in the morphine sulfate group (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 144.93). Based on the results of modeling, the prognostic factors of influence on the cost of analgesic therapy were determined: the cost of combined analgesic therapy, the cost of treatment of adverse reactions, and the cost-effectiveness ratio.Conclusion. Analgesic therapy of chronic pain syndrome with morphine sulfate in patients with pancreatic cancer is pharmacoeconomically feasible.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82300374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pharmacoeconomic aspects of COVID-19 treatment COVID-19治疗的药物经济学方面
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.086
I. V. Rogova, E. Zhidkova, I. A. Popova, A. V. Zaborovskiy, K. Gurevich
The article provides an overview of global trends in various treatment approaches for COVID-19 in terms of pharmacoeconomic effectiveness. Different strategies for managing patients with the new coronavirus infection, separate groups of drugs are considered. The current clinical trials for COVID-19, the main directions, problems and challenges facing the healthcare system are discussed in detail. The aspects of the economic efficiency of various measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are presented. A thorough study of the pharmacoeconomic features of the new coronavirus infection will allow to develop effective standards for planning the process of supply for medical organizations in the pandemic.
本文从药物经济效益的角度概述了COVID-19各种治疗方法的全球趋势。治疗新型冠状病毒感染患者的不同策略,不同的药物组被考虑。详细讨论了当前新冠肺炎临床试验、主要方向、面临的问题和挑战。介绍了预防新冠病毒传播的各种措施的经济效率方面。对新型冠状病毒感染的药物经济学特征进行深入研究,将有助于制定有效的标准,规划医疗机构在大流行期间的供应过程。
{"title":"Pharmacoeconomic aspects of COVID-19 treatment","authors":"I. V. Rogova, E. Zhidkova, I. A. Popova, A. V. Zaborovskiy, K. Gurevich","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.086","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of global trends in various treatment approaches for COVID-19 in terms of pharmacoeconomic effectiveness. Different strategies for managing patients with the new coronavirus infection, separate groups of drugs are considered. The current clinical trials for COVID-19, the main directions, problems and challenges facing the healthcare system are discussed in detail. The aspects of the economic efficiency of various measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are presented. A thorough study of the pharmacoeconomic features of the new coronavirus infection will allow to develop effective standards for planning the process of supply for medical organizations in the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86874692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
History of controlled trials in medicine: real priorities are little-known. Report 2. From early experiments to the present day: without alternation and randomization 医学对照试验的历史:真正的优先事项鲜为人知。报告2。从早期的实验到现在:没有交替和随机化
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.062
A. N. Koterov, O. A. Tikhonova, L. Ushenkova, A. Biryukov
The aim of the three-report review is the historical development of clinical trials, controlled trials (CT) and randomized controlled trials (RCT), and the inclusion of these approaches in health-related disciplines (Medicine and Epidemiology). Report 2 provides a description of the wellknown James Lind Library (JLL), as well as a formed database of sources on the theme. JLL was internationalized, although most of the papers belong to authors from the UK. Many studies on the history of CT and RCT are reflected in JLL publications, but remain unclaimed without changing on common milestones and priorities. Besides, the formed base of sources included 9 studies not reflected in the JLL, of which three are principled. Six of them are given in Report 2.Half of historical milestones on the theme (168 in total) belong to the United Kingdom, 23% to the United States, and 4% to the Italy. The remaining 19 countries, ancient, medieval and modern, contribute 0.6–4% (Russia – 1.2% by the 20th century). The earliest source on the history of CT is J.P. Bull’s dissertation (1951). The formed database as of July 2020 contained more than 260 publications, and only 9 of them were Russian (2005–2018). The base includes 7 western dissertations on the history of CT.The object of the Report 2 study was CT as such, without any attempts at randomization or even quasi-randomization by alternate allocation. The most comprehensive thematic table on non-randomized CTs has been compiled, including studies from the Chinese emperor Shen Nung (2373 BC) and the prophet Daniel (6th century BC), to BCG vaccination for children of Canadian Indians (1941–1949). PubMed search on ‘non-randomized controlled trial’ was made. For the period of 1990–2020 years, 303 publications were found (up to 32 papers in 2020). Compared to RCT, the number of such studies is small (estimated at 0.08%), but it is important to have an appropriate conjuncture in the modern period. Along with the fact that most of the drugs and therapies currently in use are developed without RCT, the revealed ‘immortality’ of CT, even without quasi-randomization, can have social significance, removing complexes and embarrassment in cases where neither RCT nor even quasi-RCT is possible, but social and public needs require the immediate receipt of at least an approximate answer to hot questions of public health (for example, in 2020).
