Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10502
R. Kumari, Priyatosh Sharma, Dr. Qysar Ayoub Khanday
The idea that India suffered deindustrialization during the 19th century has a long pedigree. The image of skilled weavers thrown back on the soil was a powerful metaphor for the economic stagnation Indian nationalists believed was brought on by British rule. However, whether and why deindustrialization actually happened in India remains open to debate. Quantitative evidence on the overall level of economic activity in 18th and 19th century India is scant, let alone evidence on its breakdown between agriculture, industry, and services. Most of the existing assessments of deindustrialization rely on very sparse data on employment and output shares. Data on prices are much more plentiful, and this paper offers a new (price dual) assessment of deindustrialization in 18th and 19th century India supported by newly compiled evidence on relative prices. A simple model of deindustrialization links relative prices to employment shares. We think the paper sheds new light on whether and when deindustrialization happened, whether it was more or less dramatic in India than elsewhere, and what its likely causes were. The existing literature primarily attributes India’s deindustrialization to Britain’s productivity gains in textile manufacture and to the world transport revolution. Improved British productivity, first in cottage production and then in factory goods, led to declining world textile prices, making production in India increasingly uneconomic (Roy 2002). These forces were reinforced by declining sea freight rates which served to foster trade and specialization for both Britain and India. As a result, Britain first won over India’s export market and eventually took over its domestic market as well. This explanation for deindustrialization was a potent weapon in the Indian nationalists’ critique of colonial rule (see e.g. Dutt 1906/1960, Nehru 1947). The historical literature suggests a second explanation for deindustrialization in the economic malaise India suffered following the dissolution of Mughal hegemony in the 18th century. We believe the turmoil associated with this political realignment ultimately led to aggregate supply-side problems for Indian manufacturing, even if producers in some regions benefited from the new order. While deindustrialization is easy enough to define, an assessment of its short and long run impact on living standards and GDP growth is more contentious and hinges on the root causes of deindustrialization.
{"title":"Industrial Revolution and Deindustrialization of Indian History – An Overview","authors":"R. Kumari, Priyatosh Sharma, Dr. Qysar Ayoub Khanday","doi":"10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10502","url":null,"abstract":"The idea that India suffered deindustrialization during the 19th century has a long pedigree. The image of skilled weavers thrown back on the soil was a powerful metaphor for the economic stagnation Indian nationalists believed was brought on by British rule. However, whether and why deindustrialization actually happened in India remains open to debate. Quantitative evidence on the overall level of economic activity in 18th and 19th century India is scant, let alone evidence on its breakdown between agriculture, industry, and services. Most of the existing assessments of deindustrialization rely on very sparse data on employment and output shares. Data on prices are much more plentiful, and this paper offers a new (price dual) assessment of deindustrialization in 18th and 19th century India supported by newly compiled evidence on relative prices. A simple model of deindustrialization links relative prices to employment shares. We think the paper sheds new light on whether and when deindustrialization happened, whether it was more or less dramatic in India than elsewhere, and what its likely causes were. The existing literature primarily attributes India’s deindustrialization to Britain’s productivity gains in textile manufacture and to the world transport revolution. Improved British productivity, first in cottage production and then in factory goods, led to declining world textile prices, making production in India increasingly uneconomic (Roy 2002). These forces were reinforced by declining sea freight rates which served to foster trade and specialization for both Britain and India. As a result, Britain first won over India’s export market and eventually took over its domestic market as well. This explanation for deindustrialization was a potent weapon in the Indian nationalists’ critique of colonial rule (see e.g. Dutt 1906/1960, Nehru 1947). The historical literature suggests a second explanation for deindustrialization in the economic malaise India suffered following the dissolution of Mughal hegemony in the 18th century. We believe the turmoil associated with this political realignment ultimately led to aggregate supply-side problems for Indian manufacturing, even if producers in some regions benefited from the new order. While deindustrialization is easy enough to define, an assessment of its short and long run impact on living standards and GDP growth is more contentious and hinges on the root causes of deindustrialization.","PeriodicalId":365321,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116724668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56025/ijaresm.2023.117231767
A. Yadav, Manisha Chandrakar, R. Devi, Aakanchha Singh, Varsha Sahu, Khomendra Kumar Sarwa, Dron Kumar Sahu
Phyllanthus emblica is a deciduous shrub used in the Ayurvedic medicinesystem and has been reported to boost defense against ailments. The different parts of these plants are used to manage a large number of health conditions such as liver disease, heart disease, ulcers, anemia, humanoids, and other diseases. The ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllanthus emblica was evaluatedfor its anthelmintic activity against the Pheretima posthuman(Indian adult earthworm).The fresh leafextract of thesewith different concentrations (30 mg/ml, 60 mg/ml, and, 100 mg/ml) was tested in invitro, to investigate the paralysis and death times of worms.The ethanolic extract showed concentration-dependent anthelmintic activity at all doses. Normal saline served as the control group while albendazole (20 mg/ml) served as the reference medication. The Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Phyllanthus emblica was found to possess vermifuge (paralysis) and vermicidal (death) activity at all dose levels.
