The aging process and declining muscle strength and function are known to increase the risk of falls in older adults. The Nintendo Wii Balance Board (NWBB) is a cost-effective and easily accessible alternative to traditional dynamometry for measuring lower limb muscle strength. The study objective was to validate the ability of NWBB to assess lower limb muscle strength and screen the risk of falls in older adults. Ninety community-dwelling elderly women, divided into falling risk and non-falling groups, underwent lower limb muscle strength measurements using NWBB. Moreover, the power index of the sit-to-stand test (PSTS) was calculated from the time to completed Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) (TSTS). The correlation between each variable was assessed. The cut-off score, sensitivity, and specificity for the NWBB's measurement of lower limb muscular strength was determined using the receiver operating curve (ROC). The falling-risk elderly women showed significantly higher TSTS and significantly lower PSTS and leg muscle strength measured by NWBB than the non-falling risk group (p-value <0.01). A strong negative correlation was observed between TSTS and lower limb muscle strength measured by NWBB (r = - 0.747, p <0.001). The appropriate cut-off score was >79.83 kg to identify non-falling risk older adults with the best sensitivity (90.38 %) and specificity (86.84 %). In conclusion, the NWBB has demonstrated concurrent validity with established measures of lower limb muscle strength, making it a viable option for screening the risk of falls in elderly women populations.
{"title":"Exploring Nintendo Wii Balance Board as a tool to assess lower limb muscle strength for fall risk screening in elderly women","authors":"Weerasak Tapanya, Noppharath Sangkarit, Patchareeya Amput","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aging process and declining muscle strength and function are known to increase the risk of falls in older adults. The Nintendo Wii Balance Board (NWBB) is a cost-effective and easily accessible alternative to traditional dynamometry for measuring lower limb muscle strength. The study objective was to validate the ability of NWBB to assess lower limb muscle strength and screen the risk of falls in older adults. Ninety community-dwelling elderly women, divided into falling risk and non-falling groups, underwent lower limb muscle strength measurements using NWBB. Moreover, the power index of the sit-to-stand test (P<sub>STS</sub>) was calculated from the time to completed Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) (T<sub>STS</sub>). The correlation between each variable was assessed. The cut-off score, sensitivity, and specificity for the NWBB's measurement of lower limb muscular strength was determined using the receiver operating curve (ROC). The falling-risk elderly women showed significantly higher T<sub>STS</sub> and significantly lower P<sub>STS</sub> and leg muscle strength measured by NWBB than the non-falling risk group (p-value <0.01). A strong negative correlation was observed between T<sub>STS</sub> and lower limb muscle strength measured by NWBB (r = - 0.747, p <0.001). The appropriate cut-off score was >79.83 kg to identify non-falling risk older adults with the best sensitivity (90.38 %) and specificity (86.84 %). In conclusion, the NWBB has demonstrated concurrent validity with established measures of lower limb muscle strength, making it a viable option for screening the risk of falls in elderly women populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hypothesis that metabolic rate (MR) is inversely correlated with lifespan has long been debating. Another area of controversy is the relationship between MR and time-flow perception (TFP), and aging. Objectives: to study the impact of overweight and excess food intake on MR, TFP, chronic diseases, aging, lifespan.
Methods
Design: a systematic review. Settings: Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Kopernio, PubMed, and Mendeley were searched for articles published for 44 years (1979–2022). The study bases on a systematic literature review of 3612 articles published worldwide.
Results
In total, 107 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Overweight/overeating accelerates MR, leading to a hyper-metabolic mode of the body. MR and lifespan are inversely correlated. TFP depends on MR; accelerated MR provides TFP deceleration.
Every person has an individual ability to gain weight up to ‘maximum bodyweight’, which indicates the individual potential energy for weight gain. Overweight excessively consumes the body's ‘vital energy’, and devours the body potential energy. Weight loss creates ‘body potential power to weight gain’ that increases physical/mental activity, recovers from disease, or weight regain. The body should consume fewer calories due the decline in MR with age.
Conclusions
Our findings support that overweight and overeating increase in MR, which delays time-flow perception, accelerates aging, and limits lifespan. Metabolic intoxication should be managed during weight loss.
