Pub Date : 2019-11-22DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch16
N. Scarselli, K. McClay, C. Elders
{"title":"Seismic Examples of Composite Slope Failures (Offshore North West Shelf, Australia)","authors":"N. Scarselli, K. McClay, C. Elders","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-22DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch19
Á. Puga-Bernabéu, J. Webster, R. Beaman, Amanda C. Thran, J. López-Cabrera, G. Hinestrosa, J. Daniell
Submarine landslides on modern mixed siliciclastic-carbonate margins are poorly understood compared to their counterparts in other settings. We present a synthesis of four representative submarine landslides types along the Great Barrier Reef margin, the largest extant mixed siliciclastic-carbonate province in the world.The investigated examples are 5–31 km in length, extend over 18–528 km2, and have remobilized an estimated 0.025–32 km3 of sediments. They display morphological features corresponding to debris avalanches and slides. The estimated timing of two dated landslides is coincident with deglaciations corresponding to the transitions MIS 12–11 and MIS 2–1.Large seismic events were the most likely triggering mechanism for the landslides, where high pore water pressure in examples close to paleo-deltaic systems could also have preconditioned the eventual failure. A potential preconditioning factor, yet to be confirmed, is the geologic control associated with alternating mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediments in the failed lithologies.The Gloria Knolls Slide is large enough to have significant tsunamigenic potential. Tsunami simulations show that this landslide would produce a sizable tsunami under present-day sea level conditions, with coastal run-up heights of 0.5–2 m. We highlight a reef buffering effect due to broader-scale shelf bathymetry and the complex structure of coral reefs.
{"title":"Submarine Landslides Along the Mixed Siliciclastic‐Carbonate Margin of the Great Barrier Reef (Offshore Australia)","authors":"Á. Puga-Bernabéu, J. Webster, R. Beaman, Amanda C. Thran, J. López-Cabrera, G. Hinestrosa, J. Daniell","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch19","url":null,"abstract":"Submarine landslides on modern mixed siliciclastic-carbonate margins are poorly understood compared to their counterparts in other settings. We present a synthesis of four representative submarine landslides types along the Great Barrier Reef margin, the largest extant mixed siliciclastic-carbonate province in the world.The investigated examples are 5–31 km in length, extend over 18–528 km2, and have remobilized an estimated 0.025–32 km3 of sediments. They display morphological features corresponding to debris avalanches and slides. The estimated timing of two dated landslides is coincident with deglaciations corresponding to the transitions MIS 12–11 and MIS 2–1.Large seismic events were the most likely triggering mechanism for the landslides, where high pore water pressure in examples close to paleo-deltaic systems could also have preconditioned the eventual failure. A potential preconditioning factor, yet to be confirmed, is the geologic control associated with alternating mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediments in the failed lithologies.The Gloria Knolls Slide is large enough to have significant tsunamigenic potential. Tsunami simulations show that this landslide would produce a sizable tsunami under present-day sea level conditions, with coastal run-up heights of 0.5–2 m. We highlight a reef buffering effect due to broader-scale shelf bathymetry and the complex structure of coral reefs.","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125537975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-22DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch12
K. Huhn, M. Arroyo, A. Cattaneo, M. Clare, E. Gràcia, C. Harbitz, S. Krastel, A. Kopf, F. Løvholt, M. Rovere, M. Strasser, P. Talling, R. Urgeles
{"title":"Modern Submarine Landslide Complexes","authors":"K. Huhn, M. Arroyo, A. Cattaneo, M. Clare, E. Gràcia, C. Harbitz, S. Krastel, A. Kopf, F. Løvholt, M. Rovere, M. Strasser, P. Talling, R. Urgeles","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121328807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-22DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch20
F. Gamberi, G. D. Valle, F. Foglini, M. Rovere, F. Trincardi
{"title":"Submarine Landslides on the Seafloor","authors":"F. Gamberi, G. D. Valle, F. Foglini, M. Rovere, F. Trincardi","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121388889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-22DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch2
A. Piazza, R. Tinterri
{"title":"Mass‐Transport Deposits in the Foredeep Basin of the Miocene Cervarola Sandstones Formation (Northern Apennines, Italy)","authors":"A. Piazza, R. Tinterri","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134297544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch8
G. Pini, C. Lucente, Sonia Venturi, K. Ogata
The Casaglia-Monte della Colonna is one of the best exposed “fossil” mass-transport complex (MTC) cropping out in a foredeep succession exhumed in a mountain chain and represents a unique opportunity to study an internal architecture resulting from the (geologically) simultaneous collapses of an accretionary wedge front, slope, and basin plain deposits. The high variety of internal structures and the different MTC-substratum interactions depend on the geometry of MTC basal contact and the provenance of the remobilized sediments. In the 20 years from our first studies on this MTC, the better condition of some outcrops and the advances in methodological and interpretative tools enable us to provide an update scenario, with more details on the internal structures and a better comprehension of the complex interactions with the substratum.
