The most pressing issue in IP lookup has been to solve the longest prefix match (LPM) problem. The solution must appeal to 3 major criteria of lookup and update performance of the routing table, and memory consumption. However, in IPv6 route table lookup addressing the problem of the possible long prefix (128-bit) in the worst case is crucial. In this paper, this challenge is met by 'breaking' the address length into 'smaller' pieces of different prefix length in separate but contiguous tables. Coupled with smart prefix sorting and hardware hashing, this scheme is designed to be flexible and memory efficient.
{"title":"Robust routing table design for IPv6 lookup","authors":"S. Yong, H. Ewe","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.241","url":null,"abstract":"The most pressing issue in IP lookup has been to solve the longest prefix match (LPM) problem. The solution must appeal to 3 major criteria of lookup and update performance of the routing table, and memory consumption. However, in IPv6 route table lookup addressing the problem of the possible long prefix (128-bit) in the worst case is crucial. In this paper, this challenge is met by 'breaking' the address length into 'smaller' pieces of different prefix length in separate but contiguous tables. Coupled with smart prefix sorting and hardware hashing, this scheme is designed to be flexible and memory efficient.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133964318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The care of premature and ill term babies born in regional Australia differs considerably from those born in metropolitan areas for without access to a Neonatologist, the baby must be moved to another hospital with Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N1CU) facilities. This paper details the Bush Babies Broadband project that aims to address this need by significantly improving the quality of treatment for babies born in regional and remote areas by providing the first on-demand virtual NICU architecture in Australia. Real-time data collected from medical monitors and ventilators attached to the baby, audiovisual streams and static physiological data such as x-ray images are transmitted to the consulting Neonatologist to gain a better picture of the patient's condition than is currently available. The key contribution of this significant research is the infrastructure providing a mechanism for Neonatologists to receive information directly from a regional hospital, thereby preventing, in some cases, the immediate need to move the baby. A key benefit of this framework is that it is available to link regional hospitals with the supporting NICU Neonatologist 'on demand' eliminating the need to establish permanent point to point connections. This paper further describes the application of that architecture to a specific pilot connecting the Bathurst regional hospital with Neonatologists within the NICU at Nepean Hospital, Penrith Australia
{"title":"Bush Babies Broadband: On-Demand Virtual Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Support for Regional Australia","authors":"C. McGregor, Bruce Kneale, M. Tracy","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.89","url":null,"abstract":"The care of premature and ill term babies born in regional Australia differs considerably from those born in metropolitan areas for without access to a Neonatologist, the baby must be moved to another hospital with Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N1CU) facilities. This paper details the Bush Babies Broadband project that aims to address this need by significantly improving the quality of treatment for babies born in regional and remote areas by providing the first on-demand virtual NICU architecture in Australia. Real-time data collected from medical monitors and ventilators attached to the baby, audiovisual streams and static physiological data such as x-ray images are transmitted to the consulting Neonatologist to gain a better picture of the patient's condition than is currently available. The key contribution of this significant research is the infrastructure providing a mechanism for Neonatologists to receive information directly from a regional hospital, thereby preventing, in some cases, the immediate need to move the baby. A key benefit of this framework is that it is available to link regional hospitals with the supporting NICU Neonatologist 'on demand' eliminating the need to establish permanent point to point connections. This paper further describes the application of that architecture to a specific pilot connecting the Bathurst regional hospital with Neonatologists within the NICU at Nepean Hospital, Penrith Australia","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130751918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fractal image compression is a new technique in image compression field based on Affine contractive transforms. Fractal image compression methods belong to different categories according to the different theories they are based on. All of those are discussed in this paper. In the end a conclusion is made to summarize the characters of fractal image compression.
{"title":"Fractal image compression methods: a review","authors":"Erjun Zhao, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.150","url":null,"abstract":"Fractal image compression is a new technique in image compression field based on Affine contractive transforms. Fractal image compression methods belong to different categories according to the different theories they are based on. All of those are discussed in this paper. In the end a conclusion is made to summarize the characters of fractal image compression.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132916888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparing the traditional method, an automatic method to compute the classical fields based on genetic algorithms is purposed. In this paper, the measurement of phase's volume fraction in multiphase alloys is presented as the application example. The experiment results show that this method can compute the classical fields of matter element model automatically and effectively.
