Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.46763/geol21351368005ar
Arianit A. Reka
{"title":"Diatomite – evaluation of physico-mechanical, chemical, mineralogical and thermal properties","authors":"Arianit A. Reka","doi":"10.46763/geol21351368005ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol21351368005ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS IN THE DRAVINJA RIVER SEDIMENTS7 (EASTERN SLOVENIA)","authors":"Kim Mezga, M. Dolenec, Dejan Šram, P. Vrhovnik","doi":"10.46763/geol21352141m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol21352141m","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70583370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION OF GROUND WATER IN THE ŠTIP AQUIFER WITH APPLICATION OF GOD METHOD","authors":"Darko Pižov, Vojo Mirčovski, Gjorgji Dimov","doi":"10.46763/geol21352131p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol21352131p","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70583320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heavy metals, uranium and thorium in agricultural soils and plants from the Buhovo region, Bulgaria","authors":"Tanja Stoilkova","doi":"10.46763/geol20020105s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020105s","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t: This paper presents the results from the explorations conducted on the locality Bela Voda, village Dvorište near Berovo. The purpose of the site survey is to determine the potential of the water supplying with underground water according to the represented structural-tectonic and hydrogeological structure, locate and prognostically design exploratory wells for water supply according to the indicated potential, conditions and opportunities for ground water capture. For the needs of the geophysical measurements, field hydrogeological reconnaissance of the terrain has been performed previously. Hydrogeological research and geophysical measurements have been conducted on the locations where hydrogeological characteristics of the terrain and the presence of the types of water bearing environments within the research area have been defined and explained. The investigations are performed by means of reflective seismic scanning of the structural-tectonic assemblage on the terrain by representative investigative profiles and analysis of the known geological data. 10 investigative profiles (RL) with the total length of 1.5 km were made, of which 2 in the longitudinal direction of the Bela Voda river and 8 in the transverse or normal profiles of the river itself. The field scanning along the investigative profiles was performed with a seismic wave excitation step and a 5 m distance of geophones and an offset of 10 m. The obtained results from the performed geophysical investigations have confirmed that there is a small zone of Upper Jurassic granite in which a fissure type of aquifer with fissure porosity is formed. For the construction of well exploration (exploitation boreholes) there is a limited potential area, and four potential locations are proposed.
本文介绍了在Berovo附近的村庄Dvorište Bela Voda进行的勘探结果。现场调查的目的是根据所代表的构造构造和水文地质结构，确定地下水的供水潜力，根据指示的地下水捕获潜力、条件和机会，定位和预测设计供水探井。由于地球物理测量的需要，以前曾对该地形进行过野外水文地质勘察。对研究区内的地形水文地质特征和含水环境类型进行了界定和说明的地点，进行了水文地质研究和地球物理测量。通过代表性的调查剖面和对已知地质资料的分析，对地形上的构造-构造组合进行了反射地震扫描。共制作了10条调查性剖面图(RL)，总长度为1.5 km，其中2条为贝拉沃达河纵向剖面图，8条为河流本身的横向或正剖面。沿着研究剖面进行现场扫描，采用地震波激励步骤，检波器距离为5 m，偏移量为10 m。地球物理调查结果证实，该区存在一小片上侏罗统花岗岩带，其中发育裂隙型含孔隙含水层。勘探(开发)钻孔建设的潜力区域有限，提出了四个潜在位置。
{"title":"Seismic explorations on the Bela Voda locality near Berovo","authors":"Blagica Doneva","doi":"10.46763/geol20020111d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020111d","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t: This paper presents the results from the explorations conducted on the locality Bela Voda, village Dvorište near Berovo. The purpose of the site survey is to determine the potential of the water supplying with underground water according to the represented structural-tectonic and hydrogeological structure, locate and prognostically design exploratory wells for water supply according to the indicated potential, conditions and opportunities for ground water capture. For the needs of the geophysical measurements, field hydrogeological reconnaissance of the terrain has been performed previously. Hydrogeological research and geophysical measurements have been conducted on the locations where hydrogeological characteristics of the terrain and the presence of the types of water bearing environments within the research area have been defined and explained. The investigations are performed by means of reflective seismic scanning of the structural-tectonic assemblage on the terrain by representative investigative profiles and analysis of the known geological data. 10 investigative profiles (RL) with the total length of 1.5 km were made, of which 2 in the longitudinal direction of the Bela Voda river and 8 in the transverse or normal profiles of the river itself. The field scanning along the investigative profiles was performed with a seismic wave excitation step and a 5 m distance of geophones and an offset of 10 m. The obtained results from the performed geophysical investigations have confirmed that there is a small zone of Upper Jurassic granite in which a fissure type of aquifer with fissure porosity is formed. For the construction of well exploration (exploitation boreholes) there is a limited potential area, and four potential locations are proposed.","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t: One of the common European commitments is a transition towards a green circular economy in which waste is not discarded and considered to be just an environmental problem, but should be recognized as an important potential source of raw materials for industry. In a priority order in waste management activities, introduced by the Waste