Petr Žákovský, Miroslav Dejmal, Jan Hruboš, Oldřich Schejbal, Jakub Šimík, Michal Zezula
This study focuses on the discovery of iron components of a wheellock pistol found to the south of Hradec nad Moravicí on the route of a former historical road that linked Opava with Moravia. The find consists of an octagonalsection barrel with a lead projectile and a lock plate with an almost complete lock mechanism. The keys to dating the find and determining its provenance are not only the shape of the barrel, but primarily the design of the wheellock mechanism and the shapes of several of its components. Based on the shape of the dog, the manner in which the lock plate was fixed into the wooden body of the pistol, and particularly the existence of an internal dog leaf spring, the pistol can with a high degree of probability be identified as a product of one of the gunsmiths’ workshops in the German towns of Braunschweig or Goslar during the 1570s or 1580s. The find from Hradec nad Moravicí adds to the group of archaeological discoveries of European and North American firearms with wheellock mechanisms, and the study provides a selective overview of this group.
这项研究的重点是在hradac nad (Moravicí)南部发现的一把轮锁手枪的铁组件，该手枪位于连接奥帕瓦和摩拉维亚的一条历史道路上。该发现包括一个带有铅弹的八角形截面枪管和一个带有几乎完整锁定机构的锁板。确定这一发现的年代和确定其来源的关键不仅是枪管的形状，而且主要是轮锁机构的设计和它的几个部件的形状。根据狗的形状，锁板固定在手枪木身上的方式，特别是内部狗叶弹簧的存在，这把手枪可以有很高的概率被识别为1570年代或1580年代德国布伦瑞克或戈斯拉镇的一个枪匠作坊的产品。hradac nad Moravicí的发现增加了欧洲和北美带有轮锁装置的火器的考古发现，这项研究提供了对这一群体的选择性概述。
{"title":"Pistole z Hradce nad Moravicí (okr. Opava) v kontextu nálezů ručních palných zbraní\u0000z průběhu 16. až 1. poloviny 17. století","authors":"Petr Žákovský, Miroslav Dejmal, Jan Hruboš, Oldřich Schejbal, Jakub Šimík, Michal Zezula","doi":"10.47382/pv0632-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0632-03","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the discovery of iron components of a wheellock pistol found to the south of Hradec nad Moravicí on the route of a former historical road that linked Opava with Moravia. The find consists of an octagonalsection barrel with a lead projectile and a lock plate with an almost complete lock mechanism. The keys to dating the find and determining its provenance are not only the shape of the barrel, but primarily the design of the wheellock mechanism and the shapes of several of its components. Based on the shape of the dog, the manner in which the lock plate was fixed into the wooden body of the pistol, and particularly the existence of an internal dog leaf spring, the pistol can with a high degree of probability be identified as a product of one of the gunsmiths’ workshops in the German towns of Braunschweig or Goslar during the 1570s or 1580s. The find from Hradec nad Moravicí adds to the group of archaeological discoveries of European and North American firearms with wheellock mechanisms, and the study provides a selective overview of this group.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2018, during a rescue archaeological excavation taking place in one of the gardens of Staré Město near Uherské Hradiště, 23 early medieval graves containing skeletal remains of 26 individuals were detected. The site is situated on the northern border of the well-known Great Moravian burial ground ‘Na Valách’. In a large number of the newly excavated graves, greater or lesser deviations from the usual funeral rite were recorded. While the established burial rite in Great Moravian society means the deceased lies on their back in the supine position with extended extremities and head towards the west, here we found skeletons in very different orientations, lying in a prone or crouched position, or, at least, with unusual positions of their upper or lower limbs. Additionally, some of the graves contained incomplete or no skeletons. There is also one double burial and a triple burial, and several graves in superpositions. In nine graves, objects of material culture were found, the most important of them come from the rider’s grave 20/2018. The presented study aims to interpret the burial contexts using the bioarchaeological approach, which is, however, affected by the quality of the preserved finds, especially skeletal remains.
