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2019 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS)最新文献

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An Evaluation of the Proportional Fair Scheduler in a Physically Deployed LTE-A Network 物理部署LTE-A网络中比例公平调度的评估
Haijun Gao, Japjot Singh Bawa, R. Paranjape
The Proportional Fair (PF) scheduler has been extensively studied in wireless communications research. Most of the research done, however, focuses on theoretical or simplistic simulations. In this paper, both theory and practical measurements for a PF scheduler are studied. Two data collections are conducted to verify the performance of the scheduler in an actual LTE-A network (small cells) environment. Allocated Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) and throughput of each phone used in the data collection are estimated. Three different types of PF schedulers are implemented to predict user throughput. The results show that the scheduler maintains good fairness for both user throughputs and PRB allocation. Further it is shown that our results, derived from actual recorded data are different from those derived from simulation models presented in the literature [1] [2]. Similarly, the cell throughput and fairness values are dynamic and randomly distributed with the time in an actual LTE-A network in contrast to simulation models. From our study, we show that the generalize PF Scheduler performs more accurately to predict the user throughput values. It is concluded that this real-world LTE-A network study is more meaningful and valuable in enhancing the understanding of actual 4G and future 5G networks.
比例公平调度在无线通信研究中得到了广泛的研究。然而,大多数研究都集中在理论或简单的模拟上。本文研究了一种PF调度器的理论和实际测量方法。为了验证调度器在实际LTE-A网络(小蜂窝)环境中的性能,进行了两次数据收集。估计用于数据收集的每个电话的已分配物理资源块(PRBs)和吞吐量。实现了三种不同类型的PF调度器来预测用户吞吐量。结果表明,调度程序对用户吞吐量和PRB分配都保持了良好的公平性。此外,我们从实际记录数据得出的结果与文献[1][2]中模拟模型得出的结果不同。同样,与仿真模型相比,实际LTE-A网络中的小区吞吐量和公平性值是动态的,并且随时间随机分布。从我们的研究中,我们表明广义PF调度器在预测用户吞吐量值方面执行得更准确。由此得出结论,这一现实世界的LTE-A网络研究对于增强对实际4G和未来5G网络的理解更有意义和价值。
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引用次数: 1
A Novel Throughput Improvement Algorithm for High Density Wireless LAN 一种新的高密度无线局域网吞吐量改进算法
Rahul Bajpai, Naveen Gupta
The tremendous growth in high-end multimedia applications is increasing day by day. It leads to explore and discover the techniques which will improve the capacity and coverage area for a wireless local area network (WLAN). This paper proposes a novel throughput improvement algorithm evaluate-all-integer-partition (EAIP) for the modified version of distributed coordination function (DCF) which gives the significant performance gain over the existing re-evaluate optimal integer partition (ROIP) algorithm. Among $M$ available links between access points (APs) and end-users, EAIP selects the optimal links that can be shared in space or time to maximize the network throughput. The proposed EAIP algorithm facilitates the simultaneous packet transmission as compared to the standard DCF to increase the overall network throughput. However, the achievable rate for a single link decreases due to the increase in interference. The performance in terms of throughput of 802.11 WLAN has been evaluated and compared to the existing ROIP algorithm. Results show that the EAIP algorithm improves the throughput of the IEEE 802.11 WLAN by 40% as compared to the existing ROIP.
