In the application of 3D interactive narratives, virtual camera is a crucial element for appropriate presentation of scenarios happening dynamically. In this work, we have designed a virtual cinematographic system to generate appropriate camera plans automatically in a 3D virtual environment for interactive storytelling. In such a system, not only the story line but also the relative positions between the actors may be changed at run time due to interaction with the user. Therefore, a camera plan that can reflect the changes in dynamic scenarios needs to be generated automatically at run time. We have also designed a scripting language to describe the directive details of the story and implemented a camera planning system to generate camera configurations according to the scenario descriptions. We will use an example to illustrate the idea of interactive narratives in 3D environment and how appropriate camera motions can be generated according to the result of interaction.
{"title":"Context-aware Camera Planning for Interactive Storytelling","authors":"C. Chen, Tsai-Yen Li","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.15","url":null,"abstract":"In the application of 3D interactive narratives, virtual camera is a crucial element for appropriate presentation of scenarios happening dynamically. In this work, we have designed a virtual cinematographic system to generate appropriate camera plans automatically in a 3D virtual environment for interactive storytelling. In such a system, not only the story line but also the relative positions between the actors may be changed at run time due to interaction with the user. Therefore, a camera plan that can reflect the changes in dynamic scenarios needs to be generated automatically at run time. We have also designed a scripting language to describe the directive details of the story and implemented a camera planning system to generate camera configurations according to the scenario descriptions. We will use an example to illustrate the idea of interactive narratives in 3D environment and how appropriate camera motions can be generated according to the result of interaction.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125108709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanatep Techopittayakul, Chitsanuphong Thanutong, N. Dejdumrong
Based on the works of scan conversion of B'ezier curve, it has been proved that using degree elevation with Bresenham's line algorithm to construct a B'ezier curve is the fastest way. In this paper this idea has been applied to construct a rational B'ezier curve by converting rational B'ezier control points into non-rational B'ezier control points. Then use the degree elevation technique to construct the curve. This method is proven to be faster than any existing methods for rendering rational B'ezier curve e.g. rational Bernstein basis function. Moreover, the scan conversion used in this method makes it suitable for raster display devices.
{"title":"An Approach to the Approximation of Rational Bézier Curve","authors":"Tanatep Techopittayakul, Chitsanuphong Thanutong, N. Dejdumrong","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.25","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the works of scan conversion of B'ezier curve, it has been proved that using degree elevation with Bresenham's line algorithm to construct a B'ezier curve is the fastest way. In this paper this idea has been applied to construct a rational B'ezier curve by converting rational B'ezier control points into non-rational B'ezier control points. Then use the degree elevation technique to construct the curve. This method is proven to be faster than any existing methods for rendering rational B'ezier curve e.g. rational Bernstein basis function. Moreover, the scan conversion used in this method makes it suitable for raster display devices.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132579375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a certain case in the domain of human actions, hand gestures can be expressed by the motion of user's hand to provide nature interaction in many applications. In this paper we proposed a real-time hand gesture recognition system based on robust hand tracking from depth image sequences. Using hidden markov models (HMM) with varying states, gesture models are trained online along with user's feedback, and the real-time classification is taken simultaneously. A gesture may be falsely classified as the models are trained insufficiently at beginning, in which case we provide a feedback and update the gesture model with this gesture sample. The performance of the system can always be improved by more updating, and in our experiment we give an appropriate result after a reasonable number of samples are used for training.
{"title":"Real-time Hand Gesture Recognition from Depth Image Sequences","authors":"Hong-Min Zhu, Chi-Man Pun","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.13","url":null,"abstract":"As a certain case in the domain of human actions, hand gestures can be expressed by the motion of user's hand to provide nature interaction in many applications. In this paper we proposed a real-time hand gesture recognition system based on robust hand tracking from depth image sequences. Using hidden markov models (HMM) with varying states, gesture models are trained online along with user's feedback, and the real-time classification is taken simultaneously. A gesture may be falsely classified as the models are trained insufficiently at beginning, in which case we provide a feedback and update the gesture model with this gesture sample. The performance of the system can always be improved by more updating, and in our experiment we give an appropriate result after a reasonable number of samples are used for training.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126202274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the new approach of the Bézier curve rendering using linear and circular arc approximations, instead of a recursive method that calculates all points on the curve pixel by pixel. The new developed algorithm also works better than a pure-linear approximation which generates rough output, and a pure-circular-arc approximation which involves with too many parameters. The purposed algorithm subdivides the curve into a series of lines and arcs satisfying the user-defined tolerance. This new method can reduce the number of points involved with the calculation and also decrease the computational time since the software built-in line and arc functions calculate faster than the recursive method. This algorithm is based on the monomial form approach which can provides more efficiency and flexibility, compare with traditional methods that are mostly based on a polynomial basis or the de Casteljau's algorithm.
