Abstract Let R be a commutative ring with identity. An ideal I of a ring R is called an annihilating-ideal if there exists a nonzero ideal J of R such that IJ = (0) and we use the notation 𝔸(R) for the set of all annihilating-ideals of R. In this paper, we introduce the extended annihilating-ideal graph of R, denoted by 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R). It is the simple graph with vertices 𝔸(R)* = 𝔸(R) {(0)}, and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent whenever there exist two positive integers n and m such that InJm = (0) with In ≠ (0) and Jm ≠ (0). Here we discuss in detail the diameter and girth of 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R) and investigate the coincidence of 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R) with the annihilating-ideal graph 𝔸𝔾 (R). Moreover we propose open questions in this paper.
{"title":"Extended Annihilating-Ideal Graph of a Commutative Ring","authors":"S. Nithya, G. Elavarasi","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1390","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Let R be a commutative ring with identity. An ideal I of a ring R is called an annihilating-ideal if there exists a nonzero ideal J of R such that IJ = (0) and we use the notation 𝔸(R) for the set of all annihilating-ideals of R. In this paper, we introduce the extended annihilating-ideal graph of R, denoted by 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R). It is the simple graph with vertices 𝔸(R)* = 𝔸(R) {(0)}, and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent whenever there exist two positive integers n and m such that InJm = (0) with In ≠ (0) and Jm ≠ (0). Here we discuss in detail the diameter and girth of 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R) and investigate the coincidence of 𝔼𝔸𝔾(R) with the annihilating-ideal graph 𝔸𝔾 (R). Moreover we propose open questions in this paper.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"279 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47236207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this paper, the notion of generalized centroid is applied to hyperrings. We show that the generalized centroid C of a semiprime hyperring R is a regular hyperring. Also, we show that if C is a hyperfield, then R is a prime hyperring.
{"title":"Generalized Centroid of Hyperrings","authors":"H. Yazarli, B. Davvaz, Damla Yılmaz","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the notion of generalized centroid is applied to hyperrings. We show that the generalized centroid C of a semiprime hyperring R is a regular hyperring. Also, we show that if C is a hyperfield, then R is a prime hyperring.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"5 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49660264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this paper, the notions of commutator and derivation in additively regular -semirings with (A2, Г)-condition are introduced. We also characterize Jordan product for additively regular Г -semiring and establish some results which investigate the relationship between commutators, derivations and inner derivations. In 1957, E.C. Posner has shown that if there exists a non-zero centralizing derivation in a prime ring R, then R is commutative. This result is extended in the frame work of derivations of prime additively regular Г -semirings.
{"title":"Study of Additively Regular Г -Semirings and Derivations","authors":"M. Dadhwal, Neelam","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1378","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the notions of commutator and derivation in additively regular -semirings with (A2, Г)-condition are introduced. We also characterize Jordan product for additively regular Г -semiring and establish some results which investigate the relationship between commutators, derivations and inner derivations. In 1957, E.C. Posner has shown that if there exists a non-zero centralizing derivation in a prime ring R, then R is commutative. This result is extended in the frame work of derivations of prime additively regular Г -semirings.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"201 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this paper, we introduce the notion of a (strong) hyper RL-ideal in hyper residuated lattices and give some properties and characterizations of them. Next, we characterize the (strong) hyper RL-ideals generated by a subset and give some characterizations of the lattice of these hyper RL-ideals. Particularly, we prove that this lattice is algebraic and compact elements are finitely generated hyper RL-ideals, and obtain some isomorphism theorems. Finally, we introduce the notion of nodal hyper RL-ideals in a hyper residuated lattice and investigate their properties. We prove that the set of nodal hyper RL-ideals is a complete Brouwerian lattice and under suitable operations is a Heyting algebra.