高端多媒体应用的迅猛发展日益迅猛。它导致探索和发现将提高无线局域网(WLAN)的容量和覆盖范围的技术。本文针对改进版的分布式协调函数(DCF),提出了一种新的吞吐量改进算法——评估全整数分割(EAIP),该算法比现有的重新评估最优整数分割(ROIP)算法有显著的性能提升。在接入点和终端用户之间的100万条可用链路中,EAIP选择在空间或时间上可以共享的最优链路,以实现网络吞吐量的最大化。与标准的DCF算法相比,本文提出的EAIP算法有利于数据包的同时传输,从而提高了整个网络的吞吐量。然而,由于干扰的增加,单个链路的可实现速率会降低。对802.11 WLAN在吞吐量方面的性能进行了评估,并与现有的ROIP算法进行了比较。结果表明,与现有的ROIP相比,EAIP算法将IEEE 802.11 WLAN的吞吐量提高了40%。
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引用次数: 1
Learning Based CoMP Clustering for URLLC in Millimeter wave 5G networks with Blockages 基于学习的CoMP聚类在具有阻塞的毫米波5G网络中的URLLC
Jihas Khan, L. Jacob
URLLC will be a use case of 5G which requires high reliability, low latency and high availability to be satisfied simultaneously. 5G will be using millimeter wave (mmw) communication which suffers from frequent and dynamic blockages impacting reliability. In addition to high SNR line-of-sight (LOS) links and low SNR non-line-of-sight (NLOS) links, complete outage (blockage) links are also anticipated. Link status will be changing dynamically between these three states. Coordinated multipoint joint transmission (CoMP-JT) is an ideal candidate to ensure high reliability, where a group of base stations (BSs) transmits the same data to a user equipment (UE). Due to highly dynamic blockages and backhaul constraints, BSs selected to be part of CoMP cluster based on the reference signal received power (RSRP) alone will be outdated by the time of data transmission. In this paper, a CoMP clustering scheme is proposed in which a neural network algorithm running in each BS learns the spatiotemporal pattern of blockages and predicts the BS-UE link status based on the clock time and location of UE. The BSs with predicted blockage shall be removed and LOS links shall be given higher priority over NLOS links during CoMP clustering, thereby increasing the reliability and availability. Analytical channel model is combined with stochastic geometry based model to characterize the real world spatio-temporal blockages. A modified control flow of events for CoMP-JT in URLLC is proposed to address the issue of backhaul constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed CoMP clustering scheme outperforms the RSRP based CoMP clustering in terms of BLER and SNR.
URLLC将是5G的一个用例,需要同时满足高可靠性、低延迟和高可用性。5G将使用毫米波(mmw)通信,这种通信会受到频繁和动态阻塞的影响。除了高信噪比视距(LOS)链路和低信噪比非视距(NLOS)链路外,预计还会出现完全中断(阻塞)链路。链路状态将在这三种状态之间动态变化。协调多点联合传输(CoMP-JT)是确保高可靠性的理想选择,其中一组基站(BSs)向用户设备(UE)传输相同的数据。由于高度动态阻塞和回程约束,仅根据参考信号接收功率(RSRP)选择作为CoMP集群一部分的BSs在数据传输时将过时。本文提出了一种CoMP聚类方案,该方案通过在每个终端上运行的神经网络算法学习阻塞的时空模式,并根据终端的时钟时间和位置预测终端链路状态。在CoMP聚类过程中,应移除预测阻塞的BSs,并赋予LOS链路比NLOS链路更高的优先级,从而提高可靠性和可用性。分析通道模型与基于随机几何的模型相结合来表征现实世界的时空阻塞。针对URLLC中CoMP-JT的回程约束问题,提出了一种改进的事件控制流。仿真结果表明,提出的CoMP聚类方案在BLER和信噪比方面都优于基于RSRP的CoMP聚类方案。
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引用次数: 8
Identifying Anomalous HTTP Traffic with Association Rule Mining 利用关联规则挖掘识别异常HTTP流量
Vinti Agarwal, N. Hubballi, Ambika Shrestha Chitrakar, K. Franke
Web applications are compromised by exploiting different vulnerabilities. The protection systems designed to detect such attacks, screen the HTTP requests to decide whether a particular request is benign or malicious. Generating effective screening rules governs the detection performance and false positive rate. In this paper, we propose to generate classification rules to identify malicious HTTP requests using co-occurrence between certain character combinations. Our idea is motivated by the fact that, a successful attack will have some combination of characters together. For e.g., in an SQL injection attack = sign may appear along with “'”. We propose to learn such character combinations using association rules with a set of carefully chosen feature (character) set. We experiment with a publicly available HTTP dataset and show that malicious HTTP requests can be identified with rules generated from such associations.
利用不同的漏洞会危及Web应用程序。用于检测此类攻击的保护系统会筛选HTTP请求,以确定特定请求是良性的还是恶意的。生成有效的筛选规则控制检测性能和假阳性率。在本文中,我们提出生成分类规则,利用某些字符组合之间的共现性来识别恶意HTTP请求。我们的想法是基于这样一个事实,即成功的攻击需要一些角色的组合。例如,在SQL注入攻击中,=符号可能与“'”一起出现。我们建议使用一组精心选择的特征(字符)集的关联规则来学习这样的字符组合。我们对一个公开可用的HTTP数据集进行了实验,并表明恶意HTTP请求可以通过从这种关联中生成的规则来识别。
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引用次数: 1
Incentive Based Relaying in D2D Social Networks 基于激励的D2D社交网络中继
J. R. Bhat, V. AnoopC., O. Alfandi
Co-operative data transmission between Device-to-Device (D2D) user terminals is a challenging task due to the selfish behavior of the D2D Users (DUs). Incentivizing the DUs can promote communication which in turn even reduce the transmission burden on the base station (eNB). In this work, we consider a scenario, in which eNB pays incentive to DUs to relay the data among its best neighbors; while the communication is regulated by wireless channel, and social influence factors. In case, DUs refrain from relaying, the eNB ought to transmit directly which increase the cost of the eNB several folds. We model this problem as a Stackelberg game, in which eNB plays the role of a leader to minimize its cost and DUs will be the followers who aim at maximizing their utility. We propose an iterative algorithm to establish the existence of equilibrium. We also prove the equilibrium of DUs subgame for a special case by relating it to a 0/1 knapsack problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a better performance in terms of Utility and total base station cost than the conventional schemes.
