Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598074
Tara Stojimirovic, Bernd-Christian Renner
Underwater robots require location information for autonomous navigation and even remote control. [3–1]Acoustic communication is the natural choice to cater for distance information to anchors with known position in an underwater environment. Additionally, it does not require the use of extra hardware, making it useful in cost-sensitive applications. Unfortunately, the acoustic channel is slow, adding considerable, but typically ignored, errors to distance measurements and, as a consequence, location estimates. Quantification of errors in realworld scenarios and field tests is difficult, if not impossible, unless expensive, special equipment is available. Therefore, we derive a detailed, yet comprehensible, mathematical model to obtain distance of a moving robot to one or many anchors and its real position. We identify the influencing factors and study the error of both distance measurements and self-localization. Our results indicate that compensation of robot movement is required for accurate self-localization.
{"title":"Accuracy of TWR-Based Ranging and Localization in Mobile Acoustic Underwater Networks","authors":"Tara Stojimirovic, Bernd-Christian Renner","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598074","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater robots require location information for autonomous navigation and even remote control. [3–1]Acoustic communication is the natural choice to cater for distance information to anchors with known position in an underwater environment. Additionally, it does not require the use of extra hardware, making it useful in cost-sensitive applications. Unfortunately, the acoustic channel is slow, adding considerable, but typically ignored, errors to distance measurements and, as a consequence, location estimates. Quantification of errors in realworld scenarios and field tests is difficult, if not impossible, unless expensive, special equipment is available. Therefore, we derive a detailed, yet comprehensible, mathematical model to obtain distance of a moving robot to one or many anchors and its real position. We identify the influencing factors and study the error of both distance measurements and self-localization. Our results indicate that compensation of robot movement is required for accurate self-localization.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123925154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598017
M. Chitre, T. Koay, G. Deane, Gabriel Chua
We present analysis of a dataset collected at an underwater communications network testbed in Singapore for a contiguous 24-day period in 2018. The communication performance showed strong diurnal variability, mainly due to changes in arrival timings of various ray paths. The observed changes are believed to be caused primarily by sound speed changes due to bubbles advected from the nearby shipping channel. Diurnal noise variability also contributed to performance variability. This work demonstrates the importance of longterm communication datasets in improving our understanding of the acoustic communication channel.
{"title":"Variability in Shallow Water Communication Performance Near a Busy Shipping Lane","authors":"M. Chitre, T. Koay, G. Deane, Gabriel Chua","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598017","url":null,"abstract":"We present analysis of a dataset collected at an underwater communications network testbed in Singapore for a contiguous 24-day period in 2018. The communication performance showed strong diurnal variability, mainly due to changes in arrival timings of various ray paths. The observed changes are believed to be caused primarily by sound speed changes due to bubbles advected from the nearby shipping channel. Diurnal noise variability also contributed to performance variability. This work demonstrates the importance of longterm communication datasets in improving our understanding of the acoustic communication channel.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122273507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598120
François-Xavier Socheleau
In the context of underwater acoustic communications, we propose a non data-aided Doppler estimation method dedicated to single-carrier linearly-modulated signals. This method relies on the framework of time-warped cyclostationary random processes. It can estimate time-varying Doppler scales resulting from acceleration of up to several meters per second squared. It can also estimate multiple Doppler scales as observed in multiscale-multilag channels.
{"title":"Non Data-Aided Estimation of Time-Varying Multiscale Doppler in Underwater Acoustic Channels","authors":"François-Xavier Socheleau","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598120","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of underwater acoustic communications, we propose a non data-aided Doppler estimation method dedicated to single-carrier linearly-modulated signals. This method relies on the framework of time-warped cyclostationary random processes. It can estimate time-varying Doppler scales resulting from acceleration of up to several meters per second squared. It can also estimate multiple Doppler scales as observed in multiscale-multilag channels.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122294491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598016
H. Dol, Koen C. H. Blom
It is a persistent misunderstanding that underwater acoustic communication at short range is always easier than at long range. Same for (quasi) stationary configurations being always easier than dynamic ones. This paper gives examples of high-rate links in very shallow water at several kilometres distance, as well as difficult communication conditions in a harbour at a few hundred metres distance. Other previously reported experiments revealed challenging channels between a bottom node and a surface platform floating on the waves, whereas the present study demonstrates excellent connectivity between a bottom node and an underwater vehicle at full speed.