Casaglia-Monte della Colonna是在山脉中发掘出的前深层演替中暴露得最好的“化石”质量运输复合体(MTC)之一，它代表了一个独特的机会，可以研究由(地质上)同时崩塌的增生楔形前缘、斜坡和盆地平原沉积物所产生的内部结构。内部结构的多样性和不同的MTC-基底相互作用取决于MTC基底接触的几何形状和再活化沉积物的来源。从我们对该MTC的首次研究开始的20年里，一些露头状况的改善以及方法和解释工具的进步使我们能够提供一个更新的情景，更详细地了解内部结构，更好地理解与基底的复杂相互作用。
{"title":"Mass‐Transport Complexes of the Marnoso‐arenacea Foredeep Turbidite System (Northern Apennines, Italy)","authors":"G. Pini, C. Lucente, Sonia Venturi, K. Ogata","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch8","url":null,"abstract":"The Casaglia-Monte della Colonna is one of the best exposed “fossil” mass-transport complex (MTC) cropping out in a foredeep succession exhumed in a mountain chain and represents a unique opportunity to study an internal architecture resulting from the (geologically) simultaneous collapses of an accretionary wedge front, slope, and basin plain deposits. The high variety of internal structures and the different MTC-substratum interactions depend on the geometry of MTC basal contact and the provenance of the remobilized sediments. In the 20 years from our first studies on this MTC, the better condition of some outcrops and the advances in methodological and interpretative tools enable us to provide an update scenario, with more details on the internal structures and a better comprehension of the complex interactions with the substratum.","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123495503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.ch1
K. Ogata, A. Festa, G. Pini, J. L. Alonso
Olistostrome and sedimentary melange are two synonymous genetic terms referring to the “fossil” products of ancient submarine mass‐transport processes exhumed in orogenic belts. Lithology, stratigraphy, lithification degree, and structural anatomy of these units reflect the synergic and combined action of different mass‐transport processes leading to composite deposits developed through multistage deformation phases. The general depositional physiography, tectonic setting, and the type, scale, and rate of slide mass transformation mechanisms during the downslope motion and emplacement and postdepositional processes are the main factors controlling the final internal anatomy of olistostromes and sedimentary melanges. These features are commonly progressively reworked by subsequent burial, diapiric, and tectonic processes and may be eventually almost completely obliterated by metamorphic processes during orogenic belt and/or subduction complex evolution. The correct recognition of olistostromal units and their intrinsic features in different orogenic belts needs extensive and careful fieldwork and ultimately provides excellent proxies for the timing of various tectonic‐sedimentary events interacting during the Wilson cycle. The basic concepts of structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, and basin analysis should be jointly applied in studying the internal structure, lithological arrangement, and formation-deformation mechanisms of olistostromes and sedimentary melanges.