{"title":"Modeling of Bézier Curves Using a Combination of Linear and Circular Arc Approximations","authors":"P. Kaewsaiha, N. Dejdumrong","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.20","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the new approach of the Bézier curve rendering using linear and circular arc approximations, instead of a recursive method that calculates all points on the curve pixel by pixel. The new developed algorithm also works better than a pure-linear approximation which generates rough output, and a pure-circular-arc approximation which involves with too many parameters. The purposed algorithm subdivides the curve into a series of lines and arcs satisfying the user-defined tolerance. This new method can reduce the number of points involved with the calculation and also decrease the computational time since the software built-in line and arc functions calculate faster than the recursive method. This algorithm is based on the monomial form approach which can provides more efficiency and flexibility, compare with traditional methods that are mostly based on a polynomial basis or the de Casteljau's algorithm.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134129564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our goal is to develop a rough sketch-based animation tool which is simple enough to use for novice users. The animation process begins with sketching an object to be animated. Our tool consists of object sketching and motion sketching. In object sketching, user sketches an object and then turns into a sketched object using modeling operations such as rigid transformation and grouping. An animated motion is then created for the sketched object by motion sketching. Motion sketching provides two motion creation techniques: a sketch-based motion path editing and a skeletal motion editing which can add articulated structure and its motion to the sketched object.
{"title":"A Sketch-based Skeletal Figure Animation Tool for Novice Users","authors":"S. Yonemoto","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.18","url":null,"abstract":"Our goal is to develop a rough sketch-based animation tool which is simple enough to use for novice users. The animation process begins with sketching an object to be animated. Our tool consists of object sketching and motion sketching. In object sketching, user sketches an object and then turns into a sketched object using modeling operations such as rigid transformation and grouping. An animated motion is then created for the sketched object by motion sketching. Motion sketching provides two motion creation techniques: a sketch-based motion path editing and a skeletal motion editing which can add articulated structure and its motion to the sketched object.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114552820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces a particular mouth image controlled hyper-link method that is used in web page switching. The traditional switching method is done by computer mouse click or screen touched. This method is not convenient compared to the traditional method, but can used by the handicapped people, who are not able to use the computer mouse or touch the computer screen to switch the web pages.
{"title":"Mouth Image Controlled Web Page","authors":"Yuan-Fei Cheng","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.16","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a particular mouth image controlled hyper-link method that is used in web page switching. The traditional switching method is done by computer mouse click or screen touched. This method is not convenient compared to the traditional method, but can used by the handicapped people, who are not able to use the computer mouse or touch the computer screen to switch the web pages.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115043649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oriented Animal-mask on the bronze vessels in the Shang and Zhou dynasty is an art of abstraction and stylization from animal face. The non-photo realistic rendering technology tires to establish a system to reproduce the style after analyzing how people create artworks. In this paper, we develop a pattern generation method for the animal-mask decorations. By analyzing the structure and identifying association between animals and animal-mask decorations, we generate facial features from employing a structural matching method to find correspondence from an sample database. For pattern stylization, we propose a modified reaction-diffusion method to stylize the input image patterns and enhance the features in animal-mask decoration. And the proposed reaction-diffusion method can also simulate the diffusion alone user designated flow vectors to generate background decoration patterns. Combining the processes above, we can generate an animal-mask decoration style image. We demonstrate results with a number of animal input images.
{"title":"Oriented Animal-mask Decoration Pattern Generation","authors":"Ming-Te Chi, W. Liou","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.19","url":null,"abstract":"Oriented Animal-mask on the bronze vessels in the Shang and Zhou dynasty is an art of abstraction and stylization from animal face. The non-photo realistic rendering technology tires to establish a system to reproduce the style after analyzing how people create artworks. In this paper, we develop a pattern generation method for the animal-mask decorations. By analyzing the structure and identifying association between animals and animal-mask decorations, we generate facial features from employing a structural matching method to find correspondence from an sample database. For pattern stylization, we propose a modified reaction-diffusion method to stylize the input image patterns and enhance the features in animal-mask decoration. And the proposed reaction-diffusion method can also simulate the diffusion alone user designated flow vectors to generate background decoration patterns. Combining the processes above, we can generate an animal-mask decoration style image. We demonstrate results with a number of animal input images.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134341151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A quartic trigonometric Bézier curve with two shape parameters based on newly constructed trigonometric basis functions is presented in this paper. The curve is drawn by using end point curvature conditions and carries all the geometric features of the ordinary quartic Bézier curve. The presence of shape parameters provides an opportunity to adjust the shape of the curve by simply altering their values. The G2 and C2 continuity under appropriate conditions is achieved by joining two pieces of trigonometric curve.