{"title":"Zvláštní raně středověké hroby objevené ve Starém Městě – „Na Valách“ a problém jejich interpretace","authors":"Martina Fojtová, L. Galuška","doi":"10.47382/pv0632-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0632-02","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, during a rescue archaeological excavation taking place in one of the gardens of Staré Město near Uherské Hradiště, 23 early medieval graves containing skeletal remains of 26 individuals were detected. The site is situated on the northern border of the well-known Great Moravian burial ground ‘Na Valách’. In a large number of the newly excavated graves, greater or lesser deviations from the usual funeral rite were recorded. While the established burial rite in Great Moravian society means the deceased lies on their back in the supine position with extended extremities and head towards the west, here we found skeletons in very different orientations, lying in a prone or crouched position, or, at least, with unusual positions of their upper or lower limbs. Additionally, some of the graves contained incomplete or no skeletons. There is also one double burial and a triple burial, and several graves in superpositions. In nine graves, objects of material culture were found, the most important of them come from the rider’s grave 20/2018. The presented study aims to interpret the burial contexts using the bioarchaeological approach, which is, however, affected by the quality of the preserved finds, especially skeletal remains.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48473518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study focuses on ceramic production from Žďár nad Sázavou – Staré město, an agglomeration that formed in the third quarter of 13th century and was abandoned after the founding of the ‘new’ town in the early 14th century. The large pottery collection is well dated and captures changes in pottery production during the medieval transformation, tightly connected with the colonisation of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. The pottery assemblage from the 2004 excavation season was processed in this study. Material from the pottery kiln discovered in 2006 and found during the review of the research documentation was supplemented afterwards. The main part of study evaluates ceramic production technology, which was rapidly changing during this period. Pottery fragments were divided into ceramic classes according to the properties of the ceramic mass and firing. The descriptive system of technological marks is a part of the study, but it could be used for other medieval pottery collections. Detailed attention was paid to pottery-forming technique marks: coiling, wheel forming and wheel throwing. The analysis of pottery technology is based on the chaîne opératoire of medieval ceramic production. The macroscopic analysis of pottery-making technology is connected with the conclusions of natural science analyses. Their aim was to validate and specify the macroscopic description of ceramic classes and also detailed information about pottery provenance and technology. The analysis of the pottery provides information for the future productiondistribution model of pottery production in the area.
这项研究的重点是Žďár nad Sázavou - star munisto的陶瓷生产，这是一个形成于13世纪第三季度的集聚区，在14世纪初“新”城镇建立后被遗弃。大量的陶器收藏年代久远，记录了中世纪转型期间陶器生产的变化，与波西米亚-摩拉维亚高地的殖民化密切相关。本研究对2004年发掘季节的陶器组合进行了处理。在2006年发现的陶窑材料和在审查研究文件时发现的材料后来得到了补充。研究的主要部分是对这一时期迅速发展的陶瓷生产技术进行评价。根据陶瓷质量和烧成的性质，将陶瓷碎片分为陶瓷类。技术标记的描述系统是研究的一部分，但它可以用于其他中世纪陶器收藏。详细介绍了制陶工艺标志:卷制、轮形和轮抛。对制陶工艺的分析是基于中古陶瓷生产的cha ne opacimatoire。制陶工艺的宏观分析与自然科学分析的结论相联系。他们的目的是验证和明确陶瓷类别的宏观描述，以及有关陶瓷来源和技术的详细信息。对这些陶器的分析为该地区未来的陶器生产分布模式提供了信息。
{"title":"Analysis of pottery from Žďár nad Sázavou – taré město with a focus on the technology\u0000of the assemblage","authors":"Kateřina Těsnohlídková","doi":"10.47382/pv0632-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0632-01","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on ceramic production from Žďár nad Sázavou – Staré město, an agglomeration that formed in the third quarter of 13th century and was abandoned after the founding of the ‘new’ town in the early 14th century. The large pottery collection is well dated and captures changes in pottery production during the medieval transformation, tightly connected with the colonisation of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. The pottery assemblage from the 2004 excavation season was processed in this study. Material from the pottery kiln discovered in 2006 and found during the review of the research documentation was supplemented afterwards. \u0000The main part of study evaluates ceramic production technology, which was rapidly changing during this period. Pottery fragments were divided into ceramic classes according to the properties of the ceramic mass and firing. The descriptive system of technological marks is a part of the study, but it could be used for other medieval pottery collections. Detailed attention was paid to pottery-forming technique marks: coiling, wheel forming and wheel throwing. The analysis of pottery technology is based on the chaîne opératoire of medieval ceramic production. The macroscopic analysis of pottery-making technology is connected with the conclusions of natural science analyses. Their aim was to validate and specify the macroscopic description of ceramic classes and also detailed information about pottery provenance and technology. The analysis of the pottery provides information for the future productiondistribution model of pottery production in the area.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48776577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaroslav Bartík, P. Škrdla, Rudolf Procházka, Matěj Kmošek, Klára Augustinová, Petr Žákovský
The temporary lowering of the water level in Dalešice Reservoir for maintenance in the autumn of 2021 created an opportunity to conduct an archaeological investigation of the Kramolín hillfort – a site permanently flooded since the 1970s. A small group of archaeologists reached the shore of Kramolín island by boat and performed the survey with metal detectors and GPS hand held devices. This survey produced a large collection of lithic artefacts, pottery sherds, and isolated metal artefacts from different prehistoric periods (including the Neolithic, Eneolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman period and Early Middle Ages), which had already been identified during previous excavations. However, although the site was illegally surveyed with metal detectors earlier, several important artefacts were still found. In addition, the current state of the overlying sediment and its erosion was documented. The survey showed that the site is not yet exhausted and repeated survey in the case of the lowered water level can again provide more important information about this site.
