R. Jeanmonod, G. Rammohan, M. Grimaldi, J. Pester, H. Stankewicz, R. Patterson, Megan Minor, K. Baker, S. Melanson, D. Jeanmonod
Introduction: Many learners use the internet or other independent means as a primary way to master procedures. There are also numerous described methods to teach procedures using simulation. The optimal method for teaching procedures is unknown. We compare residents' confidence and performance of pediatric airway skills (bag valve mask [BVM] and endotracheal intubation [ETI]) and their confidence in teaching these skills to others after training using (1) standard simulation (SS), (2) the Peyton method, or (3) self-directed learning. Materials and Methods: In 2019–2020, emergency medicine (EM) residents at a single program were randomized to one of three training groups. Prior to training, residents underwent standard airway simulation skill assessment sessions with two blinded observers. Residents in the SS group then underwent training using SS with postprocedure debriefing. Residents in the Peyton method group underwent simulation through a structured technique described elsewhere. The residents in the independent learning group were encouraged to master the skills through any means they saw fit. Residents were surveyed regarding prior experience, knowledge base, and confidence in performing and teaching procedures. Results: Thirty-three residents were randomized. After training, there were no differences between groups in comfort performing procedures. Residents randomized to independent learning were less comfortable teaching ETI than other groups. In 4–6 month follow-up, all residents showed improvement in procedural performance, regardless of assigned learner group. Conclusions: Residents using self-directed learning to master airway skills are less comfortable teaching ETI than those taught using simulation. Their skill performance is equivalent regardless of teaching method. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice.
{"title":"Resident comfort teaching and performing pediatric airway procedures after instruction using the Peyton method, standard simulation, or digital platforms","authors":"R. Jeanmonod, G. Rammohan, M. Grimaldi, J. Pester, H. Stankewicz, R. Patterson, Megan Minor, K. Baker, S. Melanson, D. Jeanmonod","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_51_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_51_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many learners use the internet or other independent means as a primary way to master procedures. There are also numerous described methods to teach procedures using simulation. The optimal method for teaching procedures is unknown. We compare residents' confidence and performance of pediatric airway skills (bag valve mask [BVM] and endotracheal intubation [ETI]) and their confidence in teaching these skills to others after training using (1) standard simulation (SS), (2) the Peyton method, or (3) self-directed learning. Materials and Methods: In 2019–2020, emergency medicine (EM) residents at a single program were randomized to one of three training groups. Prior to training, residents underwent standard airway simulation skill assessment sessions with two blinded observers. Residents in the SS group then underwent training using SS with postprocedure debriefing. Residents in the Peyton method group underwent simulation through a structured technique described elsewhere. The residents in the independent learning group were encouraged to master the skills through any means they saw fit. Residents were surveyed regarding prior experience, knowledge base, and confidence in performing and teaching procedures. Results: Thirty-three residents were randomized. After training, there were no differences between groups in comfort performing procedures. Residents randomized to independent learning were less comfortable teaching ETI than other groups. In 4–6 month follow-up, all residents showed improvement in procedural performance, regardless of assigned learner group. Conclusions: Residents using self-directed learning to master airway skills are less comfortable teaching ETI than those taught using simulation. Their skill performance is equivalent regardless of teaching method. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"226 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44123035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feema Raju, Albin Biju, Karthik Gunasekaran, P. Mannam, Krupa George, K. Abhilash
Introduction: In a tropical country like India, heat-related illnesses are a common occurrence in the unforgiving summer months. Our study aimed to study the profile and outcome of patients with heat-related illnesses presenting to the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included all patients with heat-related illnesses to the ED during the months of April, May, and June of 2016. Baseline demographic characteristics, computed tomography (CT) brain findings, and hospital outcome were noted. Results: During the 3-month study period, 72 patients presented with heat-related illnesses. Two-thirds (46/72: 63.8%) suffered from heat stroke, whereas one-third (26/72: 36.2%) had heat exhaustion. Classical and exertional types were seen in 46% and 54% of heat strokes, respectively. The mean age (standard deviation) of the patients was 59.7 (13.3) years with a male preponderance (56.9%). Homemakers (37.5%) and manual laborers (20.8%) were most commonly affected. Hypotension at ED arrival was noticed in 20.8% (15/72), whereas tachycardia and tachypnea were noted in 80.5% (58/72) each. The findings on CT of the brain included acute infarcts (5/26: 19.6%) and an intra-cranial bleed (1/26: 3.8%). The mortality rate was 19.5% (14/72). Conclusion: Heat-related illnesses cause significant mortality during the relentless hot summers of a tropical country like India. Homemakers and manual labors were the most affected group. Acute changes were seen in CT brain of a quarter of patients with heat stroke. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Patient care, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.