{"title":"The Quartic Trigonometric Bézier Curve with Two Shape Parameters","authors":"U. Bashir, M. Abbas, J. Ali","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.21","url":null,"abstract":"A quartic trigonometric Bézier curve with two shape parameters based on newly constructed trigonometric basis functions is presented in this paper. The curve is drawn by using end point curvature conditions and carries all the geometric features of the ordinary quartic Bézier curve. The presence of shape parameters provides an opportunity to adjust the shape of the curve by simply altering their values. The G2 and C2 continuity under appropriate conditions is achieved by joining two pieces of trigonometric curve.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130332076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a bounding volume hierarchy construction based on a culling technique for performing ray tracing on manycore GPUs. The objects are divided into view-sets of triangles with respect to a set of view targets (including the camera and the light sources). A bounding volume hierarchy, namely reduced bounding volume hierarchy (RBVH), is then constructed for each view-set. Each RBVH contains a portion of the triangles of the objects. The ray traversal is improved for primary and shadow rays, leading to a net improvement of ray tracing. We also handle multiple lights that are close to each other. Our method has been implemented on manycore GPUs and evaluated for dynamics scenes. Experimental results show that our method improves ray tracing for primary and shadow rays.
{"title":"GPU Ray Tracing Based on Reduced Bounding Volume Hierarchies","authors":"Sai-Keung Wong, Yu-Chun Cheng, Shing-Yeu Lii","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.12","url":null,"abstract":"We present a bounding volume hierarchy construction based on a culling technique for performing ray tracing on manycore GPUs. The objects are divided into view-sets of triangles with respect to a set of view targets (including the camera and the light sources). A bounding volume hierarchy, namely reduced bounding volume hierarchy (RBVH), is then constructed for each view-set. Each RBVH contains a portion of the triangles of the objects. The ray traversal is improved for primary and shadow rays, leading to a net improvement of ray tracing. We also handle multiple lights that are close to each other. Our method has been implemented on manycore GPUs and evaluated for dynamics scenes. Experimental results show that our method improves ray tracing for primary and shadow rays.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114319056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ray Casting is a direct volume rendering technique for visualizing 3D arrays of sampled data. It has vital applications in medical and biological imaging. Nevertheless, it is inherently open to cluttered classification results. It suffers from overlapping transfer function values and lacks a sufficiently powerful voxel parsing mechanism for object distinction. In this work, we are proposing an image processing based approach towards enhancing ray casting technique for object distinction process. The rendering mode is modified to accommodate masking information generated by a K-means based hybrid segmentation system. An effective set of image processing techniques are creatively employed in construction of a generic segmentation system capable of generating object membership information. Preprocessing, initialization of cluster centers, clustering, statistical optimization, edge detection & analysis and spatial adjustment are respectively the six main segmentation phases.
{"title":"An Automated Adaption of K-means Based Hybrid Segmentation System into Direct Volume Rendering Object Distinction Mode for Enhanced Visualization Effect","authors":"A. A. Irani, B. Belaton","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2012.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2012.14","url":null,"abstract":"Ray Casting is a direct volume rendering technique for visualizing 3D arrays of sampled data. It has vital applications in medical and biological imaging. Nevertheless, it is inherently open to cluttered classification results. It suffers from overlapping transfer function values and lacks a sufficiently powerful voxel parsing mechanism for object distinction. In this work, we are proposing an image processing based approach towards enhancing ray casting technique for object distinction process. The rendering mode is modified to accommodate masking information generated by a K-means based hybrid segmentation system. An effective set of image processing techniques are creatively employed in construction of a generic segmentation system capable of generating object membership information. Preprocessing, initialization of cluster centers, clustering, statistical optimization, edge detection & analysis and spatial adjustment are respectively the six main segmentation phases.","PeriodicalId":365897,"journal":{"name":"2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115989784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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