Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-36-47
L. V. Vasina, L. V. Galebskaya, М. А. Galkin, М. А. Solovyeva, Yu. V. Tarasova
In this review (Part 2), we describe the structural features and properties of the most studied Viperidae snake venom phospholipases A2 . Various effects of these enzymes on blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets), on blood coagulation and platelet aggregation are also analyzed in details. Possible areas and ways of application of these enzymes in fundamental and practical medicine are discussed.
{"title":"Viperidae snake venom phospholipase A2. Biochemical targets in the human blood circulatory system. Review. Part 2","authors":"L. V. Vasina, L. V. Galebskaya, М. А. Galkin, М. А. Solovyeva, Yu. V. Tarasova","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-36-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-36-47","url":null,"abstract":"In this review (Part 2), we describe the structural features and properties of the most studied Viperidae snake venom phospholipases A2 . Various effects of these enzymes on blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets), on blood coagulation and platelet aggregation are also analyzed in details. Possible areas and ways of application of these enzymes in fundamental and practical medicine are discussed.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"27 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140753775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-16-21
N. N. Smirnova, N. B. Kuprienko, S. Urazgildeeva
The review considers changes in the structure and function of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which play an important role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases that somehow stimulate the development of atherosclerosis. HDL function has been shown to be impaired in a number of genetic and acquired diseases leading to dyslipidemia and associated with increased cardiovascular risk such as familial hypercholesterolemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
{"title":"High-densitylipoprotein function in various pathological conditions","authors":"N. N. Smirnova, N. B. Kuprienko, S. Urazgildeeva","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-16-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-16-21","url":null,"abstract":"The review considers changes in the structure and function of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which play an important role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases that somehow stimulate the development of atherosclerosis. HDL function has been shown to be impaired in a number of genetic and acquired diseases leading to dyslipidemia and associated with increased cardiovascular risk such as familial hypercholesterolemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"90 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-88-97
T. V. Parkhomenko, O. V. Galibin, V. V. Tomson
The article is devoted to the generalization of information on the use of potential-sensitive probes (PSP) to assess the viability and functional state of an entire cell. Usage of membrane PSP is of great importance for assessing both the viability and functional integrity of the cells and their structural components (mitochondria, nuclei, cytoplasmic membranes, ion channels). Potential advantage of this approach includes studies of native viable cells in order to assess functional state of donor hematopoietic cells before transplantation as well as upon their storage and cultivation. These staining tools allow to assess the state of cellular bioenergetics, i.e., the balance between production and consumption of energy in living cells. The production of energy in mitochondrial structures ensures the cell viability, whereas its impairment leads to the development of different disorders and aging. In clinical medicine, this method can be used to assess the condition of donor cells before their transplantation, primarily in oncohematology, the treatment of patients with severe ischemic myocardial lesions.The purpose of the work: to study the results of the research of the use of PSP to assess the energy potential and viability of cells.
{"title":"Noninvasive method of monitoring the functional state of living cells","authors":"T. V. Parkhomenko, O. V. Galibin, V. V. Tomson","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-88-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-88-97","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the generalization of information on the use of potential-sensitive probes (PSP) to assess the viability and functional state of an entire cell. Usage of membrane PSP is of great importance for assessing both the viability and functional integrity of the cells and their structural components (mitochondria, nuclei, cytoplasmic membranes, ion channels). Potential advantage of this approach includes studies of native viable cells in order to assess functional state of donor hematopoietic cells before transplantation as well as upon their storage and cultivation. These staining tools allow to assess the state of cellular bioenergetics, i.e., the balance between production and consumption of energy in living cells. The production of energy in mitochondrial structures ensures the cell viability, whereas its impairment leads to the development of different disorders and aging. In clinical medicine, this method can be used to assess the condition of donor cells before their transplantation, primarily in oncohematology, the treatment of patients with severe ischemic myocardial lesions.The purpose of the work: to study the results of the research of the use of PSP to assess the energy potential and viability of cells.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"135 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138598777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-40-46
M. G. Rybakova, I. A. Kuznetsova, S. V. Azanchevskaya, V. E. Vysotsky, M. T. Vlasova
Cardiovascular system is a significant target for SARS-CoV-2.The objective was to study morphological changes in the heart in patients who died from COVID-19.Materials and methods. Autopsy material of the heart of those who died from COVID-19 (700 autopsies) was analyzed. The analysis of autopsy protocols was carried out, macroscopic changes were assessed, histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson stain, Schiff’s reagent, the results of immunohistochemistry with antibodies to CD68, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45 were analyzed.Results. The leading pathomorphological changes in the heart in COVID-19 are acute discirculatory changes with predominant disorders in small intramyocardial vessels. Lymphocytic myocarditis was confirmed in 1 % of cases.Conclusion. Damage to cardiomyocytes in COVID-19 is multifactorial and associated with manifestations of the underlying cardiovascular pathology, changes in intramyocardial vessels due to the action of SARS-CoV-2, and hypoxia due to progressive lung damage.