由于D2D用户(Device-to-Device)的自私行为,D2D用户终端之间的数据协同传输是一项具有挑战性的任务。激励DUs可以促进通信,从而甚至减少基站(eNB)的传输负担。在这项工作中,我们考虑了一种场景,在这种场景中,eNB向DUs支付激励,以在其最佳邻居之间中继数据;而通信受无线信道和社会影响因素的制约。如果DUs不进行中继,则环境保护局应直接进行传输,这将使环境保护局的成本增加数倍。我们将这个问题建模为Stackelberg博弈,其中eNB扮演领导者的角色,以最小化其成本,而DUs将是以最大化其效用为目标的追随者。我们提出了一种迭代算法来证明平衡的存在性。通过与0/1背包问题的联系,证明了一种特殊情况下的DUs子对策的均衡性。仿真结果表明,该算法在效用和基站总成本方面均优于传统方案。
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引用次数: 1
Minimum delay scheduling under average power constraint for 802.11ax uplink 802.11ax上行链路平均功率约束下的最小时延调度
B. Binoy, B. S. Vineeth
The 802.11ax WLAN standard promises four times higher throughput compared with the previous standards. In the uplink, the standard includes OFDMA based scheduled access in which the associated stations can be scheduled by an 802.11ax access point (AP). The quality of service for the associated stations can therefore be enhanced by intelligent scheduling of the stations on the OFDMA uplink. The AP is responsible for partitioning the available spectrum to resource units, allocating the resource units to the stations, and transmit power control at the station. In this paper, we consider the design of joint policies for resource unit allocation and power control for the 802.11ax uplink with the objective of minimizing the average latency (or average queue length) of packets queued at the station destined for the AP, while the average transmit power is constrained. Using the drift plus penalty approach we propose two heuristic scheduling policies for the above problem. The achievable average queue lengths and average powers for these scheduling policies are obtained using simulations.
802.11ax无线局域网标准承诺比以前的标准高4倍的吞吐量。在上行链路中,该标准包括基于OFDMA的预定访问,其中相关站点可以通过802.11ax接入点(AP)进行预定。因此,通过对OFDMA上行链路上的站点进行智能调度,可以提高相关站点的服务质量。AP负责将可用频谱划分为资源单元,将资源单元分配给站点,并在站点发送功率控制。在本文中,我们考虑了802.11ax上行链路的资源单元分配和功率控制联合策略的设计,其目标是在限制平均发射功率的情况下,使到达AP的站点上排队的数据包的平均延迟(或平均队列长度)最小。针对上述问题,我们采用漂移加惩罚方法提出了两种启发式调度策略。通过仿真得到了这些调度策略可实现的平均队列长度和平均功率。
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引用次数: 0
Downlink Coverage Analysis of 3-D Ultra Dense Networks with Realistic Propagation Conditions 现实传播条件下三维超密集网络下行覆盖分析
Aritra Chatterjee, Suvra Shekhar Das
In this work, the analytical performance evaluation of 3-dimensional dense small cell wireless network is presented using spatial Poisson point processes. As against existing literature which considers simplified channel models without differentiating in LOS/NLOS conditions, this work captures the holistic effect of the realistic propagation (in terms of both path loss and small scale fading) as reported in existing standards. For such practical system model, a numerically simple upper bound of downlink coverage probability has been derived as a function of AP and UE densities which is found to be tight in nature for the whole range of system parameters and thus can be used as a close approximation of the same.