{"title":"Submarine Landslide Deposits in Orogenic Belts","authors":"K. Ogata, A. Festa, G. Pini, J. L. Alonso","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.ch1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.ch1","url":null,"abstract":"Olistostrome and sedimentary melange are two synonymous genetic terms referring to the “fossil” products of ancient submarine mass‐transport processes exhumed in orogenic belts. Lithology, stratigraphy, lithification degree, and structural anatomy of these units reflect the synergic and combined action of different mass‐transport processes leading to composite deposits developed through multistage deformation phases. The general depositional physiography, tectonic setting, and the type, scale, and rate of slide mass transformation mechanisms during the downslope motion and emplacement and postdepositional processes are the main factors controlling the final internal anatomy of olistostromes and sedimentary melanges. These features are commonly progressively reworked by subsequent burial, diapiric, and tectonic processes and may be eventually almost completely obliterated by metamorphic processes during orogenic belt and/or subduction complex evolution. The correct recognition of olistostromal units and their intrinsic features in different orogenic belts needs extensive and careful fieldwork and ultimately provides excellent proxies for the timing of various tectonic‐sedimentary events interacting during the Wilson cycle. The basic concepts of structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, and basin analysis should be jointly applied in studying the internal structure, lithological arrangement, and formation-deformation mechanisms of olistostromes and sedimentary melanges.","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131861452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119500513.CH6
Matheus S. Sobiesiak, Victoria Valdez Buso, B. Kneller, G. Alsop, J. Milana
17 Mass transport processes are notorious for their ability to carry large blocks or mega 18 clasts, to deform sediments, and to interact with the seafloor through deformation and/or 19 erosion of the substrate. These processes, together with their influence on slope 20 sedimentation, are themes we address via direct field observation of three Carboniferous21 aged mass transport deposits (MTDs labelled I, II and III) from Cerro Bola, NW Argentina. 22 Internal deformation can be observed in all three MTDs, although it is best developed in MTD 23 II, a 180 m thick vertically zoned MTD with deformation evolving upwards from a simple24 shear dominated base, to a pure-shear middle zone, and finally back into a simple-shear 25 dominated top-most zone. The contact between MTDs I and II and their underlying 26 sandstone substrates are also locally deformed, with plastic deformation affecting up to ~20 27 m of substrate below the MTDs base. Conversely, the basal contact between MTD II and the 28 substrate is also in part erosional, marked by scours and grooves that truncate the bedding 29 in the top-most layers of the substrate. Additionally, the presence of large blocks composed 30 of diverse lithologies embedded within the MTDs, together with the sedimentological 31 description of the MTD ́s matrix and the aforementioned interaction with the seafloor, 32 suggest at least two processes accountable for block generation within MTDs. 33 34 Key Points 35 Vertical zonation of MTD II is based on soft-sediment deformation, block type and matrix 36 behaviour. 37 Basal erosion and deformation is recorded below the MTDs, suggesting both frictional 38 and plastic interaction between the MTD and the seafloor 39 Sandstone and siltstone blocks are present throughout the MTDs, indicating blocks may 40 be potentially generated by at least two different processes within the same flow. 41 42
{"title":"Block Generation, Deformation, and Interaction of Mass‐Transport Deposits With the Seafloor","authors":"Matheus S. Sobiesiak, Victoria Valdez Buso, B. Kneller, G. Alsop, J. Milana","doi":"10.1002/9781119500513.CH6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500513.CH6","url":null,"abstract":"17 Mass transport processes are notorious for their ability to carry large blocks or mega 18 clasts, to deform sediments, and to interact with the seafloor through deformation and/or 19 erosion of the substrate. These processes, together with their influence on slope 20 sedimentation, are themes we address via direct field observation of three Carboniferous21 aged mass transport deposits (MTDs labelled I, II and III) from Cerro Bola, NW Argentina. 22 Internal deformation can be observed in all three MTDs, although it is best developed in MTD 23 II, a 180 m thick vertically zoned MTD with deformation evolving upwards from a simple24 shear dominated base, to a pure-shear middle zone, and finally back into a simple-shear 25 dominated top-most zone. The contact between MTDs I and II and their underlying 26 sandstone substrates are also locally deformed, with plastic deformation affecting up to ~20 27 m of substrate below the MTDs base. Conversely, the basal contact between MTD II and the 28 substrate is also in part erosional, marked by scours and grooves that truncate the bedding 29 in the top-most layers of the substrate. Additionally, the presence of large blocks composed 30 of diverse lithologies embedded within the MTDs, together with the sedimentological 31 description of the MTD ́s matrix and the aforementioned interaction with the seafloor, 32 suggest at least two processes accountable for block generation within MTDs. 33 34 Key Points 35 Vertical zonation of MTD II is based on soft-sediment deformation, block type and matrix 36 behaviour. 37 Basal erosion and deformation is recorded below the MTDs, suggesting both frictional 38 and plastic interaction between the MTD and the seafloor 39 Sandstone and siltstone blocks are present throughout the MTDs, indicating blocks may 40 be potentially generated by at least two different processes within the same flow. 41 42","PeriodicalId":371228,"journal":{"name":"Submarine Landslides","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133838752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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