{"title":"Pathomorphology of the heart in COVID-19","authors":"M. G. Rybakova, I. A. Kuznetsova, S. V. Azanchevskaya, V. E. Vysotsky, M. T. Vlasova","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-40-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-40-46","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular system is a significant target for SARS-CoV-2.The objective was to study morphological changes in the heart in patients who died from COVID-19.Materials and methods. Autopsy material of the heart of those who died from COVID-19 (700 autopsies) was analyzed. The analysis of autopsy protocols was carried out, macroscopic changes were assessed, histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson stain, Schiff’s reagent, the results of immunohistochemistry with antibodies to CD68, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45 were analyzed.Results. The leading pathomorphological changes in the heart in COVID-19 are acute discirculatory changes with predominant disorders in small intramyocardial vessels. Lymphocytic myocarditis was confirmed in 1 % of cases.Conclusion. Damage to cardiomyocytes in COVID-19 is multifactorial and associated with manifestations of the underlying cardiovascular pathology, changes in intramyocardial vessels due to the action of SARS-CoV-2, and hypoxia due to progressive lung damage.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"37 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-30-39
K. Afanaseva, A. Smirnova, Yu. Yu. Vlasova, I. S. Moiseev, S. N. Bondarenko
Introduction. Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a high risk group of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Since tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were introduced, controversial data have been obtained on the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (allo-HSCT) in the first complete remission.The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of allo-HSCT in the first complete remission of Ph-positive ALL in adult patients after remission induction with continuous chemotherapeutic exposure in combination with TKIs.Methods and materials. The retrospective analysis included 74 patients with a median age of 32 years (range 18–59) after allo-HSCT in the first complete remission and 58 patients with a median age of 39 years (range 18–65) in the first complete remission after conservative therapy. Ninety-one per cent and 83 % of patients received imatinib as TKIs in remission induction in the allo-HSCT and conservative therapy groups, respectively. The median time from the first complete remission to allo-HSCT was 7 months (range 2–33). Thirty-six patients (49 %) had positive minimal residual disease (MRD) status prior to allo-HSCT. Eighteen patients (14 %) over 40 years underwent allo-HSCT in the first complete remission.Results. Allo-HSCT improves overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) and by 9 months since the achievement of the first complete remission, they were 70.1 (95 % CI 56.4–88.6) in the allo-HSCT group versus 45.1 (95 % CI 33.4–61.0) in the conservative group, p=0.025 and 63.3 % (95 % CI 47.6–84.1) in the allo-HSCT group versus 44.8 % (95 % CI 33.2–60.4) in the conservative therapy group, p=0.04, respectively. Allo-HSCT in patients over 40 years does not improve 5-year OS and RFS and were 57.2 % (95 % CI 30.0–84.4) versus 59.8 % (95 % CI 36.9– 82.7), p=0.69, and 42.6 % (95 % CI 14.0–71.2) vs. 50.9 % (95 % CI 29.5–72.3), p=0, 88, respectively.Conclusion. Allo-HSCT performed before 9 months from achievement of the first complete remission after induction with imatinib is the preferred method of remission consolidation in patients from 18 to 40 years old. The optimal therapy for patients older than 40 years in the first complete remission is a conservative approach in combination with TKIs.