{"title":"The effects of temperature and outcomes of patients presenting to the emergency department with heat-related illness: A retrospective cross-sectional study","authors":"Feema Raju, Albin Biju, Karthik Gunasekaran, P. Mannam, Krupa George, K. Abhilash","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_97_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_97_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In a tropical country like India, heat-related illnesses are a common occurrence in the unforgiving summer months. Our study aimed to study the profile and outcome of patients with heat-related illnesses presenting to the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included all patients with heat-related illnesses to the ED during the months of April, May, and June of 2016. Baseline demographic characteristics, computed tomography (CT) brain findings, and hospital outcome were noted. Results: During the 3-month study period, 72 patients presented with heat-related illnesses. Two-thirds (46/72: 63.8%) suffered from heat stroke, whereas one-third (26/72: 36.2%) had heat exhaustion. Classical and exertional types were seen in 46% and 54% of heat strokes, respectively. The mean age (standard deviation) of the patients was 59.7 (13.3) years with a male preponderance (56.9%). Homemakers (37.5%) and manual laborers (20.8%) were most commonly affected. Hypotension at ED arrival was noticed in 20.8% (15/72), whereas tachycardia and tachypnea were noted in 80.5% (58/72) each. The findings on CT of the brain included acute infarcts (5/26: 19.6%) and an intra-cranial bleed (1/26: 3.8%). The mortality rate was 19.5% (14/72). Conclusion: Heat-related illnesses cause significant mortality during the relentless hot summers of a tropical country like India. Homemakers and manual labors were the most affected group. Acute changes were seen in CT brain of a quarter of patients with heat stroke. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Patient care, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"220 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48803267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijam.ijam_155_21
C. Dymond, Taryn Clark
{"title":"What's new in academic international medicine? The gender gap in emergency medicine","authors":"C. Dymond, Taryn Clark","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_155_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_155_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"203 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49582574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In this COVID-19 epidemic, most of the countries are facing issues regarding health care from the points of management, academic, and treatment. Online medical education as an alternate source has been utilized, but it entails certain solutions to the problems encountered in this new methodology of medical education. The study was conducted to enhance the knowledge about the barriers and the concurrent solutions and help improve online medical education in COVID era. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 336 undergraduate medical students 61 medical faculty members of ABVMS, Jammu. The two online intake forms in the form of a voluntary, self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data; whose link was made active from May 15, 2020, to May 30, 2020. The questionnaire was designed with 10 questions for faculty and 7 for students. The questions encompassed different subjects related to their preferences and perception of online learning. The data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.0. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The medical faculty perceived online class discussions and assessments of the students as difficult barriers (27.87% and 40.99%, respectively) and access to books/images for teaching and lectures making and delivering as easy (50.82% and 52.46%, respectively). The students felt that the ease of theoretical learning was best with downloadable AV lectures (54.46%). A total of 48.15% students and 31.15% faculty members supported the use of online education in future (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The coronavirus pandemic appears to be an inflection point that is forcing disruption in how we teach medicine. While in the midst of this COVID-19 crisis, the medical faculty and the students are willing for a favorable change from offline to online medical education in view of an online instructional support/training, and infrastructural change. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Interpersonal and communication skills, Practice-based learning and improvement.