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis and Anthelmintic Activity of Phyllanthus Emblica Linn","authors":"A. Yadav, Manisha Chandrakar, R. Devi, Aakanchha Singh, Varsha Sahu, Khomendra Kumar Sarwa, Dron Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.56025/ijaresm.2023.117231767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2023.117231767","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllanthus emblica is a deciduous shrub used in the Ayurvedic medicinesystem and has been reported to boost defense against ailments. The different parts of these plants are used to manage a large number of health conditions such as liver disease, heart disease, ulcers, anemia, humanoids, and other diseases. The ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllanthus emblica was evaluatedfor its anthelmintic activity against the Pheretima posthuman(Indian adult earthworm).The fresh leafextract of thesewith different concentrations (30 mg/ml, 60 mg/ml, and, 100 mg/ml) was tested in invitro, to investigate the paralysis and death times of worms.The ethanolic extract showed concentration-dependent anthelmintic activity at all doses. Normal saline served as the control group while albendazole (20 mg/ml) served as the reference medication. The Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Phyllanthus emblica was found to possess vermifuge (paralysis) and vermicidal (death) activity at all dose levels.","PeriodicalId":365321,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116873926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10612
Mrs. B. Benita, M. Mary, Ms. F. Jeslin
Identification of anomalous and malicious traffic in the Internet of Things (IoT) network is critical. This is difficult for Internet of Things security to keep an eye on and prevent unwanted assaults. In the Internet of Things network, machine learning (ML) approach models are offered to block fraudulent communication flows. Several ML models are prone to misclassifying predominantly harmful traffic flows due to insufficient feature selection. The issue must be investigated in order to identify appropriate characteristics for accurate malicious traffic identification in the Internet of Things network. A Deep Neural Network model is suggested as a solution to the problem, which uses the confusion matrix to accurately filter the model using the cross-entropy technique. Different variables have been given to the model to forecast the bot’s trustworthiness in order to address the trustworthiness of IoT devices. In this system, Deep Neural Networks is employed as a deep learning technique. As a result, this model can detect malicious attacks with a high degree of accuracy and consistency.
