Farah Iqbal, A. Khan, S. Farooqui, Al-Wardha Zahoor
Introduction. While osteopenia was once considered an older disease, it is now commonly seen in young individuals. The low bone density in the young population is alarming, leading to demands to improve physical activity. The study aims to de- termine the effectiveness of high impact exercise among young females with osteopenia. Methods. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the out-patient department of Jinnah Sindh medical university among forty-five females aged 18 to 30 years, with osteopenia. The participants were enrolled through convenience and a purposive sampling technique. A training program involving high impact exercise was given for 4 weeks following an initial screening using a dEXA scan. The outcome was measured with the pre- and post-intervention of an exercise program on bone mass density (BMd), body mass index (BMi) and body fat percentage (BFP). Results. At the end of the four weeks, BMi, BMd and BFP showed significant improvements ( p < 0.05). The BMd was improved from –1.95 to –1.89. it was found that BMd was significantly associated with age (0.04). Conclusions. our study confirmed that the bone health of young females needs special attention to avoid osteoporosis in the future. The high impact exercises did show significant improvements through training, but additional studies are required on a larger scale.
{"title":"Effects of high impact exercises on physical activity, bone mineral density,\u0000body mass index and body fat percentage among osteopenic young females","authors":"Farah Iqbal, A. Khan, S. Farooqui, Al-Wardha Zahoor","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.125748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.125748","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. While osteopenia was once considered an older disease, it is now commonly seen in young individuals. The low bone density in the young population is alarming, leading to demands to improve physical activity. The study aims to de- termine the effectiveness of high impact exercise among young females with osteopenia. Methods. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the out-patient department of Jinnah Sindh medical university among forty-five females aged 18 to 30 years, with osteopenia. The participants were enrolled through convenience and a purposive sampling technique. A training program involving high impact exercise was given for 4 weeks following an initial screening using a dEXA scan. The outcome was measured with the pre- and post-intervention of an exercise program on bone mass density (BMd), body mass index (BMi) and body fat percentage (BFP). Results. At the end of the four weeks, BMi, BMd and BFP showed significant improvements ( p < 0.05). The BMd was improved from –1.95 to –1.89. it was found that BMd was significantly associated with age (0.04). Conclusions. our study confirmed that the bone health of young females needs special attention to avoid osteoporosis in the future. The high impact exercises did show significant improvements through training, but additional studies are required on a larger scale.","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70525014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Fatoye, C. Mbada, O. T. Akano, O. Oyewole, A. Odole, C. Fatoye, Michael Ogbonnia Egwu, A. A. Kolade
Introduction. Real-world evidence studies using routinely collected data, such as patient clinical records, are innovative ways of generating insight into the effectiveness of healthcare interventions. This study examined the effectiveness of vertical oscillatory pressure (VoP) on selected clinical outcomes for patients with low back pain (LBP) using routinely collected data. Methods. Retrospective analysis was carried out on the medical records of patients diagnosed with LBP in a tertiary hospital in south-west Nigeria over a 10-year period. Clinical outcomes (pain intensity and functional disability) in patients who received VoP ( n = 201) for their LBP were compared with controls that had traditional physiotherapy (TP) ( n = 138) in a routine clinical setting. Total costs of intervention were estimated in terms of direct and indirect costs. Results. T here were significant differences within group (from baseline to 4 th and 8 th week of intervention) for the VoP group in pain intensity ( p = 0.001) and functional disability ( p = 0.001). However, TP group showed no significant differences in pain intensity and functional disability across baseline and week 8 of the study. There was a significant difference in pain intensity (2.95 ± 1.38 vs. 4.16 ± 2.48; p = 0.013) between VoP and TP at week eight. A higher direct and indirect costs associated with VoP compared with TP (both p = 0.042). Conclusions. The findings of this study suggest that VoP is an effective intervention for LBP in the ‘real-world’. VoP is more effective compared to TP on its effect on pain intensity over time.