简介噬菌体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是B系急性淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）的高危群体。自酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）问世以来，关于异基因造血干细胞（allo-HSCT）在首次完全缓解中的疗效的数据一直存在争议。回顾性分析包括 74 例首次完全缓解后接受 allo-HSCT 治疗的患者，中位年龄为 32 岁（18-59 岁不等）；以及 58 例保守治疗后首次完全缓解的患者，中位年龄为 39 岁（18-65 岁不等）。在allo-HSCT组和保守治疗组中，分别有91%和83%的患者在缓解诱导过程中接受了伊马替尼作为TKIs。从首次完全缓解到allo-HSCT的中位时间为7个月（2-33个月）。36名患者（49%）在接受allo-HSCT前最小残留病（MRD）状态为阳性。18名40岁以上的患者（14%）在首次完全缓解时接受了allo-HSCT。allo-HSCT可提高总生存期（OS）和无复发生存期（RFS），在首次完全缓解后的9个月内，allo-HSCT组的总生存期和无复发生存期分别为70.1（95 % CI 56.4-88.6）和45.1（95 % CI 33.4-45.6）。1（95 % CI 33.4-61.0），P=0.025；allo-HSCT 组为 63.3%（95 % CI 47.6-84.1），保守治疗组为 44.8%（95 % CI 33.2-60.4），P=0.04。40岁以上患者的allo-HSCT不会改善5年OS和RFS，分别为57.2%（95% CI 30.0-84.4）对59.8%（95% CI 36.9-82.7），p=0.69；42.6%（95% CI 14.0-71.2）对50.9%（95% CI 29.5-72.3），p=0.88。对于18至40岁的患者，在使用伊马替尼诱导后获得首次完全缓解9个月前进行异基因造血干细胞移植是巩固缓解的首选方法。对于首次完全缓解的 40 岁以上患者，最佳治疗方法是保守治疗联合 TKIs。
{"title":"Place of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the First Complete Remission in Ph-positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults","authors":"K. Afanaseva, A. Smirnova, Yu. Yu. Vlasova, I. S. Moiseev, S. N. Bondarenko","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-30-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-30-39","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a high risk group of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Since tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were introduced, controversial data have been obtained on the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (allo-HSCT) in the first complete remission.The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of allo-HSCT in the first complete remission of Ph-positive ALL in adult patients after remission induction with continuous chemotherapeutic exposure in combination with TKIs.Methods and materials. The retrospective analysis included 74 patients with a median age of 32 years (range 18–59) after allo-HSCT in the first complete remission and 58 patients with a median age of 39 years (range 18–65) in the first complete remission after conservative therapy. Ninety-one per cent and 83 % of patients received imatinib as TKIs in remission induction in the allo-HSCT and conservative therapy groups, respectively. The median time from the first complete remission to allo-HSCT was 7 months (range 2–33). Thirty-six patients (49 %) had positive minimal residual disease (MRD) status prior to allo-HSCT. Eighteen patients (14 %) over 40 years underwent allo-HSCT in the first complete remission.Results. Allo-HSCT improves overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) and by 9 months since the achievement of the first complete remission, they were 70.1 (95 % CI 56.4–88.6) in the allo-HSCT group versus 45.1 (95 % CI 33.4–61.0) in the conservative group, p=0.025 and 63.3 % (95 % CI 47.6–84.1) in the allo-HSCT group versus 44.8 % (95 % CI 33.2–60.4) in the conservative therapy group, p=0.04, respectively. Allo-HSCT in patients over 40 years does not improve 5-year OS and RFS and were 57.2 % (95 % CI 30.0–84.4) versus 59.8 % (95 % CI 36.9– 82.7), p=0.69, and 42.6 % (95 % CI 14.0–71.2) vs. 50.9 % (95 % CI 29.5–72.3), p=0, 88, respectively.Conclusion. Allo-HSCT performed before 9 months from achievement of the first complete remission after induction with imatinib is the preferred method of remission consolidation in patients from 18 to 40 years old. The optimal therapy for patients older than 40 years in the first complete remission is a conservative approach in combination with TKIs.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139348568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-02DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-69-76
N. N. Smirnova, N. B. Kuprienko, S. Urazgildeeva
High levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in blood plasma have traditionally been considered an anti-atherogenic factor, but this opinion is not always supported by epidemiological and genetic studies. The functions of lipoproteins are of much greater importance, the main of which is the implementation of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from cells to the liver. The part 1 of the review presents the sequence of passage of cholesterol in HDL, shows the importance of each link in this chain for the development of atherosclerosis; the main methods for determining RCT are given. Changes in the structure and function of HDL, which play the important role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases that in one way or another stimulate the development of atherosclerosis, are considered in part 2 of the review.