{"title":"The perception of the medical faculty and undergraduate students regarding online teaching in the era of COVID-19","authors":"Meeta Gupta, Manish Singh, Rajesh Gupta, S. Sobti, Puneeta Gupta, Vanita Gupta, Aditya Gupta","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_27_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_27_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In this COVID-19 epidemic, most of the countries are facing issues regarding health care from the points of management, academic, and treatment. Online medical education as an alternate source has been utilized, but it entails certain solutions to the problems encountered in this new methodology of medical education. The study was conducted to enhance the knowledge about the barriers and the concurrent solutions and help improve online medical education in COVID era. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 336 undergraduate medical students 61 medical faculty members of ABVMS, Jammu. The two online intake forms in the form of a voluntary, self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data; whose link was made active from May 15, 2020, to May 30, 2020. The questionnaire was designed with 10 questions for faculty and 7 for students. The questions encompassed different subjects related to their preferences and perception of online learning. The data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.0. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The medical faculty perceived online class discussions and assessments of the students as difficult barriers (27.87% and 40.99%, respectively) and access to books/images for teaching and lectures making and delivering as easy (50.82% and 52.46%, respectively). The students felt that the ease of theoretical learning was best with downloadable AV lectures (54.46%). A total of 48.15% students and 31.15% faculty members supported the use of online education in future (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The coronavirus pandemic appears to be an inflection point that is forcing disruption in how we teach medicine. While in the midst of this COVID-19 crisis, the medical faculty and the students are willing for a favorable change from offline to online medical education in view of an online instructional support/training, and infrastructural change. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Interpersonal and communication skills, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"156 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46882830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Periapical cyst or radicular cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst of the jaws, but its association with the over-retained deciduous teeth is unusual. This case reports a 24-year-old male patient who complained of swelling in the upper right back tooth region of the mouth. It was tentatively diagnosed as an odontogenic keratocyst because of its radiographic appearance. However, after histopathological examination, it was identified as an infected periapical cyst whose etiology was an over-retained deciduous root piece. We have reported this case due to its uniqueness in terms of etiology, clinical and radiographic findings, and management. The literature review is discussed in comparison with the current case's findings as well as the indications for guided bone regeneration after a follow-up of 6 months. This article highlights that the art of clinical diagnosis lies in the ability to perform a thorough examination, followed by proper investigations that may defy the provisional diagnosis. Sometimes, it lies as a disguise and only a detailed thorough investigation can reveal its true identity. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Patient care.
{"title":"An ambiguous periapical cyst: A case report and literature review","authors":"R. Sinha, P. Pranave, P. Waghmare","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_40_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_40_21","url":null,"abstract":"Periapical cyst or radicular cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst of the jaws, but its association with the over-retained deciduous teeth is unusual. This case reports a 24-year-old male patient who complained of swelling in the upper right back tooth region of the mouth. It was tentatively diagnosed as an odontogenic keratocyst because of its radiographic appearance. However, after histopathological examination, it was identified as an infected periapical cyst whose etiology was an over-retained deciduous root piece. We have reported this case due to its uniqueness in terms of etiology, clinical and radiographic findings, and management. The literature review is discussed in comparison with the current case's findings as well as the indications for guided bone regeneration after a follow-up of 6 months. This article highlights that the art of clinical diagnosis lies in the ability to perform a thorough examination, followed by proper investigations that may defy the provisional diagnosis. Sometimes, it lies as a disguise and only a detailed thorough investigation can reveal its true identity. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Patient care.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"176 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47463338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pavithra, T. Sangeetha, S. Velayuthaprabhu, A. Anand
Biomarkers of any condition will help in predicting the disease that can help in improvised treatment and medication. Due to lack of symptoms and precursors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading reasons for death in population all over the world. To reduce the death rate and improve the therapeutic approach, biomarkers related to CVD can be helpful. The study of the levels of biomarkers in the body can help in predicting the chances of CVD. The literature study of biomarkers of CVD is to analyze the biomarkers and their role and levels in causing CVD. Among the various analyzed lipid-related markers like apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, lipoprotein (a), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, coronary artery calcification, cystatin C, it has been identified that the cystatin C is the biomarker for not only the chronic kidney disease but also a predictor of major CVD events. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Systems-based practice.