{"title":"On the challenge of underwater acoustic communication at short range","authors":"H. Dol, Koen C. H. Blom","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598016","url":null,"abstract":"It is a persistent misunderstanding that underwater acoustic communication at short range is always easier than at long range. Same for (quasi) stationary configurations being always easier than dynamic ones. This paper gives examples of high-rate links in very shallow water at several kilometres distance, as well as difficult communication conditions in a harbour at a few hundred metres distance. Other previously reported experiments revealed challenging channels between a bottom node and a surface platform floating on the waves, whereas the present study demonstrates excellent connectivity between a bottom node and an underwater vehicle at full speed.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127784497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598159
George Sklivanitis, Konstantinos Pelekanakis, S. Yildirim, R. Petroccia, J. Alves, D. Pados
We propose a strategy for generating the same crypto-key between two trusted underwater acoustic nodes (Alice and Bob) without revealing it to an eavesdropper (Eve). Our work builds upon the results of [1] where a methodology for generating a string of bits for Alice, Bob and Eve based on channel feature extraction and quantization is discussed. In this paper, we aim to reconcile the respective bits of Alice and Bob while minimizing the information leaked to Eve. To this end, we examine various Reed Solomon (RS) codes and measure the reconciliation rate of Alice, Bob and Eve. Additionally, we propose the Secure Hash Algorithm-3 (SHA-3) as means to eliminate any information that Eve acquires during reconciliation. We evaluate our reconciliation and privacy amplification strategies with bits generated from real underwater acoustic channel probe exchanges between Alice and Bob and Bellhop-simulated channels for Eve. Our analysis confirms that appropriate combinations of channel features and RS codes lead to a computationally secure generation of a 256-bit crypto-key according to the principles of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), even if Eve is informed about the RS encoder and the SHA-3 function.
{"title":"Physical Layer Security against an Informed Eavesdropper in Underwater Acoustic Channels: Reconciliation and Privacy Amplification","authors":"George Sklivanitis, Konstantinos Pelekanakis, S. Yildirim, R. Petroccia, J. Alves, D. Pados","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598159","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a strategy for generating the same crypto-key between two trusted underwater acoustic nodes (Alice and Bob) without revealing it to an eavesdropper (Eve). Our work builds upon the results of [1] where a methodology for generating a string of bits for Alice, Bob and Eve based on channel feature extraction and quantization is discussed. In this paper, we aim to reconcile the respective bits of Alice and Bob while minimizing the information leaked to Eve. To this end, we examine various Reed Solomon (RS) codes and measure the reconciliation rate of Alice, Bob and Eve. Additionally, we propose the Secure Hash Algorithm-3 (SHA-3) as means to eliminate any information that Eve acquires during reconciliation. We evaluate our reconciliation and privacy amplification strategies with bits generated from real underwater acoustic channel probe exchanges between Alice and Bob and Bellhop-simulated channels for Eve. Our analysis confirms that appropriate combinations of channel features and RS codes lead to a computationally secure generation of a 256-bit crypto-key according to the principles of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), even if Eve is informed about the RS encoder and the SHA-3 function.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130513485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598118
Mark C. Watson, Jean-François Bousquet, Adam Forget
A magnetic induction based underwater communication link is evaluated using an analytical model and a custom Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation tool. The analytical model is based on the Sommerfeld integral, and a full-wave simulation tool evaluates Maxwell's equations using the FDTD method in cylindrical coordinates. The analytical model and FDTD simulation tool are then compared and used to predict the system performance for various transmitter depths and optimum frequencies of operation. To this end, the system bandwidth, signal to noise ratio, and the magnitude of the induced voltage are used to estimate the expected channel capacity. The models show that in seawater, a relatively low-power and small coil may be capable of obtaining a throughput of 40 to 300 kbps, for the case where a transmitter is at depths of 1 to 3 m and a receiver is at a height of 1 m.