{"title":"High Density Lipoproteins: Metabolism, Biological Functions and Risk of cardiovascular pathology","authors":"N. N. Smirnova, N. B. Kuprienko, S. Urazgildeeva","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-69-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-69-76","url":null,"abstract":"High levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in blood plasma have traditionally been considered an anti-atherogenic factor, but this opinion is not always supported by epidemiological and genetic studies. The functions of lipoproteins are of much greater importance, the main of which is the implementation of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from cells to the liver. The part 1 of the review presents the sequence of passage of cholesterol in HDL, shows the importance of each link in this chain for the development of atherosclerosis; the main methods for determining RCT are given. Changes in the structure and function of HDL, which play the important role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases that in one way or another stimulate the development of atherosclerosis, are considered in part 2 of the review.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139352053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-02DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-77-87
M. L. Nikonorova, L. K. Kats
The article summarizes the data of a systematic review of scientific publications on acute myeloid leukemia over the past 10 years.The objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of the data published in the open press to investigate the nature of the association of mutations in the RUNX1 gene with the outcome of acute myeloid leukemia.Methods and materials. The search for publications was carried on library platforms eLibrary.ru, Google Academy, PubMed, Web of Science according to the criteria PRISMA 2020. The selection of studies was carried out using the Rayyan online program. The meta-analysis was performed on the basis of the RStudio application package. The main characteristics in the studies were reflected in overall survival, relapse-free survival, hazard ratio and were assessed by a standardized effect size. The magnitude of the effect was based on the difference between the observed patients and patients with mutations in the RUNX1 gene. The outliers filtering based on the combines confidence interval. The bias of publications was assessed visually and quantitatively.Results. The search identified 579 publications, 10 were included in the meta-analysis, the total sample was 2733 patients. The results of statistical tests on the Cochran Q-test (p-value < 0.0001) and the Higgens–Thompson test (92 %) indicate a high heterogeneity of the included publications. The variance of heterogeneity together with the 95 %CI (0.177; 1.528) indicates the heterogeneity of the research results. The combined 95 %CI (0.47; 2.90) does not suggest that mutations in the RUNX1 gene always lead to a poor prognosis. Egger’s regression test (p-value > 0.098) showed no publication bias.Conclusion. The results of the study revealed a statistical relationships between the influence of mutations in the RUNX1 gene and the outcome of the disease.
{"title":"Association of a mutation in the RUNX1 gene with the outcome of the disease in acute myeloid leukemia (meta-analysis)","authors":"M. L. Nikonorova, L. K. Kats","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-77-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-77-87","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the data of a systematic review of scientific publications on acute myeloid leukemia over the past 10 years.The objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of the data published in the open press to investigate the nature of the association of mutations in the RUNX1 gene with the outcome of acute myeloid leukemia.Methods and materials. The search for publications was carried on library platforms eLibrary.ru, Google Academy, PubMed, Web of Science according to the criteria PRISMA 2020. The selection of studies was carried out using the Rayyan online program. The meta-analysis was performed on the basis of the RStudio application package. The main characteristics in the studies were reflected in overall survival, relapse-free survival, hazard ratio and were assessed by a standardized effect size. The magnitude of the effect was based on the difference between the observed patients and patients with mutations in the RUNX1 gene. The outliers filtering based on the combines confidence interval. The bias of publications was assessed visually and quantitatively.Results. The search identified 579 publications, 10 were included in the meta-analysis, the total sample was 2733 patients. The results of statistical tests on the Cochran Q-test (p-value < 0.0001) and the Higgens–Thompson test (92 %) indicate a high heterogeneity of the included publications. The variance of heterogeneity together with the 95 %CI (0.177; 1.528) indicates the heterogeneity of the research results. The combined 95 %CI (0.47; 2.90) does not suggest that mutations in the RUNX1 gene always lead to a poor prognosis. Egger’s regression test (p-value > 0.098) showed no publication bias.Conclusion. The results of the study revealed a statistical relationships between the influence of mutations in the RUNX1 gene and the outcome of the disease.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-1-27-36
И. с. Поляков, В. А. Порханов, А. Л. Коваленко, Ирина Валерьевна Гилевич, н. Понкина, В. с. зима, Д Д Карал-оглы, В. М. Орлов, Александр Сергеевич Сотниченко, А. Г. завгородняя, I. Polyakov, V. Porhanov, Aleksey L. Kovalenko, I. Gilevich, Ponkina, V. S. Zima, Djina D. Karal-ogly, V. Orlov, A. Sotnichenko, A. G. Zavgorodnyaya
Introduction. Bronchial fistula often occurs after lung surgery. This is an extremely severe complication with high mortality. Despite the variety methods for the treatment of bronchial fistula, the results are not always effective. In our paper, we presented a method of preventing the development of bronchial fistula based on the cell therapy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of the cell therapy on the regeneration of damaged bronchial tissue in an experiment on non-human primates. Methods and materials. The study was performed on 6 non-human primates. Laboratory animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental and control. The left pneumonectomy with the formation of a stump of the main bronchus was done in each primate. In the experimental group, a regenerative product was introduced into the stump; in the control group, 0.9 % NaCl solution was used. The regenerative product consisted of autologous platelet-rich plasma activated by thermal lysis and the suspension of the xenogeneic fibroblast’s culture. The primates were observed for 7, 14 and 21 days, the peripheral blood was taken to study the dynamics of biologically active substances. A histological examination of the autopsy material was performed at the end of the follow-up time. Results. On the early postoperative period, a typical inflammatory reaction was observed and resulted by the intraoperative tissue damage. Then the morphological changes were different in both group. The inflammatory were mild, the restoration of the natural function of the mucous membrane and the formation of scar tissue were earlier in the experimental group than in the control group. An analysis of the dynamics of plasma mediators in the postoperative period revealed an earlier dominance of regenerative processes in the experimental group. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the cell therapy stimulates the tissue regeneration, thereby preventing the failure of the bronchial stump suture.
