Pub Date : 2017-02-02DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.999
S. Adebisi, O. Azeez, R. Oyedeji
The study is an appraisal of Boko Haram’s insurgency on the agricultural sector of the Nigerian business environment. A time series analysis research method was adopted, while descriptive statistics and t-test were used to analyse the secondary data before and during the insurgency. The result of the findings showed that agricultural valued added to the GDP was high before Boko Haram disruption and has reduced during the period of insurgency. Based on the findings, the study recommends that Government should take legal and justifiable action to ensure that the ills caused by Boko Haram to the agricultural sector are arrested and farmers encouraged with better incentives to go back to farm.
{"title":"Appraising the Effect of Boko Haram Insurgency on the Agricultural Sector of Nigerian Business Environment","authors":"S. Adebisi, O. Azeez, R. Oyedeji","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.999","url":null,"abstract":"The study is an appraisal of Boko Haram’s insurgency on the agricultural sector of the Nigerian business environment. A time series analysis research method was adopted, while descriptive statistics and t-test were used to analyse the secondary data before and during the insurgency. The result of the findings showed that agricultural valued added to the GDP was high before Boko Haram disruption and has reduced during the period of insurgency. Based on the findings, the study recommends that Government should take legal and justifiable action to ensure that the ills caused by Boko Haram to the agricultural sector are arrested and farmers encouraged with better incentives to go back to farm.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78821935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-02DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.998
M. Longo, G. Messinis
This article offers an interdisciplinary perspective on the drivers of political and economic crisis in the European Union. A growing body of literature highlights the detrimental effects of extractive institutions on opportunity, sustainable growth and social cohesion. The article therefore examines the link between income inequality, corruption and perceptions of illegitimacy in the European Union. It conjectures that poor institutional quality and governance are critical drivers of the European Union’s legitimacy deficit. The article concludes that for the European regional project to advance there is a need for greater institutional convergence amongst member states and a renewed commitment to social cohesion.
{"title":"Inequality, Poor Governance and Legitimacy Deficits in the European Union","authors":"M. Longo, G. Messinis","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.998","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers an interdisciplinary perspective on the drivers of political and economic crisis in the European Union. A growing body of literature highlights the detrimental effects of extractive institutions on opportunity, sustainable growth and social cohesion. The article therefore examines the link between income inequality, corruption and perceptions of illegitimacy in the European Union. It conjectures that poor institutional quality and governance are critical drivers of the European Union’s legitimacy deficit. The article concludes that for the European regional project to advance there is a need for greater institutional convergence amongst member states and a renewed commitment to social cohesion.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"83 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73752503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-02DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.1000
A. Widodo, Anona Armstrong
This paper presents preliminary findings from a survey about board member duality and agency cost in state-owned enterprises in 2014 in Indonesia. Board member duality is defined as the appointment to the position of director in a parent company while at the same time also holding a position as a commissioner in its subsidiary company. Agency cost refers to the cost which arises as a consequence of an agent and principal relationship. The principal expects that agency cost incurred in the relationship, will, in turn, increase corporate performance. Director’s remuneration, as one of the proxies for agency costs, is tested together with several variables involved in the respondent attributes, namely gender, age, and education in order to find the best predictor of the dual director response regarding his/her role in parent and subsidiary governance. The preliminary finding reveals that Director’s remuneration is the best predictor of the dual director response against three propositions, namely (1) Dual directors use their experiences to the advantage of both companies; (2) Dual directors tend to choose the interests of the parent rather than those of its subsidiary; (3) Dual directors increase subsidiary performance.
{"title":"Board Member Duality and Its Relationship with Corporate Performance in State-owned Enterprises in Indonesia","authors":"A. Widodo, Anona Armstrong","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.1000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V11I1.1000","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents preliminary findings from a survey about board member duality and agency cost in state-owned enterprises in 2014 in Indonesia. Board member duality is defined as the appointment to the position of director in a parent company while at the same time also holding a position as a commissioner in its subsidiary company. Agency cost refers to the cost which arises as a consequence of an agent and principal relationship. The principal expects that agency cost incurred in the relationship, will, in turn, increase corporate performance. Director’s remuneration, as one of the proxies for agency costs, is tested together with several variables involved in the respondent attributes, namely gender, age, and education in order to find the best predictor of the dual director response regarding his/her role in parent and subsidiary governance. The preliminary finding reveals that Director’s remuneration is the best predictor of the dual director response against three propositions, namely (1) Dual directors use their experiences to the advantage of both companies; (2) Dual directors tend to choose the interests of the parent rather than those of its subsidiary; (3) Dual directors increase subsidiary performance.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74029046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-23DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.866
Kumudini Heenetigala, C. D. S. Lokuwaduge, Anona Armstrong, A. Ediriweera
The aim of this paper is to determine the extent of ESG reporting and to determine the nature and type of ESG indicators used to report ESG disclosures of listed mining sector companies in Australia. The study was conducted with secondary data collected from integrated or sustainability reports of Top 100 Companies in the Diversified Metal and Mining Sector for the year 2013. A pilot study was conducted with 12 companies which were top end of market capitalisation and compared with total of 30 companies. Findings revealed that majority of the companies had a sustainability report and the trend is towards integrated reporting and majority of the companies at the top end of market capitalisation reported on non-financial disclosures. However, the measures used for environmental and social indicators is an issue because the same indicator was measured differently by companies even in the same industry, whereas, indicators used for governance was of regulatory nature and was comparable. This study showed that there is a clear need for uniform measures to report ESG indicator.