{"title":"Evaluating the Feasibility of Magnetic Induction to Cross the Air-Water Boundary","authors":"Mark C. Watson, Jean-François Bousquet, Adam Forget","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598118","url":null,"abstract":"A magnetic induction based underwater communication link is evaluated using an analytical model and a custom Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation tool. The analytical model is based on the Sommerfeld integral, and a full-wave simulation tool evaluates Maxwell's equations using the FDTD method in cylindrical coordinates. The analytical model and FDTD simulation tool are then compared and used to predict the system performance for various transmitter depths and optimum frequencies of operation. To this end, the system bandwidth, signal to noise ratio, and the magnitude of the induced voltage are used to estimate the expected channel capacity. The models show that in seawater, a relatively low-power and small coil may be capable of obtaining a throughput of 40 to 300 kbps, for the case where a transmitter is at depths of 1 to 3 m and a receiver is at a height of 1 m.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131990521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598150
Hossein Ghannadrezaii, J. MacDonald, Jean-François Bousquet, David R. Barclay
In this paper, the communication quality of an underwater acoustic link between two nodes is quantified by the predicted channel gain and delay spread using a stochastic and reinforcement learning model. The stochastic model generates an ensemble of time-varying channel characteristics by capturing the effect of known environmental changes including changes in sound speed profile, tides and bathymetry. Along with the stochastic model to capture the impact of unknown environmental parameters on channel quality a hidden Markov model is utilized to complement sparse channel measurements and predict the channel characteristics over a long time period spanning multiple days. In this work, the nodes are bottom mounted in a shallow turbulent water environment, with known tide cycles, physical oceanography conditions and channel geometry. As such, the channel characteristics can be estimated using a simulation software model at the remote nodes. While the simulation model is used to estimate the initial channel condition between the nodes in short-term deployment, as will be shown, the hidden Markov model provides an accurate channel characteristics prediction for long term deployment, which can be utilized by software-defined acoustic nodes such that they can adapt to the time varying acoustic channel.
{"title":"Channel Quality Prediction for Adaptive Underwater Acoustic Communication","authors":"Hossein Ghannadrezaii, J. MacDonald, Jean-François Bousquet, David R. Barclay","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598150","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the communication quality of an underwater acoustic link between two nodes is quantified by the predicted channel gain and delay spread using a stochastic and reinforcement learning model. The stochastic model generates an ensemble of time-varying channel characteristics by capturing the effect of known environmental changes including changes in sound speed profile, tides and bathymetry. Along with the stochastic model to capture the impact of unknown environmental parameters on channel quality a hidden Markov model is utilized to complement sparse channel measurements and predict the channel characteristics over a long time period spanning multiple days. In this work, the nodes are bottom mounted in a shallow turbulent water environment, with known tide cycles, physical oceanography conditions and channel geometry. As such, the channel characteristics can be estimated using a simulation software model at the remote nodes. While the simulation model is used to estimate the initial channel condition between the nodes in short-term deployment, as will be shown, the hidden Markov model provides an accurate channel characteristics prediction for long term deployment, which can be utilized by software-defined acoustic nodes such that they can adapt to the time varying acoustic channel.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133626761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598099
P. V. van Walree, D. Tollefsen, Vidar Forsmo
An underwater acoustic experiment has been performed in the Nansen Basin (eastern Arctic) at $mathbf{84}^{circ}$ North. Channel probe signals and communication packets were transmitted in the 4–8 kHz band, with under-ice signaling over ranges of 10, 20 and 40 km. The measurements reveal a peculiarly sparse impulse response with two arrival groups, separated by 1–2 s, with contributions from surface duct arrivals, refracted paths, and bottom-reflected sound. A high propagation loss is counterbalanced by a low ambient noise level, yielding a useful SNR at all ranges. The main challenge for communications is the long impulse response, which causes a packet to collide not only with other packets transmitted over the same link, but also with itself. Some packets are lost because of these collisions, but there are also packets that are correctly received twice. Communication is possible over 40 km at a regular modem source level.