{"title":"DNN based Malicious Attack Detection System in Edge Computing","authors":"Mrs. B. Benita, M. Mary, Ms. F. Jeslin","doi":"10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2022.10612","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of anomalous and malicious traffic in the Internet of Things (IoT) network is critical. This is difficult for Internet of Things security to keep an eye on and prevent unwanted assaults. In the Internet of Things network, machine learning (ML) approach models are offered to block fraudulent communication flows. Several ML models are prone to misclassifying predominantly harmful traffic flows due to insufficient feature selection. The issue must be investigated in order to identify appropriate characteristics for accurate malicious traffic identification in the Internet of Things network. A Deep Neural Network model is suggested as a solution to the problem, which uses the confusion matrix to accurately filter the model using the cross-entropy technique. Different variables have been given to the model to forecast the bot’s trustworthiness in order to address the trustworthiness of IoT devices. In this system, Deep Neural Networks is employed as a deep learning technique. As a result, this model can detect malicious attacks with a high degree of accuracy and consistency.","PeriodicalId":365321,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127037479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a challenging clinical and public health problem among older adults in the United States, and elderly patients often have an atypical clinical picture. There is gender difference in occurrence of symptoms, women reported more nausea and shortness of breath than men. The absence of typical clinical signs hinders the management of coronary heart disease. The study aims to assess prevalent risk factors and warning signs & symptoms of MI patients and to find out difference in presentation of warning signs & symptoms of MI as per their age and gender.A descriptive research design that involved total enumerative sampling technique to collect data from the 150 MI patients at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir, using a “self-structured interview schedule”. Results: The findings revealed that most of the study subjects were males i.e. (72.7%0 and majority were less than 60 years of age i.e. 55.3% .There was a significant age difference in symptom presentation for sudden pain in the chest(p=0.041), sudden discomfort in the chest(p=0.041)sudden tightness in the chest(p=0.039), sudden pressure in the chest(p=0.040) palpitation(p=0.041), chest pain radiating to jaw ( p=0.045 ), chest pain radiating to neck (p=0.05 ), epigastric pain (p=0.041), nausea,(p=0.041), vomiting (p=0.039), belching (p=0.040) , indigestion, (p=0.046 ), shortness of breath( p=0.040 ), faint (syncope),(p=0.049), sudden sleep disturbances(p=0.048), hot or cold sensations (p=0.047 ) .In gender, there was a significant gender difference with males showing for sudden pain in the chest(p=0.047), sudden discomfort in the chest (p=0.047)sudden tightness in the chest(p=0.047), and sudden pressure in the chest (p=0.047) vomiting (p=0.047). Conclusion: Majority of the patients were smokers, physically inactive. Warning signs and symptoms of MI are influenced by age and gender. Less than 60 years patients have higher odds for typical warning signs & symptoms and more than 60 years have higher odds for atypical warning signs and symptoms of MI. Male patients have higher odds for typical signs and female patients have higher odds for atypical warning signs and symptoms of MI.
{"title":"Assessment of Prevalent Risk Factors and Warning Signs and Symptoms among Myocardial Infarction Patients Attending Cardiology Department, Skims","authors":"Zahida Bano, Mrs. Zareefa Bano, Suby Annu, Mubeena Akhter, Ishrat Yaqoob, A. Bashir, Bisma Manzoor, Iqra Zeenat, Roomesa Manzoor","doi":"10.56025/ijaresm.2022.1091255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2022.1091255","url":null,"abstract":"Myocardial infarction (MI) is a challenging clinical and public health problem among older adults in the United States, and elderly patients often have an atypical clinical picture. There is gender difference in occurrence of symptoms, women reported more nausea and shortness of breath than men. The absence of typical clinical signs hinders the management of coronary heart disease. The study aims to assess prevalent risk factors and warning signs & symptoms of MI patients and to find out difference in presentation of warning signs & symptoms of MI as per their age and gender.A descriptive research design that involved total enumerative sampling technique to collect data from the 150 MI patients at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir, using a “self-structured interview schedule”. Results: The findings revealed that most of the study subjects were males i.e. (72.7%0 and majority were less than 60 years of age i.e. 55.3% .There was a significant age difference in symptom presentation for sudden pain in the chest(p=0.041), sudden discomfort in the chest(p=0.041)sudden tightness in the chest(p=0.039), sudden pressure in the chest(p=0.040) palpitation(p=0.041), chest pain radiating to jaw ( p=0.045 ), chest pain radiating to neck (p=0.05 ), epigastric pain (p=0.041), nausea,(p=0.041), vomiting (p=0.039), belching (p=0.040) , indigestion, (p=0.046 ), shortness of breath( p=0.040 ), faint (syncope),(p=0.049), sudden sleep disturbances(p=0.048), hot or cold sensations (p=0.047 ) .In gender, there was a significant gender difference with males showing for sudden pain in the chest(p=0.047), sudden discomfort in the chest (p=0.047)sudden tightness in the chest(p=0.047), and sudden pressure in the chest (p=0.047) vomiting (p=0.047). Conclusion: Majority of the patients were smokers, physically inactive. Warning signs and symptoms of MI are influenced by age and gender. Less than 60 years patients have higher odds for typical warning signs & symptoms and more than 60 years have higher odds for atypical warning signs and symptoms of MI. Male patients have higher odds for typical signs and female patients have higher odds for atypical warning signs and symptoms of MI.","PeriodicalId":365321,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods","volume":"338 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114025809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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