Directive in 2012, recycling is set just behind the waste prevention and reuse. Many types of waste can be recycled, the most perspective being construction, industrial and mining wastes. The latter are produced and disposed of at mine sites during the excavation and processing of ore and are extremely perspective due to large quantities and remaining of different metals, however still underutilized, with low recycling rate. Many mining wastes are inert and do not releases contaminants into environment, however, some of them are problematic and even require monitoring. Reprocessing of these wastes, which include beneficiation and sequential extraction of valuable metals in the first phase and recycling of residues in both structural and civil engineering in the second phase establishes a zero waste model with several benefits for economy, environment and society. Out of the South-East European countries, North Macedonia has great potential to establish this model. As a consequence of long mining tradition and abundant ore resources, there are many mining and metallurgical tailings, on the other hand vivid economy and numerous sinks for use of recycled materials in construction sector can accommodate these quantities. However, there are open questions in terms of administrative procedures and legislation. What are those obstacles that accompany the smooth establishment of the proposed model from a legislative point of view? This paper deals with the situation in North Macedonia, in terms of opportunities, legislative options and the need to adopt new legislation, taking also into account the current problems in this field in Europe.
{"title":"Mining waste in circular economy – legislative aspect","authors":"S. Plicanic","doi":"10.46763/geol20020149p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020149p","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t: One of the common European commitments is a transition towards a green circular economy in which waste is not discarded and considered to be just an environmental problem, but should be recognized as an important potential source of raw materials for industry. In a priority order in waste management activities, introduced by the Waste Directive in 2012, recycling is set just behind the waste prevention and reuse. Many types of waste can be recycled, the most perspective being construction, industrial and mining wastes. The latter are produced and disposed of at mine sites during the excavation and processing of ore and are extremely perspective due to large quantities and remaining of different metals, however still underutilized, with low recycling rate. Many mining wastes are inert and do not releases contaminants into environment, however, some of them are problematic and even require monitoring. Reprocessing of these wastes, which include beneficiation and sequential extraction of valuable metals in the first phase and recycling of residues in both structural and civil engineering in the second phase establishes a zero waste model with several benefits for economy, environment and society. Out of the South-East European countries, North Macedonia has great potential to establish this model. As a consequence of long mining tradition and abundant ore resources, there are many mining and metallurgical tailings, on the other hand vivid economy and numerous sinks for use of recycled materials in construction sector can accommodate these quantities. However, there are open questions in terms of administrative procedures and legislation. What are those obstacles that accompany the smooth establishment of the proposed model from a legislative point of view? This paper deals with the situation in North Macedonia, in terms of opportunities, legislative options and the need to adopt new legislation, taking also into account the current problems in this field in Europe.","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70583069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t: This paper deals with preparation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) landslide inventory for the Polog region. A number of activities were undertaken for this purpose, such as: analysis of own data on landslides, visits of the sites noted in the surveys filled by municipalities, digitizing of landslides from old geological maps in scale 1:25000, analysis and digitizing of landslides from the archive of the Geological Survey of Macedonia, interviews with employees and retired colleagues from geotechnical companies, analysis of landslides along the channels of the “Mavrovo” system, visit to the National University in Tetovo and joint site visit, and visits to several geotechnical companies in Macedonia. Since this is the first attempt to create a regional landslide inventory in N. Macedonia, the adopted structure of the inventory is presented in the paper. Moreover, to see what benefits can be gained from the availability of such inventory some of the most important findings regarding the landslides are presented further. Currently the inventory consists of 136 occurrences, and in time it should be appropriately updated. The main findings related to the distribution and characteristics of the landslides show that future analyses should include preparation of landslide susceptibility/hazard models both for shallow and deep landslides, as well as for flow-like type of slides. In the following stages of investigation, it is planned to analyze a LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) survey that is being prepared for the region and incorporate more landslides in the inventory. Also, findings of the InSAR (Interfer-ometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) analysis will be combined with the inventory, which will lead to conclusions on the movement rates of detected sites. The latter two approaches will be presented in future papers.
