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Rotation invariant patterns for a nonlinear Laplace-Beltrami equation: A Taylor-Chebyshev series approach 非线性Laplace-Beltrami方程的旋转不变模式:泰勒-切比雪夫级数方法
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2022005
J. B. Berg, Gabriel William Duchesne, J. Lessard

In this paper, we introduce a rigorous computational approach to prove existence of rotation invariant patterns for a nonlinear Laplace-Beltrami equation posed on the 2-sphere. After changing to spherical coordinates, the problem becomes a singular second order boundary value problem (BVP) on the interval begin{document}$ (0,frac{pi}{2}] $end{document} with a removable singularity at zero. The singularity is removed by solving the equation with Taylor series on begin{document}$ (0,delta] $end{document} (with begin{document}$ delta $end{document} small) while a Chebyshev series expansion is used to solve the problem on begin{document}$ [delta,frac{pi}{2}] $end{document}. The two setups are incorporated in a larger zero-finding problem of the form begin{document}$ F(a) = 0 $end{document} with begin{document}$ a $end{document} containing the coefficients of the Taylor and Chebyshev series. The problem begin{document}$ F = 0 $end{document} is solved rigorously using a Newton-Kantorovich argument.

In this paper, we introduce a rigorous computational approach to prove existence of rotation invariant patterns for a nonlinear Laplace-Beltrami equation posed on the 2-sphere. After changing to spherical coordinates, the problem becomes a singular second order boundary value problem (BVP) on the interval begin{document}$ (0,frac{pi}{2}] $end{document} with a removable singularity at zero. The singularity is removed by solving the equation with Taylor series on begin{document}$ (0,delta] $end{document} (with begin{document}$ delta $end{document} small) while a Chebyshev series expansion is used to solve the problem on begin{document}$ [delta,frac{pi}{2}] $end{document}. The two setups are incorporated in a larger zero-finding problem of the form begin{document}$ F(a) = 0 $end{document} with begin{document}$ a $end{document} containing the coefficients of the Taylor and Chebyshev series. The problem begin{document}$ F = 0 $end{document} is solved rigorously using a Newton-Kantorovich argument.
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引用次数: 2
Continuation methods for principal foliations of embedded surfaces 嵌入面主叶理的延拓方法
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2022007
J. Guckenheimer
Continuation methods are a well established tool for following equilibria and periodic orbits in dynamical systems as a parameter is varied. Properly formulated, they locate and classify bifurcations of these key components of phase portraits. Principal foliations of surfaces embedded in begin{document}$ mathbb{R}^3 $end{document} resemble phase portraits of two dimensional vector fields, but they are not orientable. In the spirit of dynamical systems theory, Gutierrez and Sotomayor investigated qualitative geometric features that characterize structurally stable principal foliations and their bifurcations in one parameter families. This paper computes return maps and applies continuation methods to obtain new insight into bifurcations of principal foliations.Umbilics are the singularities of principal foliations and lines of curvature connecting umbilics are analogous to homoclinic and heteroclinic bifurcations of vector fields. Here, a continuation method tracks a periodic line of curvature in a family of surfaces that deforms an ellipsoid. One of the bifurcations of these periodic lines of curvature are connections between lemon umbilics. Differences between these bifurcations and analogous saddle connections in two dimensional vector fields are emphasized. A second case study tracks umbilics in a one parameter family of surfaces with continuation methods and locates their bifurcations using Taylor expansions in "Monge coordinates." Return maps that are generalized interval exchange maps of a circle are constructed for generic surfaces with no monstar umbilics.
Continuation methods are a well established tool for following equilibria and periodic orbits in dynamical systems as a parameter is varied. Properly formulated, they locate and classify bifurcations of these key components of phase portraits. Principal foliations of surfaces embedded in begin{document}$ mathbb{R}^3 $end{document} resemble phase portraits of two dimensional vector fields, but they are not orientable. In the spirit of dynamical systems theory, Gutierrez and Sotomayor investigated qualitative geometric features that characterize structurally stable principal foliations and their bifurcations in one parameter families. This paper computes return maps and applies continuation methods to obtain new insight into bifurcations of principal foliations.Umbilics are the singularities of principal foliations and lines of curvature connecting umbilics are analogous to homoclinic and heteroclinic bifurcations of vector fields. Here, a continuation method tracks a periodic line of curvature in a family of surfaces that deforms an ellipsoid. One of the bifurcations of these periodic lines of curvature are connections between lemon umbilics. Differences between these bifurcations and analogous saddle connections in two dimensional vector fields are emphasized. A second case study tracks umbilics in a one parameter family of surfaces with continuation methods and locates their bifurcations using Taylor expansions in "Monge coordinates." Return maps that are generalized interval exchange maps of a circle are constructed for generic surfaces with no monstar umbilics.