{"title":"Kramolín hillfort revisited. Archaeological potential of a site flooded for 45 years","authors":"Jaroslav Bartík, P. Škrdla, Rudolf Procházka, Matěj Kmošek, Klára Augustinová, Petr Žákovský","doi":"10.47382/pv0631-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0631-04","url":null,"abstract":"The temporary lowering of the water level in Dalešice Reservoir for maintenance in the autumn of 2021 created an opportunity to conduct an archaeological investigation of the Kramolín hillfort – a site permanently flooded since the 1970s. A small group of archaeologists reached the shore of Kramolín island by boat and performed the survey with metal detectors and GPS hand held devices. This survey produced a large collection of lithic artefacts, pottery sherds, and isolated metal artefacts from different prehistoric periods (including the Neolithic, Eneolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman period and\u0000Early Middle Ages), which had already been identified during previous excavations. However, although the site was illegally surveyed with metal detectors earlier, several important artefacts were still found. In addition, the current state of the overlying sediment and its erosion was documented. The survey showed that the site is not yet exhausted and repeated survey in the case of the lowered water level can again provide more important information about this site.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Nejman, P. Škrdla, D. Wright, Jaroslav Bartík, A. Přichystal
Archaeological evidence shows that Paleolithic hunters occasionally used the difficult-to-access Pod Hradem Cave for short-term visits. The small collection of artefacts spanning a c. 15,000-year period were made from a range of different raw materials collected from known sources in the surrounding regions up to 120 km away. In this paper, we interpret the sum of the archaeological evidence associated with artefacts from Pod Hradem Cave against an updated chronology, and report a previously unpublished stone artefact. Combined, this information suggests variable cave use throughout the site history. During the Early-Upper Paleolithic this likely involved visits by small, mobile bands using Pod Hradem Cave as a short stop over while passing through the Pustý Žleb valley.
{"title":"A 15,000-year history of Early Upper Paleolithic hunters moving through the Pustý Žleb valley – Artefacts and chronology of Pod Hradem Cave, Moravian Karst, Czech Republic","authors":"L. Nejman, P. Škrdla, D. Wright, Jaroslav Bartík, A. Přichystal","doi":"10.47382/pv0631-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0631-03","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological evidence shows that Paleolithic hunters occasionally used the difficult-to-access Pod Hradem Cave for short-term visits. The small collection of artefacts spanning a c. 15,000-year period were made from a range of different raw materials collected from known sources in the surrounding regions up to 120 km away. In this paper, we interpret the sum of the archaeological evidence associated with artefacts from Pod Hradem Cave against an updated chronology, and report a previously unpublished stone artefact. Combined, this information suggests variable cave use throughout the site history. During the Early-Upper Paleolithic this likely involved visits by small, mobile bands using Pod Hradem Cave as a short stop over while passing through the Pustý Žleb valley.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zdena Nerudová, L. Sedláčková, Petr Neruda, Martina Roblíčková, Nela Doláková, Aleš Plichta, Ondrej Bobula
As a result of the rescue excavation at 11 Vídeňská Street in 2021, we can specify the extension of a previously excavated area in the cadastral territory of Štýřice. A small collection of chipped stone industry and animal bones was unearthed. The form of these finds, their stratigraphic position, and a radiocarbon date retrieved from one of the animal bones enable us to connect this location with a previously excavated Epigravettian settlement, located just tens of metres to the west from the newly excavated site. The composition of the chipped stone industry (predominance of burins) together with the burin blows indicates the possibility of a short-term site for processing hunted fauna.
