Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0009
Elizabeth Martin
This chapter analyzes the historic narrative of Dogtown, Massachusetts, a New England outsider community. The shift from insider to outsider community in the early nineteenth century is examined by placing the documentary record side by side with the past and present landscape. The constructed nature of the historic narrative along with today’s physical space is unpacked, arguing that Dogtown’s communal identity is still an unknown and that the modern understanding of the community has been constructed in the one hundred years since site abandonment.
{"title":"Where Are the Outsiders?","authors":"Elizabeth Martin","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes the historic narrative of Dogtown, Massachusetts, a New England outsider community. The shift from insider to outsider community in the early nineteenth century is examined by placing the documentary record side by side with the past and present landscape. The constructed nature of the historic narrative along with today’s physical space is unpacked, arguing that Dogtown’s communal identity is still an unknown and that the modern understanding of the community has been constructed in the one hundred years since site abandonment.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124857143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0002
Jessica MacLean
This chapter examines the formation of white Creole masculine identity in the context of a middling sugar plantation in 18th-century Montserrat, West Indies, and considers the role of climate and the emergence of racialized categories of personhood in the creation of this distinctly colonial form of social identity. Employing a close study of a fob seal, an external artifact of personal adornment excavated from a planter’s dwelling house, the chapter highlights the relational aspects of colonial identity found in the disjuncture between the white “Creole” planter’s self-fashioning as an English gentleman and his Creole social practice within the plantation landscape and as viewed by the English Metropole. The chapter emphasizes the importance of historically and geographically situating archaeological studies of embodied identity to mitigate the potential for misinterpretation of the cultural context in which white Creole personal material goods were deployed and identity negotiated.
{"title":"Cupid’s Bow","authors":"Jessica MacLean","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the formation of white Creole masculine identity in the context of a middling sugar plantation in 18th-century Montserrat, West Indies, and considers the role of climate and the emergence of racialized categories of personhood in the creation of this distinctly colonial form of social identity. Employing a close study of a fob seal, an external artifact of personal adornment excavated from a planter’s dwelling house, the chapter highlights the relational aspects of colonial identity found in the disjuncture between the white “Creole” planter’s self-fashioning as an English gentleman and his Creole social practice within the plantation landscape and as viewed by the English Metropole. The chapter emphasizes the importance of historically and geographically situating archaeological studies of embodied identity to mitigate the potential for misinterpretation of the cultural context in which white Creole personal material goods were deployed and identity negotiated.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134330520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0005
Elizabeth K. Spott
This chapter examines the life of Jean Baptiste de Richardville, the last civil chief of the Miami tribe, as he navigated the pluralistic frontier society of the nineteenth-century Great Lakes region. Richardville drew upon elements of his Métis (mixed French-Miami) ancestry as well as his class to produce and enact various identities. His skilled negotiation of the divergent worlds he inhabited served to secure his role within the Miami tribe, as well as within the dominant white culture. In particular, this chapter looks at identity formation through Richardville’s two houses, an ornate Greek revival building (the Chief Richardville House) that served as his residence and a place for lavish entertainment, and the more modest Richardville/Lafontaine House that he used for the fur trade and treaty negotiations. These buildings, and archival evidence of Richardville’s life, shed light on how he constructed and maintained a fluid social identity to thrive in a potentially contentious and continually evolving setting.
本章考察了让·巴蒂斯特·德·理查德维尔(Jean Baptiste de Richardville)的生活，他是迈阿密部落最后一位民事首领，他在19世纪大湖地区多元化的边疆社会中航行。理查维尔利用他的msamutis(法国和迈阿密的混血儿)血统以及他的阶级来创造和制定各种身份。他在自己居住的不同世界中娴熟的谈判技巧，确保了他在迈阿密部落以及占主导地位的白人文化中的地位。特别地，本章通过理查维尔的两栋房子来审视身份的形成，一座华丽的希腊复兴式建筑(理查维尔酋长之家)作为他的住所和奢华的娱乐场所，另一座更朴素的理查维尔/拉方丹之家，他用来进行毛皮贸易和条约谈判。这些建筑，以及理查德维尔生活的档案证据，揭示了他如何在一个潜在的争议和不断发展的环境中构建和维持一个流动的社会身份。
{"title":"Two Houses Windows on the Identity of Chief Richardville","authors":"Elizabeth K. Spott","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the life of Jean Baptiste de Richardville, the last civil chief of the Miami tribe, as he navigated the pluralistic frontier society of the nineteenth-century Great Lakes region. Richardville drew upon elements of his Métis (mixed French-Miami) ancestry as well as his class to produce and enact various identities. His skilled negotiation of the divergent worlds he inhabited served to secure his role within the Miami tribe, as well as within the dominant white culture. In particular, this chapter looks at identity formation through Richardville’s two houses, an ornate Greek revival building (the Chief Richardville House) that served as his residence and a place for lavish entertainment, and the more modest Richardville/Lafontaine House that he used for the fur trade and treaty negotiations. These buildings, and archival evidence of Richardville’s life, shed light on how he constructed and maintained a fluid social identity to thrive in a potentially contentious and continually evolving setting.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133752804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0004
Lisa Geiger
After invading Algiers in 1830, French colonial administrators enacted policies intended to surveil and control local prostitutes. These regulations established sex worker registration logs, mandatory vaginal inspections, and forced treatments while redefining the primarily Muslim local women’s bodies as sites of disease. French medical workers used privileged technologies and clinical confinement to become the gatekeepers of women’s health. While French rhetoric stressed the benefits of new medical procedures and local acceptance of regulations, contemporary records suggest Algerian women resisted the new management policies. These women drew on pre-French social dynamics to evade surveillance and fashion new identities as sex workers within the shifted demographics of colonial Algiers, conceptualizing sex as a commodity to be drawn upon during economic crisis.
