Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00664
Özlem Türkşen, S. Ertunç
Beta-glucan (BG) has positive health effects for the mamalians. However, the BG sources have limited content of it. Besides, the production of the BG has stringent procedures with low productivity. Economical production of the BG needs the improvement of the BG production steps. In this study, it is aimed to improve the BG content during the first step of the BG production, microorganism growth step, by obtaining the optimal values of additive materials (EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol). For this purpose, the experimental data sets with replicated response measures (RRM) are obtained at spesific levels of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol. Fuzzy modeling, a flexible modeling approach, is applied on the experimental data set because of the small sized data set and diffulty of satisfying probabilistic modeling assumptions. The predicted fuzzy function is obtained according to the fuzzy least squares approach. In order to get the optimal values of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol, the predicted fuzzy function is maximized based on multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach. By using the optimal values of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol, the uncertainty for predicted BG content is evaluated from the economic perspective.
{"title":"An application of fuzzy linear modeling: prediction of uncertainty for beta-glucan content","authors":"Özlem Türkşen, S. Ertunç","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00664","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-glucan (BG) has positive health effects for the mamalians. However, the BG sources have limited content of it. Besides, the production of the BG has stringent procedures with low productivity. Economical production of the BG needs the improvement of the BG production steps. In this study, it is aimed to improve the BG content during the first step of the BG production, microorganism growth step, by obtaining the optimal values of additive materials (EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol). For this purpose, the experimental data sets with replicated response measures (RRM) are obtained at spesific levels of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol. Fuzzy modeling, a flexible modeling approach, is applied on the experimental data set because of the small sized data set and diffulty of satisfying probabilistic modeling assumptions. The predicted fuzzy function is obtained according to the fuzzy least squares approach. In order to get the optimal values of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol, the predicted fuzzy function is maximized based on multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach. By using the optimal values of EDTA, CaCl2 and Sorbitol, the uncertainty for predicted BG content is evaluated from the economic perspective.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87854517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00638
Zehra Pinar
In this work, Bagley-Torvik equation is considered with conformable derivatives. The analytical solutions will be obtained via Sine-Gordon expansion method and Bernouli equation method for the two cases of Bagley-Torvik equation. We will illustrate and discuss about the methodology and solutions therefore the proposed equation has meaning in different areas of science and engineering.
{"title":"On the explicit solutions of fractional Bagley-Torvik equation arises in engineering","authors":"Zehra Pinar","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00638","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, Bagley-Torvik equation is considered with conformable derivatives. The analytical solutions will be obtained via Sine-Gordon expansion method and Bernouli equation method for the two cases of Bagley-Torvik equation. We will illustrate and discuss about the methodology and solutions therefore the proposed equation has meaning in different areas of science and engineering.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87032478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00631
O. A. Arık
This paper proposes a credibility based chance constrained programming approach for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations where the objective is to minimize the fuzzy project completion time. This paper expresses the fuzzy events such as a project activity’s duration or project completion time with fuzzy chance constraints and the chance of a fuzzy event is illustrated with fuzzy credibility distribution. Due to uncertainty in durations of a project, fuzzy sets and fuzzy numbers can be used in order to illustrate the uncertainty and find a solution space for the problem. Therefore, fuzzy credibility based chance constraint technique is investigated for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations considering the uncertainty or chance of a fuzzy event within a closed interval. In this paper, a fuzzy mathematical model and its crisp equivalent by using credibility measure and chance-constrained programming are given for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations.
{"title":"Credibility based chance constrained programming for project scheduling with fuzzy activity durations","authors":"O. A. Arık","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00631","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a credibility based chance constrained programming approach for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations where the objective is to minimize the fuzzy project completion time. This paper expresses the fuzzy events such as a project activity’s duration or project completion time with fuzzy chance constraints and the chance of a fuzzy event is illustrated with fuzzy credibility distribution. Due to uncertainty in durations of a project, fuzzy sets and fuzzy numbers can be used in order to illustrate the uncertainty and find a solution space for the problem. Therefore, fuzzy credibility based chance constraint technique is investigated for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations considering the uncertainty or chance of a fuzzy event within a closed interval. In this paper, a fuzzy mathematical model and its crisp equivalent by using credibility measure and chance-constrained programming are given for project scheduling problems with fuzzy activity durations.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75113673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-29DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00714
Suleyman Mete, Faruk Serin
A fundamental problem concerning medical waste disposal is the evaluation of the real and potential risks arising from waste with the focus on the risk of infection. Therefore, the optimization of medical waste routing from collection to disposal center can minimize the risk of infection. The routing of medical waste considers significant to determine potential routes and select the route with minimum distance. The management of the medical waste is important decision for environmental sustainability and includes the collection, transportation and disposal of these materials. In this paper, a geographic information system (GIS) solution approach is proposed to determine the best location of disposal center. Proposed approach is applied to medical waste transportation between 167 health institutions (collection centers) and predetermined 5 disposal centers through TRB1 region in Turkey, which consist of Malatya, Elaz??, Bingöl and Tunceli provinces. The results of case study are examined and suggestions for future research are provided.
