The thermal environment of a building plays a direct role in the energy consumption of the building. Veranda, considered as a common element of a building in a hot summer and very cold zone, connects indoor and outdoor spaces and provides a transitional space for the building. It has certain influences on the thermal environment of the use space. In this paper, a veranda on the east side of a building in Wuhan, China is taken as the research subject, and the thermal data of indoor and outdoor settings are collected through a network of field sensors. The thermal characteristics of the transitional space are then studied, and the thermal insulation effects of the veranda is comprehensively investigated. The statistical results show that the veranda has a good thermal insulation effect in summer, and the reasonable design of transitional space is instrumental to the improvement of thermal environment and the reduction of building energy consumption.
{"title":"Measurement and Analysis of the Thermal Insulation Effect of the Transition Space of a Building Veranda in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone","authors":"Yanyan Huang, Weichang Liu","doi":"10.5334/fce.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.86","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal environment of a building plays a direct role in the energy consumption of the building. Veranda, considered as a common element of a building in a hot summer and very cold zone, connects indoor and outdoor spaces and provides a transitional space for the building. It has certain influences on the thermal environment of the use space. In this paper, a veranda on the east side of a building in Wuhan, China is taken as the research subject, and the thermal data of indoor and outdoor settings are collected through a network of field sensors. The thermal characteristics of the transitional space are then studied, and the thermal insulation effects of the veranda is comprehensively investigated. The statistical results show that the veranda has a good thermal insulation effect in summer, and the reasonable design of transitional space is instrumental to the improvement of thermal environment and the reduction of building energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46581236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Jarimi, K. Qu, Shihao Zhang, Q. Lv, Jun Liao, Benyuan Chen, H. Lv, Chunfu Cheng, Jin Li, Yuehong Su, Shi-rui Dong, S. Riffat
In this study, we have investigated a hybrid thin film PV vacuum glazing called: ‘PV VG-4L’. The glazing involves an integration between a thin film PV glazing with a double vacuum glazing (both manufactured independently), and an additional layer of self-cleaning coated glass which totalling four layers of glass. The mathematical model of the PV VG-4L designs were developed and numerically solved in MATLAB. To evaluate the performance of the PV VG-4L, the prototype was manufactured and investigated at lab-scale and also under real conditions. Lab-scale experiments were conducted at steady state conditions using a TEC driven calibrated hot box at the Sustainable Energy Research Lab, University of Nottingham, UK. Meanwhile, outdoors, the prototype was tested at a research house at the University of Nottingham, UK. Under the influence of solar irradiance, the electrical performance of the PV-VG and the temperature difference between the surfaces of the glazing were analysed. However, the measurement of U-value under real conditions is not reliable due to the influence of solar irradiance on the heat flux sensor and also due to the absorbed solar irradiance by the thin film PV layer. Nevertheless, during low to zero solar irradiance, the U-value of the prototype can be estimated. The developed model was then validated against the experimental results by direct comparison to the trend of the experimental and theoretical curves obtained, and also by conducting error analysis using root mean squared percentage deviation (RMSPD) method. Testing using the calibrated hot box, adhering closely to ISO 12567 standards, resulted in an average measured total U-value of 0.6 W/m2K which is when compared to a single thin film PV glazing with a typical U-value of 5 W/m2K; the U-value is higher by almost 90%. From the analysis, the computed RMSPD value for the glazing surface temperature and the U-value are 4.02% and 0.92% respectively. Meanwhile, field testing under real conditions with a 0.4 m × 0.4 m PV VG-4L prototype found that 14 W/m2 power can be generated by the PV VG-4L at average solar irradiance of ~600 W/m2. RMSPD computed glazing surface temperatures, electrical power generated under real conditions and U-value are 2.90%, 8.70% and 2.89% respectively. The theoretical and experimental results are concluded to be in good agreement. This study has significant contributions to the knowledge of building integrated photovoltaic PV technology. The mathematical model that has been developed can be used for PV VG-4L design optimisation and also to simulate the performance of PV VG-4L under various conditions. At building efficiency level, the PV VG-4L not only can produce power, but it also has high insulating properties. The promising U-value implies its range of potential applications which can be improved depending on the energy needs and applications, such as for BIPV solar facade (PV curtain walling) in commercial buildings, greenhouses, skylight and conse
{"title":"Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Thin Film Photovoltaic (PV) Vacuum Glazing","authors":"H. Jarimi, K. Qu, Shihao Zhang, Q. Lv, Jun Liao, Benyuan Chen, H. Lv, Chunfu Cheng, Jin Li, Yuehong Su, Shi-rui Dong, S. Riffat","doi":"10.5334/fce.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.73","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we have investigated a hybrid thin film PV vacuum glazing called: ‘PV VG-4L’. The glazing involves an integration between a thin film PV glazing with a double vacuum glazing (both manufactured independently), and an additional layer of self-cleaning coated glass which totalling four layers of glass. The mathematical model of the PV VG-4L designs were developed and numerically solved in MATLAB. To evaluate the performance of the PV VG-4L, the prototype was manufactured and investigated at lab-scale and also under real conditions. Lab-scale experiments were conducted at steady state conditions using a TEC driven calibrated hot box at the Sustainable Energy Research Lab, University of Nottingham, UK. Meanwhile, outdoors, the prototype was tested at a research house at the University of Nottingham, UK. Under the influence of solar irradiance, the electrical performance of the PV-VG and the temperature difference between the surfaces of the glazing were analysed. However, the measurement of U-value under real conditions is not reliable due to the influence of solar irradiance on the heat flux sensor and also due to the absorbed solar irradiance by the thin film PV layer. Nevertheless, during