{"title":"Possibilities of cell therapy in thoracic surgery","authors":"И. с. Поляков, В. А. Порханов, А. Л. Коваленко, Ирина Валерьевна Гилевич, н. Понкина, В. с. зима, Д Д Карал-оглы, В. М. Орлов, Александр Сергеевич Сотниченко, А. Г. завгородняя, I. Polyakov, V. Porhanov, Aleksey L. Kovalenko, I. Gilevich, Ponkina, V. S. Zima, Djina D. Karal-ogly, V. Orlov, A. Sotnichenko, A. G. Zavgorodnyaya","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-1-27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-1-27-36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Bronchial fistula often occurs after lung surgery. This is an extremely severe complication with high mortality. Despite the variety methods for the treatment of bronchial fistula, the results are not always effective. In our paper, we presented a method of preventing the development of bronchial fistula based on the cell therapy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of the cell therapy on the regeneration of damaged bronchial tissue in an experiment on non-human primates. Methods and materials. The study was performed on 6 non-human primates. Laboratory animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental and control. The left pneumonectomy with the formation of a stump of the main bronchus was done in each primate. In the experimental group, a regenerative product was introduced into the stump; in the control group, 0.9 % NaCl solution was used. The regenerative product consisted of autologous platelet-rich plasma activated by thermal lysis and the suspension of the xenogeneic fibroblast’s culture. The primates were observed for 7, 14 and 21 days, the peripheral blood was taken to study the dynamics of biologically active substances. A histological examination of the autopsy material was performed at the end of the follow-up time. Results. On the early postoperative period, a typical inflammatory reaction was observed and resulted by the intraoperative tissue damage. Then the morphological changes were different in both group. The inflammatory were mild, the restoration of the natural function of the mucous membrane and the formation of scar tissue were earlier in the experimental group than in the control group. An analysis of the dynamics of plasma mediators in the postoperative period revealed an earlier dominance of regenerative processes in the experimental group. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the cell therapy stimulates the tissue regeneration, thereby preventing the failure of the bronchial stump suture.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123054681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-16-24
A. N. Afonin, N. N. Kiseleva, A. I. Yaremenko, N. Vishnyakov
Introduction. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important tool in modern healthcare. It can revolutionize the ways of medical care, from diagnosis and treatment to high-tech medical care; and make adjustments to modern medical education by providing new methods of teaching and learning. This article considers the place of AI in modern healthcare and medical education, including its benefits, issues and future prospects for using these technologies.The objective was to identify opportunities, define problems, and evaluate the prospects for the use of AI in healthcare and medical education. Methods and materials. The main general scientific research methods (dialectics, induction, deduction, description, comparison, analogy) and specific scientific methods (logical-analytical, system-structural, statistical, etc.). The sources of open information served as the materials for analysis.Results. As a result of this research, the most promising directions of using AI in health care and medical education have been identified, the problems of using these technologies have been defined and ways to overcome them have been outlined.Conclusion. AI is a rapidly growing field of innovation that has the potential to transform many sectors, including health care and medical education, revolutionizing not only the ways of medical care, making it more efficient, accurate and personalized, but also modernizing teaching and learning methods in medical education. However, there are a number of problems associated with the application of AI technologies that require further research into the totality of interactions between all actors (AI technologies, patients, doctors, medical staff, etc.) and the impact of digital technologies on human capacity in terms of medical care, taking into account serious internal risks and external threats that should be considered when making decisions about the introduction of AI technologies in an uncertain, contemporary geopolitical and economic environment, as well as sanctions constraints.