{"title":"Hyper Rl-Ideals in Hyper Residuated Lattices","authors":"M. Bakhshi","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1377","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we introduce the notion of a (strong) hyper RL-ideal in hyper residuated lattices and give some properties and characterizations of them. Next, we characterize the (strong) hyper RL-ideals generated by a subset and give some characterizations of the lattice of these hyper RL-ideals. Particularly, we prove that this lattice is algebraic and compact elements are finitely generated hyper RL-ideals, and obtain some isomorphism theorems. Finally, we introduce the notion of nodal hyper RL-ideals in a hyper residuated lattice and investigate their properties. We prove that the set of nodal hyper RL-ideals is a complete Brouwerian lattice and under suitable operations is a Heyting algebra.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"17 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47686758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The notions of an interior GE-filter, a weak interior GE-filter and a belligerent interior GE-filter are introduced, and their relations and properties are investigated. Example of a GE-filter which is neither an interior GE-filter nor a weak interior GE-filter is provided. Relations between a weak interior GE-filter and an interior GE-filter are discussed, and conditions under which every weak interior GE-filter is an interior GE-filter are investigated. Relations between a belligerent interior GE-filter and an interior GE-filter are displayed, and conditions for an interior GE-filter to be a belligerent interior GE-filter are considered. Given a subset and an element, an interior GE-filter is established, and conditions for a subset to be a belligerent interior GE-filter are discussed. The extensibility of the beligerant interior GE-filter is debated. Relationships between weak interior GE-filter and belligerent interior GE-filter of type 1, type 2 and type 3 are founded.
{"title":"Interior GE-Filters of GE-Algebras","authors":"S. Song, R. Bandaru, D. Romano, Y. Jun","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1385","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The notions of an interior GE-filter, a weak interior GE-filter and a belligerent interior GE-filter are introduced, and their relations and properties are investigated. Example of a GE-filter which is neither an interior GE-filter nor a weak interior GE-filter is provided. Relations between a weak interior GE-filter and an interior GE-filter are discussed, and conditions under which every weak interior GE-filter is an interior GE-filter are investigated. Relations between a belligerent interior GE-filter and an interior GE-filter are displayed, and conditions for an interior GE-filter to be a belligerent interior GE-filter are considered. Given a subset and an element, an interior GE-filter is established, and conditions for a subset to be a belligerent interior GE-filter are discussed. The extensibility of the beligerant interior GE-filter is debated. Relationships between weak interior GE-filter and belligerent interior GE-filter of type 1, type 2 and type 3 are founded.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"217 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this paper, the notions of n-fold positive implicative prefilter and n-fold implicative prefilter in EQ-algebras are introduced and several properties, characterizations and equivalent conditions are provided. It is proved that the quotient EQ-algebra induced by an n-fold positive implicative prefilter is n-idempotent. Also, it is proved that in an n-idempotent EQ-algebra, any filter is an n-fold positive implicative filter. In the sequel, we investigate the relationships between these two types of prefilters. Finally, some characterizations of n-fold implicative prefilters in bounded EQ-algebras are given.
{"title":"New Kinds of Prefilters in EQ-Algebras","authors":"A. Paad, M. Bakhshi, Azam Jafari, Maryam Rahimi","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1382","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the notions of n-fold positive implicative prefilter and n-fold implicative prefilter in EQ-algebras are introduced and several properties, characterizations and equivalent conditions are provided. It is proved that the quotient EQ-algebra induced by an n-fold positive implicative prefilter is n-idempotent. Also, it is proved that in an n-idempotent EQ-algebra, any filter is an n-fold positive implicative filter. In the sequel, we investigate the relationships between these two types of prefilters. Finally, some characterizations of n-fold implicative prefilters in bounded EQ-algebras are given.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"31 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48937105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The concept of disjunctive ideals is introduced in an Almost Distributive Lattice (ADL). It is proved that the set of all disjunctive ideals of an ADL forms a complete lattice. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived for an inverse homomorphic image of a disjunctive ideal of an ADL to be again a disjunctive ideal. Later, the concept of strongly disjunctive ideals is introduced in an ADL and their properties are studied. Some equivalent conditions are established for the set of all strongly disjunctive ideals to convert into a sublattice of the ideal lattice.