{"title":"Automatically compute the classical field of matter-element model based on genetic algorithms","authors":"Chen He-qing, Yu Yongquan, Chen Zhibin","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.84","url":null,"abstract":"Comparing the traditional method, an automatic method to compute the classical fields based on genetic algorithms is purposed. In this paper, the measurement of phase's volume fraction in multiphase alloys is presented as the application example. The experiment results show that this method can compute the classical fields of matter element model automatically and effectively.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123166194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expressive face and body gestures are among the main non-verbal communication channels in human-human interaction. Understanding human emotions through these nonverbal means is one of the necessary skills both for humans and also for the computers to interact intelligently and effectively with their human counterparts. Much progress has been achieved in affect assessment using a single measure type; however, reliable assessment typically requires the concurrent use of multiple modalities. Accordingly in this paper, we present preliminary results of automatic visual recognition of expressive face and upper-body action units (FAUs and BAUs) suitable for use in a vision-based affective multimodal framework.
{"title":"Automatic visual recognition of face and body action units","authors":"H. Gunes, M. Piccardi","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.83","url":null,"abstract":"Expressive face and body gestures are among the main non-verbal communication channels in human-human interaction. Understanding human emotions through these nonverbal means is one of the necessary skills both for humans and also for the computers to interact intelligently and effectively with their human counterparts. Much progress has been achieved in affect assessment using a single measure type; however, reliable assessment typically requires the concurrent use of multiple modalities. Accordingly in this paper, we present preliminary results of automatic visual recognition of expressive face and upper-body action units (FAUs and BAUs) suitable for use in a vision-based affective multimodal framework.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133789555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel solution to on-line Pitman shorthand recognition for high speed text input (>120wpm) to computer and mobile devices such as PDA's is proposed in this paper. Approaches to the recognition of three major components of Pitman shorthand - consonant outlines, vowel and diphthong symbols and shortforms are described in detail. Evaluation shows that the proposed approach achieved 84.4% recognition accuracy.
{"title":"On-line recognition of Pitman shorthand for fast mobile text entry","authors":"M. Yang, G. Leedham, C. Higgins, S. M. Htwe","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.196","url":null,"abstract":"A novel solution to on-line Pitman shorthand recognition for high speed text input (>120wpm) to computer and mobile devices such as PDA's is proposed in this paper. Approaches to the recognition of three major components of Pitman shorthand - consonant outlines, vowel and diphthong symbols and shortforms are described in detail. Evaluation shows that the proposed approach achieved 84.4% recognition accuracy.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124370284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data entry using a pen forms a natural, convenient interface especially for handheld devices, which are very common now. The large number of writing styles and the variability between them makes the problem of writer-independent handwriting recognition a challenging pattern recognition problem. The structural approaches has long been dominating the online character recognition (OLCR) technology, in which the structure of input character is extracted and matched with the structure of models already stored in a model database to determine the class of input character. In this paper, we extracted the structure of a character as a sequence of primitives with their direction information as it is most widely used technique in OLCR research. In this approach, it is possible to have the same sequence of primitives for many different characters, especially for writer-independent environment introducing ambiguity in recognition of such characters. We have introduced a novel concept of 'relative connectivity' among the subsequent primitives to remove the ambiguity between different characters having the same sequence of primitives. Our observations show that almost all ambiguities in which different characters were having same sequence of primitives have been removed by using this novel 'relative connectivity' approach. As this technique succeed in removing ambiguities, very good recognition results, 98.3% for digits and 99.2% for uppercase letters, also been observed.