{"title":"Real-world effectiveness and costs of vertical oscillatory pressure manipulation\u0000for low back pain","authors":"F. Fatoye, C. Mbada, O. T. Akano, O. Oyewole, A. Odole, C. Fatoye, Michael Ogbonnia Egwu, A. A. Kolade","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.125749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.125749","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Real-world evidence studies using routinely collected data, such as patient clinical records, are innovative ways of generating insight into the effectiveness of healthcare interventions. This study examined the effectiveness of vertical oscillatory pressure (VoP) on selected clinical outcomes for patients with low back pain (LBP) using routinely collected data. Methods. Retrospective analysis was carried out on the medical records of patients diagnosed with LBP in a tertiary hospital in south-west Nigeria over a 10-year period. Clinical outcomes (pain intensity and functional disability) in patients who received VoP ( n = 201) for their LBP were compared with controls that had traditional physiotherapy (TP) ( n = 138) in a routine clinical setting. Total costs of intervention were estimated in terms of direct and indirect costs. Results. T here were significant differences within group (from baseline to 4 th and 8 th week of intervention) for the VoP group in pain intensity ( p = 0.001) and functional disability ( p = 0.001). However, TP group showed no significant differences in pain intensity and functional disability across baseline and week 8 of the study. There was a significant difference in pain intensity (2.95 ± 1.38 vs. 4.16 ± 2.48; p = 0.013) between VoP and TP at week eight. A higher direct and indirect costs associated with VoP compared with TP (both p = 0.042). Conclusions. The findings of this study suggest that VoP is an effective intervention for LBP in the ‘real-world’. VoP is more effective compared to TP on its effect on pain intensity over time.","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70525066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of contraction intensity and perceived intensity between dominant and non-dominant leg in sedentary adults","authors":"W. Lim","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.120426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.120426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70523437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Folashade O. Sojobi, M. Olatubi, F. Faremi, O. Oyewole, M. Ogunlana
Introduction. The magnitude of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) and its risk factors among bakery workers are not well known in Nigeria. Therefore, this study investigated the pattern and predictors of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) seen in Nigerian bakery workers. Methods. The analytical cross-sectional survey used a proforma and the standard Nordic questionnaire in assessing demographic characteristics, relevant work-related/ergonomic hazards and MSP information. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique with simple random sampling at stage one (25 bakeries) and a consecutive sampling technique at stage two (7 employees from each bakery). Statistics like chi-square and logistic regression were used in analysing the data. Results. one hundred and seventy-seven participants (77.4% males) with a mean age of 29.7 ± 6.7 years, and the average length of working in the bakery was 9.3 ± 5.2 years. Bending for prolonged periods (93.2%) and repetitive hand movements (92.1%) were the most prevalent ergonomic work hazards. in the past year, 72.3% reported MSP with the lower back region most prevalent (80.2%) followed by pain in the neck region (63.8%). Age, gender and educational attainments were significantly associated with the presence of MSP while ergonomic factors such as repetitive bending, overstretching and use of vibration-generating movement were also significantly associated with the presence of MSP among the bakery workers. inadequate staffing, using vibration movement handling and education are the main predictors of the presence of MSP ( 2 = 29.09, p < 0.001; R 2 = 0.219). Conclusions. High prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the past one year among Nigerian bakery workers predicted by education level, inadequate staffing, and vibration movement handling.