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引用次数: 0
Sensitivity analysis for periodic orbits and quasiperiodic invariant tori using the adjoint method 用伴随法分析周期轨道和准周期不变环面灵敏度
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2022006
H. Dankowicz, J. Sieber
This paper presents a rigorous framework for the continuation of solutions to nonlinear constraints and the simultaneous analysis of the sensitivities of test functions to constraint violations at each solution point using an adjoint-based approach. By the linearity of a problem Lagrangian in the associated Lagrange multipliers, the formalism is shown to be directly amenable to analysis using the COCO software package, specifically its paradigm for staged problem construction. The general theory is illustrated in the context of algebraic equations and boundary-value problems, with emphasis on periodic orbits in smooth and hybrid dynamical systems, and quasiperiodic invariant tori of flows. In the latter case, normal hyperbolicity is used to prove the existence of continuous solutions to the adjoint conditions associated with the sensitivities of the orbital periods to parameter perturbations and constraint violations, even though the linearization of the governing boundary-value problem lacks a bounded inverse, as required by the general theory. An assumption of transversal stability then implies that these solutions predict the asymptotic phases of trajectories based at initial conditions perturbed away from the torus. Example COCO code is used to illustrate the minimal additional investment in setup costs required to append sensitivity analysis to regular parameter continuation. 200 words.
本文提出了一个严格的框架,用于非线性约束解的延拓,并使用基于伴随的方法同时分析测试函数在每个解点对约束违反的敏感性。通过相关拉格朗日乘子中问题拉格朗日量的线性,形式主义被证明可以直接适用于使用COCO软件包进行分析,特别是它的阶段问题构建范式。一般理论是在代数方程和边值问题的背景下说明的,重点是光滑和混合动力系统中的周期轨道,以及流动的准周期不变环面。在后一种情况下,尽管控制边值问题的线性化缺乏一般理论所要求的有界逆,但使用正规双曲性来证明与轨道周期对参数扰动和约束违反的敏感性相关的伴随条件的连续解的存在性。横向稳定性的假设则意味着这些解预测了基于初始条件下远离环面扰动的轨迹的渐近相位。示例COCO代码用于说明将灵敏度分析附加到正则参数延拓所需的最小额外设置成本投资。200个单词。
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引用次数: 0
A converse sum of squares lyapunov function for outer approximation of minimal attractor sets of nonlinear systems 非线性系统最小吸引子集外逼近的逆平方和lyapunov函数
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2022019
Morgan Jones, M. Peet
Many dynamical systems described by nonlinear ODEs are unstable. Their associated solutions do not converge towards an equilibrium point, but rather converge towards some invariant subset of the state space called an attractor set. For a given ODE, in general, the existence, shape and structure of the attractor sets of the ODE are unknown. Fortunately, the sublevel sets of Lyapunov functions can provide bounds on the attractor sets of ODEs. In this paper we propose a new Lyapunov characterization of attractor sets that is well suited to the problem of finding the minimal attractor set. We show our Lyapunov characterization is non-conservative even when restricted to Sum-of-Squares (SOS) Lyapunov functions. Given these results, we propose a SOS programming problem based on determinant maximization that yields an SOS Lyapunov function whose begin{document}$ 1 $end{document}-sublevel set has minimal volume, is an attractor set itself, and provides an optimal outer approximation of the minimal attractor set of the ODE. Several numerical examples are presented including the Lorenz attractor and Van-der-Pol oscillator.
Many dynamical systems described by nonlinear ODEs are unstable. Their associated solutions do not converge towards an equilibrium point, but rather converge towards some invariant subset of the state space called an attractor set. For a given ODE, in general, the existence, shape and structure of the attractor sets of the ODE are unknown. Fortunately, the sublevel sets of Lyapunov functions can provide bounds on the attractor sets of ODEs. In this paper we propose a new Lyapunov characterization of attractor sets that is well suited to the problem of finding the minimal attractor set. We show our Lyapunov characterization is non-conservative even when restricted to Sum-of-Squares (SOS) Lyapunov functions. Given these results, we propose a SOS programming problem based on determinant maximization that yields an SOS Lyapunov function whose begin{document}$ 1 $end{document}-sublevel set has minimal volume, is an attractor set itself, and provides an optimal outer approximation of the minimal attractor set of the ODE. Several numerical examples are presented including the Lorenz attractor and Van-der-Pol oscillator.