{"title":"A literature survey on the biomarkers of cardiovascular disease","authors":"R. Pavithra, T. Sangeetha, S. Velayuthaprabhu, A. Anand","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_80_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_80_20","url":null,"abstract":"Biomarkers of any condition will help in predicting the disease that can help in improvised treatment and medication. Due to lack of symptoms and precursors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading reasons for death in population all over the world. To reduce the death rate and improve the therapeutic approach, biomarkers related to CVD can be helpful. The study of the levels of biomarkers in the body can help in predicting the chances of CVD. The literature study of biomarkers of CVD is to analyze the biomarkers and their role and levels in causing CVD. Among the various analyzed lipid-related markers like apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, lipoprotein (a), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, coronary artery calcification, cystatin C, it has been identified that the cystatin C is the biomarker for not only the chronic kidney disease but also a predictor of major CVD events. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Systems-based practice.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"141 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45527141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijam.ijam_114_21
Taryn Clark, S. Stawicki
{"title":"What's new in academic international medicine? Redefining our purpose, setting new goals, and refocusing our efforts","authors":"Taryn Clark, S. Stawicki","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_114_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_114_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"135 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_164_20
O. Jagun, O. Adesegun
Fetus papyraceous is a complication of multiple gestation characterized by single intrauterine fetal death of a twin, co-existing with a normal twin. It can present without problems to the mother and surviving twin but it increases the risk of death to the surviving twin, preterm delivery, dystocia, and other fetomaternal complications. This case aims to draw attention to the rare finding of a mummified twin coexisting with a normal twin, as well as the clinical management of such presentation. We present a case of a 32-year-old multigravida with no living children, who spontaneously conceived a twin pregnancy that was complicated by fetus papyraceous and eventual (inevitable) preterm delivery. The pregnancy was managed conservatively by frequent fetomaternal monitoring to allow for adequate fetal lung maturity. The surviving twin and mother remained stable postpartum. Frequent ultrasonographic monitoring along with conservative management to prolong pregnancy until fetal lung maturity is ascertained, are useful strategies in managing such a case, and the management of each case should be individualized. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care.
{"title":"Fetal mummification complicating a dichorionic twin gestation: Clinical pearls for medical education","authors":"O. Jagun, O. Adesegun","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_164_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_164_20","url":null,"abstract":"Fetus papyraceous is a complication of multiple gestation characterized by single intrauterine fetal death of a twin, co-existing with a normal twin. It can present without problems to the mother and surviving twin but it increases the risk of death to the surviving twin, preterm delivery, dystocia, and other fetomaternal complications. This case aims to draw attention to the rare finding of a mummified twin coexisting with a normal twin, as well as the clinical management of such presentation. We present a case of a 32-year-old multigravida with no living children, who spontaneously conceived a twin pregnancy that was complicated by fetus papyraceous and eventual (inevitable) preterm delivery. The pregnancy was managed conservatively by frequent fetomaternal monitoring to allow for adequate fetal lung maturity. The surviving twin and mother remained stable postpartum. Frequent ultrasonographic monitoring along with conservative management to prolong pregnancy until fetal lung maturity is ascertained, are useful strategies in managing such a case, and the management of each case should be individualized. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"172 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46910459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole K. Le, S. Panchang, A. Izurieta, M. Ortiz, Ismael Hoare, E. Naik, M. Espinel, E. Terán, R. Izurieta
Communicable disease is a challenge that is widely recognized to be a consequence of globalization. Infectious disease threats such as SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, Zika, malaria, and yellow fever are easily transmissible through mass global processes such as migration and trade. Scholars are increasingly recognizing the value of international cooperation and transdisciplinary research to meet these infectious disease challenges and even to anticipate future challenges. However, international collaboration is not an easy process given the often-uneven relationships between the Global North and South due to histories of resource disparities. In the International Congress on Ecology and Evolution of Global Communicable Diseases held in Quito and Galapagos Islands, Ecuador in 2016, researchers developed a concrete framework for international, interdisciplinary collaboration toward tackling infectious disease challenges. We share the insights from the congress here in hopes of enabling other scientific researchers to engage in similar research partnerships and to forge collective progress toward a more efficient infectious disease research agenda. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Interpersonal and communication skills, and Professionalism.