{"title":"Optimization of medical waste routing problem: The case of TRB1 region in Turkey","authors":"Suleyman Mete, Faruk Serin","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00714","url":null,"abstract":"A fundamental problem concerning medical waste disposal is the evaluation of the real and potential risks arising from waste with the focus on the risk of infection. Therefore, the optimization of medical waste routing from collection to disposal center can minimize the risk of infection. The routing of medical waste considers significant to determine potential routes and select the route with minimum distance. The management of the medical waste is important decision for environmental sustainability and includes the collection, transportation and disposal of these materials. In this paper, a geographic information system (GIS) solution approach is proposed to determine the best location of disposal center. Proposed approach is applied to medical waste transportation between 167 health institutions (collection centers) and predetermined 5 disposal centers through TRB1 region in Turkey, which consist of Malatya, Elaz??, Bingöl and Tunceli provinces. The results of case study are examined and suggestions for future research are provided.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80281297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00614
U. Eminoglu, Ozan Karahan
The installation of wind turbines and consequently the use of wind energy is increasing day by day, since the rapid development in semiconductor technology has led to more advance in the wind turbine technologies. On the other hand, it is well known that a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application provides great advantages to the user such as; the use of programming language and data input for systems without coding, getting the results with the help of symbols, icons and other visual graphics. Accordingly, in this paper, to determine the amount of energy production, cost of energy and etc., of a Wind Turbine System (WTS) that has been established or will be installed, a tool is introduced by the presented software package. Besides the analysis option, the package also offers optimization algorithms that would be used for the layout design of types of Wind Turbine Systems which are called fixed-speed and variable-speed Wind Turbine Systems seperately by keeping in consideration the wind speed and geographic features of the regions. The graphical user interface, which is the one of important features of C# program were used and called Analysis & Design Optimization Package (A&DOP).
{"title":"Developing a package for analysis and design optimization of wind turbine systems","authors":"U. Eminoglu, Ozan Karahan","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00614","url":null,"abstract":"The installation of wind turbines and consequently the use of wind energy is increasing day by day, since the rapid development in semiconductor technology has led to more advance in the wind turbine technologies. On the other hand, it is well known that a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application provides great advantages to the user such as; the use of programming language and data input for systems without coding, getting the results with the help of symbols, icons and other visual graphics. Accordingly, in this paper, to determine the amount of energy production, cost of energy and etc., of a Wind Turbine System (WTS) that has been established or will be installed, a tool is introduced by the presented software package. Besides the analysis option, the package also offers optimization algorithms that would be used for the layout design of types of Wind Turbine Systems which are called fixed-speed and variable-speed Wind Turbine Systems seperately by keeping in consideration the wind speed and geographic features of the regions. The graphical user interface, which is the one of important features of C# program were used and called Analysis & Design Optimization Package (A&DOP).","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73601768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-23DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00660
Turker Turkoglu, I. Ay
The boriding process is a thermochemical surface treatment which can be applied to many iron and non-ferrous materials and improves the properties of the material such as hardness, wear resistance. In the present study, the layer thickness values of the boronized AISI 430 material were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology. Mathematical model was constructed using parameters such as temperature and time and the results were analyzed comparatively. As a result of the analysis, the optimum layer thickness value for AISI 430 material was obtained as 39.0183 µm for 1000 ºC and 5.9h and it was determined that the boriding temperature and time are effective on the boride layer formation process of AISI 430 material. Finally, the Response Surface Methodology and Face Centered Central Composite Design have been effectively applied to the boriding process.
{"title":"Analysis of boride layer thickness of borided AISI 430 by response surface methodology","authors":"Turker Turkoglu, I. Ay","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00660","url":null,"abstract":"The boriding process is a thermochemical surface treatment which can be applied to many iron and non-ferrous materials and improves the properties of the material such as hardness, wear resistance. In the present study, the layer thickness values of the boronized AISI 430 material were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology. Mathematical model was constructed using parameters such as temperature and time and the results were analyzed comparatively. As a result of the analysis, the optimum layer thickness value for AISI 430 material was obtained as 39.0183 µm for 1000 ºC and 5.9h and it was determined that the boriding temperature and time are effective on the boride layer formation process of AISI 430 material. Finally, the Response Surface Methodology and Face Centered Central Composite Design have been effectively applied to the boriding process.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82293486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-23DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00711
E. Karakaş, Hakan Özpalamutçu
In light of the imprecise and fuzzy nature of real production environments, the order acceptance and scheduling (OAS) problem is associated with fuzzy processing times, fuzzy sequence dependent set up time and fuzzy due dates. In this study, a genetic algorithm (GA) which uses fuzzy ranking methods is proposed to solve the fuzzy OAS problem. The proposed algorithm is illustrated and analyzed using examples with different order sizes. As illustrative numerical examples, fuzzy OAS problems with 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 100 orders are considered. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, the developed GA has great importance to obtain a solution even for big scale fuzzy OAS problem. Also, the proposed GA can be utilized easily by all practitioners via the developed user interface.