三篇综述的目的是回顾临床试验、对照试验(CT)和随机对照试验(RCT)的历史发展,以及这些方法在健康相关学科(医学和流行病学)中的应用。报告2提供了著名的James Lind Library (JLL)的描述,以及关于该主题的已形成的资源数据库。仲量联行是国际化的,尽管大多数论文的作者来自英国。许多关于CT和RCT历史的研究都反映在仲量联行的出版物中,但在共同的里程碑和优先事项没有改变的情况下,仍然没有人声称。此外,形成的来源基础包括9项未在JLL中反映的研究,其中3项为原则性研究。报告2给出了其中的六个。在这一主题的历史里程碑中,有一半(总共168个)属于英国,23%属于美国,4%属于意大利。剩下的19个国家,古代的,中世纪的和现代的,贡献了0.6-4%(俄罗斯-到20世纪1.2%)。关于CT历史的最早资料是J.P. Bull的论文(1951年)。截至2020年7月,已形成的数据库包含260多篇出版物,其中只有9篇是俄语(2005-2018)。该基地收录了7篇有关CT史的西方论文。报告2研究的对象是CT本身,没有通过交替分配进行随机化甚至准随机化的尝试。编制了关于非随机ct的最全面的专题表,包括从中国皇帝神农(公元前2373年)和先知但以理(公元前6世纪)到加拿大印第安人儿童接种卡介苗(1941-1949年)的研究。PubMed检索“非随机对照试验”。在1990-2020年期间,共发现303篇论文(2020年达到32篇)。与RCT相比,这类研究的数量较少(估计为0.08%),但在现代时期,有一个适当的结合点是很重要的。除了目前使用的大多数药物和疗法都是在没有随机对照试验的情况下开发的这一事实之外,即使没有准随机化,CT的“不朽”也可以具有社会意义,在无法进行随机对照试验甚至无法进行准随机对照试验的情况下,消除复杂和尴尬,但社会和公众需要立即收到至少一个近似的公共卫生热点问题的答案(例如,在2020年)。
{"title":"History of controlled trials in medicine: real priorities are little-known. Report 2. From early experiments to the present day: without alternation and randomization","authors":"A. N. Koterov, O. A. Tikhonova, L. Ushenkova, A. Biryukov","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.062","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the three-report review is the historical development of clinical trials, controlled trials (CT) and randomized controlled trials (RCT), and the inclusion of these approaches in health-related disciplines (Medicine and Epidemiology). Report 2 provides a description of the wellknown James Lind Library (JLL), as well as a formed database of sources on the theme. JLL was internationalized, although most of the papers belong to authors from the UK. Many studies on the history of CT and RCT are reflected in JLL publications, but remain unclaimed without changing on common milestones and priorities. Besides, the formed base of sources included 9 studies not reflected in the JLL, of which three are principled. Six of them are given in Report 2.Half of historical milestones on the theme (168 in total) belong to the United Kingdom, 23% to the United States, and 4% to the Italy. The remaining 19 countries, ancient, medieval and modern, contribute 0.6–4% (Russia – 1.2% by the 20th century). The earliest source on the history of CT is J.P. Bull’s dissertation (1951). The formed database as of July 2020 contained more than 260 publications, and only 9 of them were Russian (2005–2018). The base includes 7 western dissertations on the history of CT.The object of the Report 2 study was CT as such, without any attempts at randomization or even quasi-randomization by alternate allocation. The most comprehensive thematic table on non-randomized CTs has been compiled, including studies from the Chinese emperor Shen Nung (2373 BC) and the prophet Daniel (6th century BC), to BCG vaccination for children of Canadian Indians (1941–1949). PubMed search on ‘non-randomized controlled trial’ was made. For the period of 1990–2020 years, 303 publications were found (up to 32 papers in 2020). Compared to RCT, the number of such studies is small (estimated at 0.08%), but it is important to have an appropriate conjuncture in the modern period. Along with the fact that most of the drugs and therapies currently in use are developed without RCT, the revealed ‘immortality’ of CT, even without quasi-randomization, can have social significance, removing complexes and embarrassment in cases where neither RCT nor even quasi-RCT is possible, but social and public needs require the immediate receipt of at least an approximate answer to hot questions of public health (for example, in 2020).","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76342657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pharmacoeconomic features of drug provision to the rheumatology department of the republican clinical hospital 共和临床医院风湿病科药物供应的药物经济学特征
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.079
L. N. Sheikhmambetova, E. .. Egorova, K. Onishchenko, E. I. Konyaeva
{"title":"Pharmacoeconomic features of drug provision to the rheumatology department of the republican clinical hospital","authors":"L. N. Sheikhmambetova, E. .. Egorova, K. Onishchenko, E. I. Konyaeva","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91260541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Increasing the medico-economic efficiency of preventive counseling for patients with arterial hypertension and behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases 提高动脉高血压和非传染性疾病行为危险因素患者预防性咨询的医疗经济效率
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.074
O. Zadvornaya, A. Pishchita