{"title":"Bodies under Scrutiny","authors":"Lisa Geiger","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"After invading Algiers in 1830, French colonial administrators enacted policies intended to surveil and control local prostitutes. These regulations established sex worker registration logs, mandatory vaginal inspections, and forced treatments while redefining the primarily Muslim local women’s bodies as sites of disease. French medical workers used privileged technologies and clinical confinement to become the gatekeepers of women’s health. While French rhetoric stressed the benefits of new medical procedures and local acceptance of regulations, contemporary records suggest Algerian women resisted the new management policies. These women drew on pre-French social dynamics to evade surveillance and fashion new identities as sex workers within the shifted demographics of colonial Algiers, conceptualizing sex as a commodity to be drawn upon during economic crisis.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130971840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0013
O. H. Benavides, B. Kurchin
This chapter explores the relationship between time and identity through an excavation of three science fiction novels set in a futuristic London or London-esque city. The interplay of past, present, and future in the production of identity is seen in the excavation of the protagonists’ lives. Each faces a personal crisis of identity that can be resolved only by excavating the past in order to navigate the present and construct the future.
{"title":"On Time and Identity","authors":"O. H. Benavides, B. Kurchin","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the relationship between time and identity through an excavation of three science fiction novels set in a futuristic London or London-esque city. The interplay of past, present, and future in the production of identity is seen in the excavation of the protagonists’ lives. Each faces a personal crisis of identity that can be resolved only by excavating the past in order to navigate the present and construct the future.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115066796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0007
B. Kurchin, Judith Bianciardi
Historically, literature dealing with the Roman military occupation in Britannia over the first four centuries AD did not address the experiences of individuals or communities. This chapter joins a growing body of scholarship that has turned to theories of identity—incorporating notions of agency, structure, practice, materiality, and the use and transformation of space/landscape—which assert that identity is a very complex and realistic concept with which to understand human interaction as it changes over time. The authors trace the long recursive trajectory of the identities of the original “barbarian” auxiliary soldiers who were permanently stationed in Hadrian’s wall forts along the northern frontier of Britannia, as their practices and interactions with native Britons in the vici transformed and in turn helped to transform the army and wider landscape. No longer the lowest-class soldiers, they became privileged Roman citizens with new identities that drew on Roman, British, and other genealogies.
{"title":"Soldiers on the Wall","authors":"B. Kurchin, Judith Bianciardi","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, literature dealing with the Roman military occupation in Britannia over the first four centuries AD did not address the experiences of individuals or communities. This chapter joins a growing body of scholarship that has turned to theories of identity—incorporating notions of agency, structure, practice, materiality, and the use and transformation of space/landscape—which assert that identity is a very complex and realistic concept with which to understand human interaction as it changes over time. The authors trace the long recursive trajectory of the identities of the original “barbarian” auxiliary soldiers who were permanently stationed in Hadrian’s wall forts along the northern frontier of Britannia, as their practices and interactions with native Britons in the vici transformed and in turn helped to transform the army and wider landscape. No longer the lowest-class soldiers, they became privileged Roman citizens with new identities that drew on Roman, British, and other genealogies.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117253481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0003
Meredith B. Linn
During the mid- to late-nineteenth century, millions of Irish people emigrated to the U.S. fleeing hardship and searching for a better life. Much has been written about how they faced great anti-Irish prejudice and yet forged an Irish American identity in cities such as New York, Boston, and Philadelphia. A previously under-examined dimension of this struggle is how these predominately rural newcomers adjusted to urban life. This chapter begins to address this issue, focusing on how Irish immigrants in mid-nineteenth-century New York City manipulated their appearances. Using evidence from archaeological sites, immigrant letters, historical newspapers, and folklore archives, this study shows how some Irish immigrants utilized cosmetic hair preparations as transformative substances to style new urban Irish American identities and to manage interactions with employers, native-born peers, and other Irish community members.