本文利用空间泊松点过程对三维密集小蜂窝无线网络的性能进行了分析评价。与现有文献考虑简化的信道模型而不区分LOS/NLOS条件不同,这项工作捕捉了现有标准中报告的现实传播的整体效果(在路径损耗和小规模衰落方面)。对于这种实际的系统模型,推导了一个简单的下行链路覆盖概率上界作为AP和UE密度的函数,该上界在整个系统参数范围内本质上是紧密的,因此可以用作相同的近似值。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Modulation Scheme and Modified Energy Detector for Molecular Communications 分子通信中的混合调制方案和改进型能量检测器
S. Sharma, K. Deka, V. Bhatia
To increase the data throughout in molecular communications (MC), recently higher order modulation schemes (HOMS) are introduced with increased system complexity. In this paper, we propose a hybrid modulation scheme by encoding information into the time and types of molecules, and it is referred to as position molecule shift keying (PMSK). The PMSK uses minimum types of molecules for information encoding, which results in reduced system complexity as compared to the conventional HOMS. Further, to optimize the energy detector (ED) performance, we propose a $ptext{th}$ power ED and call it modified ED (MED). Numerical results show that, the proposed PMSK and MED can yield higher data throughput and improved symbol error rate performance, respectively, in the presence of both counting and residual noises.
为了提高分子通信(MC)的数据吞吐量,近年来引入了高阶调制方案(HOMS),增加了系统的复杂性。在本文中,我们提出了一种混合调制方案,将信息编码到分子的时间和类型中,并将其称为位置分子移位键控(PMSK)。PMSK使用最小类型的分子进行信息编码,与传统的HOMS相比,这降低了系统的复杂性。此外,为了优化能量检测器(ED)的性能,我们提出了一个$ptext{th}$功率ED,并将其称为改进ED (MED)。数值结果表明,在存在计数噪声和残差噪声的情况下,PMSK和MED分别具有更高的数据吞吐量和更好的符号误码率性能。
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引用次数: 2
Design and implementation of a long-range low-power wake-up radio and customized DC-MAC protocol for LoRaWAN LoRaWAN远程低功耗唤醒无线电和定制DC-MAC协议的设计与实现
Anders Frøytlog, Magne Arild Haglund, Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi, B. Beferull-Lozano
In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a long-rage wake-up radio (WuR) and customized duty cycled (DC) MAC protocol for wireless IoT devices. The WuRx achieves a sensivity of −70 dBm by consuming just 0.032 mA, thereby optimizing the energy consumption of battery powered long-range wireless IoT devices. Reducing the power consumption of these devices minimizes the overall costs when deployed in large scale.
在本文中,我们提出了用于无线物联网设备的远程唤醒无线电(WuR)和定制占空比(DC) MAC协议的设计和实现。WuRx实现了−70 dBm的灵敏度,仅消耗0.032 mA,从而优化了电池供电的远程无线物联网设备的能耗。在大规模部署时,降低这些设备的功耗可以最大限度地降低总成本。
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引用次数: 1
Weighted Higher Order Detector for Diffusion based Molecular Communications 基于扩散的分子通信加权高阶检测器
M. S. Thakur, S. Sharma, V. Bhatia
In diffusion-based molecular communication (MC), some of the message molecules may not reach the receiver in their expected time slot due to the diffusion process. These straying molecules from previous time slots interfere with the message molecules of the current time slot which leads to inter-symbol-interference (ISI) in MC. In this paper, we propose and analyze the weighted higher order detector for MC systems to mitigate/reduce the ISI and noise. The proposed weighted higher order sum of molecules concentration enhances the signal-to-noise ratio due to the reduced channel tail and noise effect in a frame. Further, the proposed detector does not estimate instantaneous channel impulse response at the receiver, hence, is simple and has low complexity. Numerical results show that the proposed detector performs better than the conventional direct sum detection method. The impact of diffusion coefficient, number of molecules and noise distribution on the proposed detector is also analyzed.
在基于扩散的分子通信(MC)中,由于扩散过程,一些消息分子可能无法在预期的时隙内到达接收者。这些先前时隙的偏离分子会干扰当前时隙的消息分子,从而导致MC系统中的符号间干扰(ISI)。在本文中,我们提出并分析了用于MC系统的加权高阶检测器,以减轻/降低ISI和噪声。所提出的加权高阶分子浓度和由于减少了通道尾和帧内的噪声效应而提高了信噪比。此外,所提出的检测器不估计接收器的瞬时信道脉冲响应,因此,简单且具有低复杂度。数值结果表明,该检测器的检测性能优于传统的直接和检测方法。分析了扩散系数、分子数和噪声分布对探测器性能的影响。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS)
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