{"title":"An investigation of environmental, social and governance measures of listed mining sector companies in Australia","authors":"Kumudini Heenetigala, C. D. S. Lokuwaduge, Anona Armstrong, A. Ediriweera","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.866","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to determine the extent of ESG reporting and to determine the nature and type of ESG indicators used to report ESG disclosures of listed mining sector companies in Australia. The study was conducted with secondary data collected from integrated or sustainability reports of Top 100 Companies in the Diversified Metal and Mining Sector for the year 2013. A pilot study was conducted with 12 companies which were top end of market capitalisation and compared with total of 30 companies. Findings revealed that majority of the companies had a sustainability report and the trend is towards integrated reporting and majority of the companies at the top end of market capitalisation reported on non-financial disclosures. However, the measures used for environmental and social indicators is an issue because the same indicator was measured differently by companies even in the same industry, whereas, indicators used for governance was of regulatory nature and was comparable. This study showed that there is a clear need for uniform measures to report ESG indicator.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87333574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-23DOI: 10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.867
Luay Khreish
The purpose of this study was to understand value creation on a dyadic level within banking relationships (that is between a business-banking relationship manager and a business-banking customer). It also aimed to provide business-banking specific definitions for the Co-Creation of Value (CCoV) within the said context. A quantitative survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to two respondent groups (business-banking relationship managers and business-banking customers) from a major Australian Bank.CCoV was found to be positively correlated with relationship longevity both from the relationship manager’s and customer’s perspectives. A limitation of this study is that due to the lack of extant literature on CCoV, only one measure for this construct was developed and utilised. This research will assist banks when formulating relationship strategy, in that, it provides an insight into customer perceived value. It also provides insight into banker perceived value. Therefore, customers will be able to reciprocate value thus enabling the development of deeper customer/bank relationships. There is little existing research that covers CCoV, particularly in a banking context, so this study provides a definition of CCoV within the said context. This will be important to theorists and bankers alike when theorists attempt to extend the knowledge of CCoV in banking context and when bankers are formulating relationship strategy.
{"title":"Co-Creation of Value in Banking Relationships","authors":"Luay Khreish","doi":"10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.867","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to understand value creation on a dyadic level within banking relationships (that is between a business-banking relationship manager and a business-banking customer). It also aimed to provide business-banking specific definitions for the Co-Creation of Value (CCoV) within the said context. A quantitative survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to two respondent groups (business-banking relationship managers and business-banking customers) from a major Australian Bank.CCoV was found to be positively correlated with relationship longevity both from the relationship manager’s and customer’s perspectives. A limitation of this study is that due to the lack of extant literature on CCoV, only one measure for this construct was developed and utilised. This research will assist banks when formulating relationship strategy, in that, it provides an insight into customer perceived value. It also provides insight into banker perceived value. Therefore, customers will be able to reciprocate value thus enabling the development of deeper customer/bank relationships. There is little existing research that covers CCoV, particularly in a banking context, so this study provides a definition of CCoV within the said context. This will be important to theorists and bankers alike when theorists attempt to extend the knowledge of CCoV in banking context and when bankers are formulating relationship strategy.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76353403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-23DOI: 10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.869
J. Geary, John Zeleznikow
The purpose in this paper is to provide an overview about prisoners' rights to utilize the Internet and security concerns that may arise with this. It is argued that prisoners should have limited access to the Internet, for such purposes as education, to maintain contact with their families, and to utilise information sources that may be located outside their institutions
{"title":"Prisoners’ Rights: Access to Computers and the Internet","authors":"J. Geary, John Zeleznikow","doi":"10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/jbsge.v10i4.869","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose in this paper is to provide an overview about prisoners' rights to utilize the Internet and security concerns that may arise with this. It is argued that prisoners should have limited access to the Internet, for such purposes as education, to maintain contact with their families, and to utilise information sources that may be located outside their institutions","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74188815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-23DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.868
A. Hallsworth, Alfred Wong
Food supply incorporates both production and distribution. During the past few decades, large corporations have steadily gained control over food supply. This increased dominance is a result of, among other things, the continuation of neoliberal free-market government policies. Because of the legal mandate of modern corporations, the psychopathic pursuit of profit for their shareholders is a natural undertaking. In particular, four multiples now control a significant segment of the grocery market in Britain. Because of such pervasive presence, the major multiples are shaping the preference and choices of the grocery buying public. Such corporate dominance is a form of tyranny whenever it limits the free will and choices of the population at large. Despite periodic vocal public indignation and outcries against such “abuses”, many middle income citizens continue to drive cars to large supermarkets to do virtually all their grocery shopping conveniently under “one roof”. The scope of action available to the public to redress this imbalance is greatly circumscribed.