{"title":"Overweight effects on metabolic rate, time perception, diseases, aging, and lifespan: A systematic review with meta-regression analysis","authors":"Kuat Oshakbayev , Aigul Durmanova , Altay Nabiyev , Antonio Sarria-Santamera , Alisher Idrissov , Gulnara Bedelbayeva , Abduzhappar Gaipov , Ayan Mitra , Meruyert Gazaliyeva , Bibazhar Dukenbayeva , Gani Kuttymuratov","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The hypothesis that metabolic rate (MR) is inversely correlated with lifespan has long been debating. Another area of controversy is the relationship between MR and time-flow perception (TFP), and aging. Objectives: to study the impact of overweight and excess food intake on MR, TFP, chronic diseases, aging, lifespan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Design: a systematic review. Settings: Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Kopernio, PubMed, and Mendeley were searched for articles published for 44 years (1979–2022). The study bases on a systematic literature review of 3612 articles published worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 107 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Overweight/overeating accelerates MR, leading to a hyper-metabolic mode of the body. MR and lifespan are inversely correlated. TFP depends on MR; accelerated MR provides TFP deceleration.</div><div>Every person has an individual ability to gain weight up to ‘maximum bodyweight’, which indicates the individual potential energy for weight gain. Overweight excessively consumes the body's ‘vital energy’, and devours the body potential energy. Weight loss creates ‘body potential power to weight gain’ that increases physical/mental activity, recovers from disease, or weight regain. The body should consume fewer calories due the decline in MR with age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support that overweight and overeating increase in MR, which delays time-flow perception, accelerates aging, and limits lifespan. Metabolic intoxication should be managed during weight loss.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov <span><span>NCT06410352</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (05/08/2024): <span><span>https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid&equals;S000EG8K&selectaction&equals;Edit&uid&equals;U0006MBT&ts&equals;56&cx&equals;-vph5l9</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.002
Nabanita Ghosh , Krishnendu Sinha
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in both motor and non-motor symptoms. A defining feature of PD pathology is the presence of Lewy bodies, which are intracellular inclusions primarily composed of aggregated alpha-synuclein (α-syn) proteins. The abnormal buildup of α-syn, referred to as α-synucleopathy, is a key aspect of PD and other neurodegenerative conditions. Recent research indicates that bacterial amyloids, such as curli proteins produced by Escherichia coli, may influence α-syn aggregation, potentially playing a role in PD development. These discoveries provide a new perspective on the involvement of microbial factors in neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that curli proteins can cross-seed with α-syn and enhance its aggregation. Understanding these interactions opens up new therapeutic possibilities, including methods to inhibit curli production, prevent curli-α-syn interactions, or target the resulting pathological aggregates. Such therapeutic strategies could offer promising new ways to slow or stop the progression of PD and improve outcomes for patients.
{"title":"Curli protein: A potential contributor to α-synucleopathy in Parkinson's disease","authors":"Nabanita Ghosh , Krishnendu Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in both motor and non-motor symptoms. A defining feature of PD pathology is the presence of Lewy bodies, which are intracellular inclusions primarily composed of aggregated alpha-synuclein (α-syn) proteins. The abnormal buildup of α-syn, referred to as α-synucleopathy, is a key aspect of PD and other neurodegenerative conditions. Recent research indicates that bacterial amyloids, such as curli proteins produced by <em>Escherichia coli</em>, may influence α-syn aggregation, potentially playing a role in PD development. These discoveries provide a new perspective on the involvement of microbial factors in neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that curli proteins can cross-seed with α-syn and enhance its aggregation. Understanding these interactions opens up new therapeutic possibilities, including methods to inhibit curli production, prevent curli-α-syn interactions, or target the resulting pathological aggregates. Such therapeutic strategies could offer promising new ways to slow or stop the progression of PD and improve outcomes for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.003
Zhi-Xia Li , Jing-Dong J. Han
Aging is intricately linked to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, with neural stem cells (NSCs) playing a crucial role in brain function maintenance and repair. We examine the age-related metabolic shifts in NSCs, such as alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and protein expression, and how these changes affect NSCs' function of neurogenesis. We discuss the functional decline in NSCs’ proliferation and self-renewal capacity, mainly in the hippocampus, and their implications for cognitive function and emotional regulation. We also highlight the potential of understanding these cellular changes within NSCs to develop novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries, emphasizing the importance of harnessing NSC therapy in aging-related conditions.