{"title":"Preparation of GIS landslide inventory for the Polog Region","authors":"N. Nedelkovska","doi":"10.46763/geol20020137n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020137n","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t: This paper deals with preparation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) landslide inventory for the Polog region. A number of activities were undertaken for this purpose, such as: analysis of own data on landslides, visits of the sites noted in the surveys filled by municipalities, digitizing of landslides from old geological maps in scale 1:25000, analysis and digitizing of landslides from the archive of the Geological Survey of Macedonia, interviews with employees and retired colleagues from geotechnical companies, analysis of landslides along the channels of the “Mavrovo” system, visit to the National University in Tetovo and joint site visit, and visits to several geotechnical companies in Macedonia. Since this is the first attempt to create a regional landslide inventory in N. Macedonia, the adopted structure of the inventory is presented in the paper. Moreover, to see what benefits can be gained from the availability of such inventory some of the most important findings regarding the landslides are presented further. Currently the inventory consists of 136 occurrences, and in time it should be appropriately updated. The main findings related to the distribution and characteristics of the landslides show that future analyses should include preparation of landslide susceptibility/hazard models both for shallow and deep landslides, as well as for flow-like type of slides. In the following stages of investigation, it is planned to analyze a LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) survey that is being prepared for the region and incorporate more landslides in the inventory. Also, findings of the InSAR (Interfer-ometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) analysis will be combined with the inventory, which will lead to conclusions on the movement rates of detected sites. The latter two approaches will be presented in future papers.","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t: The examined bentonite clay contains montmorillonite as a basic mass. As an admixtures it containes quartz, illite and other minerals. The admixtures are inhomogeneously distributed in various particle size fractions. The subject of this research is concentration and separation of existing admixtures from bentonite clay (–0.063 mm), a commercial product of Bentomak. Wet sieve analysis and elutriation were applied as separation methods. In order to define the efficiency of the methods, a complex examination for characterization of the fractions was realized. Simultaneous review of the results of XRD, microscopic examinations and chemical analysis indicates that in the finest fraction (–0.032 mm) the concentration of the admixures is smaller for 80% than in the other fractions.
{"title":"Characterization of the particle size fractions of bentonite clay from Ginovci, Republic of North Macedonia","authors":"Boško Boškovski","doi":"10.46763/geol20020123b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020123b","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t: The examined bentonite clay contains montmorillonite as a basic mass. As an admixtures it containes quartz, illite and other minerals. The admixtures are inhomogeneously distributed in various particle size fractions. The subject of this research is concentration and separation of existing admixtures from bentonite clay (–0.063 mm), a commercial product of Bentomak. Wet sieve analysis and elutriation were applied as separation methods. In order to define the efficiency of the methods, a complex examination for characterization of the fractions was realized. Simultaneous review of the results of XRD, microscopic examinations and chemical analysis indicates that in the finest fraction (–0.032 mm) the concentration of the admixures is smaller for 80% than in the other fractions.","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geochemical properties of lead-zinc slag landfill from MHK Zletovo in Veles, North Macedonia","authors":"R. Šajn","doi":"10.46763/geol20020089sh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/geol20020089sh","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36472,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Macedonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70582698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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