{"title":"Fostering East-West and North-South bidirectional collaborations: Experiences from the First International Congress on Ecology and Evolution of Global Communicable Diseases held in Quito and the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador","authors":"Nicole K. Le, S. Panchang, A. Izurieta, M. Ortiz, Ismael Hoare, E. Naik, M. Espinel, E. Terán, R. Izurieta","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Communicable disease is a challenge that is widely recognized to be a consequence of globalization. Infectious disease threats such as SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, Zika, malaria, and yellow fever are easily transmissible through mass global processes such as migration and trade. Scholars are increasingly recognizing the value of international cooperation and transdisciplinary research to meet these infectious disease challenges and even to anticipate future challenges. However, international collaboration is not an easy process given the often-uneven relationships between the Global North and South due to histories of resource disparities. In the International Congress on Ecology and Evolution of Global Communicable Diseases held in Quito and Galapagos Islands, Ecuador in 2016, researchers developed a concrete framework for international, interdisciplinary collaboration toward tackling infectious disease challenges. We share the insights from the congress here in hopes of enabling other scientific researchers to engage in similar research partnerships and to forge collective progress toward a more efficient infectious disease research agenda. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Interpersonal and communication skills, and Professionalism.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"137 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43347514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Alban, H. Krasa, Peter Deringer, Kushee-Nidhi Kumar
Introduction: Opioid pain medications carry serious risks when not used properly. Tools should be used to establish individualized, multimodal pain treatment plans that use opioids judiciously and effectively.This study aimed to explore outcomes of older adult patients who experience acute pain and determine if implementation of a Geriatric Acute Pain Management Order Set reduces opioid consumption during hospitalization, length of stay, unnecessary readmissions, and discharges to skilled nursing facilities. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective chart review over 12 months at a Level I trauma center.Implementation of Geriatric Acute Pain Management Order Set on adults ≥70 years admitted to services diagnosed with long bone, rib, vertebral, or pelvic fracture. Exploratory analysis using the order set was compared to standard pain management practices. Results: Nonsignificant association was found between order set usage and average oral morphine equivalents (OMEs), consumption per day (P = 0.08), length of stay (P = 0.45), and number of days to readmission (P = 0.70). Hip/femur/pelvic fractures showed higher median OME/day (14.2 mg) compared to patients with humerus/scapula/clavicle fracture(s) (8.9 mg). Median OME/day was statistically different between types of service lines (P < 0.01), with orthopedics having the highest daily OME (30.4 mg). Most patients were discharged to skilled nursing facilities (n = 277) and homes (n = 114) with no demonstrated correlation between the amount of opioids consumed and discharge disposition. Conclusions: Order set integration into practice guides safe and effective care of older adults experiencing pain. Optimization of pain management modalities in the hospital serves to restore mobility and function, reduce patient harm, and improve quality of life. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Patient care and procedural skills, and Systems-based practice.
{"title":"Safely managing pain in hospitalized older adults: Implementation of a geriatric acute pain management order set","authors":"H. Alban, H. Krasa, Peter Deringer, Kushee-Nidhi Kumar","doi":"10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_67_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_67_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Opioid pain medications carry serious risks when not used properly. Tools should be used to establish individualized, multimodal pain treatment plans that use opioids judiciously and effectively.This study aimed to explore outcomes of older adult patients who experience acute pain and determine if implementation of a Geriatric Acute Pain Management Order Set reduces opioid consumption during hospitalization, length of stay, unnecessary readmissions, and discharges to skilled nursing facilities. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective chart review over 12 months at a Level I trauma center.Implementation of Geriatric Acute Pain Management Order Set on adults ≥70 years admitted to services diagnosed with long bone, rib, vertebral, or pelvic fracture. Exploratory analysis using the order set was compared to standard pain management practices. Results: Nonsignificant association was found between order set usage and average oral morphine equivalents (OMEs), consumption per day (P = 0.08), length of stay (P = 0.45), and number of days to readmission (P = 0.70). Hip/femur/pelvic fractures showed higher median OME/day (14.2 mg) compared to patients with humerus/scapula/clavicle fracture(s) (8.9 mg). Median OME/day was statistically different between types of service lines (P < 0.01), with orthopedics having the highest daily OME (30.4 mg). Most patients were discharged to skilled nursing facilities (n = 277) and homes (n = 114) with no demonstrated correlation between the amount of opioids consumed and discharge disposition. Conclusions: Order set integration into practice guides safe and effective care of older adults experiencing pain. Optimization of pain management modalities in the hospital serves to restore mobility and function, reduce patient harm, and improve quality of life. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Patient care and procedural skills, and Systems-based practice.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"166 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48805782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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