{"title":"Neural stem cells in aging","authors":"Zhi-Xia Li , Jing-Dong J. Han","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is intricately linked to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, with neural stem cells (NSCs) playing a crucial role in brain function maintenance and repair. We examine the age-related metabolic shifts in NSCs, such as alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and protein expression, and how these changes affect NSCs' function of neurogenesis. We discuss the functional decline in NSCs’ proliferation and self-renewal capacity, mainly in the hippocampus, and their implications for cognitive function and emotional regulation. We also highlight the potential of understanding these cellular changes within NSCs to develop novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries, emphasizing the importance of harnessing NSC therapy in aging-related conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.001
Juan I. Bravo , Lucia Zhang , Bérénice A. Benayoun
LINE-1 (L1) and Alu are two families of transposable elements (TEs) occupying ∼17 % and ∼11 % of the human genome, respectively. Though only a small fraction of L1 copies is able to produce the machinery to mobilize autonomously, Alu and degenerate L1s can hijack their functional machinery and mobilize in trans. The expression and subsequent mobilization of L1 and Alu can exert pathological effects on their hosts. These features have made them promising focus subjects in studies of aging where they can become active. However, mechanisms regulating TE activity are incompletely characterized, especially in diverse human populations. To address these gaps, we leveraged genomic data from the 1000 Genomes Project to carry out a trans-ethnic GWAS of L1/Alu insertion singletons. These are rare, recently acquired insertions observed in only one person and which we used as proxies for variation in L1/Alu insertion numbers. Our approach identified SNVs in genomic regions containing genes with potential and known TE regulatory properties, and it enriched for SNVs in regions containing known regulators of L1 expression. Moreover, we identified reference TE copies and structural variants that associated with L1/Alu singletons, suggesting their potential contribution to TE insertion number variation. Finally, a transcriptional analysis of lymphoblastoid cells highlighted potential cell cycle alterations in a subset of samples harboring L1/Alu singletons. Collectively, our results suggest that known TE regulatory mechanisms may be active in diverse human populations, expand the list of loci implicated in TE insertion number variability, and reinforce links between TEs and disease.
{"title":"Multi-ancestry GWAS reveals loci linked to human variation in LINE-1- and Alu-insertion numbers","authors":"Juan I. Bravo , Lucia Zhang , Bérénice A. Benayoun","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LINE-1 (L1) and Alu are two families of transposable elements (TEs) occupying ∼17 % and ∼11 % of the human genome, respectively. Though only a small fraction of L1 copies is able to produce the machinery to mobilize autonomously, Alu and degenerate L1s can hijack their functional machinery and mobilize <em>in trans</em>. The expression and subsequent mobilization of L1 and Alu can exert pathological effects on their hosts. These features have made them promising focus subjects in studies of aging where they can become active. However, mechanisms regulating TE activity are incompletely characterized, especially in diverse human populations. To address these gaps, we leveraged genomic data from the 1000 Genomes Project to carry out a trans-ethnic GWAS of L1/Alu insertion singletons. These are rare, recently acquired insertions observed in only one person and which we used as proxies for variation in L1/Alu insertion numbers. Our approach identified SNVs in genomic regions containing genes with potential and known TE regulatory properties, and it enriched for SNVs in regions containing known regulators of L1 expression. Moreover, we identified reference TE copies and structural variants that associated with L1/Alu singletons, suggesting their potential contribution to TE insertion number variation. Finally, a transcriptional analysis of lymphoblastoid cells highlighted potential cell cycle alterations in a subset of samples harboring L1/Alu singletons. Collectively, our results suggest that known TE regulatory mechanisms may be active in diverse human populations, expand the list of loci implicated in TE insertion number variability, and reinforce links between TEs and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 25-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.04.001
Xuguang Chen, Sheng Huang, Shengyi Shi, Hanwen Sun, Lei Zhou, Heng Wang, Yan Li, Eric Gilson, Yi-ming Lu, Lan Hu, Jing Ye
{"title":"Metformin alleviates inflammatory response and severity rate of COVID-19 infection in elderly individuals","authors":"Xuguang Chen, Sheng Huang, Shengyi Shi, Hanwen Sun, Lei Zhou, Heng Wang, Yan Li, Eric Gilson, Yi-ming Lu, Lan Hu, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tma.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"2021 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.08.001
Marios Kyriazis , Alessandro Fontana , Ursula M. Jacob , Tilman Fritsch , Vittorio Calabrese