Objective: to evaluate behavioral risk factors (BRF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and to determine the ways of improvement of the approaches to preventive consulting targeted to increase medico-economic efficiency of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).Material and methods. A total of 107 patients aged 40–60 years old that attended health-promoting schools for patients with AH at the institutions of primary medical help in Moscow in 2017–2019 were surveyed. The authors used diagnostic criteria of the risk factors for noncommunicable diseases that have behavioral character according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). Along with that, the authors reviewed the opinion of 128 top managers of the institutions of primary medical help that attended the courses of their qualification improvement “Organization of public healthcare” in 2019. The course was dedicated to the possible ways of improvement of preventive consulting of patients with AH and BRF. The methods of content analysis, synthesis, statistical analysis, comparison, etc. were applied. The authors analyzed the documentation on the prevention of CVDs, scientific publications on the subject from eLibrary, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus databases, and official sites of biomedical journals.Results. The sociological survey revealed data on the presence of BRF of non-communicable diseases in patients aged 40–60 years old with verified AH based on scientifically proven criteria and WHO classification. These criteria allowed to evaluate the degree of the proneness of patients with AH to the influence of harmful risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating habits) and their combinations. The sociological survey data obtained from the top management of institutions of primary medical help indicated the necessity of the improvement of approaches to group preventive consulting of patients with AH and BRF.Conclusion. The results of the study revealed the main areas of the systemic mistakes in the preventive consulting of patients with AH that have BRF, associated with the evaluation of individual-psychological peculiarities of a personality, and in the organizational aspects of preventive counseling.
目的:评价动脉性高血压(AH)患者的行为危险因素(BRF),确定改进预防咨询方法的途径,以提高心血管疾病(cvd)预防的医疗经济效益。材料和方法。对2017-2019年在莫斯科初级医疗救助机构参加AH患者健康促进学校的107名40-60岁患者进行了调查。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的分类,采用具有行为特征的非传染性疾病危险因素诊断标准。与此同时,作者回顾了参加2019年基层医疗救助机构“公共卫生组织”资格提升课程的128名基层医疗救助机构高层管理人员的意见。该课程致力于改进AH和BRF患者预防性咨询的可能方法。采用内容分析、综合分析、统计分析、比较分析等方法。作者分析了有关预防心血管疾病的文献,以及来自图书馆、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Scopus数据库和生物医学期刊官方网站的有关该主题的科学出版物。社会学调查显示,根据科学证明的标准和世卫组织分类,40-60岁的AH患者中存在非传染性疾病BRF的数据。这些标准可用于评估AH患者受有害危险因素(吸烟、饮酒、缺乏体育活动、不健康饮食习惯)及其组合影响的程度。从基层医疗救助机构高层获得的社会学调查数据表明,有必要改进对AH和brf患者进行群体预防性咨询的方法。该研究的结果揭示了在对患有BRF的AH患者进行预防性咨询时出现系统性错误的主要领域,这些错误与人格的个体心理特征评估以及预防性咨询的组织方面有关。
{"title":"Increasing the medico-economic efficiency of preventive counseling for patients with arterial hypertension and behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases","authors":"O. Zadvornaya, A. Pishchita","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.074","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to evaluate behavioral risk factors (BRF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and to determine the ways of improvement of the approaches to preventive consulting targeted to increase medico-economic efficiency of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).Material and methods. A total of 107 patients aged 40–60 years old that attended health-promoting schools for patients with AH at the institutions of primary medical help in Moscow in 2017–2019 were surveyed. The authors used diagnostic criteria of the risk factors for noncommunicable diseases that have behavioral character according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). Along with that, the authors reviewed the opinion of 128 top managers of the institutions of primary medical help that attended the courses of their qualification improvement “Organization of public healthcare” in 2019. The course was dedicated to the possible ways of improvement of preventive consulting of patients with AH and BRF. The methods of content analysis, synthesis, statistical analysis, comparison, etc. were applied. The authors analyzed the documentation on the prevention of CVDs, scientific publications on the subject from eLibrary, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus databases, and official sites of biomedical journals.Results. The sociological survey revealed data on the presence of BRF of non-communicable diseases in patients aged 40–60 years old with verified AH based on scientifically proven criteria and WHO classification. These criteria allowed to evaluate the degree of the proneness of patients with AH to the influence of harmful risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating habits) and their combinations. The sociological survey data obtained from the top management of institutions of primary medical help indicated the necessity of the improvement of approaches to group preventive consulting of patients with AH and BRF.Conclusion. The results of the study revealed the main areas of the systemic mistakes in the preventive consulting of patients with AH that have BRF, associated with the evaluation of individual-psychological peculiarities of a personality, and in the organizational aspects of preventive counseling.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80961055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 pandemic prediction model based on machine learning in selected regions of the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦选定地区基于机器学习的COVID-19大流行预测模型