{"title":"Disjunctive Ideals of Almost Distributive Lattices","authors":"N. Rafi, M. Srujana, T. S. Rao","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1384","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concept of disjunctive ideals is introduced in an Almost Distributive Lattice (ADL). It is proved that the set of all disjunctive ideals of an ADL forms a complete lattice. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived for an inverse homomorphic image of a disjunctive ideal of an ADL to be again a disjunctive ideal. Later, the concept of strongly disjunctive ideals is introduced in an ADL and their properties are studied. Some equivalent conditions are established for the set of all strongly disjunctive ideals to convert into a sublattice of the ideal lattice.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"159 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45204491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, a soft set (F, A) was introduced over a quasigroup (Q,) and the study of finite soft quasigroup was carried out, motivated by the study of algebraic structures of soft sets. By introducing the order of a finite soft quasigroup, various inequality relationships that exist between the order of a finite quasigroup, the order of its soft quasigroup and the cardinality of its set of parameters were established. By introducing the arithmetic mean 𝒜ℱ(F, A) and geometric mean 𝒢ℱ(F, A) of a finite soft quasigroup (F, A), a sort of Lagrange’s Formula |(F, A)| = |A|𝒜ℱ(F, A) for finite soft quasigroup was gotten. Some of the inequalities gotten gave an upper bound for the order of a finite soft quasigroup in terms of the order of its quasigroup and cardinality of its set of parameters, and a lower bound for the order of the quasigroup in terms of the arithmetic mean of the finite soft quasigroup. A chain of inequalities called the Maclaurin’s inequality for any finite soft quasigroup (F, A)(Q,·) was shown to exist. A necessary and sufficient condition for a type of finite soft quasigroup to be extensible to a finite super soft quasigroup was established. This result is of practical use whenever a larger set of parameters is required. The results therein were illustrated with examples. Application to uniformity, equality and equity in distribution for social living is considered.
{"title":"Order of Finite Soft Quasigroups with Application to Egalitarianism","authors":"Temitope Gbolahan Jaiyeola, J. Olaleru, A. Oyem","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1381","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, a soft set (F, A) was introduced over a quasigroup (Q,) and the study of finite soft quasigroup was carried out, motivated by the study of algebraic structures of soft sets. By introducing the order of a finite soft quasigroup, various inequality relationships that exist between the order of a finite quasigroup, the order of its soft quasigroup and the cardinality of its set of parameters were established. By introducing the arithmetic mean 𝒜ℱ(F, A) and geometric mean 𝒢ℱ(F, A) of a finite soft quasigroup (F, A), a sort of Lagrange’s Formula |(F, A)| = |A|𝒜ℱ(F, A) for finite soft quasigroup was gotten. Some of the inequalities gotten gave an upper bound for the order of a finite soft quasigroup in terms of the order of its quasigroup and cardinality of its set of parameters, and a lower bound for the order of the quasigroup in terms of the arithmetic mean of the finite soft quasigroup. A chain of inequalities called the Maclaurin’s inequality for any finite soft quasigroup (F, A)(Q,·) was shown to exist. A necessary and sufficient condition for a type of finite soft quasigroup to be extensible to a finite super soft quasigroup was established. This result is of practical use whenever a larger set of parameters is required. The results therein were illustrated with examples. Application to uniformity, equality and equity in distribution for social living is considered.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"135 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49470870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The notion of prime ideals is introduced in transitive BE-algebras. Prime ideals are characterized with the help of principal ideals. Prime ideal theorem is stated and derived for BE-algebras. The concept of minimal prime ideals is introduced in transitive BE-algebras. A decomposition theorem of proper ideals into minimal prime ideals is derived.
{"title":"Prime Ideals of Transitive BE-Algebras","authors":"M. Prabhakar, S. Vali, M. S. Rao","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1383","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The notion of prime ideals is introduced in transitive BE-algebras. Prime ideals are characterized with the help of principal ideals. Prime ideal theorem is stated and derived for BE-algebras. The concept of minimal prime ideals is introduced in transitive BE-algebras. A decomposition theorem of proper ideals into minimal prime ideals is derived.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"97 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71123268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We generalize the concept of a fuzzy distributive lattice by introducing the concepts of a fuzzy join-distributive pair and a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair in a fuzzy lattice. A relationship among a fuzzy join-distributive pair, a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair and a fuzzy join-modular pair is proved. It is shown that for a pair of fuzzy atoms, the notions of a fuzzy join-distributive pair and a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair coincide.
{"title":"Fuzzy Distributive Pairs in Fuzzy Lattices","authors":"M. Wasadikar, Payal Khubchandani","doi":"10.7151/dmgaa.1386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7151/dmgaa.1386","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We generalize the concept of a fuzzy distributive lattice by introducing the concepts of a fuzzy join-distributive pair and a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair in a fuzzy lattice. A relationship among a fuzzy join-distributive pair, a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair and a fuzzy join-modular pair is proved. It is shown that for a pair of fuzzy atoms, the notions of a fuzzy join-distributive pair and a fuzzy join-semidistributive pair coincide.","PeriodicalId":36816,"journal":{"name":"Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"179 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44695444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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