Hormesis is a biological phenomenon where exposure to a low dose of a stressor or toxin induces a beneficial adaptive response, whereas higher doses may have detrimental effects. The concept of hormesis is being increasingly appreciated not only in toxicology and in pharmacology, but also in nutrition, clinical medicine, and in situations involving everyday life. Hormesis is an adaptive response of cells and organisms to a moderate and intermittent stressful stimulation. Following such stimulation, the organism must respond, and it has to make a choice: either treat it as a positive ‘challenge’, adapting to it and increasing its robustness, or treat it as a negative ‘threat’ with detrimental consequences for physiology and health. In clinical and everyday situations it is usually difficult to advise patients on how to determine the strength of such stimulation, and when to decide that each new stimulation is too low (ineffective), moderate (appropriate for health), or excessive (damaging to health). In this paper we argue that it is possible to rely on the subjective feelings of ‘comfort vs discomfort’, for deciding about the strength of the stimulus: if each exposure to a stimulation is felt by the individual as a ’comfortable’ event, then it is likely that its effects are beneficial (a hormetic challenge). If it is felt as an ‘uncomfortable’ event, then it is likely that it is damaging to health (a threat). These feelings take place in the anterior insula which evaluates the state of resources for responding to an external or internal event, and are a result of the integration of signals from the amygdala, hippocampus, and the prefrontal cortex. Digital cognitive stimulation and nutritional hormesis are mentioned as two detailed examples.
{"title":"Are you feeling comfortable? – Measuring clinical hormesis","authors":"Marios Kyriazis , Alessandro Fontana , Ursula M. Jacob , Tilman Fritsch , Vittorio Calabrese","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hormesis is a biological phenomenon where exposure to a low dose of a stressor or toxin induces a beneficial adaptive response, whereas higher doses may have detrimental effects. The concept of hormesis is being increasingly appreciated not only in toxicology and in pharmacology, but also in nutrition, clinical medicine, and in situations involving everyday life. Hormesis is an adaptive response of cells and organisms to a moderate and intermittent stressful stimulation. Following such stimulation, the organism must respond, and it has to make a choice: either treat it as a positive ‘challenge’, adapting to it and increasing its robustness, or treat it as a negative ‘threat’ with detrimental consequences for physiology and health. In clinical and everyday situations it is usually difficult to advise patients on how to determine the strength of such stimulation, and when to decide that each new stimulation is too low (ineffective), moderate (appropriate for health), or excessive (damaging to health). In this paper we argue that it is possible to rely on the subjective feelings of ‘comfort vs discomfort’, for deciding about the strength of the stimulus: if each exposure to a stimulation is felt by the individual as a ’comfortable’ event, then it is likely that its effects are beneficial (a hormetic challenge). If it is felt as an ‘uncomfortable’ event, then it is likely that it is damaging to health (a threat). These feelings take place in the anterior insula which evaluates the state of resources for responding to an external or internal event, and are a result of the integration of signals from the amygdala, hippocampus, and the prefrontal cortex. Digital cognitive stimulation and nutritional hormesis are mentioned as two detailed examples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468501124000075/pdfft?md5=752ead64d42029777e8eed274405ad80&pid=1-s2.0-S2468501124000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.09.001
Rohit Sharma , Anamika Sharma
Plant secondary metabolites (PSM) including polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes are diverse dietary influencers of human health that are also emerging as potent longevity modulators. However, the mechanistic understanding of the anti-ageing effects of PSM vis-à-vis the modern hallmarks of ageing i.e., cellular senescence, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, telomere attrition, genome instability, proteostasis and autophagy, epigenetic alterations, nutrient sensing pathways, and stem cells dysfunctions, is limited. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the extent and depth of PSM as regulators of ageing within the framework of the modern hallmarks of ageing. Current evidence suggests that PSM can influence all known ageing hallmarks albeit to a varying degree. There is immense scope for identifying novel PSM targeting the hallmarks of ageing especially related to cellular senescence (as senolytics), gut microbiome, and epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, PSM and gut dysbiosis are of particular interest due to their mutual bidirectional interactions and amalgamation that could be useful in developing novel anti-ageing functional foods. Future research on the development of PSM-based anti-ageing therapies is recommended to focus on the integrative assessment of the modern hallmarks of ageing for a more holistic approach.