{"title":"Online character recognition","authors":"S. Agarwal, Vikas Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.197","url":null,"abstract":"Data entry using a pen forms a natural, convenient interface especially for handheld devices, which are very common now. The large number of writing styles and the variability between them makes the problem of writer-independent handwriting recognition a challenging pattern recognition problem. The structural approaches has long been dominating the online character recognition (OLCR) technology, in which the structure of input character is extracted and matched with the structure of models already stored in a model database to determine the class of input character. In this paper, we extracted the structure of a character as a sequence of primitives with their direction information as it is most widely used technique in OLCR research. In this approach, it is possible to have the same sequence of primitives for many different characters, especially for writer-independent environment introducing ambiguity in recognition of such characters. We have introduced a novel concept of 'relative connectivity' among the subsequent primitives to remove the ambiguity between different characters having the same sequence of primitives. Our observations show that almost all ambiguities in which different characters were having same sequence of primitives have been removed by using this novel 'relative connectivity' approach. As this technique succeed in removing ambiguities, very good recognition results, 98.3% for digits and 99.2% for uppercase letters, also been observed.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123592281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes an attempt to develop a mixed data aggregation technique applicable for a groupware usability study. We show the formal parallelism between the evidence combination and decision making problems and that of ranking alternatives according to their usability. After the parallelism is established we explain how the ranking of alternatives may be approached by a combination of techniques from Dempster-Shafer and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) theories and illustrate the presented technique on actual data gathered during a usability study conducted by the Ambient Technology Group in Middlesex University.
{"title":"Using Dempster Shafer theory to aggregate usability study data","authors":"D. Iourinski, S. Ramalingam","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.295","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an attempt to develop a mixed data aggregation technique applicable for a groupware usability study. We show the formal parallelism between the evidence combination and decision making problems and that of ranking alternatives according to their usability. After the parallelism is established we explain how the ranking of alternatives may be approached by a combination of techniques from Dempster-Shafer and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) theories and illustrate the presented technique on actual data gathered during a usability study conducted by the Ambient Technology Group in Middlesex University.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123908853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advancements in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) has proved that it tends to achieve a spectral efficiency of tens or even higher of bits/Hz. The Large Area Synchronized (LAS) space-time spreading codes have an interference free window (IFW) where both the auto-correlation and cross-correlation become zero. Combining MIMO with LAS codes can effectively take advantage of multipath delay spread and random fading. In this paper, we show that by using the turbo product codes (TPC) and space interleaving in such a system, even the simple decorrelating detection method can detect the multi-antenna signals in effect and achieve very high spectral efficiency with finite-complexity which is feasible to realize in practice
{"title":"Using the LAS Space-Time Spreading Codes to Achieve High Spectral Efficiency","authors":"Hao Jiang","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.302","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) has proved that it tends to achieve a spectral efficiency of tens or even higher of bits/Hz. The Large Area Synchronized (LAS) space-time spreading codes have an interference free window (IFW) where both the auto-correlation and cross-correlation become zero. Combining MIMO with LAS codes can effectively take advantage of multipath delay spread and random fading. In this paper, we show that by using the turbo product codes (TPC) and space interleaving in such a system, even the simple decorrelating detection method can detect the multi-antenna signals in effect and achieve very high spectral efficiency with finite-complexity which is feasible to realize in practice","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128215409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to improve the decision-making capability of the classical expert system of agriculture, an integrated mechanism of the agricultural expert system and the virtual plant growth model simulated the plant's figure is proposed by employing the idea of software integration. Making use of the virtual plant growth model, the decision-making capability of classical expert system can be improved and the decision result can be vividly expressed. The total structure, the modules, the construction of knowledge database, and the built process of the virtual tomato growth model of the greenhouse tomato's expert system are discussed in detail. Finally, an example of the system's application is presented.
{"title":"Study and implementation of the expert system for greenhouse tomato planting","authors":"Ding Wei-long, Xiong Fan-lun, Cheng Zhi-jun","doi":"10.1109/ICITA.2005.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITA.2005.264","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the decision-making capability of the classical expert system of agriculture, an integrated mechanism of the agricultural expert system and the virtual plant growth model simulated the plant's figure is proposed by employing the idea of software integration. Making use of the virtual plant growth model, the decision-making capability of classical expert system can be improved and the decision result can be vividly expressed. The total structure, the modules, the construction of knowledge database, and the built process of the virtual tomato growth model of the greenhouse tomato's expert system are discussed in detail. Finally, an example of the system's application is presented.","PeriodicalId":371528,"journal":{"name":"Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA'05)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129579033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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