{"title":"Tyranny of corporate dominance exemplified by food supply in modern-day Britain","authors":"A. Hallsworth, Alfred Wong","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V10I4.868","url":null,"abstract":"Food supply incorporates both production and distribution. During the past few decades, large corporations have steadily gained control over food supply. This increased dominance is a result of, among other things, the continuation of neoliberal free-market government policies. Because of the legal mandate of modern corporations, the psychopathic pursuit of profit for their shareholders is a natural undertaking. In particular, four multiples now control a significant segment of the grocery market in Britain. Because of such pervasive presence, the major multiples are shaping the preference and choices of the grocery buying public. Such corporate dominance is a form of tyranny whenever it limits the free will and choices of the population at large. Despite periodic vocal public indignation and outcries against such “abuses”, many middle income citizens continue to drive cars to large supermarkets to do virtually all their grocery shopping conveniently under “one roof”. The scope of action available to the public to redress this imbalance is greatly circumscribed.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"41 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-22DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V10I1.843
Michael Wildenauer
Research into board effectiveness has often been approached from a structural perspective and investigated using the financial performance of the organization, with limited success. However, boards are also elite teams and their effectiveness can this be studied in terms of group constructs. This paper provides a review of the literature which exists to support a team effectiveness approach to the effectiveness of boards, and exactly which parts of the team effectiveness literature are most suitable for behavioural research into board effectiveness.
{"title":"Towards a Team Approach to Understanding Board Effectiveness","authors":"Michael Wildenauer","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V10I1.843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V10I1.843","url":null,"abstract":"Research into board effectiveness has often been approached from a structural perspective and investigated using the financial performance of the organization, with limited success. However, boards are also elite teams and their effectiveness can this be studied in terms of group constructs. This paper provides a review of the literature which exists to support a team effectiveness approach to the effectiveness of boards, and exactly which parts of the team effectiveness literature are most suitable for behavioural research into board effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84441586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-22DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V10I2.870
Geoff Fader
A small business originates from an idea in some one’s mind and grows from the development of that idea. Only after it has taken hold, been accepted and started to grow is it any more than the thinking of an individual. Governance therefore is entirely in the mind of the individual. The individual is the business. Governance reflects the personal beliefs and societal relationships of that individual.
{"title":"Fact, Fallacy and Failure in Small Business Governance","authors":"Geoff Fader","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V10I2.870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V10I2.870","url":null,"abstract":"A small business originates from an idea in some one’s mind and grows from the development of that idea. Only after it has taken hold, been accepted and started to grow is it any more than the thinking of an individual. Governance therefore is entirely in the mind of the individual. The individual is the business. Governance reflects the personal beliefs and societal relationships of that individual.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86918354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-22DOI: 10.15209/JBSGE.V10I3.859
Bitra Suyatno, Anona Armstrong, K. Thomas
This chapter discusses opportunities for whistleblowing of bribery practices in the Indonesian Directorate General of Taxation. Building on earlier studies which reveal that written regulations and policies providing whistleblowers protection programs and threatening punishment for those who retaliate against whistleblowers, are not effective, this study investigates social and cultural variables, such as attitude toward whistleblowing, group pressure, and perceived behavioural control that may influence individuals to report wrongdoing. The chapter suggests that unless bribery is understood within an organization, the relevant regulations, policies, and system may not be used at all or they may not be used properly to combat bribery. Three main research questions are discussed: first, to what extent do identified variables influence individuals to report bribery; second, to what extent do identified variables influence individuals in selecting reporting channels; and third, what are the main variables that influence the intention of individuals to report bribery? Answers to these questions will be useful when designing whistleblowing regulations and policies to combat bribery in the high context culture of Indonesia.
{"title":"Whistleblowing and the Indonesian tax department: a framework for analysis","authors":"Bitra Suyatno, Anona Armstrong, K. Thomas","doi":"10.15209/JBSGE.V10I3.859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15209/JBSGE.V10I3.859","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses opportunities for whistleblowing of bribery practices in the Indonesian Directorate General of Taxation. Building on earlier studies which reveal that written regulations and policies providing whistleblowers protection programs and threatening punishment for those who retaliate against whistleblowers, are not effective, this study investigates social and cultural variables, such as attitude toward whistleblowing, group pressure, and perceived behavioural control that may influence individuals to report wrongdoing. The chapter suggests that unless bribery is understood within an organization, the relevant regulations, policies, and system may not be used at all or they may not be used properly to combat bribery. Three main research questions are discussed: first, to what extent do identified variables influence individuals to report bribery; second, to what extent do identified variables influence individuals in selecting reporting channels; and third, what are the main variables that influence the intention of individuals to report bribery? Answers to these questions will be useful when designing whistleblowing regulations and policies to combat bribery in the high context culture of Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":37233,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87298133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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