low to zero solar irradiance, the U-value of the prototype can be estimated. The developed model was then validated against the experimental results by direct comparison to the trend of the experimental and theoretical curves obtained, and also by conducting error analysis using root mean squared percentage deviation (RMSPD) method. Testing using the calibrated hot box, adhering closely to ISO 12567 standards, resulted in an average measured total U-value of 0.6 W/m2K which is when compared to a single thin film PV glazing with a typical U-value of 5 W/m2K; the U-value is higher by almost 90%. From the analysis, the computed RMSPD value for the glazing surface temperature and the U-value are 4.02% and 0.92% respectively. Meanwhile, field testing under real conditions with a 0.4 m × 0.4 m PV VG-4L prototype found that 14 W/m2 power can be generated by the PV VG-4L at average solar irradiance of ~600 W/m2. RMSPD computed glazing surface temperatures, electrical power generated under real conditions and U-value are 2.90%, 8.70% and 2.89% respectively. The theoretical and experimental results are concluded to be in good agreement. This study has significant contributions to the knowledge of building integrated photovoltaic PV technology. The mathematical model that has been developed can be used for PV VG-4L design optimisation and also to simulate the performance of PV VG-4L under various conditions. At building efficiency level, the PV VG-4L not only can produce power, but it also has high insulating properties. The promising U-value implies its range of potential applications which can be improved depending on the energy needs and applications, such as for BIPV solar facade (PV curtain walling) in commercial buildings, greenhouses, skylight and conse","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43769520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-002
{"title":"Cities of Vision: A visual history of the future","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74224361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-007
{"title":"Tomorrow’s Cities Today: Conclusions and alternative futures","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82384197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-003
{"title":"Rendering Tomorrow: The impact of visualization techniques","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76256953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-005
{"title":"Social Futures: Experiments, ephemerality and experiences","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83129010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-001
{"title":"Introduction: Futures, imagination and visions for cities","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78046815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5040/9781350011670.ch-006
{"title":"Global Futures: Challenges and opportunities for collective life","authors":"","doi":"10.5040/9781350011670.ch-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350011670.ch-006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79763151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Semprini, A. Jahanbin, B. Pulvirenti, Paolo Guidorzi
An accurate assessment of thermal comfort inside a building is essential since it is associated to the human’s perception of well-being and comfort. In the present study, a 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code is employed to evaluate the indoor comfort indexes for a university office located in a historical building, built of thick masonry walls and of large single-glass windows, using fan coil as an air conditioning system. The experimental measurement has been carried out to validate the numerical model and to obtain the required initial and boundary conditions. The experimental set-up employs an innovative system for the sensor localization, based on acoustic sources, signal processing and trilateration algorithms. By means of finite volume method, the turbulent air flow, the local heat transfer characteristics and the operative temperature inside the room are obtained for a typical winter day. The results yielded by numerical simulations allow to evaluate thermal comfort condition at working places inside the office and to identify the best comfort areas. The results show that even when the air temperature is quite uniform inside the room, the operative temperature at the positions where occupants are placed is significantly affected by surface temperature of the windows, due to the large window to wall surface ratio and also by the position and operational condition of fan coil. It is concluded that 3D comfort map allows to optimize internal layout of the office room; furthermore, the possibility of thermal comfort optimization in specific workstation together with local control of heating system lead to gain remarkable energy saving results.
{"title":"Evaluation of Thermal Comfort Inside an Office Equipped with a Fan Coil HVAC System: A CFD Approach","authors":"G. Semprini, A. Jahanbin, B. Pulvirenti, Paolo Guidorzi","doi":"10.5334/fce.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.78","url":null,"abstract":"An accurate assessment of thermal comfort inside a building is essential since it is associated to the human’s perception of well-being and comfort. In the present study, a 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code is employed to evaluate the indoor comfort indexes for a university office located in a historical building, built of thick masonry walls and of large single-glass windows, using fan coil as an air conditioning system. The experimental measurement has been carried out to validate the numerical model and to obtain the required initial and boundary conditions. The experimental set-up employs an innovative system for the sensor localization, based on acoustic sources, signal processing and trilateration algorithms. By means of finite volume method, the turbulent air flow, the local heat transfer characteristics and the operative temperature inside the room are obtained for a typical winter day. The results yielded by numerical simulations allow to evaluate thermal comfort condition at working places inside the office and to identify the best comfort areas. The results show that even when the air temperature is quite uniform inside the room, the operative temperature at the positions where occupants are placed is significantly affected by surface temperature of the windows, due to the large window to wall surface ratio and also by the position and operational condition of fan coil. It is concluded that 3D comfort map allows to optimize internal layout of the office room; furthermore, the possibility of thermal comfort optimization in specific workstation together with local control of heating system lead to gain remarkable energy saving results.","PeriodicalId":36755,"journal":{"name":"Future Cities and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42025566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：