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引用次数: 3
Classification with Runge-Kutta networks and feature space augmentation 龙格-库塔网络和特征空间增强分类
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2021018
E. Giesecke, Axel Kroner

In this paper we combine an approach based on Runge-Kutta Nets considered in [Benning et al., J. Comput. Dynamics, 9, 2019] and a technique on augmenting the input space in [Dupont et al., NeurIPS, 2019] to obtain network architectures which show a better numerical performance for deep neural networks in point and image classification problems. The approach is illustrated with several examples implemented in PyTorch.

在本文中,我们结合了[Benning et al., J. Comput]中考虑的基于龙格-库塔网的方法。[杜邦等人,NeurIPS, 2019]中的一种增强输入空间的技术,以获得在点和图像分类问题中表现出更好数值性能的深度神经网络网络架构。通过在PyTorch中实现的几个示例说明了该方法。
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引用次数: 0
An algebraic approach to the spontaneous formation of spherical jets 球形射流自发形成的代数方法
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2021028
M. Viviani
The global structure of the atmosphere and the oceans is a continuous source of intriguing challenges in geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). Among these, jets are determinant in the air and water circulation around the Earth. In the last fifty years, thanks to the development of more and more precise and extensive observations, it has been possible to study in detail the atmospheric formations of the giant-gas planets in the solar system. For those planets, jets are the dominant large scale structure. Starting from the 70s, various theories combining observations and mathematical models have been proposed in order to describe their formation and stability. In this paper, we propose a purely algebraic approach to describe the spontaneous formation of jets on a spherical domain. Analysing the algebraic properties of the 2D Euler equations, we give a characterization of the different jets' structures. The calculations are performed starting from the discrete Zeitlin model of the Euler equations. For this model, the classification of the jets' structures can be precisely described in terms of reductive Lie algebras decomposition. The discrete framework provides a simple tool for analysing both from a theoretical and and a numerical perspective the jets' formation. Furthermore, it allows to extend the results to the original Euler equations.
大气和海洋的全球结构是地球物理流体动力学(GFD)中一个有趣挑战的持续来源。其中,射流在地球周围的空气和水循环中起着决定性作用。在过去的五十年里,由于越来越精确和广泛的观测的发展,已经有可能详细研究太阳系中巨大气体行星的大气形成。对于这些行星来说,喷流是主要的大规模结构。从70年代开始,人们提出了各种结合观测和数学模型的理论来描述它们的形成和稳定性。本文提出了一种纯代数方法来描述球面上射流的自发形成。通过分析二维欧拉方程的代数性质,给出了不同射流结构的表征。从欧拉方程的离散Zeitlin模型出发进行计算。对于该模型,射流结构的分类可以用约化李代数分解来精确描述。离散框架为从理论和数值角度分析射流的形成提供了一个简单的工具。此外,它允许将结果扩展到原始欧拉方程。
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引用次数: 0
Computer-assisted estimates for birkhoff normal forms birkhoff范式的计算机辅助估计
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-11 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2020017
Chiara Caracciolo, U. Locatelli
Birkhoff normal forms are commonly used in order to ensure the so called "effective stability" in the neighborhood of elliptic equilibrium points for Hamiltonian systems. From a theoretical point of view, this means that the eventual diffusion can be bounded for time intervals that are exponentially large with respect to the inverse of the distance of the initial conditions from such equilibrium points. Here, we focus on an approach that is suitable for practical applications: we extend a rather classical scheme of estimates for both the Birkhoff normal forms to any finite order and their remainders. This is made for providing explicit lower bounds of the stability time (that are valid for initial conditions in a fixed open ball), by using a fully rigorous computer-assisted procedure. We apply our approach in two simple contexts that are widely studied in Celestial Mechanics: the Henon-Heiles model and the Circular Planar Restricted Three-Body Problem. In the latter case, we adapt our scheme of estimates for covering also the case of resonant Birkhoff normal forms and, in some concrete models about the motion of the Trojan asteroids, we show that it can be more advantageous with respect to the usual non-resonant ones.