{"title":"A genetic algorithm for fuzzy order acceptance and scheduling problem","authors":"E. Karakaş, Hakan Özpalamutçu","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00711","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the imprecise and fuzzy nature of real production environments, the order acceptance and scheduling (OAS) problem is associated with fuzzy processing times, fuzzy sequence dependent set up time and fuzzy due dates. In this study, a genetic algorithm (GA) which uses fuzzy ranking methods is proposed to solve the fuzzy OAS problem. The proposed algorithm is illustrated and analyzed using examples with different order sizes. As illustrative numerical examples, fuzzy OAS problems with 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 100 orders are considered. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, the developed GA has great importance to obtain a solution even for big scale fuzzy OAS problem. Also, the proposed GA can be utilized easily by all practitioners via the developed user interface.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87641384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-15DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00657
T. Akman Yıldız
The aim of this paper is to investigate some optimal control strategies for a generalized tuberculosis model consisting of four compartments. We construct the model with the use of Caputo time fractional derivative. Contribution of distancing control, latent case finding control, case holding control and their combinations are discussed and the optimality system is obtained based on the Hamiltonian principle. Additionally, the non-negativity and boundedness of the solution are shown. We present some illustrative examples to determine the most effective strategy to minimize the number of infected people and maximize the number of susceptible individuals. Moreover, we discuss the contribution of the Caputo derivative and the order of the fractional derivative to efficiency of the control strategies.
{"title":"A comparison of some control strategies for a non-integer order tuberculosis model","authors":"T. Akman Yıldız","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00657","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to investigate some optimal control strategies for a generalized tuberculosis model consisting of four compartments. We construct the model with the use of Caputo time fractional derivative. Contribution of distancing control, latent case finding control, case holding control and their combinations are discussed and the optimality system is obtained based on the Hamiltonian principle. Additionally, the non-negativity and boundedness of the solution are shown. We present some illustrative examples to determine the most effective strategy to minimize the number of infected people and maximize the number of susceptible individuals. Moreover, we discuss the contribution of the Caputo derivative and the order of the fractional derivative to efficiency of the control strategies.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81366185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-15DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00671
Nurullah Yilmaz, A. Sahiner
In this study, we deal with the nonlinear constrained global optimization problems. First, we introduce a new smooth exact penalty function for constrained optimization problems. We combine the exact penalty function with the auxiliary function in regard to constrained global optimization. We present a new auxiliary function approach and the adapted algorithm for solving non-linear inequality constrained global optimization problems. Finally, we illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm on some numerical examples.
{"title":"A new auxiliary function approach for inequality constrained global optimization problems","authors":"Nurullah Yilmaz, A. Sahiner","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00671","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we deal with the nonlinear constrained global optimization problems. First, we introduce a new smooth exact penalty function for constrained optimization problems. We combine the exact penalty function with the auxiliary function in regard to constrained global optimization. We present a new auxiliary function approach and the adapted algorithm for solving non-linear inequality constrained global optimization problems. Finally, we illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm on some numerical examples.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78802684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-09DOI: 10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00659
M. S. Ayas, Erdinç Şahi̇n
PID controller has still been widely-used in industrial control applications because of its advantages such as functionality, simplicity, applicability, and easy of use. To obtain desired system response in these industrial control applications, parameters of the PID controller should be well tuned by using conventional tuning methods such as Ziegler-Nichols, Cohen-Coon, and Astrom-Hagglund or by means of meta-heuristic optimization algorithms which consider a fitness function including various parameters such as overshoot, settling time, or steady-state error during the optimization process. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is often used to tune parameters of PID controller, and studies explaining the parameter tuning process of the PID controller are available in the literature. In this study, effects of PSO algorithm parameters, i.e. inertia weight, acceleration factors, and population size, on parameter tuning process of a PID controller for a second-order process plus delay-time (SOPDT) model are analyzed. To demonstrate these effects, control of a SOPDT model is performed by the tuned controller and system response, transient response characteristics, steady-state error, and error-based performance metrics obtained from system response are provided.
{"title":"Parameter effect analysis of particle swarm optimization algorithm in PID controller design","authors":"M. S. Ayas, Erdinç Şahi̇n","doi":"10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11121/IJOCTA.01.2019.00659","url":null,"abstract":"PID controller has still been widely-used in industrial control applications because of its advantages such as functionality, simplicity, applicability, and easy of use. To obtain desired system response in these industrial control applications, parameters of the PID controller should be well tuned by using conventional tuning methods such as Ziegler-Nichols, Cohen-Coon, and Astrom-Hagglund or by means of meta-heuristic optimization algorithms which consider a fitness function including various parameters such as overshoot, settling time, or steady-state error during the optimization process. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is often used to tune parameters of PID controller, and studies explaining the parameter tuning process of the PID controller are available in the literature. In this study, effects of PSO algorithm parameters, i.e. inertia weight, acceleration factors, and population size, on parameter tuning process of a PID controller for a second-order process plus delay-time (SOPDT) model are analyzed. To demonstrate these effects, control of a SOPDT model is performed by the tuned controller and system response, transient response characteristics, steady-state error, and error-based performance metrics obtained from system response are provided.","PeriodicalId":37369,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74612782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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