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.108
D. V. Gavrilov, R. Abramov, А. V. Kirilkina, А. Ivshin, R. Novitskiy
Background. Prediction of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) spread is important to take timely measures and initiate systemic preventive and anti-epidemic actions both at the regional and state levels to reduce morbidity and mortality.Objective: to develop a model for short-term forecasting of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the Russian Federation.Material and methods. The data for the model training were collected from the Stopcoronavirus.rf and Johns Hopkins University portals. It included 13 features to assess the infection dynamics and mortality, as well as the rate of morbidity and mortality in different countries and certain regions of the Russian Federation. The model was trained by the CatBoost gradient boosting method and retrained daily with updated data.Results. The forecast model of COVID-19 cases and deaths for the period of up to 14 days was created. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) estimate of the model’s accuracy ranged from 2.3% to 24% for 85 regions of the Russian Federation. The advantage of the CatBoost machine learning method over linear regression was shown using the example of the root mean square error (RMSE) value. The model showed less error for regions with a large population than for less populated ones.Conclusion. The model can be used not only to predict the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection but also to control and assess the spread of diseases from the group of new infections at their emergence, peak incidence, and stabilization period.
背景。预测新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)的传播,对于在地区和国家层面及时采取措施,开展系统的预防和抗疫行动,降低发病率和死亡率具有重要意义。目的:开发俄罗斯联邦COVID-19病例和死亡短期预测模型。材料和方法。模型训练的数据来自Stopcoronavirus。rf和约翰霍普金斯大学的门户网站。它包括13个特征,以评估俄罗斯联邦不同国家和某些地区的感染动态和死亡率以及发病率和死亡率。该模型采用CatBoost梯度增强方法进行训练,并每日更新数据进行再训练。建立了长达14天的新冠肺炎病例和死亡预测模型。在俄罗斯联邦的85个地区,该模型精度的平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)估计范围为2.3%至24%。CatBoost机器学习方法相对于线性回归的优势用均方根误差(RMSE)值的例子来说明。该模型在人口多的地区比在人口少的地区误差更小。该模型不仅可用于预测新型冠状病毒感染的大流行,还可用于控制和评估新发感染者群体在出现期、发病高峰期和稳定期的疾病传播。
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic prediction model based on machine learning in selected regions of the Russian Federation","authors":"D. V. Gavrilov, R. Abramov, А. V. Kirilkina, А. Ivshin, R. Novitskiy","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.108","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Prediction of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) spread is important to take timely measures and initiate systemic preventive and anti-epidemic actions both at the regional and state levels to reduce morbidity and mortality.Objective: to develop a model for short-term forecasting of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the Russian Federation.Material and methods. The data for the model training were collected from the Stopcoronavirus.rf and Johns Hopkins University portals. It included 13 features to assess the infection dynamics and mortality, as well as the rate of morbidity and mortality in different countries and certain regions of the Russian Federation. The model was trained by the CatBoost gradient boosting method and retrained daily with updated data.Results. The forecast model of COVID-19 cases and deaths for the period of up to 14 days was created. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) estimate of the model’s accuracy ranged from 2.3% to 24% for 85 regions of the Russian Federation. The advantage of the CatBoost machine learning method over linear regression was shown using the example of the root mean square error (RMSE) value. The model showed less error for regions with a large population than for less populated ones.Conclusion. The model can be used not only to predict the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection but also to control and assess the spread of diseases from the group of new infections at their emergence, peak incidence, and stabilization period.","PeriodicalId":36464,"journal":{"name":"Farmakoekonomika","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78963930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Farmakoekonomika
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1