为了保证哈密顿系统在椭圆平衡点附近的“有效稳定性”,通常使用Birkhoff范式。从理论的角度来看,这意味着最终的扩散在时间间隔上是有界的,这个时间间隔相对于初始条件到这些平衡点的距离的倒数呈指数大。在这里,我们专注于一种适合实际应用的方法:我们将Birkhoff范式的估计扩展到任何有限阶及其余数的相当经典的方案。这是为了通过使用完全严格的计算机辅助程序提供明确的稳定时间下界(在固定的开放球的初始条件下有效)。我们将我们的方法应用于天体力学中广泛研究的两个简单背景:Henon-Heiles模型和圆平面受限三体问题。在后一种情况下,我们调整了我们的估计方案,以涵盖共振Birkhoff范式的情况,并且在一些关于特洛伊小行星运动的具体模型中,我们表明它相对于通常的非共振模型更有利。
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引用次数: 10
Hamiltonian control of magnetic field lines: Computer assisted results proving the existence of KAM barriers 磁力线的哈密顿控制:计算机辅助结果证明了KAM障碍的存在
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2022002
L. Valvo, U. Locatelli
We reconsider a control theory for Hamiltonian systems, that was introduced on the basis of KAM theory and applied to a model of magnetic field in previous articles. By a combination of Frequency Analysis and of a rigorous (Computer Assisted) KAM algorithm we prove that in the phase space of the magnetic field, due to the control term, a set of invariant tori appear, and it acts as a transport barrier. Our analysis, which is common (but often also limited) to Celestial Mechanics, is based on a normal form approach; it is also quite general and can be applied to quasi-integrable Hamiltonian systems satisfying a few additional mild assumptions. As a novelty with respect to the works that in the last two decades applied Computer Assisted Proofs into the framework of KAM theory, we provide all the codes allowing to produce our results. They are collected in a software package that is publicly available from the Mendeley Data repository. All these codes are designed in such a way to be easy-to-use, also for what concerns eventual adaptations for applications to similar problems.
我们重新考虑了在前几篇文章中引入的基于KAM理论并应用于磁场模型的哈密顿系统控制理论。通过结合频率分析和严格的(计算机辅助)KAM算法,我们证明了在磁场的相空间中,由于控制项的存在,出现了一组不变的环面,它起着传输屏障的作用。我们的分析,这是常见的(但也经常是有限的)天体力学,是基于标准形式的方法;它也是相当普遍的,并且可以应用于满足一些附加温和假设的拟可积哈密顿系统。作为在过去二十年中将计算机辅助证明应用于KAM理论框架的工作的新颖性,我们提供了允许产生我们结果的所有代码。它们被收集在一个软件包中,这个软件包可以从Mendeley数据存储库中公开获得。所有这些代码都以易于使用的方式设计,也考虑到应用程序最终适应类似的问题。
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引用次数: 8
Analysis of the fractional descriptor discrete-time linear systems by the use of the shuffle algorithm 用shuffle算法分析分数阶广义离散线性系统
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/JCD.2021007
T. Kaczorek, A. Ruszewski
The shuffle algorithm is applied to analysis of the fractional descriptor discrete-time linear systems. Using the shuffle algorithm the singularity of the fractional descriptor linear system is eliminated and the system is decomposed into dynamic and static parts. Procedures for computation of the solution and dynamic and static parts of the system are proposed. Sufficient conditions for the positivity of the fractional descriptor discrete-time linear systems are established.
将shuffle算法应用于分数阶广义离散线性系统的分析。利用shuffle算法消除了分数阶广义线性系统的奇异性,并将系统分解为动态部分和静态部分。给出了系统的解和动、静态部分的计算方法。建立了分数阶广义离散线性系统正性的充分条件。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical preservation issues in stochastic dynamical systems by $ vartheta $-methods 随机动力系统数值保存问题的$ vartheta $-方法
IF 1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jcd.2021023
R. D'Ambrosio, S. Di Giovacchino

This paper analyzes conservation issues in the discretization of certain stochastic dynamical systems by means of stochastic begin{document}$ vartheta $end{document}-mehods. The analysis also takes into account the effects of the estimation of the expected values by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The theoretical analysis is supported by a numerical evidence on a given stochastic oscillator, inspired by the Duffing oscillator.

This paper analyzes conservation issues in the discretization of certain stochastic dynamical systems by means of stochastic begin{document}$ vartheta $end{document}-mehods. The analysis also takes into account the effects of the estimation of the expected values by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The theoretical analysis is supported by a numerical evidence on a given stochastic oscillator, inspired by the Duffing oscillator.
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Computational Dynamics
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