{"title":"Pattern and predictors of musculoskeletal pain among bakery workers\u0000in Abeokuta, Nigeria","authors":"Folashade O. Sojobi, M. Olatubi, F. Faremi, O. Oyewole, M. Ogunlana","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.125744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.125744","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The magnitude of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) and its risk factors among bakery workers are not well known in Nigeria. Therefore, this study investigated the pattern and predictors of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) seen in Nigerian bakery workers. Methods. The analytical cross-sectional survey used a proforma and the standard Nordic questionnaire in assessing demographic characteristics, relevant work-related/ergonomic hazards and MSP information. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique with simple random sampling at stage one (25 bakeries) and a consecutive sampling technique at stage two (7 employees from each bakery). Statistics like chi-square and logistic regression were used in analysing the data. Results. one hundred and seventy-seven participants (77.4% males) with a mean age of 29.7 ± 6.7 years, and the average length of working in the bakery was 9.3 ± 5.2 years. Bending for prolonged periods (93.2%) and repetitive hand movements (92.1%) were the most prevalent ergonomic work hazards. in the past year, 72.3% reported MSP with the lower back region most prevalent (80.2%) followed by pain in the neck region (63.8%). Age, gender and educational attainments were significantly associated with the presence of MSP while ergonomic factors such as repetitive bending, overstretching and use of vibration-generating movement were also significantly associated with the presence of MSP among the bakery workers. inadequate staffing, using vibration movement handling and education are the main predictors of the presence of MSP ( 2 = 29.09, p < 0.001; R 2 = 0.219). Conclusions. High prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the past one year among Nigerian bakery workers predicted by education level, inadequate staffing, and vibration movement handling.","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The posterior oblique sling (PoS) serves to improve stability by transferring the force and load during an active movement in muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of pelvic positions on the knee extension range of motion (KE RoM) and the influence of trunk positions on the mobility of the lower extremity. Methods. Sixteen subjects (age 21.0 ± 1.9 years, height 165.3 ± 7.6 cm, weight 59.56 ± 7.9 kg) participated in this study. The therapist measured the active KE RoM of the dominant leg at three different pelvic positions (neutral position, maximal anterior, and posterior pelvic tilt) and at two different trunk positions (trunk flexion and trunk rotation) using a Bluetooth embed inertial measurement unit sensor. A 10-minute rest was taken between positions. during trunk flexion and trunk rotation, the pelvis was maintained in a neutral position to prevent the change in length of the hamstring muscles. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. in comparison to the neutral position, the anterior and posterior pelvic tilt significantly decreased ( p < 0.001) and in- creased the KE RoM ( p < 0.001). in addition, the trunk rotation significantly decreased the KE RoM ( p = 0.002). However, the trunk flexion did not significantly change the KE RoM. Conclusions. The findings in this study indicate that the changes in the length of the PoS significantly influenced the functional mobility in the lower extremity. in clinical practice, the flexibility of PoS must be considered during reciprocal movements involving the upper body and contralateral lower extremities.
介绍。后斜吊索(PoS)通过在肌肉收缩的主动运动中转移力和负荷来提高稳定性。本研究的目的是探讨骨盆位置对膝关节伸展活动范围(KE RoM)的影响以及躯干位置对下肢活动能力的影响。方法。研究对象16例，年龄21.0±1.9岁，身高165.3±7.6 cm，体重59.56±7.9 kg。治疗师使用蓝牙嵌入式惯性测量单元传感器测量了三种不同骨盆位置(中立位，骨盆最大前后倾斜)和两种不同躯干位置(躯干弯曲和躯干旋转)下主腿的活动KE RoM。每个位置之间休息10分钟。在躯干屈曲和躯干旋转时，骨盆保持在中立位置，以防止腘绳肌长度的变化。p < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果。与中立位相比，骨盆前后倾斜明显降低(p < 0.001)， KE RoM明显增加(p < 0.001)。此外，躯干旋转显著降低了KE RoM (p = 0.002)。然而，躯干屈曲并没有显著改变KE RoM。本研究结果表明，PoS长度的变化显著影响了下肢的功能活动能力。在临床实践中，在涉及上肢和对侧下肢的相互运动中，必须考虑PoS的灵活性。
{"title":"The influence of passive extensibility of the posterior oblique sling’s upper\u0000portion on contralateral knee extension","authors":"W. Lim","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.125747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.125747","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The posterior oblique sling (PoS) serves to improve stability by transferring the force and load during an active movement in muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of pelvic positions on the knee extension range of motion (KE RoM) and the influence of trunk positions on the mobility of the lower extremity. Methods. Sixteen subjects (age 21.0 ± 1.9 years, height 165.3 ± 7.6 cm, weight 59.56 ± 7.9 kg) participated in this study. The therapist measured the active KE RoM of the dominant leg at three different pelvic positions (neutral position, maximal anterior, and posterior pelvic tilt) and at two different trunk positions (trunk flexion and trunk rotation) using a Bluetooth embed inertial measurement unit sensor. A 10-minute rest was taken between positions. during trunk flexion and trunk rotation, the pelvis was maintained in a neutral position to prevent the change in length of the hamstring muscles. