L. B. Sihombing, L. Malczynski, Jake Jacobson, H. G. Soeparto, Darma T. Saptodewo
The coronavirus disease COVID-19 has spread all over the world, including Indonesia, and as the rate increases each day, the death toll also rise. However, the effects of the outbreak on the economy has not been calculated especially in developing countries. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the disease on Indonesia’s economy. Hence, A System Dynamics method was used, and the results showed there are four scenarios which are worst, bad, moderate, and desirable. Furthermore, in order to ensure economic growth of 3.5%, a vaccine needs to be discovered by August 2020, recovery period of 7 days, ventilator efficiency of 70%, hospital bed capacity of 51,161, and social distancing needs to be practiced. Therefore, these results can be useful for policy makers to handle the pandemic.
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Primary-care physicians, chiropractors, and physical therapists (PTs) may all potentially treat patients experiencing back and neck pain — a $300 billion market. In this paper, we examine how state-level changes in chiropractic scope of practice and PT direct access to patients influence the wages, hours worked, and employment of each practitioner. Our results suggest that expansions in chiropractic scope of practice are associated with an increase in average chiropractor wages and a slight reduction in the average hours chiropractors work per week. We find little evidence that PT direct access has affected the labor market for any of the three studied practitioners.
{"title":"More Battles among Licensed Occupations: Estimating the Effects of Scope of Practice and Direct Access on the Chiropractic, Physical Therapist, and Physician Labor Market","authors":"E. Timmons, J. Hockenberry, C. Durrance","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3191495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3191495","url":null,"abstract":"Primary-care physicians, chiropractors, and physical therapists (PTs) may all potentially treat patients experiencing back and neck pain — a $300 billion market. In this paper, we examine how state-level changes in chiropractic scope of practice and PT direct access to patients influence the wages, hours worked, and employment of each practitioner. Our results suggest that expansions in chiropractic scope of practice are associated with an increase in average chiropractor wages and a slight reduction in the average hours chiropractors work per week. We find little evidence that PT direct access has affected the labor market for any of the three studied practitioners.","PeriodicalId":369085,"journal":{"name":"Andrew Young: Health Policy Center (Topic)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133679188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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