{"title":"Mechanistic insights of the anti-ageing dietary plant secondary metabolites vis-à-vis the modern hallmarks of ageing: Implications for developing novel anti-ageing foods","authors":"Rohit Sharma , Anamika Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant secondary metabolites (PSM) including polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes are diverse dietary influencers of human health that are also emerging as potent longevity modulators. However, the mechanistic understanding of the anti-ageing effects of PSM vis-à-vis the modern hallmarks of ageing i.e., cellular senescence, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, telomere attrition, genome instability, proteostasis and autophagy, epigenetic alterations, nutrient sensing pathways, and stem cells dysfunctions, is limited. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the extent and depth of PSM as regulators of ageing within the framework of the modern hallmarks of ageing. Current evidence suggests that PSM can influence all known ageing hallmarks albeit to a varying degree. There is immense scope for identifying novel PSM targeting the hallmarks of ageing especially related to cellular senescence (as senolytics), gut microbiome, and epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, PSM and gut dysbiosis are of particular interest due to their mutual bidirectional interactions and amalgamation that could be useful in developing novel anti-ageing functional foods. Future research on the development of PSM-based anti-ageing therapies is recommended to focus on the integrative assessment of the modern hallmarks of ageing for a more holistic approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 46-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.05.002
Dararatt Anantanasuwong , Supa Pengpid , Karl Peltzer
The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between lifestyle factors, mental ill-health indicators and activities of daily living (ADL) disability among ageing adults in Thailand. We analyzed the cohort data of participants (5616 in 2015, 3600 in 2017 and 2863 in 2020) over the age of 45 from three consecutive waves of HART (health, age, retirement) in Thailand. ADL disability was assessed with a 4-item ADL scale. In order to evaluate the longitudinal correlation between measurement of lifestyle factors, mental health indicators, and ADL disability between three survey waves, we conducted a Generalized Estimate Equation Analysis (GEE). The proportion of ADL disability increased from 3.8 % in 2015 to 7.0 % in 2020. In the final GEE logistic regression model, adjusted for various confounding factors, probable depression (aOR: 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.47–2.59), self-reported poor mental health (aOR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.45–2.27), poor quality of life/happiness (aOR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.61), loneliness (aOR: 1.66, 95 % CI: 1.33–2.08), brain disease/dementia (aOR: 4.84, 95 % CI: 2.70–8.67), physical inactivity (aOR: 6.91, 95 % CI: 4.41–10.84) and having underweight (AOR: 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.00–1.76) were positively associated with ADL disability. Current smoking (aOR: 0.39, 95 % CI: 0.24–0.64) was negatively associated with ADL disability.
We found that lifestyle factors (physical inactivity and having underweight) and loneliness, poor quality of life/happiness, probable depression, self-reported poor mental health, and brain disease/dementia were associated with ADL disability. Enhancing lifestyle factors relating to physical activity and healthy diet, and screening and treatment of mental ill-health indicators may reduce ADL disability in Thailand.