{"title":"Příspěvek k osídlení oblasti Brno-Štýřice. Záchranný výzkum na ulici Vídeňská 11","authors":"Zdena Nerudová, L. Sedláčková, Petr Neruda, Martina Roblíčková, Nela Doláková, Aleš Plichta, Ondrej Bobula","doi":"10.47382/pv0631-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0631-01","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the rescue excavation at 11 Vídeňská Street in 2021, we can specify the extension of a previously excavated area in the cadastral territory of Štýřice. A small collection of chipped stone industry and animal bones was unearthed. The form of these finds, their stratigraphic position, and a radiocarbon date retrieved from one of the animal bones enable us to connect this location with a previously excavated Epigravettian settlement, located just tens of metres to the west from the newly excavated site. The composition of the chipped stone industry (predominance of burins) together with the burin blows indicates the possibility of a short-term site for processing hunted fauna.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47383293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presented article examines the early medieval settlement in Brno-Medlánky. The archaeological finds were evaluated to obtain settlement spatial development and to reveal the practical, social and natural dimension of the settlement after the synthesis of the evidence. The relevance of the site in relation to early medieval Brno was also considered. The large quantity of ceramics, which was essential for this research, was processed using the database of J. Macháček. This enabled me to date the settlement between the 6th/7th to the 9th/10th century and, based on quantification, to characterise the morphological and technological features of the complex. The archaeological material was also compared with the material from other similar sites. The results of this analysis were acquired from data in the graphs, figures and quantification tables. The other findings were processed using descriptive models. Scientific analyses have proven the presence of blacksmithing and iron metallurgy at the site. Agricultural activities and processing of leather and textile were also documented at the site. The typical cumulative structure was evaluated within the framework of spatial analyses, together with the form and spatial development of the settlement. Moreover, the article deals with the complete skeletons of two dogs and one horse, and the human skeleton found in a storage pit. The complete animal skeletons were probably deposited for hygienic reasons; the human skeleton possibly proves an execution.
{"title":"Včasnostredoveké sídlisko v Brne-Medlánkach","authors":"Jakub Benech","doi":"10.47382/pv0622-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0622-04","url":null,"abstract":"The presented article examines the early medieval settlement in Brno-Medlánky. The archaeological finds were evaluated to obtain settlement spatial development and to reveal the practical, social and natural dimension of the settlement after the synthesis of the evidence. The relevance of the site in relation to early medieval Brno was also considered. The large quantity of ceramics, which was essential for this research, was processed using the database of J. Macháček. This enabled me to date the settlement between the 6th/7th to the 9th/10th century and, based on quantification, to characterise the morphological and technological features of the complex. The archaeological material was also compared with the material from other similar sites.\u0000The results of this analysis were acquired from data in the graphs, figures and\u0000quantification tables. The other findings were processed using descriptive models. Scientific analyses have proven the presence of blacksmithing and iron metallurgy at the site. Agricultural activities and processing of leather and textile were also documented at the site. The typical cumulative structure was evaluated within the framework of spatial analyses, together with the form and spatial development of the settlement. Moreover, the article deals with the complete skeletons of two dogs and one horse, and the human skeleton found in a storage pit. The complete animal skeletons were probably deposited for hygienic reasons; the human skeleton possibly proves an execution.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49564318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Between 1997 and 2017, an extensive collection of approximately 3,500 leather fragments from the second half of the 13th to the 15th century was obtained from archaeological rescue excavations carried out in the historic core of Litovel. Most of the finds come from public areas of the town. Only a few dozen artefacts have been determined in terms of their original function. All the remaining finds can be classified as primary to secondary waste, among which manufacturing waste was often present, indicating the nearby presence of a craft workshop. In the case of Litovel, this has been demonstrated at two sites, and hypothetically at three others. These are specifically shoemaker or cobbler workshops. The leather artefact assemblage from Litovel contains typical representatives of material culture from the High and Late Middle Ages, most often in the form of shoes (high and low cuts, children’s sizes), clothing accessories (belts), equipment (scabbards) and items rarely found elsewhere including unique objects such as a case for wax writing tablets and a face mask.