{"title":"The place of artificial intelligence in modern healthcare and medical education","authors":"A. N. Afonin, N. N. Kiseleva, A. I. Yaremenko, N. Vishnyakov","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-16-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-16-24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important tool in modern healthcare. It can revolutionize the ways of medical care, from diagnosis and treatment to high-tech medical care; and make adjustments to modern medical education by providing new methods of teaching and learning. This article considers the place of AI in modern healthcare and medical education, including its benefits, issues and future prospects for using these technologies.The objective was to identify opportunities, define problems, and evaluate the prospects for the use of AI in healthcare and medical education. Methods and materials. The main general scientific research methods (dialectics, induction, deduction, description, comparison, analogy) and specific scientific methods (logical-analytical, system-structural, statistical, etc.). The sources of open information served as the materials for analysis.Results. As a result of this research, the most promising directions of using AI in health care and medical education have been identified, the problems of using these technologies have been defined and ways to overcome them have been outlined.Conclusion. AI is a rapidly growing field of innovation that has the potential to transform many sectors, including health care and medical education, revolutionizing not only the ways of medical care, making it more efficient, accurate and personalized, but also modernizing teaching and learning methods in medical education. However, there are a number of problems associated with the application of AI technologies that require further research into the totality of interactions between all actors (AI technologies, patients, doctors, medical staff, etc.) and the impact of digital technologies on human capacity in terms of medical care, taking into account serious internal risks and external threats that should be considered when making decisions about the introduction of AI technologies in an uncertain, contemporary geopolitical and economic environment, as well as sanctions constraints.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139360087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-61-68
M. L. Kosheleva, E. A. Efet, S. A. Laptiev
This work is devoted to a literature review and description of a clinical case of Hypomelanosis of Ito. Considering the rare frequency of the disease, not much literature data has been accumulated to date. The description of the disease can be interesting for a number of reasons. Hypomelanosis of Ito is a congenital variant of phacomatosis affecting the skin and nervous system. The disease appears sporadic. The majority of cases are diagnosed clinically, which is due to the lack of a precisely established molecular defect and, as a result, the «difficulties» of molecular diagnostic. This is evidenced by the absence of standard genetic analysis. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnostic methods often do not establish a «causal» mutation. This description of the clinical case of the disease is dedicated to the child who was observed in the Department of Pediatric Neurology of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The patient was diagnosed clinically in early childhood; the leading symptoms of the disease were delayed speech development and epileptic seizures. No family history of neurocutaneous disorders was noted.Given the different approaches to the genetic verification of the syndrome, some methods of cytogenetic diagnostics were performed at the department, as the most frequently prescribed study to date. According to the results of the studies, no damage was found. Given the fact that genetic verification itself does not affect the prognosis and management of patients, it was decided not to continue molecular diagnostics.
{"title":"Hypomelanosis of Ito: description of the clinical case","authors":"M. L. Kosheleva, E. A. Efet, S. A. Laptiev","doi":"10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-61-68","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to a literature review and description of a clinical case of Hypomelanosis of Ito. Considering the rare frequency of the disease, not much literature data has been accumulated to date. The description of the disease can be interesting for a number of reasons. Hypomelanosis of Ito is a congenital variant of phacomatosis affecting the skin and nervous system. The disease appears sporadic. The majority of cases are diagnosed clinically, which is due to the lack of a precisely established molecular defect and, as a result, the «difficulties» of molecular diagnostic. This is evidenced by the absence of standard genetic analysis. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnostic methods often do not establish a «causal» mutation. This description of the clinical case of the disease is dedicated to the child who was observed in the Department of Pediatric Neurology of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The patient was diagnosed clinically in early childhood; the leading symptoms of the disease were delayed speech development and epileptic seizures. No family history of neurocutaneous disorders was noted.Given the different approaches to the genetic verification of the syndrome, some methods of cytogenetic diagnostics were performed at the department, as the most frequently prescribed study to date. According to the results of the studies, no damage was found. Given the fact that genetic verification itself does not affect the prognosis and management of patients, it was decided not to continue molecular diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":371429,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139369616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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