{"title":"Time-varying lifestyle and mental-ill health risk factors for the longitudinal development of daily activity limitations among middle-aged and older adults in Thailand","authors":"Dararatt Anantanasuwong , Supa Pengpid , Karl Peltzer","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tma.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between lifestyle factors, mental ill-health indicators and activities of daily living (ADL) disability among ageing adults in Thailand. We analyzed the cohort data of participants (5616 in 2015, 3600 in 2017 and 2863 in 2020) over the age of 45 from three consecutive waves of HART (health, age, retirement) in Thailand. ADL disability was assessed with a 4-item ADL scale. In order to evaluate the longitudinal correlation between measurement of lifestyle factors, mental health indicators, and ADL disability between three survey waves, we conducted a Generalized Estimate Equation Analysis (GEE). The proportion of ADL disability increased from 3.8 % in 2015 to 7.0 % in 2020. In the final GEE logistic regression model, adjusted for various confounding factors, probable depression (aOR: 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.47–2.59), self-reported poor mental health (aOR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.45–2.27), poor quality of life/happiness (aOR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.61), loneliness (aOR: 1.66, 95 % CI: 1.33–2.08), brain disease/dementia (aOR: 4.84, 95 % CI: 2.70–8.67), physical inactivity (aOR: 6.91, 95 % CI: 4.41–10.84) and having underweight (AOR: 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.00–1.76) were positively associated with ADL disability. Current smoking (aOR: 0.39, 95 % CI: 0.24–0.64) was negatively associated with ADL disability.</p><p>We found that lifestyle factors (physical inactivity and having underweight) and loneliness, poor quality of life/happiness, probable depression, self-reported poor mental health, and brain disease/dementia were associated with ADL disability. Enhancing lifestyle factors relating to physical activity and healthy diet, and screening and treatment of mental ill-health indicators may reduce ADL disability in Thailand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 20-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246850112400004X/pdfft?md5=af2ddb44c3d9262560b1c29a2b532ad2&pid=1-s2.0-S246850112400004X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2024.06.001
Lauren Smith , Baylor Owen, Paola Ibarra, London Blackwell, Anazah Seymour, Michael Byram, Alexis Brown, Robert Redditt, Mindy Farris
Glucose has been shown to shorten lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. The connection of glucose to stress resistance in C. elegans, however, appears to be complex. We have shown glucose to be protective against heat stress early in adulthood (1-day-old adults), in both wild-type (WT, N2 strain) animals and those with a mutation in the gene encoding the C. elegans insulin receptor, daf-2. The protection conferred by 1 day on high glucose continues in mid-life (7-day-old adults) for daf-2, but not for WT. Mid-life and late-life stress following 7 or 13 days on high glucose shows glucose enrichment to be neutral or detrimental for recovery from heat stress in both strains. These results were also observed for animals exposed to sorbitol instead of glucose, suggesting the osmotic stress conferred by high concentrations of carbohydrate to be the basis of the resistance to heat stress.
{"title":"Osmotic stressors confer age-dependent resistance to heat stress in wild-type and daf-2 Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"Lauren Smith , Baylor Owen, Paola Ibarra, London Blackwell, Anazah Seymour, Michael Byram, Alexis Brown, Robert Redditt, Mindy Farris","doi":"10.1016/j.tma.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tma.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glucose has been shown to shorten lifespan in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>. The connection of glucose to stress resistance in <em>C. elegans</em>, however, appears to be complex. We have shown glucose to be protective against heat stress early in adulthood (1-day-old adults), in both wild-type (WT, N2 strain) animals and those with a mutation in the gene encoding the <em>C. elegans</em> insulin receptor, <em>daf-</em>2. The protection conferred by 1 day on high glucose continues in mid-life (7-day-old adults) for <em>daf-2</em>, but not for WT. Mid-life and late-life stress following 7 or 13 days on high glucose shows glucose enrichment to be neutral or detrimental for recovery from heat stress in both strains. These results were also observed for animals exposed to sorbitol instead of glucose, suggesting the osmotic stress conferred by high concentrations of carbohydrate to be the basis of the resistance to heat stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36555,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine of Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 25-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468501124000051/pdfft?md5=cb9418c3a5b9473b412b46efc973f9b4&pid=1-s2.0-S2468501124000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141484955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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