{"title":"Under-ice acoustic communication in the Nansen Basin","authors":"P. V. van Walree, D. Tollefsen, Vidar Forsmo","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598099","url":null,"abstract":"An underwater acoustic experiment has been performed in the Nansen Basin (eastern Arctic) at $mathbf{84}^{circ}$ North. Channel probe signals and communication packets were transmitted in the 4–8 kHz band, with under-ice signaling over ranges of 10, 20 and 40 km. The measurements reveal a peculiarly sparse impulse response with two arrival groups, separated by 1–2 s, with contributions from surface duct arrivals, refracted paths, and bottom-reflected sound. A high propagation loss is counterbalanced by a low ambient noise level, yielding a useful SNR at all ranges. The main challenge for communications is the long impulse response, which causes a packet to collide not only with other packets transmitted over the same link, but also with itself. Some packets are lost because of these collisions, but there are also packets that are correctly received twice. Communication is possible over 40 km at a regular modem source level.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"98 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120973817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598140
A. Tadayon, Munish Taya, M. Stojanovic
OFDM systems are challenged by the time variability of mobile acoustic channels where the Doppler effect can be high enough that the received signal experiences non-negligible residual frequency offset, as well as channel time variability, which cause intercarrier interference (ICI). To mitigate these effects, we introduce an efficient yet computationally manageable two-stage algorithm that counteracts the frequency offset as well as the time selectivity of mobile acoustic channels. In the first stage, frequency offset is compensated using a practical approach based on differentially coherent detection which keeps the receiver complexity at a minimum and requires only a small pilot overhead. In the second stage, a method referred to as partial FFT demodulation is used to tone down the time variability of the broadband acoustic channel. Towards this goal, the time interval of one OFDM block is divided into several partial intervals, giving the channel less chance to change over each shorter interval, and demodulation is performed in each interval separately. The partial demodulator outputs are then combined before applying a coherent detection algorithm where refined channel estimation and data detection take place. Using the experimental data transmitted over a 3–7 km shallow water channel in the 10.515.5 kHz acoustic band, we study the receiver performance in terms of data detection mean squared error (MSE), and show that the proposed algorithm provides excellent performance, surpassing all our previously tested approaches.
{"title":"On Mitigating Channel Time Variation Effect in Acoustic OFDM Systems","authors":"A. Tadayon, Munish Taya, M. Stojanovic","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598140","url":null,"abstract":"OFDM systems are challenged by the time variability of mobile acoustic channels where the Doppler effect can be high enough that the received signal experiences non-negligible residual frequency offset, as well as channel time variability, which cause intercarrier interference (ICI). To mitigate these effects, we introduce an efficient yet computationally manageable two-stage algorithm that counteracts the frequency offset as well as the time selectivity of mobile acoustic channels. In the first stage, frequency offset is compensated using a practical approach based on differentially coherent detection which keeps the receiver complexity at a minimum and requires only a small pilot overhead. In the second stage, a method referred to as partial FFT demodulation is used to tone down the time variability of the broadband acoustic channel. Towards this goal, the time interval of one OFDM block is divided into several partial intervals, giving the channel less chance to change over each shorter interval, and demodulation is performed in each interval separately. The partial demodulator outputs are then combined before applying a coherent detection algorithm where refined channel estimation and data detection take place. Using the experimental data transmitted over a 3–7 km shallow water channel in the 10.515.5 kHz acoustic band, we study the receiver performance in terms of data detection mean squared error (MSE), and show that the proposed algorithm provides excellent performance, surpassing all our previously tested approaches.","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116829522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-02DOI: 10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598153
Roberto Francescon, Filippo Campagnaro, Emanuele Coccolo, Alberto Signori, F. Guerra, F. Favaro, M. Zorzi
The DESERT Underwater framework (http://desert-underwater.dei.unipd.it/), originally designed for simulating and testing underwater acoustic networks in sea trials, has recently been extended to support real payload data transmission through underwater multimodal networks. Specifically, the new version of the framework is now able to transmit data in real-time through the EvoLogics S2C low-rate and high-rate acoustic modems, the SmartPORT low-cost acoustic underwater modem prototype (AHOI) for IoT applications, as well as Ethernet, surface WiFi, and the BlueComm optical modem. The system can also be tested in lab by employing a simulated channel, and the EvoLogics S2C DMAC Emulator (DMACE).
{"title":"An Event-Based Stack For Data Transmission Through Underwater Multimodal Networks","authors":"Roberto Francescon, Filippo Campagnaro, Emanuele Coccolo, Alberto Signori, F. Guerra, F. Favaro, M. Zorzi","doi":"10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UComms50339.2021.9598153","url":null,"abstract":"The DESERT Underwater framework (http://desert-underwater.dei.unipd.it/), originally designed for simulating and testing underwater acoustic networks in sea trials, has recently been extended to support real payload data transmission through underwater multimodal networks. Specifically, the new version of the framework is now able to transmit data in real-time through the EvoLogics S2C low-rate and high-rate acoustic modems, the SmartPORT low-cost acoustic underwater modem prototype (AHOI) for IoT applications, as well as Ethernet, surface WiFi, and the BlueComm optical modem. The system can also be tested in lab by employing a simulated channel, and the EvoLogics S2C DMAC Emulator (DMACE).","PeriodicalId":371411,"journal":{"name":"2021 Fifth Underwater Communications and Networking Conference (UComms)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117052541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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