{"title":"The New York Irish","authors":"Meredith B. Linn","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"During the mid- to late-nineteenth century, millions of Irish people emigrated to the U.S. fleeing hardship and searching for a better life. Much has been written about how they faced great anti-Irish prejudice and yet forged an Irish American identity in cities such as New York, Boston, and Philadelphia. A previously under-examined dimension of this struggle is how these predominately rural newcomers adjusted to urban life. This chapter begins to address this issue, focusing on how Irish immigrants in mid-nineteenth-century New York City manipulated their appearances. Using evidence from archaeological sites, immigrant letters, historical newspapers, and folklore archives, this study shows how some Irish immigrants utilized cosmetic hair preparations as transformative substances to style new urban Irish American identities and to manage interactions with employers, native-born peers, and other Irish community members.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123409885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0011
R. Diaz
On July 25, 2005, a small group of “Taino” reclaimed the Caguana Ceremonial Center in Utuado, Puerto Rico, in the name of their ancestors. The protestors demanded, “End the destruction and desecration of our sanctuaries, sacred places, archeological sites, coaibays (cemeteries) and ceremonial centers now!” The Taino had utilized the site for years to celebrate traditional rituals, but due to changes in the center’s policies, were suddenly restricted from using the site during certain hours. For the Taino, this was the final straw in an ongoing and escalating conflict with the site managers, The Institute for Puerto Rican Culture, charged by the Puerto Rican Legislature in 1955 with the task of “conserving, promoting, enriching and disseminating the cultural values of Puerto Rico.” The result was a 17-day occupation and hunger strike that brought to the fore issues regarding Puerto Rican identity that had long lay dormant and unchallenged.
{"title":"“El Grito de Caguana”","authors":"R. Diaz","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"On July 25, 2005, a small group of “Taino” reclaimed the Caguana Ceremonial Center in Utuado, Puerto Rico, in the name of their ancestors. The protestors demanded, “End the destruction and desecration of our sanctuaries, sacred places, archeological sites, coaibays (cemeteries) and ceremonial centers now!” The Taino had utilized the site for years to celebrate traditional rituals, but due to changes in the center’s policies, were suddenly restricted from using the site during certain hours. For the Taino, this was the final straw in an ongoing and escalating conflict with the site managers, The Institute for Puerto Rican Culture, charged by the Puerto Rican Legislature in 1955 with the task of “conserving, promoting, enriching and disseminating the cultural values of Puerto Rico.” The result was a 17-day occupation and hunger strike that brought to the fore issues regarding Puerto Rican identity that had long lay dormant and unchallenged.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116734930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0006
M. Watson
The Lott House in Brooklyn, one of the few remaining Dutch colonial farmhouses in New York City, was a place of multiple and transforming identities in encounters between persons of Dutch, English, and African descent. At one time the family was among the largest slaveholders in Brooklyn, yet they may have become abolitionists and used their house as part of the Underground Railroad. This chapter looks at the Lott family in the first half of the nineteenth century and how they fashioned and adapted their identities within the changing environment of antebellum America, particularly in relation to the people of African descent whom they owned, employed, or otherwise encountered. Making use of the built environment and archival evidence, the author argues that identity formation for the Lotts was a troubled endeavor, made difficult by the contradictory and sometimes clashing facets of their ethnic, religious, and social identities.
{"title":"“The Little Stairway under the Bell”","authors":"M. Watson","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The Lott House in Brooklyn, one of the few remaining Dutch colonial farmhouses in New York City, was a place of multiple and transforming identities in encounters between persons of Dutch, English, and African descent. At one time the family was among the largest slaveholders in Brooklyn, yet they may have become abolitionists and used their house as part of the Underground Railroad. This chapter looks at the Lott family in the first half of the nineteenth century and how they fashioned and adapted their identities within the changing environment of antebellum America, particularly in relation to the people of African descent whom they owned, employed, or otherwise encountered. Making use of the built environment and archival evidence, the author argues that identity formation for the Lotts was a troubled endeavor, made difficult by the contradictory and sometimes clashing facets of their ethnic, religious, and social identities.","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115714409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0010
R. Maher, J. Bond
Humans, as agents, played an active role in the creation and communication of new identities during the Viking period in the Orkney Islands and Iceland. The authors argue that environments are not merely passive backdrops to societal and identity formation but are dynamic contributors in the negotiations that take place when humans settle into new lands. The chapter will focus on the maneuvering and balancing of traditional burial rituals and beliefs within new political, economic, and cosmological landscapes. The comparison of interdisciplinary data from burials, ancient texts, archaeological excavations, and landscape surveys from both regions during the time period of the study will show how the environment aided in the creation and performance of the burial ritual and how the agents’ reshaping of the land helped to form their new identities
{"title":"Agency and Renegotiated Identities in the North Atlantic Isles","authors":"R. Maher, J. Bond","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056197.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Humans, as agents, played an active role in the creation and communication of new identities during the Viking period in the Orkney Islands and Iceland. The authors argue that environments are not merely passive backdrops to societal and identity formation but are dynamic contributors in the negotiations that take place when humans settle into new lands. The chapter will focus on the maneuvering and balancing of traditional burial rituals and beliefs within new political, economic, and cosmological landscapes. The comparison of interdisciplinary data from burials, ancient texts, archaeological excavations, and landscape surveys from both regions during the time period of the study will show how the environment aided in the creation and performance of the burial ritual and how the agents’ reshaping of the land helped to form their new identities","PeriodicalId":375940,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology of Identity and Dissonance","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133071849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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