{"title":"Středověká kožedělná produkce z Litovle","authors":"Aleš Hoch, Pavel Šlézar","doi":"10.47382/pv0622-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0622-05","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1997 and 2017, an extensive collection of approximately 3,500 leather fragments from the second half of the 13th to the 15th century was obtained from archaeological rescue excavations carried out in the historic core of Litovel. Most of the finds come from public areas of the town. Only a few dozen artefacts have been determined in terms of their original function. All the remaining finds can be classified as primary to secondary waste, among which manufacturing waste was often present, indicating the nearby presence of a craft workshop. In the case of Litovel, this has been demonstrated at two sites, and hypothetically at three others. These are specifically shoemaker or cobbler workshops. The leather artefact assemblage from Litovel contains typical representatives of material culture from the High and Late Middle Ages, most often in the form of shoes (high and low cuts, children’s sizes), clothing accessories (belts), equipment (scabbards) and items rarely found elsewhere including unique objects such as a case for wax writing tablets and a face mask.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study evaluates the medieval component of a rescue excavation carried out in the outer bailey of Tepenec Castle in 1971–1975. The castle, built during the 1330s–40s, ceased to exist due to war events in the early 15th century. A trench intersected the whole area of the fortified complex transversely from the northwest to the southeast (855 sqm). Two remnants of buildings dated to the High Middle Ages were partially examined. An assemblage of pottery and metal finds makes it possible to date both structures – mainly to the second half of the 14th and the early 15th centuries. The built-up area of the outer bailey cannot be considered a lower castle town but rather the so-called “latrán”.
{"title":"Výsledky záchranného archeologického výzkumu na předhradí hradu Tepence v letech 1971–1975","authors":"Lukáš Hlubek","doi":"10.47382/pv0622-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0622-03","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluates the medieval component of a rescue excavation carried out in the outer bailey of Tepenec Castle in 1971–1975. The castle, built during the 1330s–40s, ceased to exist due to war events in the early 15th century. A trench intersected the whole area of the fortified complex transversely from the northwest to the southeast (855 sqm). Two remnants of buildings dated to the High Middle Ages were partially examined. An assemblage of pottery and metal finds makes it possible to date both structures – mainly to the second half of the 14th and the early 15th centuries. The built-up area of the outer bailey cannot be considered a lower castle town but rather the so-called “latrán”.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study summarises the basic findings regarding non-masonry buildings in medieval Brno and the prospects for further knowledge. A modern methodological approach in the form of micromorphology in an archaeological context, particularly regarding the interiors of these buildings, was used to add more information. From more than 200 micromorphological samples taken in Brno since 2008, a total of 16 from five sites in the historical centre of the city were selected for this partial study. Temporally, this concerns the period between the early 13th and the mid-14th centuries. The basic outcome of the study is the analysis, interpretation and division of the samples into typological groups. Based on typical features, sunken parts of the structures used for a relatively long time could be divided from the above-ground structures even though in some cases the “floor sandwich” had been partly removed due to ongoing maintenance. Finally, the results were confronted with a macroscopic observation by an archaeologist and with ethnographic knowledge. It was possible to identify the more detailed microstratigraphy of the floor sandwiches than by macroscopic observations in most cases and therefore specify the interpretation of the origin of the floor sandwich.
{"title":"Poznámky k problematice interiéru nezděných staveb středověkého Brna (konfrontace archeologických poznatků a mikromorfologické analýzy podlahových úrovní vybraných staveb)","authors":"L. Lisá, Petr Holub, Marek Peška, Antonín Zůbek","doi":"10.47382/pv0622-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47382/pv0622-06","url":null,"abstract":"The study summarises the basic findings regarding non-masonry buildings in medieval Brno and the prospects for further knowledge. A modern methodological approach in the form of micromorphology in an archaeological context, particularly regarding the interiors of these buildings, was used to add more information. From more than 200 micromorphological samples taken in Brno since 2008, a total of 16 from five sites in the historical centre of the city were selected for this partial study. Temporally, this concerns the period between the early 13th and the mid-14th centuries. The basic outcome of the study is the analysis, interpretation and division of the samples into typological groups. Based on typical features, sunken parts of the structures used for a relatively long time could be divided from the above-ground structures even though in some cases the “floor sandwich” had been partly removed due to ongoing maintenance. Finally, the results were confronted with a macroscopic observation by an archaeologist and with ethnographic knowledge. It was possible to identify the more detailed microstratigraphy of the floor sandwiches than by macroscopic observations in most cases and therefore specify the interpretation of the origin of the floor sandwich.","PeriodicalId":37390,"journal":{"name":"Prehled Vyzkumu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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