Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_059
{"title":"Medieval — Hundred Years War — General","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121857216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_054
{"title":"Medieval — France — Anjou — Fulk Nerra","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122019289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_209
{"title":"Military Technology — Premodern — Gunpowder Weapons — Non-European","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123585435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_013
{"title":"Medieval — Carolingian","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122256955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_153
{"title":"Early Modern — Popular Rebellion","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127281910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_038
{"title":"Medieval — England","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117026277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_144
J. Spangler
From the late sixteenth century, more prevalently in the seventeenth, and with certainty in the eighteenth, an informal title of address evolved in its usage at the French court: the prince étranger, or »foreign prince«. At first merely a general description of the dual status of a person who was a foreigner and of princely rank, the phrase evolved into a recognised title delineating specific rank and status for a group of senior courtiers who resided in France and had acquired specific privileges, accorded personally by French sovereigns, but never formally given official standing in French law. It was not, in contrast to the title duc-et-pair or other letters patent granting titles of nobility, registered in the Parlement of Paris or other courts of law. But that was the point – the name prince étranger deliberately carried with it the notion of extra-territoriality, of a status existing outside the jurisdiction of French sovereignty. These princes, or so they maintained, lived under the protection of the French king, and worked with him as allies and clients, but were free to leave his service at any time. They based their claims to this status on their position as junior members of sovereign princely families in the Holy Roman Empire or in Italy, or as sovereigns themselves of independent territories, however small, or as potential heirs to foreign kingdoms, real or imagined. Few historians have dedicated attention specifically to the princes étrangers, and their views are sometimes conflicting. The now standard definition by Robert Oresko, points out the inherent contradiction of courtiers of French monarchs who presented themselves as independent members of foreign sovereign houses and at the same time as subjects of the Crown, due to extensive properties held within French jurisdiction 1 . In contrast, Guy Antonetti de-stressed the foreign quality of the foreign princes, and instead posed a thesis whereby the adoption of such a title was based mostly on the factor of blood relations of the princes étrangers with the royal house of France 2 . With the emergence of trans-nationalism
从16世纪晚期开始，更普遍的是在17世纪，在18世纪，一种非正式的称谓在法国宫廷中逐渐演变:王子(the prince samanger)，或“外国王子”。起初，这个短语只是对外国人和王子双重身份的一般描述，后来演变成一个公认的头衔，描述了一群居住在法国的高级朝臣的特定等级和地位，这些朝臣获得了法国君主亲自授予的特殊特权，但从未在法国法律中正式赋予官方地位。与公爵夫妇的头衔或其他授予贵族头衔的专利证书不同，它没有在巴黎最高法院或其他法院登记。但这就是问题所在——“王子”这个名字故意带有“治外法权”的概念，即存在于法国主权管辖范围之外的地位。这些王子，至少他们是这么说的，生活在法国国王的保护之下，作为盟友和客户与他一起工作，但随时可以自由地离开他的服务。他们对这种地位的要求是基于他们作为神圣罗马帝国或意大利主权王族的初级成员，或作为独立领土的主权，无论多么小，或作为外国王国的潜在继承人，无论是真实的还是想象的。很少有历史学家专门关注这些王子的异族，他们的观点有时是相互矛盾的。罗伯特·奥雷斯科(Robert Oresko)现在的标准定义指出了法国君主的朝臣之间的内在矛盾，他们将自己表现为外国主权家族的独立成员，同时又作为王室的臣民，因为他们在法国管辖范围内拥有大量财产。相比之下，Guy Antonetti不强调外国王子的外国品质，而是提出了一个论点，即采用这样一个头衔主要是基于王子与法国王室的血缘关系因素。随着跨国主义的出现
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Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_205
{"title":"Military Technology — Premodern — Ships — Medieval — Late Medieval","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121086629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_061
{"title":"Medieval — Hundred Years War — Sluys (battle of)","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047401018_011
{"title":"Medieval — Bouvines (battle of)","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047401018_011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047401018_011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365158,"journal":{"name":"A Cumulative Bibliography of Medieval Military History and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122920998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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