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. in comparison to the neutral position, the anterior and posterior pelvic tilt significantly decreased ( p < 0.001) and in- creased the KE RoM ( p < 0.001). in addition, the trunk rotation significantly decreased the KE RoM ( p = 0.002). However, the trunk flexion did not significantly change the KE RoM. Conclusions. The findings in this study indicate that the changes in the length of the PoS significantly influenced the functional mobility in the lower extremity. in clinical practice, the flexibility of PoS must be considered during reciprocal movements involving the upper body and contralateral lower extremities.","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research shows that housing and health are inextricably linked. People with mobility impairments, whether in wheelchairs or on crutches, face a variety of impediments to urban infrastructure on a daily basis, both within their own home and in their immediate surroundings. The research shows that disability may be decreased by adapting the environment. The home modifications improve functioning and decrease dependence, impact on general sensation, participation, and higher self-assessment of health. Housing adaptations were identified as one of the ten most promising ‘preventive interventions’ for older people with physical disabilities. Adapting a home to the needs of people with mobility impairments requires a comprehensive, individual approach. interdisciplinary cooperation among specialists from various scientific fields – technical, medical, and social – significantly increases the effectiveness of projects. occupational therapists play a key role in helping patients and their families to plan a safe, functional and comfortable home environment, supporting home healthcare services. occupational therapists better understand the physical, social, emotional, sensory and cognitive aspects of the person and the relationship between the person, environment and occupation. The aim of the publication was to show the importance of adapting a flat to the needs of a person with a disability as an important element of supporting the rehabilitation process in the living environment. Particular attention was paid to the role of the occupational therapist as an expert who understands the relationship between the person, the environment, and the occupation.
{"title":"A new perspective on the role of the occupational therapist in the home rehabilitation of people with physical disabilities","authors":"B. Ostrowska, P. Kozłowski, D. Zawadzka","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.128027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.128027","url":null,"abstract":"Research shows that housing and health are inextricably linked. People with mobility impairments, whether in wheelchairs or on crutches, face a variety of impediments to urban infrastructure on a daily basis, both within their own home and in their immediate surroundings. The research shows that disability may be decreased by adapting the environment. The home modifications improve functioning and decrease dependence, impact on general sensation, participation, and higher self-assessment of health. Housing adaptations were identified as one of the ten most promising ‘preventive interventions’ for older people with physical disabilities. Adapting a home to the needs of people with mobility impairments requires a comprehensive, individual approach. interdisciplinary cooperation among specialists from various scientific fields – technical, medical, and social – significantly increases the effectiveness of projects. occupational therapists play a key role in helping patients and their families to plan a safe, functional and comfortable home environment, supporting home healthcare services. occupational therapists better understand the physical, social, emotional, sensory and cognitive aspects of the person and the relationship between the person, environment and occupation. The aim of the publication was to show the importance of adapting a flat to the needs of a person with a disability as an important element of supporting the rehabilitation process in the living environment. Particular attention was paid to the role of the occupational therapist as an expert who understands the relationship between the person, the environment, and the occupation.","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Abdelkader, Omnia Younes, S. Abdelmajeed, Emad G. Kamel, K. Hassan
{"title":"Higher prevalence of trunk rotation among Egyptian students in urban than in countryside areas","authors":"N. Abdelkader, Omnia Younes, S. Abdelmajeed, Emad G. Kamel, K. Hassan","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.123526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.123526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70523146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response of salivary flow rate to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in haemodialysis patients","authors":"Ali Mohamed Ali Ismail, M. Abdelhay, R. Draz","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.123524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.123524","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70523514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tintu Thomas, A. Narayan, G. Alaparthi, Shreekanth D Karnad
{"title":"Diaphragmatic excursion and pulmonary function in children with cerebral palsy – comparative study","authors":"Tintu Thomas, A. Narayan, G. Alaparthi, Shreekanth D Karnad","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.125129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.125129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70523894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Kocur, Daniel Choszczewski, J. Lewandowski, M. Goliwąs
{"title":"Assessment of stiffness of the superficial neck muscles in female office workers with impaired endurance of deep neck flexors: a case-control study","authors":"P. Kocur, Daniel Choszczewski, J. Lewandowski, M. Goliwąs","doi":"10.5114/pq.2023.128026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2023.128026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37315,"journal":{"name":"Physiotherapy Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：